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E125 63 (2008)
TABLE 1 Types of Discontinuities
Type Type of Discontinuity Degree Figure No.A Definition
I Linear discontinuities (hot tears and 1 I-1a, I-1b and I-1c Ragged lines of variable width. May appear as a single jagged
cracks) line or exist in groups. They may or may not have a definite
line of continuity. They usually originate at the casting
surface and generally become smaller as they go deeper.
I-2a, I-2b and I-2c
2 I-3a, I-3b and I-3c
I-4a, I-4b and I-4c
3 I-5a, I-5b and I-5c
5
(3 examples each)
II Shrinkage 1 to 5 II-1, II-2, II-3, II-4 and II-5 Appears as a jagged area or irregular patches. Shrinkage is a
subsurface discontinuity that may be brought to the surface
by machining or other methods of metal removal.
III Inclusions 1 to 5 III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4 and Isolated, irregular or elongated variations of magnetic particles
III-5 occurring singly, in a linear distribution or scattered at ran-
dom in feathery streaks. The indications are the result of
the presence of sand, slag or oxides in the surface metal.
IV Internal chills and unfused chaplets 1 to 5 IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4 and A uniform line or band outlining the object and indicating lack
IV-5 of fusion between the metal object and the casting.
V Porosity 2 examples V-1 and V-2 Appears as rounded and elongated clusters of magnetic par-
ticles of various sizes; scattered at random.
5.4 The limiting size and shape of the unit area to be regard to depth or extent of the interior nature of the discon-
examined shall be established by the applicable code or by tinuity must be based on exploration by other test methods.
mutual agreement of the manufacturer and the purchaser.
When more than one type of discontinuity appears in the 6. Keywords
specified area, agreement on this situation should be estab- 6.1 discontinuities; ferrous castings; indications; magnetic
lished. particle indications; magnetic particle examination; magnetic
5.5 These indications, generally, represent evidence of sur- particle inspection; photographs; reference photographs; steel
face discontinuities and any deductions or conclusions with castings
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E125 63 (2008)
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Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Thu Feb 2 16:12:20 EST 2012
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