Chapter 9: Campaign for reforms - became editor of La Solidaridad

- Two Books:
Graciano Lopez Jaena o monastic sovereignty in
Born: Dec. 18, 1856 the phils.
Died: Jan 20, 1896 (Hunger & Illness) o frailocracy in the phils.
- Tagalong writings:
- Great orator
o caiingat cayo
- wrote a long story about fray
o dasalan at toksohan
botod.
o kadakilaan ng dios
- 1889 he founded a newspaper
o sagot ng espana sa hikbi
La Solidaridad
- first editor of it. ng Filipinas
Aims:
Pro Filipino Societies
1. to fight reaction
- 1882 organized an
2. to stop all the efforts to make
organization called circulo
the phils.
hispano Filipino
a backward country.
o newspaper re vista del
3. to express liberal ideas to defend
circulo hispano- Filipino
progress. o death: lack of financial &
Demands: support, lack of
1. representation I Spanish cortes leadership
2. right to vote - Asociacion hispano Filipina
3. freedom of speech o aims:
4. freedom of commerce abolition of
5. the removal of friars in phils. diezmos prediales
6. education of the people compulsory
7. reforms in jails of the country teaching of
8. abolition of the diezmos Spanish in all
prediales. school in phils.
radical reforms in
Jose Rizal UST
Born: June 19, 1861 abolition of
Died: Dec 30, 1896 (gun shot) flogging
- Great thinker & writer establishment of
- age 26: 1st novel Noli Me agricultural banks
Tangere or touch me not tax & other
- 2nd novel: El Filibusterismo the reforms
rebel o why refrorm movement
- Founded La Liga Filipina failed:
Spanish high
Marcelo H. Del Pilar officials were too
Born: Aug 30, 1850 busy
Died: July 4, 1896 financial difficulty
- greatest journalist reformist
- founded Tagalog-spanish themselves were
newspaper Diariong Tagalog not united
 friars in phils. have o Give mutual protection to
influential friends all members
& supporters in o Encourage agriculture,
spain. commerce & education
o Defend members
o Study & apply reforms
- Paid monthly due : 10 centavos
(as financial support to the
Masonry / Freemasonry
Spain Phils organization)
st
1 Lodge: Masonic Lodge:
Revolucion Nilda *Maura Law 1893 Teaching
Aims: Spanish
- work for
freedom &
prosperity Chapter 10 : Bonifacio and the
- work for Katipunan
good
governmen Kataastaasan Kagalanggalang
t na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
- ask Bayan (KKK)
representat
ion on Created: July 7, 1892
Spanish
cortes Objective: Governing
- establish bodies:
phils. as - Civic - Supreme Council
province of - Political - Provincial
spain. Council
2nd lodge: La *Women Lodge: - Moral - Popular Council
solidaridad Walana
3 kinds of members:
* Other Lodges 1. Katipon Password: Anak ng
were 35 bayan
2. Kawal Gomburza
La Liga Filipina 3. Bayani Rizal
- July 3, 1892 it was established
- Founder: rizal, group of patriotic *Kartila 13 teachings
Filipinos & Andres bonifacio - Emilio Jacinto wrote
- Pres: Ambrosio Salvador *Kalayaan Newspaper of org.
- Fiscal: Agustin Dela Rosa
- Tres.: Bonifacio Arevalo
- Sec.: Deodata Arellano Chapter 11: The Revolution
- Aims:
o Unite the whole Pedro Patino Taksil/ nanlaglag
archipelago Aug 19 Discovery of katipunan
Aug 23 Cry of pugad lawin
Martial law - Gov. Gen Ramon
Blanco issued a decree to prevent
revolution ( Blancos policy of
attraction.
Bonifacio goes to cavite
- They called Heneral Miong
Tejeros Convention
- They meet at tejeros, San
Francisco de Malabon
- Daniel Tirona is the one who
insulted bonifacio upon the
protest.
*Aguinaldo establish Biak na Bato
Republic
* Article 8 Tagalog official language
Chapter 12: The Struggle
Continues
April 25, 1898 Declared war on Spain
Isabelo Artacho Wanted to divide
400k from
Aguinaldo
Felipe Agoncillo Advice Aguinaldo to
leave
Hong Kong
Howard Bray Visited Aguinaldo to tell
that
E. Spencer Pratt wants to talk
with him.
E. Spencer Pratt American that
negotiated
Aguinaldo that US will help
Phils.
Rounseville Wildman Advice
Aguinaldo to
establish a dictatorial
government.
June 12, 1898 Independence at kawit
,cavite
Chapter 13: Freedom and
Independence
*Aguinaldo asked Mariano Ponce to
prepare constitution
*He asked Ambrosio Rianzares
Bautista, to prepare machinery for
dictatorial government.
May 24, 1898 establishment of
dictatorial
government
Julian Felipe Composed Marcha
Filipina
Magdalo
*Mrs. Marcela Agoncillo & Delfina
Herbosa Sewn the Phils. flag
Official newspaper of revolutionary
government
- El Heraldo De La Revolucion
- Sept. 29, 1898
- Changed to Heraldo Filipino
- Changed to Indice Official
- Lastly Changed to Gaceta De
Filipinas
Treaty of Paris
- Dec. 10, 1898
- Turnover of Phils, from Spain to
US, by paying 20 milion dollars
- Feb. 6 senate approved treaty
of paris
Feb. 4 1899 Philippine American
War started
Chapter 14: The Philippine
American War
President McKinley Issued
Benevolent Assimilation
Gregorio Del Pilar was killed by a
bullet that passes through his neck
from Americans.
Politico Religion group - Ladrones
Chapter 15: Results of Phil.
American War
- Great loss of lives $ deceased
economic productivity.
- Oct. 23, 1899, meeting of
Aglipay.
- Isabelo de los Reyes founded
the first labor union.
(Democratic Labor Union)
- Oct 26, 1903 First mass as
Supreme Bishop (Gregorio
Aglipay)
Chapter 16: American Colonial
Rule: Policy and
Governance
In order : General (Military
Governor)
1. Gen. Wesley Merritt
2. Gen. Elwell Otis
3. Gen. Arthur Mac Arthur
Schurman Commission (1st
Commission)
- Chairman Dr. Jacob Gould
Schurman
- Instructions from McKinley
- States that entire Phils. must be
under the authority of US in a
peaceful manner.
- & secure with least possible
delay of benefits & wise and
generous protection of life &
property.
- Just & Benevolent intentions
Taft Commission ( 2nd Commission)
- Chairman William Howard Taft
- Benevolent intnentions
- Free primary education
- English Language: Medium of
instruction
Army Appropriations Act
(Spooner Amendment)
- It gives authority to the US
President to establish civil
government in Phils.
- Howard Taft ( 1st civil governor)
Sedition Law
- 1901
- Filipinos wanting/ advocating
independence from US would be
punished by death or
imprisonment.
Brigandage Act
- Penalty for those who are
stealing carabaos (rinderpest)
Cooper law (Philippine Bill of
1902)
- Gives rights to Filipinos &
establishment of Philippine
Assembly to be run by Filipinos
in 2 years.
- Law making body.

Chapter 17: Training for Self-
Government
Jones law in 1916
- Bill of rights
- Promised to grant independence
as soon as a stable government
could be established.
Filipinization (Gov.-Gen. Harrison)
- Greater participation to
government
- Employing Filipinos in low to
high position in the government
Tydings McDuffie Act in 1934
- Transition government
- also called Commonweath
- End of it is independence
Chapter 18: Campaign for
Independence
Hare Hawes Cutting Law
- Ptovides at the end of 10 year
period to be named as the
commonwealth period
- Phils. independence would be
granted.