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  • Statistics: Introduction: Definitions

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    murtaza5500
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    This document defines key terms used in statistics. It discusses the difference between populations and samples, parameters and statistics, descriptive and inferential statistics, qualitative and quantitative variables, different levels of measurement, and various sampling methods such as random sampling, systematic sampling, convenience sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. It provides definitions of core concepts in statistics.

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    Stat Introduction

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    Statistics Introduction

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    This document defines key terms used in statistics. It discusses the difference between populations and samples, parameters and statistics, descriptive and inferential statistics, qualitative and quantitative variables, different levels of measurement, and various sampling methods such as random sampling, systematic sampling, convenience sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. It provides definitions of core concepts in statistics.

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    Descărcați ca PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    9 vizualizări2 pagini

    Statistics: Introduction: Definitions

    Încărcat de

    murtaza5500
    This document defines key terms used in statistics. It discusses the difference between populations and samples, parameters and statistics, descriptive and inferential statistics, qualitative and quantitative variables, different levels of measurement, and various sampling methods such as random sampling, systematic sampling, convenience sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. It provides definitions of core concepts in statistics.

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    din 2

    3/24/2017 Statistics:Introduction

    Statistics:Introduction

    Definitions
    Statistics
    Collectionofmethodsforplanningexperiments,obtainingdata,andthenorganizing,summarizing,
    presenting,analyzing,interpreting,anddrawingconclusions.
    Variable
    Characteristicorattributethatcanassumedifferentvalues
    RandomVariable
    Avariablewhosevaluesaredeterminedbychance.
    Population
    Allsubjectspossessingacommoncharacteristicthatisbeingstudied.
    Sample
    Asubgrouporsubsetofthepopulation.
    Parameter
    Characteristicormeasureobtainedfromapopulation.
    Statistic(nottobeconfusedwithStatistics)
    Characteristicormeasureobtainedfromasample.
    DescriptiveStatistics
    Collection,organization,summarization,andpresentationofdata.
    InferentialStatistics
    Generalizingfromsamplestopopulationsusingprobabilities.Performinghypothesistesting,determining
    relationshipsbetweenvariables,andmakingpredictions.
    QualitativeVariables
    Variableswhichassumenonnumericalvalues.
    QuantitativeVariables
    Variableswhichassumenumericalvalues.
    DiscreteVariables
    Variableswhichassumeafiniteorcountablenumberofpossiblevalues.Usuallyobtainedbycounting.
    ContinuousVariables
    Variableswhichassumeaninfinitenumberofpossiblevalues.Usuallyobtainedbymeasurement.
    NominalLevel
    Levelofmeasurementwhichclassifiesdataintomutuallyexclusive,allinclusivecategoriesinwhichno
    orderorrankingcanbeimposedonthedata.
    OrdinalLevel
    Levelofmeasurementwhichclassifiesdataintocategoriesthatcanberanked.Differencesbetweenthe
    ranksdonotexist.
    IntervalLevel
    Levelofmeasurementwhichclassifiesdatathatcanberankedanddifferencesaremeaningful.However,
    thereisnomeaningfulzero,soratiosaremeaningless.
    RatioLevel
    Levelofmeasurementwhichclassifiesdatathatcanberanked,differencesaremeaningful,andthereisa
    truezero.Trueratiosexistbetweenthedifferentunitsofmeasure.
    RandomSampling
    Samplinginwhichthedataiscollectedusingchancemethodsorrandomnumbers.
    SystematicSampling
    Samplinginwhichdataisobtainedbyselectingeverykthobject.
    ConvenienceSampling
    Samplinginwhichdataiswhichisreadilyavailableisused.
    https://people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m170/ch01def.html 1/2
    3/24/2017 Statistics:Introduction

    StratifiedSampling
    Samplinginwhichthepopulationisdividedintogroups(calledstrata)accordingtosomecharacteristic.
    Eachofthesestrataisthensampledusingoneoftheothersamplingtechniques.
    ClusterSampling
    Samplinginwhichthepopulationisdividedintogroups(usuallygeographically).Someofthesegroups
    arerandomlyselected,andthenalloftheelementsinthosegroupsareselected.

    TableofContents

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