Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
RET 54_
Functional description of Configuration Solution for
4
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
5
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
1.1. Copyrights
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not
be construed as a commitment by ABB Oy. ABB Oy assumes no responsibility for
any errors that may appear in this document.
In no event shall ABB Oy be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or
consequential damages of any nature or kind arising from the use of this document,
nor shall ABB Oy be liable for incidental or consequential damages arising from use
of any software or hardware described in this document.
This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written
permission from ABB Oy, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third
party nor used for any unauthorized purpose.
The software or hardware described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used, copied, or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such
license.
Copyright 2005 ABB Oy
All rights reserved.
1.2. Trademarks
ABB is a registered trademark of ABB Group.
All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective holders.
1.3. General
This manual provides thorough information on the RET 54_ "Power transformer
with tap changer control and parallel operation with Minimizing Circulating Current
principle" configuration solution.
Although warning hazards are related to personal injury, and caution hazards are
associated with equipment or property damage, it should be understood that
operation of damaged equipment may, under certain operational conditions, result
in degraded process performance leading to personal injury or death. Therefore,
comply fully with all warning and caution notices.
1.4. Guarantee
Please inquire about the terms of guarantee from your nearest ABB representative.
6
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
Tool-specific manuals
CAP 505 Installation and Commissioning Manual 2) 1MRS751273-MEN
CAP 505 Operators Manual 2) 1MRS751709-MUM
CAP 501 Installation and Commissioning Manual 3) 1MRS751270-MEN
CAP 501 Operators Manual 3) 1MRS751271-MUM
CAP 505 Protocol Mapping Tool Operators Manual2) 1MRS755277
Relay Configuration Tool, Quick Start Reference 2) 1MRS751275-MEN
Relay Configuration Tool, Tutorial 2) 1MRS751272-MEN
Relay Mimic Editor, Configuration Manual 2) 1MRS751274-MEN
Tools for Relays and Terminals, Users Guide 1MRS752008-MUM
LNT 505 Installation and Commissioning Manual 1MRS751705-MUM
LNT 505 Operators Manual 1MRS751706-MUM
1)
Included on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, 1MRS750528
2) Included on the CD-ROM Relay Product Engineering Tools
3) Included on the CD-ROM Relay Setting Tools
7
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
1.6. Abbreviations
Abbreviation Description
CB Circuit Breaker
CBFP Circuit Breaker Failure Protection
CT Current transformer
DC Disconnector
HMI Human-Machine Interface
HV High Voltage
IDMT Inverse Definite Minimum Time
LV Low Voltage
MCC Minimizing Circulating Current
OLTC On Load Tap Changer
PO Power Output
POU Program Organization Unit
SO Signal Output
TCS Trip Circuit Supervision
VT Voltage Transformer
8
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
2. Safety information
9
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
3. Introduction
HV-SIDE
SWITCHGEAR etc.
Q2 Q1
M M M M M M
Q0
MF
MF MF
P1 P1
3 3
RET/3I
3 3
Q92 TCS
Q4 3 49T I0> 51N I0
LV 50N
Q9 o
T0 o
TW U
P1
P2
P2
P1
1
RET/1I
Q91
CBFP 62BF
Q3
LV 90
U
P2 P2
CBFP 62BF
3 3
3
RET/1U
3 HV
3 3
RET/3I
P1 P1
Q0
MF MF
Q2 Q1
LV-SIDE
SWITCHGEAR
RET_singleline3
RET_symbollist3
Fig. 3.1.-1 Single line diagram and symbol list of the described application
10
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
3.2. Features
3.2.1. Protection
The three-phase current differential protection is intended to be used for transformer
differential protection with stabilized and instantaneous stages.
The stabilized restricted earth-fault protection is intended to be used for internal
earth faults in transformer applications. The configuration includes one restricted
earth-fault function for the high voltage side of the transformer and one for the low
voltage side.
The three-phase overcurrent protection functions are intended to be used for single-
phase, two-phase or three-phase overcurrent protection. The two low-set stages can
be set to the IDMT (Inverse Definite Minimum Time) characteristic.
The earth-fault protection is intended to be used for non-directional earth-fault
protection. The configuration includes one non-directional earth-fault stage for the
transformer high voltage side and one for the low voltage side.
The three-phase thermal protection function is intended to be used for thermal
overload protection for transformers.
3.2.3. Control
The circuit breaker control function blocks are used for controlling the open and
close states of a circuit breaker. In the same way, the disconnector function blocks
are used for controlling the open and close states of a circuit breaker. The function
blocks also handle the interlocking logics. The open, close and undefined states of
an object can be indicated both remotely and locally.
The tap changer control function block is used for controlling the on load tap
changer, both manually and automatically. The disconnector function blocks can be
used as an interface between the tap changer control function and the HMI. In this
configuration the three state disconnector function is used for this purpose.
3.2.4. Measurement
The measurement function blocks are used to measure the three-phase currents and
neutral currents from the low and the high voltage sides, and the low voltage side
phase-to-phase voltage.
The transient disturbance recorder is used to record the current and voltage
waveforms, the status data of the internal logic signals, based on the
IEC 61131-3 standard, and the binary inputs connected to the relay terminals.
The maximum number of analog inputs is 16 and the maximum number of logic
signals is likewise 16.
11
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
3.3. Hardware
This configuration can be used with the Basic and Multi versions of the following
RET transformer terminal types:
RET543A_245AAAA
RET543A_245BAAA
RET543A_245CAAA
RET543A_245AAAB
RET543A_245BAAB
Note! If this configuration is to be used with any other RET transformer terminal
type, the hardware part of the configuration has to be changed.
12
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
13
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
14
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
4.1. Features
The front panel of the RET 54_ transformer terminal includes:
A graphic LCD display, with a resolution of 128 x 160 pixels, consisting of 19
rows divided into two windows: a main window (17 rows) and an assisting
window (2 rows)
A main window providing detailed information on the MIMIC, objects, events,
measurements, control alarms and parameters of the transformer terminal
An assisting window for indications/alarms and help messages related to the
transformer terminal
Three push buttons for object control
Eight freely programmable alarm LEDs with different colors depending on to the
configuration (off, green, yellow, red). The LEDs can be configured as blinking/
steady and latched/non-latched.
An interlocking LED for control and test mode indication
Three protection indication LEDs
An HMI push button section with four arrow buttons and buttons for Clear [C]
and Enter [E]
An optically isolated serial communication port for PC
Backlight and contrast control
One freely programmable button [F]
A control position button (L/R/Logic)
The HMI has two main levels: the user level and the technical level. The user level
is for measurements and monitoring, whereas the technical level is used for terminal
parameterization.
Graphical
LCD display
RET 541
Programmable LEDs
Object control buttons:
Close / Raise
Control test &
Q1
Q0 Open / Lower
Interlocking LED
0.0A
Q4
0POS Select
AVR PAR
AUT ON
Q9 0.0A
Freely programmable
button
15
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
Q91
0.0A
Q92
POS 0
AVR PAR
AUT ON
Q4
Q9 0.0A
0 . 0 kV
0 . 0 A Iob
RET_mimic_tap_paral3
symbol_disconnector
16
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
avr_selbutton
par_selbutton
4.3. Alarms
The function block MMIALAR_ handles the HMI alarm LEDs and forwards the
indications to the HMI alarm view. The activation and the acknowledgement of the
function block are controlled by logic signals. The LED indications can be selected
according to requirements. Alarms can be reset in the Alarm view, by pressing the
C button for a few seconds.
17
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
RET_LEDs3
18
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
5. Protection
This chapter describes the functions in the protection worksheets (Prot_1, Prot_2
and Prot_3), function by function. The task times for the protection Program
Organization Units (POUs) are as follows:
(Prot_1) POU, 5 ms
(Prot_2) POU, 10 ms
(Prot_3) POU, 40 ms
5.1.1.1. Features
The configuration includes the Diff6T three-phase current differential protection
with stabilized and instantaneous stages providing winding short-circuit protection
for two-winding transformers.
Blocking based on the ratio of the second harmonic and the fundamental
frequency component of the differential current prevents unwanted operations at
transformer inrush currents.
Blocking based on the ratio of the fifth harmonic and the fundamental component
of the differential current prevents operation in harmless situations of transformer
overexcitation - blocking can be eliminated if the ratio of the fifth harmonic and
the fundamental component increases at dangerously high overvoltages.
Separately adjustable instantaneous stage based on instantaneous values of
differential currents - instantaneous stage cannot be blocked by the second or the
fifth harmonic restraint.
The differential and stabilizing currents are calculated for every phase on basis of
the fundamental frequency components of the currents.
Short operating times at faults occurring in the zone to be protected (internal
faults), even with partially saturated current transformers.
Automatic adaptation to tap changer position changes.
19
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
Diff6T_1
Diff6T
REAL_TO_SINT IL1 IL1 TRIP Diff6T_TRIP
RTD1_6_AI1 IL2 IL2 STATUS
IL3 IL3 CBFP Diff6T_CBFP
IL1b IL1b
IL2b IL2b
SWGRP1_1
SWGRP1 IL3b IL3b
BIO1_5_BI9 IN1 OUT1 BS_STAB
IN2 OUT2 BS_INST
IN3 OUT3 TRIGG
IN4 OUT4 GROUP
IN5 OUT5 TAP_POS
IN6 OUT6 RESET
IN7 OUT7
IN8 OUT8 TAP_POS
GROUP CHKSUM
Diff_conf3
5.1.2.1. Features
The restricted low-impedance earth-fault protection function is intended for two-
winding power transformers. The function is based on the numerical stabilized
differential current principle. The restricted earth-fault protection stage operates
exclusively on earth faults occurring in the protected area, i.e. in the area between
the phase and neutral current transformers. An earth fault in this area appears as a
differential current between the residual current of the phase currents and the neutral
current of the conductor between the star-point of the transformer and earth. The
relay measures a differential current as the difference between the residual current
of the phase currents and neutral current. The earth-fault protection is biased with
the load current, therefore no external stabilizing resistor is required. Unwanted
operation at transformer magnetizing inrush situations is prevented by blocking
based on the ratio between the second harmonic and the fundamental frequency
component of the neutral current.
20
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
Low impedance e/f protection for HV side Low impedance e/f protection for LV side
REF4A_1 REF4B_1
REF4A REF4B
IL1b IL1b START REF4A_START IL1b IL1b START REF4B_START
IL2b IL2b TRIP REF4A_TRIP IL2b IL2b TRIP REF4B_TRIP
IL3b IL3b CBFP REF4A_CBFP IL3b IL3b CBFP REF4B_CBFP
Io Io Iob
BLOCK BLOCK
GROUP GROUP
RESET RESET
REF4AB_prot
5.2.1.1. Features
The configuration includes the three-phase transformer inrush detection function
block Inrush3. This function block can be used to double the set start current of an
overcurrent stage in a transformer magnetizing inrush situation.
Inrush3_1
Inrush3
IL1 IL1 START
IL2 IL2 ERR
IL3 IL3
GROUP
RESET
Inrush3
5.2.2.1. Features
The three-phase non-directional overcurrent function blocks are designed to be used
for non-directional two-phase and three-phase overcurrent and short-circuit
protection whenever the DT characteristic or, as concerns NOC3Low and
NOC3LowB, the IDMT characteristic is appropriate.
21
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
Suppression of harmonics is possible. The operation of the stage can be based on two
alternative measuring principles: the average value of consecutive instantaneous
peak-to-peak values or the numerically calculated fundamental frequency
component of the short-circuit current. A delayed trip output for the circuit breaker
failure protection (CBFP) function is available.
NOC3Inst_1 NOC3High_1
NOC3Inst NOC3High
IL1 IL1 BSOUT IL1b IL1 BSOUT
IL2 IL2 START NOC3Inst_START IL2b IL2 START NOC3High_START
IL3 IL3 TRIP NOC3Inst_TRIP IL3b IL3 TRIP NOC3High_TRIP
BS1 CBFP NOC3Inst_CBFP BS1 CBFP NOC3High_CBFP
BS2 ERR BS2 ERR
TRIGG TRIGG
GROUP GROUP
DOUBLE DOUBLE
BSREG BSREG
RESET RESET
NOC3Low_1 NOC3LowB_1
NOC3Low NOC3LowB
IL1 IL1 START NOC3Low_START IL1b IL1 START NOC3LowB_START
IL2 IL2 TRIP NOC3Lowh_TRIP IL2b IL2 TRIP NOC3LowB_TRIP
IL3 IL3 CBFP NOC3Low_CBFP IL3b IL3 CBFP NOC3LowB_CBFP
BS1 ERR BS1
BS2 BS2
TRIGG TRIGG
GROUP GROUP
DOUBLE DOUBLE
BSREG BSREG
RESET RESET
overcurrent_prot3
Fig. 5.2.2.2.-1 Overcurrent functions for the HV side (left) and for the LV side
(right)
The configuration includes four three-phase non-directional overcurrent function
blocks: NOC3LowB, NOC3Low, NOC3High and NOC3Inst. Inverse-time
operation is only available to the low-set stages (NOC3Low and NOC3LowB).
The phase currents from the HV side of the transformer are connected to the inputs
of NOC3Inst and NOC3Low. The phase currents from the LV side are connected to
the inputs of NOC3High and NOC3LowB. The activation of the Inrush3 function
block doubles the setting value of the each overcurrent function block.
All protection trip signals are connected to the high-speed output relay via
switchgroups 3, 4, 5 and 6. In addition, the trip signals are connected to a common
signal output relay for alarm purposes.
The circuit breaker failure protection outputs are connected to a common output
relay via switchgroups 7, 8 and 9.
The disturbance recorder can be triggered by the trip and/or start signals of the
protection functions.
All the protection trip signals are transferred to the POU (prot_1) where they are
connected to output relays via a switchgroup.
22
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
5.2.3.1. Features
The non-directional earth-fault protection function blocks are designed for non-
directional earth-fault protection whenever the DT characteristic or, as concerns
NEF1Low, the IDMT characteristic is appropriate.
Suppression of harmonics is possible. The operation of the function block is based
on two alternative measuring principles: the average value of consecutive
instantaneous peak-to-peak values or the numerically calculated fundamental
frequency component of the neutral current. The measuring mode is selected by
means of an HMI parameter or a serial communication parameter. A delayed trip
output for the CBFP function is available.
NEF1High_1
NEF1High
Io Io START NEF1High_START
BS1 TRIP NEF1High_TRIP
BS2 CBFP NEF1High_CBFP
TRIGG ERR
GROUP
BSREG
RESET
NEF1Low_1
NEF1Low
Iob Io START NEF1Low_START
BS1 TRIP NEF1Low_TRIP
BS2 CBFP NEF1Low_CBFP
TRIGG ERR
GROUP
BSREG
RESET
nondir_earthfault3
23
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
The disturbance recorder can be triggered by the trip and/or the start signals of the
protection functions.
5.2.4.1. Features
The transient disturbance recorder MEDREC16 can record 16 signal types of the
analog channels of the relay and the status values of the digital input signals
connected to the inputs BI1...BI16. The recordings can be uploaded with a
DR_Collector tool, which converts the data to COMTRADE format.
Main features
Recording capability of up to 16 current or voltage waveforms and 16 logic
digital signals
The length of a recording is settable in a range determined by the amount of
memory available and the number of analog inputs used
The number of recordings depends on the sampling frequency, length of
recordings and number of analog inputs
The recording can be triggered by one or several of the alternatives listed below:
triggering on the rising or falling edge of any (or several) of the digital inputs
triggering on an adjustable level of overcurrent, overvoltage or undervoltage
manual triggering via HMI
triggering via serial communication or via a parameter
periodic triggering
Adjustable pre-triggering time for pre-fault analysis
The recorder has three operation modes: saturation, overwrite and extension
24
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
MEDREC16_1
MEDREC16
IL1 IL1 TRG
IL2 IL2 NUM_RECS
IL3 IL3 ERR
Io Io
Iob Iob
Uo
U1
U2
U3
U12
U23
U31
U12b U12b
IL1b IL1b
IL2b IL2b
IL3b IL3b
Diff6T_TRIP BI1
OR
NOC3Inst_START BI2
NOC3High_START NOC3Inst_TRIP BI3
NOC3High_TRIP BI4
OR
NOC3Low_START BI5
NOC3LowB_START NOC3Low_TRIP BI6
NOC3LowB_TRIP BI7
NEF1High_START BI8
NEF1High_TRIP BI9
OR
REF4A_START NEF1Low_START BI10
REF4B_START NEF1Low_TRIP BI11
BI12
OR
REF4A_TRIP BI13
REF4B_TRIP TOL3Dev_START BI14
TOL3Dev_TRIP BI15
OR
Diff6T_CBFP BI16
REF4A_CBFP UINT#65535 BI_USED
REF4B_CBFP F001V021 EXT_TRIG
TOL3Dev_CBFP RESET
NEF1High_CBFP
NEF1Low_CBFP
NOC3Inst_CBFP
NOC3Low_CBFP
NOC3High_CBFP
NOC3LowB_CBFP
disturbance_rec3
25
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
5.3.1.1. Features
The three-phase thermal overload protection function block TOL3Dev is used for
thermal protection of three-phase transformers. It has adjustable percentual
temperature limits for tripping, prior alarm and reclose inhibit. The thermal model
applied uses two time constants and the true RMS current measuring principle.
TOL3Dev_1
TOL3Dev
IL1 IL1 START TOL3Dev_START
IL2 IL2 TRIP TOL3Dev_TRIP
IL3 IL3 CBFP TOL3Dev_CBFP
RTD1_6_AI5 SENSOR1 BLOCK_OUT
SENSOR2 TEMP_ROTOR
RTD1_6_AI5IV SENS_IV TEMP_STATOR
TOL_BLOCK BLOCK COOL_TIME
TRIGG TRIP_TIME
RESET EN_RESTART
SENSERR
thermal3
26
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
5.4. Switchgroups 1 9
Nine switchgroups are used in the protection configuration POU(Prot_1) to provide
flexibility for the user. Below is a detailed description of the switchgroups:
5.4.1. Switchgroup 1
Blocking of the stabilized and instantaneous stages of the differential protection
function and of the restricted low-impedance earth-fault function.
Table 5.4.1-1 Switchgroup 1
Input Description Output Description
IN1 BIO1_5_BI9 OUT1 Blocking of stabilized stage of Diff6T
IN2 BIO1_5_BI9 OUT2 Blocking of instantaneous stage of Diff6T
IN3 BIO1_5_BI9 OUT3 Blocking of REF4A operation
IN4 BIO1_5_BI9 OUT4 Blocking of REF4B operation
IN5 Not in use OUT5
IN6 Not in use OUT6
IN7 Not in use OUT7
IN8 Not in use OUT8
5.4.2. Switchgroup 2
Blocking of the overcurrent, earth fault, negative phase sequence and thermal
overload protections.
Table 5.4.2-1 Switchgroup 2
Input Description Output Description
IN1 BIO1_5_BI10 OUT1 Blocking of HV overcurrent NOC3Inst
IN2 BIO1_5_BI10 OUT2 Blocking of HV overcurrent NOC3Low
IN3 BIO1_5_BI11 OUT3 Blocking of LV overcurrent NOC3High
IN4 BIO1_5_BI11 OUT4 Blocking of LV overcurrent NOC3LowB
IN5 BIO1_5_BI11 OUT5 Blocking of HV earth fault NEF1High,
NEF1Low
IN6 BIO1_5_BI11 OUT6 Blocking of Thermal overload TOL3Dev
IN7 Not in use OUT7
IN8 Not in use OUT8
5.4.3. Switchgroup 3
Trip signal selector for the HV side circuit breaker
Table 5.4.3-1 Switchgroup 3
Input Description Output Description
IN1 Trip signal from Diff6T OUT1 PS1_4_HSPO1 (TRIP to HV side)
IN2 Trip signal from NOC3Inst OUT2 Same as above
IN3 Trip signal from NOC3High OUT3 Same as above
IN4 Trip signal from NOC3Low OUT4 Same as above
IN5 Trip signal from NOC3LowB OUT5 Same as above
IN6 Trip signal from NEF1High OUT6 Same as above
IN7 Trip signal from NEF1Low OUT7 Same as above
IN8 Trip signal from TOL3Dev OUT8 Same as above
27
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
5.4.4. Switchgroup 4
Trip signal selector for the HV side circuit breaker
Table 5.4.4-1 Switchgroup 4
Input Description Output Description
IN1 Trip signal from REF4A OUT1 PS1_4_HSPO1 (TRIP to HV side)
IN2 Trip signal from REF4B OUT2 Same as above
IN3 Not in use OUT3
IN4 Not in use OUT4
IN5 Not in use OUT5
IN6 Not in use OUT6
IN7 Not in use OUT7
IN8 Not in use OUT8
5.4.5. Switchgroup 5
Trip signal selector for the LV side circuit breaker
Table 5.4.5-1 Switchgroup 5
Input Description Output Description
IN1 Trip signal from Diff6T OUT1 PS1_4_HSPO2 (TRIP to LV side)
IN2 Trip signal from NOC3Inst OUT2 Same as above
IN3 Trip signal from NOC3High OUT3 Same as above
IN4 Trip signal from NOC3Low OUT4 Same as above
IN5 Trip signal from NOC3LowB OUT5 Same as above
IN6 Trip signal from NEF1High OUT6 Same as above
IN7 Trip signal from NEF1Low OUT7 Same as above
IN8 Trip signal from TOL3Dev OUT8 Same as above
5.4.6. Switchgroup 6
Trip signal selector for the LV side circuit breaker
Table 5.4.6-1 Switchgroup 6
Input Description Output Description
IN1 Trip signal from REF4A OUT1 PS1_4_HSPO2 (TRIP to LV side)
IN2 Trip signal from REF4B OUT2 Same as above
IN3 Not in use OUT3
IN4 Not in use OUT4
IN5 Not in use OUT5
IN6 Not in use OUT6
IN7 Not in use OUT7
IN8 Not in use OUT8
28
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
5.4.7. Switchgroup 7
CBFP signal selector to the HV side
Table 5.4.7-1 Switchgroup 7
Input Description Output Description
IN1 CBFP signal from Diff6T OUT1 PS1_4_HSPO4 (CBFP to HV side)
IN2 CBFP signal from NOC3Inst OUT2 Same as above
IN3 CBFP signal from NOC3High OUT3 Same as above
IN4 CBFP signal from NOC3Low OUT4 Same as above
IN5 CBFP signal from NOC3LowB OUT5 Same as above
IN6 CBFP signal from NEF1High OUT6 Same as above
IN7 CBFP signal from NEF1Low OUT7 Same as above
IN8 CBFP signal from TOL3Dev OUT8 Same as above
5.4.8. Switchgroup 8
CBFP signal selector to the HV and the LV side.
Table 5.4.8-1 Switchgroup 8
Input Description Output Description
IN1 CBFP signal from REF4A OUT1 PS1_4_HSPO4 (CBFP to HV side)
IN2 CBFP signal from REF4B OUT2 Same as above
IN3 CBFP signal from REF4A OUT3 PS1_4_HSPO5 (CBFP to LV side)
IN4 CBFP signal from REF4B OUT4 Same as above
IN5 Not in use OUT5
IN6 Not in use OUT6
IN7 Not in use OUT7
IN8 Not in use OUT8
5.4.9. Switchgroup 9
CBFP signal selector to the LV side
Table 5.4.9-1 Switchgroup 9
Input Description Output Description
IN1 CBFP signal from Diff6T OUT1 PS1_4_HSPO5 (CBFP to LV side)
IN2 CBFP signal from NOC3Inst OUT2 Same as above
IN3 CBFP signal from NOC3High OUT3 Same as above
IN4 CBFP signal from NOC3Low OUT4 Same as above
IN5 CBFP signal from NOC3LowB OUT5 Same as above
IN6 CBFP signal from NEF1High OUT6 Same as above
IN7 CBFP signal from NEF1Low OUT7 Same as above
IN8 CBFP signal from TOL3Dev OUT8 Same as above
29
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
6. Control
This chapter describes the functions in the control (Cont) worksheet, function by
function. The task time for the control POU is 40 ms.
The control functions used in this configuration are circuit breaker and disconnector
control and indication as well as on load tap changer control and indication.
6.1.1. Features
The function block CODC_ can be used for controlling the open and close states of
a disconnector or an earthing switch. The function block also incorporates user-
defined interlocking logics and has guaranteed opening and closing pulse widths.
The function block can indicate the open, close and undefined states of an object
both remotely and locally.
Disconnector Q4 control
CODC3_1
CODC3
OPEN OOPEN BIO2_7_PO5
TRUE OPENENA OCLOSE BIO2_7_PO6
CLOSE AOPEN
TRUE CLOSEENA ACLOSE
BIO1_5_BI5 BINOPEN RESERVE
BIO1_5_BI6 BINCLOSE
IV
OR
BIO1_5_BI5IV ACK
BIO1_5_BI6IV BLOCK
DC_control3
30
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
The configuration includes the function blocks, which are used for opening and
closing of the earthing switches Q91, Q92 and the disconnector Q4.
The disconnector open and close status data is connected to the BINOPEN and
BINCLOSE inputs. Validity data of binary inputs, indicating the disconnector state,
is connected to the IV input. Invalidity state of input is also used to prevent
malfunction of blocking if some input would be e.g. oscillating.
Before the commissioning of this configuration, you must check that the
! bay-oriented interlocking is suitable for the specified application.
High voltage side free means here, that there is no voltage present at the primary
circuits or that the primary circuits are not earthed at the high voltage side.
Low voltage side free means here, that there is no voltage present at the primary
circuits or that the primary circuits are not earthed at the low voltage side.
31
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
6.2.1. Features
The voltage regulator function COLTC is intended for regulating the voltage of
power transformers with on load tap changers in distribution substations. The
purpose of the regulator is to maintain stable secondary voltage of the power
transformer. The basis for this is the reference voltage, which is set by the user.
BIO2_7_BI9
SWGRP15_1
SWGRP15
IN1 OUT1
IN2 OUT2
IN3 OUT3
IN4 OUT4
COMM_IN1
From LON horizontal communication COMM_IN2
Fig. 6.2.2.-1 Configuration of the on load tap changer control function for the Minimizing Circulating
Current (MCC) principle
The reference voltage, U12b is measured from the transformer low voltage side.
Three phase currents are measured from both the LV and the HV side.
The position indication of the own tap changer is measured in the Prot_1 program
and connected to the control program as a variable. The position is also visible in the
mimic view via MMIDATA5.
The manual operation of the tap changer is done via the CO3DC function block.
Although the CO3DC function block is intended to be used to control three state
disconnectors, it can with some restrictions also be used for manual tap changer
32
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
operation. The earth and free states are blocked and only open and close states are
available. When the RAISE_OWN or LOWER_OWN signals activates, the
corresponding SR flip-flop is set. This gives the lower or raise indication as an
arrow beside the transformer symbol in the MIMIC view. If the tap changer operates
and the TCO input is connected, the flip-flop resets after the TCO signal goes down.
If the TCO signal is not connected, the flip-flop resets immediately after the set
signal goes down. The indication of tap changer operation is also connected to a
MIMIC LED via MMIALAR8.
The COSW1 function block is used for switching the manual or automatic mode
from the MIMIC. Manual and auto modes can also be set by binary inputs.
Setting an integer value to the RSV-input activates the reduction. Setting this input
to 1 means that a set target voltage value is decreased by 1 x "RSV step (V)".
Correspondingly, setting the value to 2 results in a reduction 2 x "RSV step (V)" etc.
The decreased value is kept as a target value as long as a non-zero value is present
in the RSV-input. This configuration is made in a way, that the coefficient, i.e. the
integer value, can be set to setting group 2 of switchgroup 15. Setting group 1 of
switchgroup 15 should left at zero. The group select setting of switchgroup 15
should be group input. As a result of this, when the binary input BIO2_7_BI6
activates, the RSV input of the COLTC contains the same integer value as in setting
group 2 of switchgroup 15. Furthermore, when the binary input deactivates, the RSV
input should contain the value zero.
When the Minimizing Circulating Current principle is used as the parallel operation
method between RET terminals, the LON horizontal communication is used as a
media. Each terminal operating in parallel mode, sends its own information of
measured primary current amplitude and angle to the other terminals. The COLTC
function enables up to four parallel transformers when using the MCC principle. The
LON horizontal communication should be configured as network bindings in the
LON Network Tool (LNT505). The next figure shows an example on how the
amplitude and angle information of the primary currents can be configured between
terminals.
The lower and raise commands for the own tap changer are connected to signal
outputs.
The output OPER_MODE is of UINT type. When the value of output is greater than
or equal to two, the tap changer control function COLTC is in automatic mode. This
information is connected to a signal output.
33
34
RET 54_
Fig. 6.2.2.-2
COMM_ANGL COMM_OUT2 COMM_ANGL COMM_OUT2 COMM_ANGL COMM_OUT2 COMM_ANGL COMM_OUT2
MCC principle
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
LON_comm_MMC
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
7. Measurement
This chapter describes the functions in the measurement (Meas) worksheet, function
by function. The task time for the Measurement POU is 40 ms.
The measurement functions used in this configuration are: HV side three-phase
current, LV side three-phase current, HV side neutral current, LV side neutral
current and LV side phase-phase voltage. The transformer oil temperature (top and
bottom) and the winding temperature are also measured.
7.1.1. Features
The three-phase current measurement function block measures the true RMS phase
currents; i.e. harmonics are not suppressed. Actual phase current values are
displayed in amperes and as p.u. values. The function block includes maximum and
minimum current demand supervision with adjustable time intervals. Limit value
monitoring can be used for each phase current with up to four adjustable limits.
phasecurrent_meas
35
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
The three phase currents from the high voltage side are connected to the inputs IL1,
IL2 and IL3 and those from the low voltage side to the inputs IL1b, IL2b and IL3b.
The maximum values of the phase currents are displayed in the MIMIC view of the
transformer terminal. All three currents measured can be monitored in the
measurement view.
7.2.1. Features
The neutral current measurement function block measures the true RMS current, i.e.
harmonics are not suppressed. The actual current value is displayed in amperes and
as p.u. values. Limit value monitoring can be used with two adjustable limits.
MECU1A_1
MECU1A
Io Io IoMEAS
RESET HighWarning
HighAlarm
ERR
HV_neutral_current
MMIDATA4_1
MECU1B_1 MMIDATA4
MECU1B TRUE ON
Iob Iob IoMEAS DATA
RESET HighWarning
HighAlarm
ERR
LV_neutral_current
7.3.1. Features
The phase-to-phase voltage measurement function measures the true RMS phase-to-
earth or phase-to-phase voltages. Actual voltage values are displayed in volts and as
p.u. values. Limit value monitoring can be used for each voltage with up to four
adjustable limits.
36
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
MMIDATA3_1
MEVO3B_1 MMIDATA3
MEVO3B TRUE ON
U12b UL1_U12 UL1_U12MEAS DATA
UL2_U23 UL2_U23MEAS
UL3_U31 UL3_U31MEAS
RESET HighWarning
HighAlarm
LowWarning
LowAlarm
ERR
LV_primary_voltage
37
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
7.4.1. Features
Supervision based on temperature measurement is used for condition monitoring of
the transformer oil and winding. It is configured by using the three general
measurement inputs of the RTD module.
temperature_meas
38
1MRS755531 Transformer Terminal RET 54_
Power transformer with tap changer and parallel operation
8. Condition Monitoring
This chapter describes the functions in the condition monitoring (CondMon)
worksheets, function by function. The task time for the condition monitoring POU
is 100 ms.
The condition monitoring functions used in this configuration are trip circuit
supervision for both the HV and the LV sides.
8.1.1. Features
The trip coil control and measuring circuits are continuously supervised regarding
interruptions. In case of an interruption, an alarm is issued. The function block does
not perform the supervision itself but it is used as an aid for configuration. The
functional part belongs mainly to the self-supervision tasks of the PS_ card.
It should be noticed that for reliable operation, only one trip circuit supervision
function can be located into the corresponding trip circuit.
If the interrupted trip circuit alarm is unwanted under controlled circumstances, a
free binary input can be used to indicate an open truck. This binary input shall then
be connected to the BS input of the CMTCS function block. This procedure requires
the configuration to be modified.
TCS
39
RET 54_ Transformer Terminal 1MRS755531
8.2.1. Features
Condition monitoring of alarms includes functions to supervise faults and alarms in
primary components like the power transformers. Especially the primary protective
devices of the power transformers are monitored.
MMIALAR1_1
MMIALAR1
BIO2_7_BI1 ON AALARM
Transformer gas relay(buchholz) tripped
ACK
MMIALAR2_1
MMIALAR2
BIO2_7_BI2 ON AALARM
Transformer thermal relay tripped
ACK
MMIALAR3_1
MMIALAR3
BIO2_7_BI3 ON AALARM
Transformer oil level relay tripped
ACK
MMIALAR4_1
MMIALAR4
BIO2_7_BI4 ON AALARM
Transformer pressure relay tripped
ACK
MMIALAR5_1
MMIALAR5
ON AALARM
Trip circuit fault
ACK
OR
TRAFO_PROT_SUM_ALARM
mimic_alarms3
40
1MRS755531 EN 01.2005
ABB Oy
Distribution Automation
P.O. Box 699
FI-65101 Vaasa
FINLAND
Tel. +358 10 22 11
Fax. +358 10 224 1094
www.abb.com/substationautomation