CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

This project was not the first in the field of study. Below is a review of the findings of
what is already in place in relation to the area of interest of this project undertaken.

2.1: Existing system description:

The current Library Management System does not eliminate the process of searching
books within the library campus. Students have to find books manually. They have to
wait until they are not provided with their library card and token. For receiving book they
have to show their library card and wait in line for their turns. The admin personnel also
have to look manually on which day which person will take the charge within library to
manage the overall work.

2.2: Library Management System Overview

This Library Management System will have login page from where its user can access.
This page will provide login for admin, working staff members and the students. Staff
members accounts will be manage by the admin. To access the library resources students
have to register by using their registration number, email address, phone number, class
roll number and password. After successful registration they will be provided the login
facility.

Students can search books by using book ISBN number or by author name or by title of
book along with author name. After completion of this process students will be provided
with book details such as where it is located by using location number and by their row
and column number.

If any student has lost their book, then this should be informed to library working staff
member where they can made changes to their account and take appropriate actions such
as fine.

Admin will able to add staffs, delete staffs, add students, delete students, add books,
manage account details, schedule working time table etc.

For receiving book from the Library Management System students have to use their bard
code card and provide to the staff members where they will scan their card and add
particular book into their account. If any student does not clear their previous dues then it
will display a message of defaulter and last date to submit their dues.
CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Methodology
A methodology is a formalized approach to implementing the system development life
cycle. Methodology is the practical way in which the objectives stated were achieved
through developing a physical working of the Book store management system.
The following methods were used for the development stage of the Book store
management system.

3.1 Methodology Diagram

3.2 Planning Stage
The planning stage determined how to go about the building of the system. A work plan
was made at this stage to help in controlling and directing the building of the system. At
this stage, I decided when to begin on the development of the system and what to begin
with when developing the system. I decided what information was needed and devised
means to get the information needed in the system developed.The best method was
selected at this stage.

3.3 Analysis Stage

I analysed the applications of Book store automation in the day to day life. I studied how
pharmacuatical systems work and how they were designed. I realised that though Book
store automation was successfully, Stock tracking had a lot of weaknesses.

3.3.1 Interviewing
I interviewed various people on the methods they are using to track the books. This was
done through asking questions verbally in an informal way to capture the real truth from
these people.
I then took note of the observations I made during these interviews.

3.3.2 Observation
From the interviews I carried out, I realized the following:

Majority of the people were using manual record tracking. They use their files
to keep the records of the stock they have in stores which is slow and tedious.

Very many bookstores use estimation to gage the stock that is remaining in the
store. This puts the Book store at a risk of selling losing customers.
These issues signaled a need to develop this system.
CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

4.0 Study of the current system

The current system is manual and it is not easy and fast as far as required by users in
terms of monitoring the system ,the users now use files ,books and on papers which is tire
some

4.1strength of the existing system

The existing system would track books in the store but tiresome and slow which
makes the system need replacement for better service delivery.

4.2Weakness of the existing system

The system is slow taking long to provide service the users
The existing stem is found of mistakes as it would not be easily correct every work is
Manuel

4.3 The proposed system

The automatic system was proposed that would work faster an efficiently

4.4 Design Stage

I identified the tools both hardware and software that were needed in the building of the
system. After anaylsis was carried out, I was able to know what was needed in the system
and we put it down on paper which is refered to as an abstract plan.
PHP was the programming language chosen for this design. This is because of its support
for fault tolerancy, scalability, hot code swapping and real timeliness.
MySQL Database Management System was chosed as the database management system
to use.This is because of it being open source and its user freindliness.

4.5 Implementation Stage

Implementation stage was the longest stage and development of the system through
coding of the system using various software and hardware was carried out. At this stage,
the abstract design was turned into a system through coding. At this stage the researcher
answered the specific objectives of developing the system. The development objectives
were achieved through the use of PHP programming language
4.6 Data flow diagram

Start

Login

Ispasswardcorrect?

No

Yes
Homepage

user Department

Book
4.6.1 User Requirements

4.6.2 Functional requirements

System was:

able to display a list of available books in the store database to the users
the capacity to handle expansion
user friendly interfaces and user guide understandable of average computer skills
Able to be maintained by persons of average computer skills with no knowledge
about software used

4.6.3 Non Functional Requirements

The system was fast enough to satisfy the users
The system was available at any time of the day so that updates of the books is
convenient
The system was maintained by an individual with average computer skills. Data
input, modifications and elementally logic streamlining was done using prepared
forms that was friendly and robust enough for the user too manage enough with
minimal possibilities of causing mistakes.
The system was appropriate minus from which the user will make selections for
the required functions.

4.6.4 System Requirements

Non Functional Requirements

Store and retrieve records of all transactions of the various books

Figure 1 Shows the system Model
CHAPTER FIVE

Presentation of Results/Findings

Wednesday, June 4th, 2014

Today: 4th Jun 2014

Su Mo Tu We Th F Sa
n n e d u ri t
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Enter username and password to
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 login
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 Username:
Password:
login

2014 Adit Book Shop

Login formFigure 2 Login If you are a new user you can contact the administrator to
register
Oscar Oscar Logout Wednesday, June 4th, 2014
 Oscar Oscar Logout Wednesday, June 4th, 2017

<< Back
STAFF LIST
Su M Tu W Th Fr Sa Users
n on e ed u i t Enter Staff details
All
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Printable version
Users
First Name:
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Category Telephone Action
Add Last Name:
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Users
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Telephone:
User
29 30
Categories Username: visitor 08888888 [edit

Password: 0776687572 [edit

Add
User Category Confirm Password:
Administrator 0776687572 [edit
Cha Category: select category

nge Password
Submit
Administrator 0773450660 [edit
Cancel

Departmen
ts FIRST ( Page 1 of 1 ) LAST

Dep
artments

Su M Tu W Th Fr SaAdd
nDepartment
on e ed u i t

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Books
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Add
book
15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28All
Available books
29 30
Today: 4th Jun 2014
2014 Adit Book Shop
2014 Adit Book Shop

Figure 3 Staff listed members that can login

Figure 4 Creating New user

Oscar Oscar Logout Wednesday, June 4th, 2014

Users Change Password

User Name Oscar Oscar

All
Old Password
Users
New Password
Add
Users Re-entre New
Password
User Clear Change Passw ord
Categories

Add
User Category

Change
Password

Departments

Depart
ments

Add
Department

Books

Add
book

All
Available books

Today: 4th Jun 2014

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30

2017 BMCK

Figure 5 shows how the user can change the passwprd

Oscar Oscar Logout Wednesday, June 4th, 2014

Welcome Oscar Oscar

Users Logins:
Profile:
All Last login: WELCOME TO ADIT BOOKSHOP
Users MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Change User Password

Add
Users

User
Categories

Add
User Category

Change
Password

Departments

Depart
ments

Add
Department

Books

Add
book

All
Available books
Today: 4th Jun 2014

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30

2017 bMCK

Figure 6home page after logingin

Oscar Oscar Logout Wednesday, June 4th, 2014

 << Back
Users
Enter Department details
All
Users
Department Name:

Add Description/Comment:
Users

User
Categories Telephone
Contact/extension:
Add Submit Cancel
User Category

Change
Password

Departments

Depart
ments

Add
Department

Books

Add
book

All
Available books

Today: 4th Jun 2014

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30

2014 Adit Book Shop

 Figure 7 Administrator editing department details

Figure 8 List of books available in stores

Figure 9 shows the available books
Recommendations
The soft wares that are necessary in designing graphic should be installed in
computer lab in order to enable students to develop systems without spending
much
Students in second year taking information technology should be taught how to
use different soft wares in developing systems.

Conclusion:
This Bookshop Automation System is an attempt to overcome the present inefficient and
time consuming process of locating, reserving and purchasing quality reading materials
available in the store. Currently, clients have to go through a time consuming process to
perform aforementioned tasks which cause waste of labor and firms resources. Through
our automated book store solution, we provide an easy way of searching, reserving and
purchasing of books.
User data are validated and checked for authenticity with the data stored in the system
database. All the newly coined processes will address time consuming, ineffective and
inefficient areas of the existing system which has being wasting a lot of firms resources
such as, labor, electricity, equipment, products and services, while discouraging
customers to make purchases and repelling clients from the book store.
Proposed system will support both clients and the store in many areas. Its worth
analyzing and identifying the benefits as it would directly influence the productivity of
the store.
Customer satisfaction plays the most vital role in any form of product and service
rendering store as the existence of any firm solely depends on its customer-base.
Therefore, every system should facilitate the customer satisfaction up to a certain extent
which is feasible from the company perspective.
The aforementioned facts ensure customer satisfaction to a greater extent benefiting the
store in:

Retaining current customers

Tempting current customers to attract their friends to the store

Attracting new customers

Enhancing the customer faith on the firm due to secure transaction techniques
while temping customers to make more online purchases

Identifying profitable customers

Identifying different categories of customers

 Making necessary alterations and plans to address broader range of customers

Identifying key areas of the inventory which need to be maintained at a healthy

stock limit

Analyzing trends to make more effective management decisions and development

of new strategies to increase profit
These particulars will make sure the broadening the customer base of the store which will
have good impact on the sales and revenue of the store.
Employee satisfaction also plays an influential role in healthy revenue levels of a firm.
Due to the proposed system, employees will have to handle minimum amount of
workload than that of the existing system which will help the employees to provide
optimal service to the firm while maintaining healthy physical and mental levels.
Proposed system will reduce transaction and agency cost of the store up to a certain
extent since the transactions are automated and need of minimal labor to handle work as
the their work has been governed by the system.
Even though these advantages prevail, due to lack of IT literacy and fluency of clients
and lack of distribution of internet facility will have a negative impact and it will take
some time to cover up the capital investment made on implementing the new system.
Since the technical facilities are expanding in great heaps, proposed system will facilitate
enhancing productivity immensely.

Appendix 2: Budget

ITEM QUANTITY UNIT AMOUNT(SHS

PRICE(SHS) )

1 Laptop 1 1500000 1200000

2 Flash disk 4GB 50000 50000

3 OTHERS

Airtime 80leaflets 2000 160000

Printing and Binding 300pgs 500 200000

Internet surfing time 4mnts 10000 100000

 miscelenious 1000000
tatal 3160000

Reference and Bibliography:

1. Australian Computer Society, 2003, ASC Code of Ethics. Retrieved March 15,
2007, from http://www.acs.org.au.htm
2. Elmasri, R. and Navathe, S. 2004. Enhanced Entity Relationship and UML. In
Fundamentals of Database Systems, 3rd Edition
3. Out Source 2 India n.d. :Why Do Software Projects Fail? Retrieved 22 March
2007 from http://www.outsource2india.com/software/SoftwareProjectFailure.asp
4. Six Sigma n.d. : Applying Six Sigma to Software Implementation Projects
Retrieved 22 March 2007 from
http://software.isixsigma.com/library/content/c040915b.asp
5. Sommerville, Ian 2004. Object Oriented Design Software Engineering, 7 th
Edition
6. Start your journey the easy way n.d : Retrieved 4th February 2007 from
http://www.liverpooljohnlennonairport.com/TravelServices/CarParking.php
7. Ramakrishnan, R. and Gehrke, J. 2003. The Relational Model In Database
Management Systems, 3rd Edition