Midterm Exam

Introduction:

Human errors are incorrect performance of human actions. It has been a primary cause or contributing
factor in disasters and accidents. It can be caused manually or through robots, machines
and other devices. Itis mainly due to either negligence or lack of knowledge. Human should have
the knowledge or should be trained before they are being employed to do a job or a task. These
human errors can create and lead to several problems and complications. Errors are inevitable in real life. It is
ones duty to detect, rectify and take preventive measures so that it wont re occur in the future. Human error is
widely acknowledged as the major cause of quality, production and safety risks in
many industries. This assignment explains the underlying reasons why humans make mistakes and how
one can prevent these mistakes. although it is unlikely that human error will ever be completely prevented. It is
always important to detect the error addend out a remedy before resulting in a huge loss

1. Gas Leakage

PROBLEM:
The use of gas cylinders in kitchens is commonplace in developing countries. Gas cylinders are
often used for kitchen stoves and water tanks, both of which involve routine activities. Hence, it
is possible to sometimes forget to turn off the cylinder properly. This may result in deadly fires
and explosions.

DETECTION/PREVENTION:
Gas can usually be detected through smell and the use of sensors. Safety sensors are being
implemented on gas cylinders that automatically shut off the valve when a stove is not being
used. Gas leak sensors should also be implemented around the house to ensure that leaks are
detected before any serious harm is done.
2. Battery Life of Smartphones

PROBLEM:
Smartphones have become an integral part of our lives. And with their rise, the days of charging
our mobile devices once and using them for a week are over. Typically, most of us will need to
charge our phones at least once or twice to get through just one day of use.

DETECTION:
Battery life on smartphones has not kept up with the advancements in applications and smart
features. The use of GPS or games or even just plain talk takes a huge toll on battery life and
leaves us wondering how much more efficient we could be if the low battery warning wasnt an
issue we had to face every couple hours.

PREVENTION:
To improve battery life of smartphones, its important to follow proper procedures when using or
charging the devices. Many steps exist that can be followed to prolong the life of a charge.
Turn off Wi-Fi, data or Bluetooth when not needed.
Uninstall unnecessary apps or disable ones that may run in the background.
Turn off the GPS and other location services when not needed.
Use power saving mode when in areas that have poor reception or when battery capacity is
low.
Turn off apps when done using them.
Disable widgets on the home screen that may unnecessarily use data and power.
3. Improper Garbage Disposal

PROBLEM:
In many developing countries, a system for proper garbage disposal does not exist. People
dispose of garbage without regard to where it is being dumped or whether any articles can be
recycled. This can lead to the spreading of diseases and unhealthy environmental conditions.

DETECTION:
Although ignorance plays a huge role in improper waste disposal, a lack of a waste management
system or a system to educate people about recycling is also a key cause. Pollution not only
exacerbates epidemics, but also makes communities inhabitable.

PREVENTION:
It is important to ensure that people are properly educated about how to dispose of waste and that
a waste management system is implemented to collect garbage. Recycling should also be
implemented to reduce the carbon footprint.
4. Unknown traffic sign

PROBLEM:
Another cause of numerous accident involving pedestrians is the failure to recognize a traffic
sign such as a sign showing the lane dedicated to pedestrians crossing the road that is inverted
from the top to downwards.

DETECTION:
Visual observation and quick analysis is the simple way to detect such human error while we are
driving.

PREVENTION:
To prevent such human error, the professionals in charge of installing the traffic signs should use
technological tools such as electric screwdrivers that produce a higher amount of torque than
manual. It can better tight the screw holding those sign on a pole. In addition, a regular
inspection and reparation of those cases must urgently be performed.
5. Improper Vehicle Operation Texting While Driving

PROBLEM:
More often than we would like, accidents are reported on highways and local roads. Whether
they are fender benders or totaled vehicles, texting while driving has become a common theme
behind these accidents. Texting while driving has become a chronic hindrance to proper
operation of vehicles and is one of the leading causes of traffic deaths in the United States.

DETECTION:
Texting while driving lead to the improper operation of a vehicle.

PREVENTION:
People must not make/receive any calls or text message while driving. Hand-free devices must
be used in emergency situations or the individual must pull to the side of the road to use any
devices if required. The best way to prevent traffic accidents related to phone usage is to not use
the phone.
6. BIG HOLE ON THE SIDE OF WALKWAY

PROBLEM:
Big Holes on side of walkway on the roads.

DETECTION
The above image was taken on one of the walkway besides a street. There was repairing work
going on the sides edges which was broken but they had put on temporary traffic cones for
people to make them aware of the big hole which could lead to accidents where at times death is
possible. These situations can prove to be very fatal and should be looked upon at the highest
priority.

PREVENTION
The government should immediately take action and get the work done as fast as possible. They
should shut down the walk way and see to that no one accidentally is near to the spot.
Government or construction officials should conduct proper checking of edges and side walkway
and take every step possible to maintain the public property for the safety and surety of people.
Even at times people should report these kinds of incidents.
7. PARKING JUDGEMENT ERROR

PROBLEM:
Error while parking the vehicle.

DETECTION
The above image shows car parked in multilevel parking. Here as we can notice there is
judgement error while parking in designated lane of parking. The driver was unaware of the
water drain pipe and there was misjudgment while making sure that it is properly parked in lane.
The driver in worst case could have hit hard on the pipe causing damage both to car and pipe.

PREVENTION
As prevention the parking authorities should employ personnel to take care of this and make sure
that this kind of scenario not arises and every car is parked proper in lane with help of their
guidance. The driver can easily avoid these blind spots if personnel helps them while parking.
The other thing the parking authorities can do is avoid parking of cars in this kind of spaces and
leave it open.

8. TRASH-CAN IN RESTROOM AT NJIT

PROBLEM:
Overfilled trash can in restroom at NJIT.

DETECTION:
The trashcan is enormous and located in one of the restrooms at Njit, however it just utilized
one-fourth of its space. There seems to be external damage on the outside surface of the trashcan
and seems to be little twisted. This appears to be dirty to the point that waste was fallen on the
ground all around. The quality of the trashcan is bad to the point that it can easily bend. Also
there is another quality issue of cleanliness. This is an human error which can be easily detected
and fixed.

PREVENTION:
The Cleaning staff should have been aware of the situation that the trashcan is damaged when he
or she cleans the trash can. To prevent the damage by any sought of means, the manufacture
should have a better design and supreme quality of material used while processing it. The
company should also conduct a quality control process to make sure the trashcan are not
damaged due to any circumstances. The staff at Njit should also be responsible for the dirty
surrounding created in restroom. He or she in charge should report the damage and make sure
this not repeated again and trash-can is replaced.
9. ZIP MALFUNCTIONING IN HOODIE

PROBLEM:
Zip Malfunction in a hoodie.

DETECTION:
The zip of above Hoodie as you can see is not in working condition making it useless for me to
use. I have been using this hoodie for approximately for 2 months. The zip was stuck in between
after i was trying to put it on and this is not acceptable as it raises questions regarding the quality
of material used and the mechanism behind this zip. This would fall under poor use of
technology, as there could be an issue with the zip or segment attached with it.

PREVENTION:
These is just a general quality issue, as the zip should be able to operate according to design
mechanism of it. There is also a lack in procedure as this type of occurrence should be tested for.
To prevent, there could be a change made in product testing, change in the design of materials
used, or have the zip mechanism calibrated. Also, company manufacturing it should take care of
design and product quality at highest level.

10. GAPS IN WOODEN FLOORING

PROBLEM:
Small gaps in the wooden flooring.

DETECTION:
The above wooden flooring is located in my home. The crevices between the wooden networks
in the deck is creating the dust to accumulate and be the foundation for the ugliness and
untidiness. In addition to the above issues, a peculiar noise will be made when ventured on the
wooden floor at specific spots where the wood isn't settled or uneven surfaces due to improper
installation of flooring. Cleaning these zones is truly a major inconvenience and is alongside
incomprehensible. Also, this type of gaps is the place where we can find parasites like bugs at
times which is not at all acceptable.

PREVENTION:
This case obviously shows the nature of the work performed by workers when laying the floor.
The sporadic crevices demonstrate the expertise of the workers involved which is very much
questionable. Its imperative to know the ability of the specialists before allocating the
assignment so that this sort of inconvenience to the clients in keeping up the property is not
raised.

11.Too Much Chlorine used in a Pool (non- balanced chemicals)

PROBLEM:
The picture below shows a community pool in which my friend lived in. Time and time again,
the pool was unfortunately unusable because the small of the chlorine was sometimes so strong
that it would sting a person's eyes. Or the chemicals in the pool would not be balanced, resulting
in murky colored water. It is understandable that with a large amount of water to fill this pool,
balancing the chemicals or adding the correct dose of chemicals is difficult. The pool is
aesthetically pleasing but could not be used. This effect the patrons who pay to use the pool and
cannot make use of what they paid for since the company or people in charge of taking samples
of the water and balancing the pool cannot get the chemicals of the poo balanced.

DETECTION:
The pool smelled like the chemical Chlorine and burned the insides of patron's nostrils and eyes.
Also, when testing the pool's pH balance and other chemical levels, levels were undesirable. The
Pool was unable to be used.

PREVENTION:
Having a set of testing standards pre-recorded to compare other samples to. Also having certain
instructions on hand to balance out the pool so it is usable. Another prevention technique could
be monitoring the pool more closely, testing the water more frequently, and having more
personnel on staff to monitor the pool and make sure over time, the pool remains balanced and
can be used.

12. Messy Office Space

PROBLEM:

Underneath my office desk, which is a cubical, there are many wires for the office phone,
computer, Ethernet, and other wires. For some reason, my desk location, which is located at an
end corner of the cubical space, and there are many different outlets and power strips and
therefore, there are many different wires plugged in. Because of the volume of wires, it creates
an absolute mess under the desk; all the wires clumped together over time and are in one big,
tangled knot.

DETECTION:

Spacing is a problem within the different cubical spaces because there are so many cubical
spaces crunched into the middle of a squared floor. This issue is common because most company
try to reduce the cost of office spaces and necessities within the office by imputing as many
cubical spaces in an open space as possible. After a while, taking into account different
movement across the office floor and the addition of more wires being plugged in, all the wires
begin to knot together. This can be a safety issue because people could trip or get stuck in a
person's shoe. An employee could trip or there could be an office hazard.

PREVENTION:

Wires should be lined and secured in place on a wall by a clip or a small hanger. Instead of
having the wires lay on the floor, there could be another way to plan out how the wires all plug
into the outlets and group together. Modification of the workplace environment is important
because if someone were to get injured while on the job, that matter can turn into a work-safety
issue that could be very problematic to the company.

SOCIAL NETWORKING:

1. Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid Has 31% Lower Environmental Impact Than

Conventional Model:

Recently, the Engineers at Fiat Chrysler have calculated the total environmental impact of the
new Pacifica Hybrid. It is determined that over 120,000 miles, its 31% more environmentally
friendly than its sibling, the internal combustion powered Town and Country minivan. The above
calculation is done after determining the global warming potential. It considers the
environmental impact of fuel production and delivery, along with the implications of the
vehicles own fuel consumption. The numbers after calculation show that over 120,000 miles of
driving, the Pacifica Hybrid will produce 21 metric tons fewer CO2e greenhouse gas emissions.
Hence, we can say that 2017 Chrysler Pacifica Hybrids potential emissions savings are
equivalent to: the average annual C02 output of 22 American households,14 commercial flights
from Detroit to Los Angeles, driving the average U.S. passenger vehicle more than 50,000
miles. This advanced technology helped the 2017 Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid minivan achieve a
fuel-economy rating of 84 miles per gallon equivalent (MPEGs) from the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency which is far higher than any previous minivan and most cars currently for sale
to American consumers.

Thank You.

Utkarsh Manjrekar (uhm2)

Article link:

https://cleantechnica.com/2017/01/12/chrysler-pacifica-hybrid-31-lower-environmental-impact-
conventional-model/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed
%3A+IM-cleantechnica+%28CleanTechnica%29

2. 2016 Laid Huge Cleantech Foundations In 2017, Well Start Seeing

The Beautiful Results

Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid & the Toyota Prius Prime are the two breakout plug-in hybrids that got
their final development ribbons tied in 2016 and are set to make a mark in 2017 and
beyond. These models are not quite the same price as their handicapped conventional hybrids
and gasoline siblings at the cash register (though, the Prime is close), but the fuel savings & time
savings that follow from cheap & convenient home or workplace charging quickly nail the deal
for any thoughtful buyer. But, its worth highlighting that the Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid has been
chosen by Waymo (Google/Alphabet) for its first round of robotaxi vehicles, which is surely a
good sign! That could be big business for Chrysler.

Thank You.

Utkarsh Manjrekar (uhm2)

3. UK Studies Possibility Of Track-Side Solar Panels To Power Electric Trains

Imperial College London has partnered with the climate change charity 10:10 to investigate the
use of track-side solar panels to power trains, the two organizations announced yesterday. The
renewable traction power project will see university researchers look at connecting solar
panels directly to the lines that provide power to trains, a move that would bypass the electricity
grid to more efficiently manage power demand from trains. According to the university, the
research team will be the first in the world to test the completely unique idea, which it said
would have a wide impact with commercial applications on electrified rail networks all over the
world. It would also open up thousands of new sites to small- and medium-scale renewable
developments by removing the need to connect to the grid, Imperial College London said in a
statement. Network Rail is currently investing billions in electrifying the UKs railways in a bid
to reduce the number of trains running on diesel fuel, curbing costs, air pollution, and greenhouse
gas emissions in the process. Combining this effort with increased renewable energy generation
in the UK could significantly decarbonize train lines by 2050, according to 10:10, but in many
rural areas the electricity grid has reached its limit for both integrating distributed energy
generation and supplying power to train firms.

Thank You.

Utkarsh Manjrekar (uhm2)