SMK TENGKU AFZAN

Q - CHECK

BIOLOGY FORM 4

BIOLOGY Pn.Irostina Bt Ismail

DATE
4A 4B Remar
ks
Chapter 1.1Understanding cell structure and function
1 a. Draw and label an animal cell and plant cell
b. Identify and state the function of the cellular
Cell
components of cell
Structure c. Compare and contrast an animal cell and a plant
And cell
Function d. Relate the density of certain organelles with the
functions of specific cells
1.2Understanding cell organisation
a. Describe cell specialisation in multicellular
organisms
b. Describe cell organisation in the formation of
tissues, organs and systems in multicellular
organisms
c. Identify factors affecting the internal environment
and the necessity to maintain optimal internal
environment
d. Describe the involvement of various systems in
maintaining optimal internal environment
1.3Appreciating the uniqueness of the cell
a. Illustrate that most cells are specialised for the job
that they perform
Chapter 2.1 Analysing of movement of substances across the
2 plasma membrane
Moveme a. Explain the necessity for movement of substances
nt Of across the plasma membrane
b. Describe the permeability of the plasma membrane
Substanc c. Explain the movement of substances across the
es Across plasma membrane through the process of passive
The transport, osmosis and active transport
Plasma d. Explain the process of passive transport and active
Membran transport in living organisms using examples
e. Compare and contrast passive transport and active
e
transport
2.2 Understanding the movement of substances
across the plasma membrane in everyday life
a. Explain the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and
isotonic solutions on plant cell and animal cell
b. Explain plasmolysis, deplasmolysis, haemolysis and
crenation
c. Design an experiment to determine the
concentration of external solution which is isotonic
to cell sap

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 d. Make an inference on the concentration of cell sap
in plant tissues
e. Relate the movement of substances across plasma
membrane with concentration gradient
f. Explain the phenomenon of wilting in plants using
examples
g. Explain the preservation of food using examples

2.3 Appreciating the movement of substances across

the plasma membrane
a. Explain the necessity of movement of substances
across the plasma membrane which occurs in a
continuous and controlled manner for survival of a
cell
Chapter 3.1 Understanding the chemical composition of the
3 cell
Chemical a. Explain the importance of organic compounds in the
Composit cell
b. Explain the importance of water in the cell
ion Of 3.2Understanding carbohydrates
The Cell a. State the elements in carbohydrates and the types
of carbohydrates
b. Explain the formation and breakdown of
disaccharides and polysaccharides
3.3Understanding proteins
a. State the elements and the various structures of
proteins
b. Explain the formation and breakdown of dipeptides
and polypeptides
c. Explain the meaning of essential amino acids and
non-
essential amino acids
3.4Understanding Lipids
a. State the elements and the main types of lipids
b. State the components and the formation of fats and
oils
c. Compare and contrast saturated fats and
unsaturated fats
3.5 Understanding enzymes
a. List the general characteristics of enzymes
b. Explain the involvement of specific organelles in the
production of extracellular enzymes
c. Explain the effects of pH , temperature, enzyme
concentration and substrate concentration on
enzyme activity
d. Explain the uses of enzyme in daily life and industry
using examples
3.6 Realising the importance of the chemical
composition in cells
a. Predict the consequences of deficiency in
carbohydrates, protein, lipids or enzymes in the cell
Chapter 4.1 Understanding mitosis
4 Cell a. State the significance of mitosis
b. Identify the phases in the cell cycle
Division
c. Explain the process of mitosis and cytokinesis

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 d. Arrange the various stages of mitosis in the correct
sequence
e. Compare and contrast mitosis and cytokinesis in
animal cell and plant cell
f. Explain the importance of controlled mitosis and
effects of uncontrolled mitosis in living things
g. Describe the application of knowledge on mitosis in
cloning, advantages and disadvantages of cloning
4.2 Understanding Meiosis
a. State the significance of meiosis
b. Identify the type of cell that undergoes meiosis
c. Explain the process of meiosis
d. Arrange the various stages of meiosis in the correct
order
e. Compare and contrast meiosis I and meiosis II
f. Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis
4.3 Appreciating the movement of chromosomes
during mitosis and meiosis
a. Describe what will happen when the movement of
chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis do not
occur in an orderly manner
Chapter 5.1 Understanding types of nutrition
5 a. Classify organisms according to the types of
Nutrition nutrition
5.2 Applying the concept of balanced diet
a. Explain the necessity for a balanced diet
b. Explain the factors affecting the daily energy
requirement of the human body
c. Determine the energy value in food samples
d. Determine the nutrient content in different food
samples
e. Explain the functions and sources of vitamins,
minerals, roughage and water in a diet to maintain
health
5.3 Understanding malnutrition
a. Explain the effects of malnutrition using examples
Describe ways to reduce the effects of certain
health problems
5.4 Analysing food digestion
a. Explain the necessity for digestion of complex
substances
b. Draw and label the human digestive system
c. Describe the functions of the digestive juices and
substances
d. Explain the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins
and lipids in the human body
e. Identify parts of digestive system in ruminants and
rodents involved in the digestion of cellulose
f. Describe the digestion of cellulose in ruminants and
rodents
g. Design experiments to study the digestion of starch
and proteins in food samples
h. Describe problems related to food digestion
5.5 Understanding the processes of absorption and

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assimilation of digested food
a. Draw and label structure of a villus
b. Explain the processes of absorption in the villus
c. Explain the absorption of water and minerals in
the colon
d. Describe the transport of nutrients by the
circulatory system for assimilation
Explain the main functions of the liver
e. Describe the process of assimilation
5.6 Understanding the formation of faeces and
defecation
a. Identify the part of the digestive system where the
formation of faeces takes place
b. Describe the formation of faeces
c. Explain the role of microorganisms in the colon
and the effect of antibiotics on them
d. Explain what defecation is
e. Explain the importance of defecation
f. Explain the importance of high fibre diets
g. Describe the problems related to defecation
5.7 Evaluating eating habits
a. Relate eating habits with health problems
b. Evaluate critically whether a particular eating habit
is good or bad
5.8 Realising the importance of a healthy digestive
system
a. Predict the effects of a defective digestive system
on health
b. Take care of the digestive system for ones well-
being
5.9 Understanding the importance of macronutrients
and micronutrients in plants
a. List elements required by plants
b. Classify elements required by plants based on the
amount needed
c. Design an experiment to study the effects of
macronutrient deficiency in plants
d. Relate the effects of macronutrient deficiency with
the function of macronutrients
e. Explain the function of each macronutrient in plants
f. State the function of micronutrients in plants
g. State the effects of micronutrient deficiency in
plants

5.10 Understanding photosynthesis

a. Describe the development that leads to the
discovery of photosynthesis
b. State the substances required for photosynthesis
c. State the substances produced from
photosynthesis
d. Draw and label the cross-section of a leaf
e. State the function of each part of the leaf with
respect to photosynthesis
f. Explain leaf adaptation to optimise photosynthesis

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 g. Explain how plants from different habitats are
adapted to carry out photosynthesis
5.11 Understanding the mechanism of
photosynthesis
a. Identify the parts of chloroplast related to
photosynthesis
b. Explain the light reaction of photosynthesis
c. Explain the dark reaction of photosynthesis
d. Compare and contrast light reaction and dark
reaction in photosynthesis
e. Relate light reaction with dark reaction in
photosynthesis
f. Write an equation to represent the process of
photosynthesis
5.12 Synthesising factors affecting photosynthesis
a. Identify the factors affecting the rate of
photosynthesis
b. Design an experiment to investigate the effect of
light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis
c. Identify the factor that limits the rate
photosynthesis at different light intensity
d. Explain the effects of temperature and
concentration of carbon dioxide on the rate of
photosynthesis
e. Design an experiment to investigate the effect of
light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis
f. Identify the factor that limits the rate of
photosynthesis at different light intensity
g. Explain the effects of temperature and
concentration of carbon dioxide on the rate of
photosynthesis
h. Explain the difference in the rate of photosynthesis
in plants throughout the day based on the changes
in light intensity and temperature
i. Identify some ways to meet the need of increasing
the productivity of crops based on factors affecting
the rate of photosynthesis
5.13 Practising a caring attitude towards plants
a. Tell why we need to take good care of plants
b. Identify cases of mishandling or destruction of
plants
5.14 Understanding the technology used in food
production
a. Explain the need for improving the quality and
quantity of food
b. Explain the effort to diversity food production
c. Explain ways to improve the quality and quantity
of food production in the country
5.15 Evaluating the technological development in
food processing
a. Explain the necessity for food processing
b. Describe the development of food processing
technology
c. Relate food processing methods with factors

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 causing food spoilage
d. Assess the methods of food processing to justify the
choice of consuming certain processes food

Chapter 6.1 Understanding the respiratory process in energy

6 production
Respirati a. State that all living processes require energy
b. Identify the main substrate for producing energy
on c. State the two types of respiration
d. Explain what cell respiration is
e. Explain the energy production from glucose during
the process of aerobic respiration
f. State the conditions leading to anaerobic
respiration in cells
g. Explain the process of anaerobic respiration in yeast
h. Explain the process of anaerobic respiration in
human cells
i. Write the chemical equations for aerobic and
aerobic respiration
j. Compare and contrast aerobic respiration with
anaerobic respiration
6.2 Analysing the respiratory structures and
breathing mechanisms in human and animal
a. State the respiratory structures in human and some
animals
b. Make an inference on the various adaptations of the
respiratory structures
c. Describe the characteristics of respiratory
surfaces in human and other organisms
d. Describe the breathing mechanisms in human and
other organisms.
e. Compare and contrast the human respiratory
system with that of other organisms
6.3 Understanding the concept of gaseous exchange
across the respiratory surfaces and transport of
gases in human
a. Describe the process of gaseous exchange across
the surface of the alveolus and blood capillaries in
the lungs
b. Explain the transport of respiratory gases
c. Explain the process of gaseous exchange
between the blood and body cells
d. Distinguish the composition of inhaled and exhaled
air
6.4 Understanding the regulatory mechanism in
respiration
a. Describe the change in rate of respiration after
completing a vigorous exercise
b. Correlate the rate of respiration with the oxygen and
carbon dioxide content in the body
c. Explain the regulatory mechanism of oxygen and
carbon dioxide content in the body

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 d. Explain the human respiratory responses and rate of
respiration in different situations
e. Correlate the rate of respiration with the rate of
heart beat
6.5 Realising the importance of maintaining a
healthy respiratory system
a. Care and maintain efficient function of the
respiratory organs
6.6 Understanding respiration in plants
a. Describe the energy requirement in plants
b. Explain the intake of oxygen for respiration
c. Explain aerobic respiration in plants
d. Explain anaerobic respiration in plants under certain
conditions
e. Compare and contrast the process of
photosynthesis and respiration
f. Explain what compensation point is
g. Relate light intensity with the attainment of
compensation point
h. Predict the situation when the rate of
photosynthesis and rate of respiration remains at
compensation point
i.
Chapter 7.1 Understanding the abiotic and biotic
7 components of the environment
Dynamic a. Identify the abiotic components of an ecosystem
b. Identify the biotic components of an ecosystem
Ecosyste c. Classify biotic components into trophic levels
m d. Explain the interactions between biotic components
in relation to feeding, using examples
e. Explain the interaction between biotic components
in relation to competition, using examples
7.2 Understanding the processes of colonisation and
succession in an ecosystem
a. State what an ecosystem is
b. Identify the niche, habitat, community and
population of an ecosystem
c. Explain the process of colonisation
d. Explain the process of succession
e. Identify the pioneer species in an ecosystem
f. Identify the successors in an ecosystem
g. Identify the dominant species in an ecosystem
h. Identify the adaptive characteristics of pioneer
species
i. Identify the adaptive characteristics of successors
j. Explain the changes in habitat caused by
successors at every level of succession until a
climax community is reached
k. Relate the abiotic components with the biotic
components in an ecosystem during the processes
of colonisation and succession
7.3 Synthesising ideas on population ecology
a. Identify the appropriate sampling technique to
study the population size of an organism
b. Estimate the population size of an organism in a

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 habitat
c. Determine the distribution of organisms in a
habitat based on the density, frequency and
percentage coverage of the species
d. Correlate the change in population distribution of an
organism with the changes in each of the abiotic
factors
e. Design an experiment to investigate the effect of a
change in any one of the abiotic factors on the
population growth rate of an organism
7.4 Understanding the concept of biodiversity
a. Explain the meaning of biodiversity
b. Explain the need for classification of organisms
c. State the five kingdoms used in the classification
of organisms
d. Identify the main characteristics of organisms in
each kingdom
e. List examples of organisms in each kingdom
f. State the hierarchy in the classification of
organisms, using examples
g. Explain through examples, the method of naming
organisms using the Linnaeus binomial system
h. Explain the importance of biodiversity
7.5 Understanding the impact of microorganisms on
life
a. Classify various types of microorganisms based on
their basic characteristics
b. State the abiotic components affecting the activity
of microorganisms
c. Explain the effect of a change in each abiotic
component on the activity of microorganisms
d. Explain the role of useful microorganisms
e. Explain the effect of harmful microorganisms
f. Explain the meaning of pathogen
g. Identify the pathogen, vector and symptoms of one
particular disease
h. Explain how the disease spreads
i. Describe the methods for controlling pathogen
j. Explain the use of microorganisms in
biotechnology, using examples
7.6 Appreciating biodiversity
a. Justify the importance of preservation and
conversation of biodiversity
b. Preserve and conserve various living things around
him/her
Chapter 8.1 Evaluating human activities that endanger an
8 ecosystem
Endanger a. Identify human activities that threaten the
ecosystem
ed
b. Explain the impact of human activities on the
Ecosyste ecosystem
m c. Evaluate critically the effects of unplanned
development and mismanagement of the
ecosystem
d. Describe types of pollution and sources of pollution

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 e. Explain the effects of pollution on living things and
the environment
f. Compare and contrast pollutants in the air from
different environments
g. State the sources of air pollution
h. Interpret data on the level of air pollution in some
cities
i. Make an inference on the sources of air pollution in
some cities
j. Interpret data on the level of water pollution in
some rivers
k. Make an inference on the sources of water pollution
in some rivers
l. Predict the level of air and water pollution in a
particular location within the next ten years
m. Suggest strategies to solve problems related to air
and water pollution in a particular location within
the next ten years
n. Suggest strategies to solve problems related to air
and water pollution in a particular location within
the next ten years
8.2 Understanding the greenhouse effect and
thinning of the ozone layer
a. Explain what greenhouse effect is
b. Correlate the concentration of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere with global warming
c. Explain the thinning of the ozone layer
d. Explain the impact of thinning of the ozone layer
and global warming on the ecosystem
8.3 Realising the importance of proper management
of development activities and the ecosystem
a. Justify the need for development
b. Explain the effects of increase in population on the
ecosystem
c. Explain measures taken in the management of
development activities and the ecosystem to ensure
a balance of nature is maintained
d. Care for the ecosystem
e. Participate in activities related to the management
of the ecosystem