ALVAREZ, Ronilyn A.

March 18, 2017

BSN III-B
Effects of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines

1. Socioeconomic

Imposition of tribute, bandala, and cedula personal

Requirements of polo y servicio
Establishment of government monopolies
Limited agricultural and commercial development.
Improvements in public utilities and communications
Telephone service began (Manila in 1872 and Iloilo in 1894)
Public lighting system began
2. Political
Loss of freedom on the part of the Filipinos
Establishment of a highly centralized government and bureaucratic
set-up
Spain established ONE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT in the Philippines.
Many independent barangays of our ancestors disappeared. One
government alone ruled most of the country.
The high influence of the Catholic Church
Roman Catholicism has become the biggest religious groups
since the Spanish introduction with over 80% of Filipinos being
Roman Catholic at present-day
The union of church and state
The role of Spanish priest in colonial administration was given a de
facto recognition
High influence of the church on the state was exposed by Filipino
reformers

3. Education

They introduced formal education in three levels: primary, secondary,

and tertiary
Boys colleges and secondary schools for both boys and girls were
established but were initially exclusive for sons and daughters of
Spaniards
Under the Education Decree of 1863, free compulsory publicly
supported public schools became possible
But there were problems on education as pointed out by Rizal in his
Noli Me Tangere which included;
Absence of textbooks
Lack of school buildings
Lack of teachers
Corporal punishment
Emphasis on rote learning
Humiliation of students by teachers
Lack of opportunity to develop
4. Socio-cultural Results
 Adoption of Spanish surnames and first names
One of the lasting effects of Spanish rule in the Philippines, still
seen today. To facilitate an easier and more precise identification
of individual persons, Governor Narciso Claveria issued a decree
in 1849 that required Filipino families in all towns to have a
surname. While most of the Filipinos chose Spanish surnames, a
few made use of native surnames.
Clothing
Instead of the pre-Spanish bahag, the Filipino male began to
wear hats.
Those of the aristocrats began to wear the fashionable European
type of gowns that eventually came to be called in the
Philippines as the Maria Clara gown.
An additional item for womens apparel was the veil, used in
going to church for mass or other religious functions.
From walking barefooted. Both male and female began to use
shoes and slippers.
Houses
Beginning the 19th century, the bahay kubo became a symbol of
poverty representing the masses of the rural areas while the
bahay na tisa, a house of stone where the rich and influential
lived was the symbol of prestige and power. The Spanish house
was decorated with beautiful gardens and terraces.
Emergence of the mestizo class
Influence of the Spanish language and Latin Alphabet
The coming of Spain brought the of the Gregorian Calendar, a Western
method of keeping and counting time now used in most parts of the
world
Spanish music and dancing
Dishes like arroz valenciana, afritada, estofado, mechado, puchero,
menudo, and so on
Patronal fiesta and Christmas celebration

5. Religious

Introduction of Roman Catholicism

Holding of Catholic fiestas and religious holidays
Construction of churches, convents, and cemeteries
Advent of religious literature and art
Cenaculo
Comedia de Capa y Espada
Moro-moro
Awit and corridor
Pasion
References:
Ongsotto, R., & Ongsotto, R. (2002). Philippine History Module-based
Learning I' 2002 Ed.. Google Books. Retrieved 17 March 2017, from
https://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=ITLRpPrrcykC&pg=PA91&lpg=PA91&dq=influe

nce+of+spanish+colonization+religious+aspects&source=bl&ots=JOjTyBbYB
t&sig=W
8JkjOW0kCb_U0KAjSXVdiNYXEA&hl=fil&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiXoarbtd7SAhVI
ppQKH ZHJDbIQ6AEIPTAE#v=onepage&q&f=true
Gumbao, Y. (2014). Hist2 7 effects of spanish colonization in the
philippines. Slideshare.net. Retrieved 17 March 2017, from
https://www.slideshare.net/yvangumbao/hist2-7- effects-of-spanish-
colonization-in-the-philippines
Influences of the Spanish Colonization on the Philippines. Infogr.am.
Retrieved 17 March 2017, from https://infogr.am/Effects-of-Spanish-
Colonization-on-the-Philippines