Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DOCUMENTO DE TRABAJO N 311
COOPERACIN DE ECNOMA
DEPARTAMENTO
CIENCIA,TECNOLOGA,
TECNOLGICA,TIC Y RENTABILIDAD DE LAS EMPRESAS
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
MANUFACTURERAS BAJO UN ENFOQUE EMPRESARIAL:
EL CASO DEL PER,DEPARTAMENTO
2004-2005 DE ECONOMA
Mario D. Tello
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA DEL PER
DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
DEPARTAMENTO
DE ECONOMA
DOCUMENTO DE ECONOMA N 311
Mario D. Tello
Febrero, 2011
DEPARTAMENTO
DE ECONOMA
Mario D. Tello
Mario D. Tello
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT
Mario D. Tello1
INTRODUCCIN
1
Profesor e investigador principal del Departamento de Economa y CENTRUM
CATLICA de la Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per. Este trabajo se basa
en el reporte final del proyecto DIRSA, OSILAC/CEPAL-IDRC sobre los impactos
de las TIC sobre el desempeo de las empresas. El autor agradece los
comentarios de Sebastin Rovira de la CEPAL y la asistencia de Carmen Zea,
Csar Huaroto, Pa Torres, y Hans Lavilla.
2
Los scores en la escala de 1 a 7 fueron 3.37; 5.71; 3.96; y 2.70 para cada uno
de los respectivos pases.
3
Este indicador denominado Preparacin Tecnolgica (Technological
Readiness), mide la versatilidad de la economa para adoptar tecnologas con el
propsito de incrementar la productividad. Para ello, las empresas hacen uso
de instrumentos TIC. La disponibilidad de estos instrumentos y tecnologa no
necesariamente genera la habilidad de una economa a innovar o expandir la
frontera del conocimiento. Esta ltima habilidad es el indicador de innovacin
tecnolgica de los pases.
4
Los scores en la escala de 1 a 7 para este indicador fueron respectivamente
3.39; 6.15; 4.44; y 2.34.
5
En trminos amplios el proceso de innovacin es definido como el cambio en el
proceso de pensamiento para hacer algo til. Estos cambios pueden ser en
productos, procesos de produccin, pensamientos, o en la organizacin
(McKeown, 2008). Schumpeter (1934) distingue invencin, como ideas que se
manifiestan, de innovacin, que son ideas aplicadas exitosamente en la
prctica.
6
Definida como una red dinmica de agentes interactuando en un rea industrial
o econmica bajo una infraestructura institucional especfica y envuelta en la
generacin, difusin y utilizacin de la tecnologa (Carlsson and Stankiewicz,
1991, pp. 93). Sagasti y Kuramoto (2003) describen otras definiciones del SIT.
1
prioridad poltica que se le otorgan a estos aspectos del nivel de la ciencia y
tecnologa en el Per (CONCYTEC-SINACYT, 2009; CONCYTEC, 2005,
Kuramoto, 2007 y 2004, Sagasti y Kuramoto, 2003 entre otros). As, en el
Plan Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologa e Innovacin Tecnolgica (CTeI)
(CONCYTEC-SINACYT, 2009) se seala que la causa del dbil desarrollo de la
CTeI en el Per es el retraso en la generacin e incorporacin sostenida de
tecnologa en las diferentes reas productivas y sociales del pas. Los
factores que explican este retraso son entre otros: i) la dbil institucionalidad
y gestin de la CTeI; ii) los exiguos recursos econmicos y de cooperacin;
iii) insuficiencia en la dotacin de recursos humanos generadores de CTeI y
de infraestructura; y iv) baja explotacin de los beneficios de la informacin
y sus redes.
2
algunos campos de la actividad cientfica, tecnolgica y productiva (pp.
10)7.
7
Esta afirmacin en las siguientes aseveraciones: i) se cuenta con muy pocos
centros de investigacin de alto nivel en las universidades, en las instituciones
pblicas y en las empresas, y una elevada proporcin de estos centros
probablemente no satisface los estndares internacionales en lo referente a
calidad de la investigacin, resultados y publicaciones; ii) existe un limitado
nmero de empresas productivas y de servicios que realizan innovaciones de
manera continua y sistemtica; iii) las instituciones que formulan polticas
directamente vinculadas a la ciencia y tecnologa (polticas explcitas) son
bastante dbiles y no cuentan con los recursos financieros y humanos, ni con la
influencia poltica, que son necesarios para promover la creacin de un Sistema
de Innovacin Tecnolgica, o al menos de sistemas sectoriales de innovacin;
iv) la infraestructura fsica (transportes, energa, agua, saneamiento,
telecomunicaciones) que constituye el soporte material para las actividades
productivas y para los procesos de innovacin, muestran una serie de
limitaciones en cuanto a cantidad y calidad lo que hace muy difcil materializar
los procesos de innovacin; y v) muy pocas entidades (por ejemplo,
CONCYTEC), ayudan a crear un ambiente favorable para la ciencia, la
tecnologa y la innovacin.
3
coordinacin tecnolgica y de uso de instrumentos de la tecnologa de la
informacin y comunicacin (TIC) disponibles en el Per en el perodo 1998-
2009 y a nivel de empresas para el perodo 2004-2007. El segundo es el de
presentar evidencias de la incidencia de la actividades de ciencia y
tecnologa, cooperacin tecnolgica y uso de instrumentos TIC sobre los
indicadores de rentabilidad en una muestra de 339 empresas manufactureras
del Per en el ao 2005.
Las cifras de los Cuadros No 1 y 2 muestran la posicin relativa del Per con
respecto a otros pases de la regin de Amrica Latina y de los Estados
Unidos en materia de indicadores de innovacin tecnolgica (IT) y
herramientas TIC8.
Los ndices en ambos cuadros son medidos en una escala de 0 a 100, donde
el lmite superior (100) indica que el pas o las empresas del pas tienen un
nivel ptimo del indicador y el lmite inferior (0) que el indicador est en su
nivel ms bajo. Las cifras sealan en primer lugar, que el Per junto a
Bolivia son los pases con los indicadores ms bajos en IT y TIC de la
muestra considerada en los cuadros. En segundo lugar, a excepcin de los
Estados Unidos, los ndices TIC son en general mayores que los ndices en
innovacin tecnolgica para los pases de Amrica Latina. Esto sugiere que
los pases otorgan una preponderancia mayor a los instrumentos TIC que a
la inversin en actividades de innovacin. En los pases desarrollados, como
los Estados Unidos la preponderancia de los instrumentos TIC y las
actividades de innovacin es similar. En tercer lugar, a excepcin de las
exportaciones e importaciones relativas de los bienes y servicios TIC, existen
diferencias significativas en los niveles de los indicadores IT y TIC entre los
pases de Amrica Latina y los Estados Unidos. As, por ejemplo mientras
Estados Unidos invierte en I&D 2.7 centavos por dlar de PBI, el Per
invierte 0.1 centavo por dlar y Brasil, el pas que invierte ms, 1.02. De
otro lado, las empresas de los Estados Unidos tienen un indicador de 77% en
gastos en I&D9, el Per tiene 28% y Brasil, el pas con mayor ndice, tiene un
indicador de 47%. Similares diferencias existen para el resto de indicadores
TIC e IT.
8
A menos que se indique lo contrario la mayora de los indicadores de estos dos
cuadros resultan de encuestas a empresas de los pases. Las respuestas a las
encuestas se convierten scores en una escala de 1 a 7. Para fines de
comparacin, los scores (S) se han transformado a una escala de 0 a 100
usando la siguiente conversin, (S-1/6)*100.
9
Este indicador mide la intensidad en gastos en I&D de las empresas.
4
es de 7,290 empresas. La muestra final descrita en los cuadros es de 4,861
empresas. El tamao original de la encuesta del 2007 es de 1,393 empresas
y la muestra final descrita en los cuadros es de 1,277 empresas; ii) en la
encuesta del 2004 el 61% de las empresas estaban ubicadas en la regin y
provincia de Lima y en la encuesta del 2007 el 83% estaban localizadas en la
misma regin y provincia; iii) en las encuesta del 2004 y del 2007, las
megas empresas (quienes cuentan con ms de 500 trabajadores)
representaban el 3% de las empresas, las empresas grandes (quienes
cuentan con ms de 100 hasta 500 trabajadores) representaban el 9% en la
encuesta del 2004 y el 17% en la del 2007, las empresas medianas (quienes
cuentan entre 21 y 100 trabajadores) representaban el 23% en la encuesta
del 2004 y el 20% en la encuesta del 2007, las pequeas empresas (de 20 a
menos trabajadores) representaban el 64% de las empresas de la encuesta
del 2004 y el 40% en la del 2007; iv) la muestra del Cuadro No A3
correspondiente a las empresas manufactureras es de 1312 empresas de las
cuales 49 son mega empresas, 158 empresas grandes, 352 medianas y 753
empresas pequeas.
Las cifras de los indicadores TIC de las encuestas del 2004 y 2007 son
reportados en el Cuadro No A1 (del anexo de cuadros) y las de los
indicadores IT de la encuesta del 2004 en el Cuadro No A2. Los ramas
productivas de la economa peruana en los cuadros se agregaron en 4
sectores: primario (o sectores intensivos en recursos naturales10),
manufactura (que incluye construccin), tecnolgicos11 y servicios (privado y
pblico incluyendo el sector de comercio12). Adicionalmente a las ramas
manufactureras (en los Cuadros No A1, A3, y los siguientes) por ser el sector
que se dispone mayor informacin y sujeto de un detallado anlisis en la
siguiente seccin se dividieron en 4 grupos de ramas: el grupo de ramas de
procesamiento de minerales y otros (como por ejemplo, productos no
metlicos, siderurgia, transformacin de metales no ferrosos, etc.); el grupo
de ramas de productos estndar, de industrias ligeras o manufacturas
tradicionales (como textiles, prendas de vestir, etc.); el grupo de ramas de
mayor grado de procesamiento e intensivas en el uso de tecnologas (como
qumicos bsicos, maquinaria elctrica, farmacuticos y medicamentos,
construccin de maquinaria no elctrica, etc.); y el cuarto grupo de ramas de
productos alimenticios incluyendo el tabaco. Las cifras de estos cuadros
indican:
10
Tales como el sector agrcola, minero, extraccin de petrleo, y pesca.
11
Transportes y comunicaciones, y electricidad y agua.
12
Este sector tambin incluye a las ramas financieras y seguros.
5
que tuvieron los ms altos niveles de los indicadores TIC. Los
indicadores TIC del sector manufacturero giraron alrededor del
promedio de todas las industrias;
13
Los indicadores del Cuadro No A2 son: S-ACT, el porcentaje de empresas que
realizan actividades de ciencia y tecnologa; Capital Humano, promedio
ponderado del porcentaje de los empleados con educacin de post-grado y
superior del total de trabajadores; G-ACT, porcentaje del gasto en actividades
de ciencia y tecnologa del gasto en total; G-I&D, porcentaje de la inversin en
investigacin y desarrollo de los gastos totales de la empresa; .S-INN,
porcentaje de empresas que innovaron en procesos, productos, organizacin o
comercializacin; DINN_prod, porcentaje de empresas que han realizado
innovaciones en productos o en procesos; DINN_org, porcentaje de empresas
que han realizado innovaciones en comercializacin y/o organizacin; INN/V,
promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la inversin en actividades de
innovacin del valor total de las ventas netas de las empresas; No_INN,
nmero de empresas innovadoras; INN-RP; porcentaje de empresas
innovadoras que se financian con recursos propios; DCoord, porcentaje de
empresas que han realizado colaboraciones, coordinaciones o cooperado con
otros entes (nacionales u extranjeros) para realizar actividades de innovacin;
Coord-U/CI, porcentaje de empresas que coordinaron con universidades,
institutos de formacin tcnica, centros de Investigacin, instituciones de
ciencia y tecnologa para fines de innovacin.
6
vi) Consistente con las cifras anteriores, los niveles educativos de
los trabajadores que dominaron en cerca del 80% de las
empresas fueron de educacin secundaria o tcnica y primaria.
Slo el 1.4% de las empresas contaron con personal con
educacin de post-grado. La proporcin de empresas del sector
agropecuario que tuvieron personal con educacin superior fue
la ms baja y las respectivas proporciones de los sectores
financieros y salud privada fueron las ms altas. El tamao de la
empresa no parece influenciar en los porcentajes de empresas
que contaron con personal con educacin superior y de post-
grado;
14
En la encuesta, las actividades en ciencia y tecnologa se definieron como
actividades sistemticas, estrechamente relacionadas con la generacin,
produccin, difusin y aplicacin del conocimiento cientfico y tcnico en
todos los campos de la ciencia y la tecnologa. Las actividades de innovacin se
definieron como las acciones llevadas a cabo por la firma que tiendan a poner
en prctica conceptos, ideas y mtodos necesarios para la adquisicin,
asimilacin e incorporacin de nuevos conocimientos. El producto de estas
acciones tiene como resultado un cambio tcnico en la empresa, sin que sta
sea necesariamente una innovacin tecnolgica en el sentido estricto, lo cual
se debe reflejar en el desempeo de la empresa. La innovacin implica la
creacin, desarrollo, uso y difusin de un nuevo producto, proceso o servicio
nuevo y los cambios tecnolgicos significativos de los mismos. Implica tambin
cambios en las formas de organizacin y administracin: mtodos de
organizacin, reingeniera de procesos, planeamiento estratgico, control de
calidad, etc. (CONCYTEC-INEI, 2004). Cabe sealar que las actividades de
investigacin y desarrollo (I&D), segn el CONCYTEC-INEI (2004) fueron
consideradas como actividades de ciencia, tecnologa y de innovacin. 14 De
acuerdo a CONCYTEC-INEI (2004), la innovacin incluyen actividades en: i)
I&D; ii) bienes de capital, iii) hardware y software; iv) contratacin de
tecnologa, v) ingeniera y diseo industrial, vi) gestin, vii) capacitacin y
consultora.
7
Estos resultados sugieren las empresas en el Per tienen una mayor
propensin al uso de herramientas TIC que invertir o realizar actividades en
CTeI indicando probablemente un mayor sesgo hacia usar, imitar o adaptar
tecnologas pre-establecidas (a travs de la informacin canalizada por las
herramientas TIC) que a generar nuevas tecnologas y productos a travs de
actividades de CT e inversin en innovacin. De otro lado, aunque existen
ciertos indicios que la proporcin de empresas que realizan actividades de
CTeI en las megas y empresas grandes es mayor que en las pequeas, el
porcentaje de la inversin en actividades de innovacin del total de las
ventas para todas las empresas fue de 0.7 centavos por cada dlar en el
2004 siendo el promedio (ponderado) mayor en las empresas pequeas15
(Cuadro A2).
Al igual que la muestra que cubra todas las ramas productivas, las megas y
empresas grandes fueron las que tuvieron un mayor porcentaje de empresas
que realizaron actividades de ciencia, tecnologa e innovacin tecnolgica. En
contraste, con la muestra de 4861, las megas y grandes empresas invirtieron
mayores porcentajes de las ventas del 2004 en innovacin que aquellos de
las empresas medianas y pequeas17. El mismo patrn ocurri para el
15
0.5 y 0.7 centavos por cada dlar de ventas para las megas y empresas
grandes versus 1.3 centavos por cada dlar de ventas para las empresas
pequeas.
16
En el Cuadro No A3, los nmeros entre parntesis son los indicadores de la
muestra de 339 empresas que se dispone de informacin para el anlisis de
rentabilidad de la siguiente seccin.
17
0.6 centavos por cada dlar de ventas en las primeras dos categoras de
empresas y 0.2 y 0.4 centavos por cada dlar en las ltimas dos categoras de
empresas.
8
porcentaje del gasto total dedicado a actividades de ciencia y tecnologa18.
De otro lado, las ramas del grupo tecnolgico fueron las que dispusieron
con un mayor porcentaje de empleados con educacin de post-grado y
superior y las que tuvieron un menor porcentaje fueron las ramas
manufactureras tradicionales. Al igual que la muestra que cubra todos los
sectores, en las ramas manufactureras el nmero de empresas que
realizaron actividades de innovacin fue mayor que el nmero de las que
realizaron actividades de ciencia y tecnologa. En las actividades de
innovacin, un mayor nmero de empresas realizaron innovaciones en
productos y procesos que el nmero de empresas que realizaron actividades
de innovacin en comercializacin y organizacin de las empresas.
Las cifras del Cuadro A3 tambin sealan que casi todas las empresas
realizaron inversiones en innovacin con recursos propios. De otro lado, si
bien los indicadores de innovacin sugieren que las empresas en el Per en
las ramas de las industrias ligeras son las que menos realizan actividades CT,
los cuatro grupos de ramas realizan actividades de innovacin dominando
ligeramente aquellas en productos y procesos. Proporcionalmente, sin
embargo, el porcentaje de empresas que realizan estas actividades se
incrementa con el tamao de la empresa. Finalmente y consistente con los
resultados de la literatura, el sistema de innovacin en el Per no muestra
articulacin o coordinaciones entre empresas y otros entes (por ejemplo,
otras empresas, centros de investigacin, universidades, etc.).
18
0.6 y 1.1 centavos por cada dlar para las megas y empresas grandes
respectivamente y 0.2 centavos por cada dlar para las medianas y empresas
pequeas.
9
CUADRO No 1
Indicadores de Innovacin Tecnolgica del Per y Una Muestra de Pases en Desarrollo y Desarrollados, 1998-2009
Calidad de las
Gasto en I&D
ndice de Gasto en I&D Instituciones de Cooperacin de ndice de Sofisticacin
Pases Ao del Sector
Innovacin1 (% del PBI)3 Investigacin Investigacin2 Tecnolgica2
Privado2
Cientfica2
1998 n.d 0.10 21.17 24.67 30.67 26.17
2000 27.00 0.11 23.33 25.00 33.33 28.33
Per
2004 19.67 0.15 26.67 30.00 21.67 38.33
2009 28.50 0.10 28.33 31.67 33.33 39.83
1998 n.d 0.50 31.83 39.33 45.00 53.50
2000 40.17 0.53 28.33 45.00 36.67 55.00
Chile
2004 29.50 0.67 36.67 45.00 36.67 66.67
2009 40.17 0.70 36.67 48.33 48.33 54.67
1998 n.d 0.72 23.33 34.33 41.33 35.33
2000 27.67 0.94 31.67 40.00 48.33 40.00
Brasil
2004 20.67 0.83 45.00 55.00 46.67 55.00
2009 42.00 1.02 46.67 53.33 51.67 51.00
1998 n.d 0.38 26.50 26.00 37.83 28.00
2000 26.83 0.37 25.00 38.33 41.67 40.00
Mxico
2004 20.00 0.47 33.33 45.00 35.00 50.00
2009 33.17 0.50 31.67 45.00 41.67 42.17
1998 n.d 0.41 25.00 41.83 31.67 34.33
2000 43.50 0.44 26.67 38.33 40.00 35.00
Argentina
2004 30.83 0.44 30.00 38.33 23.33 48.33
2009 32.50 0.51 31.67 46.67 41.67 42.33
1998 n.d 0.29 15.83 21.83 23.17 14.00
2000 25.00 0.29 16.67 11.67 40.00 11.67
Bolivia
2004 21.50 0.28 20.00 25.00 20.00 21.67
2009 20.50 n.d 20.00 25.00 25.00 22.33
1998 n.d 0.26 40.83 58.33 46.33 51.00
2000 41.83 0.39 31.67 56.67 41.67 51.67
Costa Rica
2004 19.33 0.37 43.33 53.33 35.00 55.00
2009 44.67 0.40 46.67 60.00 55.00 45.33
1998 n.d 2.62 75.33 86.50 76.33 92.50
2000 91.67 2.74 75.00 95.00 56.67 95.00
Estados Unidos
2004 90.17 2.58 80.00 88.33 73.33 91.67
2009 79.50 2.67 76.67 86.67 81.67 76.83
Fuente: WEF (1998 2009), UNESCO (2009). Elaboracin Propia. 1 El valor reportado en las filas del ao 2000 corresponde a valores del 2001. 2 Para Bolivia y Costa Rica, los valores de las
filas 1998 son del ao 1999. 3 Valores de UNESCO (2009). El valor del ao 1998 de Brasil es del ao 1996 y el ms reciente es del 2005. El dato ms reciente de Bolivia corresponde al 2002.
Los ltimos datos de Chile, Mxico, Argentina, Costa Rica y Estados Unidos corresponden al ao 2007. 4 Los datos ms recientes son del ao 2007.
10
CUADRO No 2
Indicadores de Tecnologas de Informacin y Comunicacin del Per y Una Muestra de Pases en Desarrollo y Desarrollados
Absorcin Lneas Telfono
ndice de Transferencia Licencias Computadora Usuarios de X TIC's M TIC's
Tecnolgica Telefnicas Celular
Pases Ao Preparacin de de Personal Internet (c/ 100 (% de X (% de M
a Nivel de (c/ 100 (c/ 100
Tecnolgca1 2 Tecnologa2 Tecnologa3 (c/ 100 hab.) hab.)7 totales)8 totales) 8
Firma hab.) hab.)
1998 n.d 34.50 65.33 55.00 6.17 2.95 2.97 1.19 0.13 8.03
2000 45.17 63.331 71.671 53.33 6.60 4.90 4.04 3.08 nd nd
Per
2004 40.83 46.67 61.67 45.00 7.46 14.89 8.37 11.71 0.14 9.62
2009 39.83 58.33 70.00 48.33 9.98 72.66 10.064 24.72 0.05 7.95
1998 n.d 60.67 69.83 67.17 20.27 6.42 6.23 1.66 0.14 9.17
2000 57.50 68.331 73.331 65.00 21.43 22.07 9.21 16.46 nd nd
Chile
2004 59.17 68.33 71.67 63.33 20.58 57.44 13.26 19.36 0.17 7.53
2009 54.67 75.00 73.33 66.67 21.04 88.30 26.00 32.56 0.14 7.08
1998 n.d 57.67 69.67 71.00 11.82 4.36 2.96 1.48 2.33 12.56
2000 55.50 73.331 78.331 67.17 17.76 13.31 4.88 2.87 nd nd
Brasil
2004 54.00 68.33 65.00 68.33 21.53 35.68 13.05 19.07 3.19 12.13
2009 51.00 73.33 71.67 63.33 21.43 78.47 29.205 35.51 1.97 6.63
1998 n.d 57.67 74.83 75.17 10.42 3.52 3.67 1.28 21.01 16.46
2000 61.67 58.331 76.671 71.67 12.59 14.37 5.82 5.16 nd nd
Mxico
2004 52.17 53.33 70.00 63.33 17.71 37.68 10.98 16.95 21.71 19.04
2009 42.17 60.00 66.67 60.00 19.31 70.81 14.396 21.87 19.61 14.14
1998 n.d 56.00 73.50 59.00 19.65 7.40 5.30 0.83 0.54 11.60
2000 55.50 58.331 70.001 58.33 21.40 17.58 6.94 7.05 nd nd
Argentina
2004 47.83 50.00 60.00 51.67 22.83 35.21 8.34 16.04 0.44 8.29
2009 42.33 58.33 51.67 53.33 24.15 116.63 9.04 28.12 0.55 11.14
1998 n.d 47.00 57.00 29.67 5.67 3.00 0.75 0.63 1.11 8.04
2000 42.00 33.331 56.671 40.00 6.14 7.01 1.68 1.44 nd nd
Bolivia
2004 30.17 31.67 45.00 23.33 6.94 19.99 2.33 4.44 0.73 4.35
2009 22.33 38.33 38.33 25.00 7.13 49.88 2.44 10.51 0.00 4.90
1998 n.d 65.67 80.67 52.33 19.81 2.90 8.00 2.67 20.18 17.40
2000 66.17 70.001 81.671 48.33 22.88 5.39 15.27 5.80 nd nd
Costa Rica
2004 49.50 61.67 75.00 51.67 31.58 21.70 21.87 20.81 25.25 23.77
2009 45.33 68.33 76.67 61.67 31.76 41.68 31.15 33.62 27.00 18.85
1998 n.d 35.17 60.17 67.50 65.20 25.09 44.95 30.66 19.81 17.89
2000 90.33 91.671 53.331 60.00 68.23 38.80 57.06 43.94 nd nd
Estados Unidos
2004 87.33 88.33 55.00 66.67 60.67 63.10 76.41 66.29 18.85 15.34
2009 76.83 86.67 68.33 75.00 52.59 88.96 80.616 72.35 14.16 13.55
Fuente: UNESCO (2009) UNCTAD (2009). Elaboracin Propia. 1 El valor reportado en las filas del ao 2000 corresponde a valores del 2001. 2 Para Bolivia y Costa Rica, los valores de las
filas 1998 son del ao 1999. 3 Concesin de licencias de tecnologa. Los datos ms recientes son del ao 2007. 4 Ao 2005. 5 Ao 2008. 6 Ao 2006. 7 Los ltimos datos de Bolivia, Brasil y
Costa Rica son del ao 2007. En los dems casos, es el ao 2008. 8 UNCTAD (2009). X, M Valor de Exportaciones e Importaciones en dlares respectivamente. Las Xs, Ms de bienes
TIC corresponden a telecommunications equipment, computer and
related equipment, electronic components, audio and video equipment, and other ICT gooa las cdigos CIIU (Rev. 3.1) Los datos corresponden a los aos 1998, 2003 y 2007
11
12
II. ACTIVIDADES DE CIENCIA, TECNOLOGA E INNOVACIN,
COOPERACIN TECNOLGICA, TIC Y EL DESEMPEO ECONMICO DE
UNA MUESTRA DE EMPRESAS MANUFACTURERAS DEL PER, 2004-
2005
Las cifras del Cuadro No A4B indican en primer lugar, las empresas que
realizaron actividades de ciencia y tecnologa, innovacin y/o coordinaron
tecnolgicamente con otros entes, en promedio por firma, tienen un mayor
nivel en: i) tamao (en nmero de trabajadores), ii) volumen de ventas, iii)
valor agregado, iv) tasa de rentabilidad, v) proporcin de los valores
agregado y bruto de produccin con respecto al valor total del capital, y vi)
en la proporcin de las remuneraciones con respecto a los gastos totales,
que los niveles correspondientes de estos indicadores en las empresas que
no realizaron dichas actividades19.
19
Cabe sealar que ambos grupos de empresas son consideradas como empresas
grandes. Un sesgo que tiene la muestra de la Encuesta de Manufacturas del
2005 es hacia empresas de tamao mediano, grande y mega empresas.
13
Sin embargo, para el resto de indicadores no necesariamente se muestra el
mismo resultado. As, el ratio del valor de capital (activos o maquinaria y
equipo) por trabajador es ligeramente mayor para las empresas que no
realizaron actividades de ciencia, tecnologa e innovacin. Los indicadores de
capacidad de endeudamiento (PAS/PAT) y el tamao de los recursos
tangibles de la empresa (A/V y AF/AT) son mayores tambin para las
empresas que no realizaron actividades de innovacin y no coordinaron
tecnolgicamente con otros entes que aquellas que s realizaron dichas
actividades. En el indicador de recursos comerciales o capacidad de
exportacin (X/V), las empresas que tuvieron un mayor nivel en este
indicador no realizaron actividades de innovacin ni de ciencia y tecnologa
aunque aparentemente s realizaron actividades de coordinacin con otros
entes. Finalmente, el indicador I&D (porcentaje de los gastos en I&D con
respecto al valor de los gastos generales) fue mayor para las empresas que
no coordinaron con otros entes que el respectivo indicador de las empresas
que s realizaron dichas actividades. Cabe notar que el tamao (en nmero
de trabajadores) para este grupo de empresas es menor que el respectivo
tamao de las empresas que s coordinaron con otros entes.
14
entre estas variables y en la subsiguiente seccin se estima la relevancia
estadstica de dichas asociaciones.
15
III. RENTABILIDAD, CIENCIA, TECNOLOGA, COOPERACIN
TECNOLGICA Y TIC: Especificacin del Modelo
20
Por ejemplo los trabajos de Dierickx y Cool (1989), Barney (1991), Amit y
Schoemaker (1993), Teece et al (1997), y Barney et al (2001).
16
2004b). As, la complementariedad entre los recursos internos de la empresa
y los recursos externos aportados por el socio tecnolgico es el
desencadenante del xito del acuerdo de cooperacin y la obtencin de
innovaciones en producto, procesos, comercializacin y/o en organizacin21.
21
Miotti y Sachwald (2003) y Belderbos et al (2004a) muestran estos hechos.
17
Las siguientes especificaciones estimadas en la siguiente seccin pretenden
verificar las relaciones planteadas.
nrtec nri 3
[3.2c] Zt-1.= j.RTECijt-1 + j.RInijt-1 + j.Xijt-1 + j.Dj; para t-1=2004
j=1 j=1 j=1
18
Los indicadores de rentabilidad de las empresas son los nueve definidos en
el Cuadro A4A. Estas rentabilidades fueron descritas en la seccin anterior.
Para las estimaciones los indicadores de rentabilidad se calculan por
empresa. Las variables que representan los recursos bsicos tecnolgicos
son 7:
DTIC1: variable binaria que toma el valor 1 si la empresa cuenta con un sitio
web, realiza rdenes de compra y/o ordena por internet, o utiliza el internet
para actividades de investigacin y desarrollo, servicio al cliente o
distribucin de productos en lnea. Caso contrario el valor de la variable es
cero22;
DTIC2: variable binaria que toma el valor 1 si la empresa usa internet y cero
si no lo usa23;
Las variables que representan los recursos intangibles son tres y sus
definiciones estn descritas en el Cuadro No A4A. La variables W/A
representa el recurso (o capital) humano, X/V representa el recurso
22
Para esta variable existieron varias alternativas. Sin embargo, la mayora de
ellas no tenan muchos valores cero. DTIC 1 tiene 56 ceros y 283 unos.
23
DTIC2 tiene 23 ceros y 316 unos. Tambin se dispuso de la variable intensidad
de las TIC. Se usaron dos variables de intensidad: INT-TIC1 la cual representa
el porcentaje de los empleados de la empresa que usa Internet para su rutina
diaria de trabajo; y INT-TIC2 la cual representa porcentaje de los empleados de
la empresa que usa una PC para su rutina diaria de trabajo. La primera
variable tiene 2 ceros, 108 valores iguales a 100 y 207 valores entre 0 y 100.
La segunda variable tiene 8 ceros, 118 valores iguales a 100 y 210 entre 0 y
100. Los resultados de las regresiones con estas variables de intensidad TIIC
se presentan en los Cuadros del No A7A/B al A9. Los bajos coeficientes de
variacin, 55.8% para INT-TIC1 y 47.5% para INT-TIC2 reducen la significancia
estadstica de los coeficientes de las estimaciones con estas variables.
19
comercial, reputacin o la capacidad de exportar de la empresa y Exp., (el
nmero de aos de existencia de las empresas) representa el recurso
organizativo de las firmas. Los recursos tangibles son dos, definidos tambin
en el Cuadro No A4A. La variable AF/AT representa el recurso fsico de las
empresas y la variable A/V el recurso financiero de las mismas.
24
El primer grupo, D1, representa las ramas que procesan productos primarios.
Estas son Fabricacin de Productos no Metlicos, Transformacin de Metales No
Ferrosos, Productos Metlicos, Fabricacin de Papel, Caucho y Plstico, y
Siderurgia. En el 2005, el valor agregado real de este grupo de ramas
represent el 28% del valor agregado real de manufacturas del Per. El
segundo grupo, D2, representa las ramas de industrias ligeras y de productos
maduros o estndar. Este grupo incluye las ramas de Fabricacin de Textiles,
Fabricacin de Prendas de Vestir, Impresin y Edicin, Industria Madera y
Muebles, Fabricacin de Calzado, Preparacin del Cuero y Productos
Manufacturados Diversos. En el 2005, el valor agregado real de este grupo de
ramas represent el 26% del valor agregado real de manufacturas del Per. El
tercer grupo, D3 representa las ramas intensivas en tecnologa. Estas incluyen
a Qumicos Bsicos, Otros Productos Qumicos, Maquinaria Elctrica,
Farmacuticos y Medicamentos, Construccin de Material de Transporte, y
Construccin de Maquinaria No Elctrica. En el 2005, el valor agregado real de
este grupo de ramas represent el 13% del valor agregado real de
manufacturas del Per. El cuarto grupo, D4 (no incluido en las estimaciones)
representa a las ramas alimenticias (Molinera y Panadera), Bebidas y Tabaco.
En el 2005, el valor agregado real de este grupo de ramas represent el 11%
del valor agregado real de manufacturas del Per.
20
sector del valor total de manufacturas del Per. El Cuadro No 4 presenta los
coeficientes de correlacin de los indicadores del Cuadro No 3. Las cifras de
estos dos ltimos cuadros sugieren por un lado, a excepcin del indicador de
rentabilidad IR6 (porcentaje del excedente de explotacin del total de ventas
netas), todos los indicadores de rentabilidad estn estadstica, positiva y
significativamente asociados, y de otro lado, que los ndices de rentabilidad
estn asociados positiva aunque no significativamente a la relativa
importancia del sector en trminos del valor agregado.
25
Tambin se estimaron los errores estndar de Huber (1967)-White (1980) con
similares resultados. En los cuadros se registran estos errores cuando los
coeficientes con los errores estndar de Newey y West no son
estadsticamente significativos.
26
Las cuales reemplazan a las variables binarias DINN1 y DINN2.
27
Los Cuadros No A7A/B y A8A/B muestran las estimaciones para los
indicadores de las intensidades de los indicadores TICS, INT-TIC1 e INT-TIC2.
21
Todas estas estimaciones y ajustes de los errores estndar de los
coeficientes se realizaron para determinar la fortaleza (robustez) estadstica
de los resultados. As, en las 2 primeras columnas de los Cuadros No 5A/B se
reportan los valores mnimo y mximo de todas las regresiones
(estimaciones) realizadas y las siguientes dos columnas se reportan el
porcentaje de coeficientes de signo positivo y negativo estadsticamente
significativos de dichas regresiones28.
28
A excepcin de las dos variables TIC, para el total de los 10 coeficientes de los
Cuadros No 5A y 6Ase estimaron 30 errores estndar por cada variable
independiente. Para los 8 coeficientes de los Cuadros No 5/B y 6/B se
estimaron 24 errores estndar. Para cada variable TIC de los Cuadros No 5A y
6A se estimaron 5 coeficientes y 15 errores estndar y para los Cuadros No 5B
y 6B se estomaron 4 coeficientes y 12 errores estndar.
29
Cabe mencionar adems que no todas las actividades de innovacin
necesariamente resultan en innovaciones efectivas que conduzcan a
incrementos de la rentabilidad a las empresas.
30
El uso de las variables de intensidad de uso de las TIC por la poca variabilidad
de las observaciones de la muestra producen resultados frgiles
estadsticamente. Estos resultados son mostrados en los Cuadros No A7A/B y
A8A/B del anexo de cuadros.
31
Cabe sealar que los coeficientes de correlacin entre el indicador de coordinacin
y TIC1 con el resto de recursos bsicos tecnolgicos no fueron estadsticamente
significativos.
22
representan el tamao y recurso tangibles, fueron positivos y
estadsticamente significativos en la mayora de las regresiones reportadas
en el Cuadro No 5A/B. El siguiente indicador con incidencia positiva y
estadsticamente significativo para las rentabilidades de las empresas,
aunque menos robusto (en particular para los indicadores del IR6 al IR9) fue
el indicador proxy del recurso humano (W/A).
32
Cabe sealar que no se dispuso de informacin de los factores econmicos
para constatar esta hiptesis. Note tambin que los datos usados son de corte
transversal con un solo ao de informacin de rentabilidades de las empresas,
el 2005, y un solo ao de informacin de los recursos tecnolgicos, el 2004.
23
La segunda hiptesis del bajo poder explicativo de los recursos empresariales
(en particular los tecnolgicos y humanos) es la ausencia de firmas que
realizan actividades CTeI y el bajo capital humano en las empresas
peruanas. En la muestra de 339 empresas, slo el 13% (44) de ellas
invirtieron en actividades I&D y 44% (150) de firmas no gastaron en
actividades de innovacin. Para la muestra de CONCYTEC-INEI (2004) de
1312 empresas manufactureras slo el 8.5% de ellas realizaron gastos en
I&D y 43% invirtieron en actividades de innovacin. De otro lado, para la
misma muestra de empresas slo el 14.9% de los empleados de estas
empresas tenan educacin superior o de post-grado (Cuadro No A2). Estos
hechos estilizados tambin son consistentes con la ausencia de cambios
sustantivos de la productividad factorial de la economa peruana.
33
Los resultados con las probabilidades estimadas con el modelo Logit son
similares y no se reportan.
24
significativas. Una explicacin alternativa es que las probabilidades de
innovacin recogen toda la informacin del resto de indicadores bsicos
tecnolgicos y que por consiguiente es a travs de la ocurrencia de los
resultados innovadores que dichos recursos tecnolgicos bsicos inciden
sobre las rentabilidades de las empresas34. Un resultado que apoya a esta
conjetura es que los grados de ajuste (R2-adj), para prcticamente todas las
regresiones de los Cuadros No 7A/B y A8A/B, son los ms altos cuando slo
las probabilidades de ocurrencia de las innovaciones se incluyen en las
regresiones. En este caso, dichas probabilidades representan al conjunto de
los recursos bsicos tecnolgicos.
34
Cabe tambin resaltar que la variable DINN1 no fue estadsticamente
significativa en las regresiones MCO, pero si lo fue cuando se estima las
regresiones con las probabilidades de ocurrencia de innovaciones en productos
y procesos.
25
CUADRO No 3
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de una Muestra de Empresas
Manufactureras por Ramas Industriales, 2005
Descripcin IR 1 IR 2 IR 3 IR 4 IR 5 IR 6 IR 7 IR 8 IR 9 VA/VAT1
Molinera y panadera 23.4 13.3 25.0 12.5 9.2 11.3 5.6 4.9 3.5 6.5
Bebidas y tabaco 17.3 3.9 -0.6 0.7 -1.8 30.4 -1.6 -14.4 -17.1 4.3
Fabricacin de textiles 27.3 5.4 -20.8 3.9 2.3 23.2 4.7 1.8 0.4 7.9
Fabricacin de prendas de vestir 26.2 12.9 22.8 12.0 8.7 17.7 7.8 7.0 5.1 7.5
Fabricacin de cueros 7.7 -7.3 -24.6 -12.6 -12.6 8.2 -8.4 -14.1 -14.1 0.3
Fabricacin de calzado 35.3 19.7 35.5 15.1 9.3 19.9 10.9 8.2 5.0 0.4
Industria de madera y muebles 30.4 8.2 -12.6 5.3 4.2 24.9 6.6 4.0 3.3 3.5
Fabricacin de papel 18.9 6.0 2.5 3.6 1.7 16.0 4.1 1.5 0.2 3.6
Impresin y edicin 23.9 9.8 -0.8 5.0 2.5 20.5 7.4 4.2 2.0 3.6
Qumicos bsicos 10.9 2.1 -2.9 0.3 -0.3 13.3 1.5 -5.8 -6.5 3.3
Farmacuticos y medicamentos 24.4 11.9 69.5 8.8 5.1 19.7 10.0 7.4 4.3 1.1
Otros productos qumicos 29.3 5.6 7.9 3.2 1.2 23.1 3.1 1.1 -0.5 5.1
Caucho y plstico 17.4 8.2 10.3 5.7 3.3 14.9 6.5 4.1 2.2 3.1
Fabricacin de prod. no metlicos 27.4 9.4 8.0 8.4 5.4 27.4 12.4 11.9 7.7 7.7
Siderurgia 21.2 9.5 14.3 7.1 4.7 21.0 9.6 6.8 4.6 2.9
Transf. de metales no ferrosos 17.0 9.4 16.2 7.3 5.6 12.5 6.2 4.2 3.1 6.2
Productos metlicos 21.3 9.4 15.1 7.1 4.9 14.5 6.3 4.0 2.3 4.1
Construccin de maq. no elctrica 2.3 4.3 7.9 2.8 2.0 3.7 4.3 2.3 1.7 0.6
Maquinaria elctrica 25.9 16.2 21.4 13.8 8.7 17.6 10.6 9.1 5.7 1.6
Const. de material de transporte 15.0 8.0 8.8 4.6 3.0 16.4 8.1 4.6 2.9 0.8
Productos manufacturados diversos 34.4 12.6 22.5 11.4 9.1 15.0 6.8 6.4 4.9 2.4
Total Mega 18.5 10.4 15.6 9.4 6.5 14.2 7.7 6.8 4.7
Total Grande 17.6 9.1 9.1 7.0 4.2 17.5 8.8 5.7 3.0
Total Mediana 19.1 8.4 15.1 5.9 3.4 14.7 5.7 3.3 1.4
Total Pequea 32.1 7.9 2.2 5.6 3.8 23.7 3.8 0.7 -0.4
TOTAL 22.7 8.4 9.2 6.2 3.8 18.5 6.1 3.3 1.5 76.5
1
Fuente: INEI (2005,2009). Elaboracin Propia. Porcentaje del Valor Agregado del Valor Agregado Total.
26
CUADRO No 4
Porcentaje del Valor Agregado de las Ramas Industriales CIUU del Valor Agregado Total
Descripcin IR 1 IR 2 IR 3 IR 4 IR 5 IR 6 IR 7 IR 8 IR 9 VA/VAT1
Matriz de Correlaciones
IR 1 1
IR 2 0.6889*** 1
IR 3 0.3217 0.7037*** 1
IR 4 0.6638*** 0.9785*** 0.6867*** 1
IR 5 0.6296** 0.943*** 0.6396** 0.986*** 1
IR 6 0.5988** 0.2115 -0.0342 0.1828 0.131 1
IR 7 0.5591** 0.856*** 0.602** 0.8607*** 0.8576*** 0.2708 1
IR 8 0.5534** 0.8043*** 0.5592** 0.8287*** 0.8449*** 0.0834 0.9475*** 1
-
IR 9 0.5109** 0.7592*** 0.5111** 0.7913*** 0.8259*** 0.9059*** 0.9895*** 1
0.0103
1
VA/VAT 0.0357 0.003 -0.0131 0.0122 0.0178 0.027 0.0143 0.0213 0.0217 1
1
Fuente: INEI (2005,2009). Elaboracin Propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Porcentaje del Valor Agregado del Valor Agregado Total.
27
CUADRO No 5A
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR1 al IR5, Mtodo de Mnimos Cuadrados Ordinarios
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Sin DINN
Pos
Neg Pos .
Pos. Neg. Pos. Pos. Neg. Neg. Pos. Neg. Neg.
. . Sig
Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig.
Sig. Sig. .
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
(%) (%) (%
)
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A 0.3 0.5 60.0 0.0 0.3*** 0.5 60.0 0.0 0.1 0.4*** 60.0 0.0 0.3 0.5 60.0 0.0 0.1 0.4*** 60.0 0.0 0.3 0.5*** 60.0 0.0
-0.1E- -0.3E-
Dcoor 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0
2 2
DINN1((pro -0.3E-
-0.1 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0
d) 1
DINN2(org +
0.1E-1 0.2** 50.0 0.0 -0.5E-2 0.1 50.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1+ 50.0 0.0
)
INN/G 0.1* 0.4 60.0 0.0 0.1* 0.5* 80.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 60.0 0.0 0.1* 0.5* 80.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 60.0 0.0 0.1* 0.4* 80.0 0.0
-0.2E- 0.4E- 0.4E- 0.3E-
DTIC1 0.4E-1+ 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 40.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 40.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.4E-1* 40.0 0.0
1 1* 1* 1+
-0.4E- 0.5E- 0.4E- -0.1E- 0.5E- 0.4E- -0.2E-
DTIC2 0.4E-1* 20.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 40.0 0.0 -0.5E-1 20.0 0.0 40.0 0.0 -0.5E-1 20.0 0.0 0.1** 60.0 0.0
1 1* 1* 1 1* 1* 1
Recursos Intangibles
X/V -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0
W/A 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0
Recursos Tangibles
-0.3E- -0.3E- -0.3E-
PAS/PAT 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
2 2 2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
- -0.2E- - -0.2E- -
A/V -0.2E-1 0.0 60.0 -0.2*** 0.1E-2 0.0 50.0 -0.2*** 0.0 60.0 0.3E-2 0.0 50.0 -0.2*** 0.0 60.0
0.2*** 1 0.2*** 1 0.2*** -0.4E-2 0.0 70.0
-0.2E- -0.2E- -0.2E- -0.2E-
AF/AT -0.2 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 0.0 20.0 -0.2 0.0 20.0 -0.1 0.0 20.0 -0.2 0.0 20.0
1 1 1 1 -0.2* -0.3E-1 0.0 40.0
-0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E-
Aos 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0
2 2 2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0
Tamao
A 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.5E-7 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0
-0.4E- -0.1E- -0.5E- -0.2E- -0.4E- -0.2E- -0.5E- -0.2E- -0.5E-
L -0.2E-4 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 4 4+ 4 4 4 4+ 4 4* -0.1E-4 0.0 10.0
Sectores
-0.1E- -0.2E- -0.1E-
D1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
1 1 2 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2** 20.0 0.0
-0.3E- -0.3E- -0.2E-
D3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
1 1 1 0.1 0.0 0.0
-0.3E-
C 0.3* 20.0 0.0 0.4E-2 0.3* 20.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.3* 20.0 0.0 0.4E-2 0.3* 20.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.3* 20.0 0.0
3 0.4E-2 0.3*** 60.0 0.0
R2-adj 0.5E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.4E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.5E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.4E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.5E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.5E-1 0.1 n.d n.d
F 2.0 3.4 n.d n.d 1.8 3.3 n.d n.d 2.0 3.6 n.d n.d 2.0 3.6 n.d n.d 2.2 3.8 n.d n.d 2.4 3.7 n.d n.d
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero de
28
observaciones de la muestra es de 339. El rango de coeficientes de regresin se determinan a base de 10 regresiones. En el caso de DTIC1 y DTIC2 se usaron 5 regresiones por variable.
CUADRO No 5B
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR6 al IR9, Mtodo de Mnimos Cuadrados Ordinarios
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Sin DINN
Pos Ne
Neg
Neg Neg . g.
Pos. . Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg. Pos. Pos.
. . Sig Sig
Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max
Sig. Sig. . .
(%) (% (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
(%) (%) (% (%
)
) )
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A 0.2 0.4*** 75.0 0.0 0.2 0.4*** 75.0 0.0 0.2 0.4*** 75.0 0.0 0.2 0.4*** 75.0 0.0 0.2 0.4*** 75.0 0.0 0.2 0.5*** 75.0 0.0
Dcoor 0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0
DINN1((pro
-0.1E-1 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.2E-1 12.5 0.0
d)
0.3E- 0.3E-
DINN2(org) 0.1E-2 0.3E-1* 25.0 0.0
-0.01 1**
75.0 0.0 -0.4E-2
1**
75.0 0.0
INN/G 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.2* 0.3 75.0 0.0
DTIC1 -0.2E-1 0.1* 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1* 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1* 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1* 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1* 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1++ 75.0 0.0
DTIC2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
Recursos Intangibles
X/V -0.3+ -0.3E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.3* -0.3E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.3E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.4E-1 0.0 50.0 -0.3* -0.4E-1 0.0 50.0 -0.3* -0.4E-1 0.0 50.0
W/A -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0
Recursos Tangibles
PAS/PAT -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0
A/V -0.1++ 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1* 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0
AF/AT -0.1* 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 37.5
Aos -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.4E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.4E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0
Tamao
0.4E- 0.5E- 0.4E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.4E-
A 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0
0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0
-0.5E- -0.5E- -0.5E- -0.5E- -0.5E-
L 4++
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 50.0
4++
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 37.5
4*
-0.3E-4 0.0 62.5
4++
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 62.5
4++
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 62.5
-0.4E-4* -0.3E-4 0.0 50.0
29
Sectores
D1 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1+ 0.0 0.0 0.5E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D3 0.1E-1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.4E-1* 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
C -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0
R2-adj 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d
F 2.1 3.2 n.d n.d 2.2 3.3 n.d n.d 2.2 3.5 n.d n.d 2.4 3.5 n.d n.d 2.4 3.6 n.d n.d 2.6 3.6 n.d n.d
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero de
observaciones de la muestra es de 339. Los clculos se hacen sobre la base de 8 ecuaciones; slo en el caso de DTIC1 y DTIC2 se toman 4 ecuaciones para c/u.
30
CUADRO No 6
Coeficientes de las Estimaciones de la Ecuacin 3.2
Innovacin en Producto y/o Proceso Innovacin en Organizacin y/o
(DINN1) Comercializacin (DINN2)
Probit1 Probit2 Logit1 Logit2 Probit1 Probit2 Logit1 Logit2
Recursos Bsicos Tecnolgicos
I&D/A 50.72*** 51.28*** 107.41*** 111.77** 3.58 3.90 5.52 6.00
DCoor 0.93*** 0.97*** 1.58*** 1.63*** 0.46* 0.51** 0.75* 0.82**
INN/G 5.16*** 4.54*** 9.41*** 8.94*** 2.99** 2.71** 5.19** 4.78**
DTIC1 0.96*** 1.69*** 0.80*** 1.31***
DTIC2 1.06*** 1.76*** 0.91** 1.46**
Recursos Intangibles y Tamao
Exp 0.006 0.007 0.009 0.011 0.006 0.007 0.009 0.011
L 0.0006** 0.0007*** 0.0010** 0.0011** 0.0006*** 0.0007*** 0.001** 0.0013**
Sectores
D1 0.40 0.49 0.69 0.85 -0.32 -0.23 -0.54 -0.36
D2 0.43 0.47 0.69 0.82 -0.23 -0.16 -0.38 -0.25
D3 0.77** 0.86*** 1.25** 1.38** 0.07 0.17 0.10 0.28
31
CUADRO No 7A
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR1 al IR5, Mtodo de MCO con Probabilidades de Innovacin
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Slo c/ DINN1 DINN2
Pos
Neg . Neg
Pos. Neg. Pos. Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg.
. Sig .
Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max
Sig. . Sig.
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
(%) (% (%)
)
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A -2.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 -1 0.5 0.0 0.0 -2.6 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.4 50.0 0.0 -0.9 0.3 30.0 0.0
Dcoor -0.4 -0.1E-1 0.0 10.0 -0.1 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.2E-1 0.0 10.0
P(DINN1) -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.5* 20.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3 10.0 0.0 0.1 0.2** 80.0 0.0
P(DINN2) 0.1 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.4 30.0 0.0 0.1 1 10.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0
INN/G -2.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 -2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3 20.0 0.0 -0.6 0.3 0.0 0.0
DTIC1 -0.6 -0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0
DTIC2 -0.1 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
Recursos Intangibles
X/V -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0
W/A 0.1 0.4*** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.4*** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0 0.1 0.4** 80.0 0.0
Recursos Tangibles
PAS/PAT -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
A/V -0.2*** 0.1E-1 0.0 50.0 -0.2*** 0.1E-1 0.0 30.0 -0.2*** 0.1E-1 0.0 50.0 -0.2*** 0.5E-2 0.0 50.0 -0.2*** 0.1E-1 0.0 60.0 -0.2*** 0.3E-2 0.0 60.0
-0.2E-
AF/AT -0.2 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.2 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.2 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.2 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0
-0.1
1
0.0 20.0
-0.1E-
Aos -0.3E-2 0.2E-2 0.0 30.0 -0.1E-2 0.2E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.2E-2 0.0 20.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.2E-2 0.0 10.0 2*
0.3E-2 0.0 40.0
Tamao
A 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.5E-7 60.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0
-0.3E- -0.2E- -0.3E- -0.3E- -0.3E-
L -0.3E-3 4** 0.0 60.0 -0.8E-4 4* 0.0 80.0 -0.3E-3 4** 0.0 60.0 -0.6E-4 -0.2E-4 0.0 60.0 -0.1E-3 4** 0.0 80.0
-0.7E-4
4**
0.0 80.0
Sectores
D1 -0.1E-1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.5E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1** 20.0 0.0
D3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.08 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
C -0.3 0.3 10.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.3* 20.0 0.0 -0.3 0.3* 20.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.3* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3* 20.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 40.0 0.0
R2-adj 0.4E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.4E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.4E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.4E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.4E-1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d
F 1.8 3.6 n.d n.d 1.9 3.5 n.d n.d 1.9 3.8 n.d n.d 2 3.7 n.d n.d 2 3.9 n.d n.d 2.6 4.8 n.d n.d
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero de
observaciones de la muestra es de 339. Los clculos se hacen sobre la base de 10 ecuaciones; slo en el caso de DTIC1 y DTIC2 se toman 5 ecuaciones para c/u.
32
CUADRO No 7B
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR6 al IR9, Mtodo de MCO con Probabilidades de Innovacin
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Slo c/ DINN1 DINN2
Pos
Neg Pos .
Pos. Neg. Pos. Pos. Neg. Neg. Pos. Neg. Neg.
. . Sig
Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig.
Sig. Sig. .
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
(%) (%) (%
)
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.2 0.0 0.0
-0.5E- -0.5E- 0.4E-
Dcoor
1* 0.3E-2 0.0 12.5 -0.2E-1 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0 1* 2 0.0 12.5
P(DINN1) 0.5E-2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.1** 25.0 0.0 0.4E-1 0.1* 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.1*** 75.0 0.0
0.4**
P(DINN2) 0.1 0.2*** 75.0 0.0
0.1 0.4* 37.5 0.0 0.1 * 62.5 0.0 0.1 0.3** 75.0 0.0
INN/G -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4E-1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.2 0.0 0.0
-
DTIC1 -0.6E- -0.6E- 0.2E- -0.3E- -0.2E-
1 -0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 1* 1 0.0 25.0 1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.5E-1 2 0.0 0.0
0.4E-
DTIC2
-0.1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0
Recursos Intangibles
-
X/V -0.4E- 0.4E- -0.4E- -0.4E- -0.3* -0.04 0.0 50.0
-0.3 -0.4E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.3 1 0.0 25.0 -0.3* 1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* 1 0.0 50.0 -0.3* 1 0.0 37.5
W/A -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 12.5 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0
Recursos Tangibles
-
-0.1E-
PAS/PAT -0.1E- -0.1E- 0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E-2
2
0.0 0.0
2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 2 0.0 0.0 2 2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 2 0.0 0.0
0.2E-
A/V -0.1* 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0
-0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1** 1 0.0 25.0 -0.1* 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0
AF/AT -0.1* 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 25.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 25.0
-
-0.1E-
Aos -0.1E- -0.1E- 0.1E- -0.4E- -0.1E- -0.1E-
2*
0.1E-3 0.0 12.5
2*** -0.1E-3 0.0 25.0 -0.5E-3 0.2E-3 0.0 0.0 2*** 3 0.0 25.0 3 0.2E-3 0.0 0.0 2* 3 0.0 25.0
Tamao
0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.4E-
A 0.2E-7 75.0 0.0
0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0 0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0 0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0 0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0 0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0 7***
-
-0.1E- -0.4E-
L -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.4E- -0.1E- 0.4E- -0.1E- -0.4E- -0.1E- -0.5E-
3*** 4**
0.0 100.0
3*** -0.4E-4 0.0 75.0 3** 4** 0.0 87.5 3*** 4 0.0 75.0 3** 4** 0.0 87.5 3*** 4 0.0 87.5
Sectores
33
-0.4E- -0.1E-
D1 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-2 0.1 0.0 0.0 1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4E-2 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
-0.5E- 0.3E- -0.5E-
D3 -0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0
2 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-2 1 0.0 0.0 2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 0.4E-2 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0
C -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2*** 25.0 0.0
R2-adj 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d 0.1 0.1 n.d n.d
F 2.1 3.6 n.d n.d 2.2 3.5 n.d n.d 2.2 3.8 n.d n.d 2.4 3.7 n.d n.d 2.4 3.9 n.d n.d 2.7 4.8 n.d n.d
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero de
observaciones de la muestra es de 339. Los clculos se hacen sobre la base de 8 ecuaciones; slo en el caso de DTIC1 y DTIC2 se toman 4 ecuaciones para c/u.
34
V. CONCLUSIONES
Los indicadores son consistentes con la usual presuncin del dbil desarrollo
tecnolgico y de la baja prioridad que se le otorga a las actividades de
ciencia, tecnologa e innovacin en el Per. As, en el 2007, el Per inverta
0.1 centavos por cada dlar de PBI producido en I&D; de un total de 4861
empresas en el 2004, slo 4.5% de ellas realizaba actividades de ciencia y
tecnologa invirtiendo 0.3 centavos por dlar de gasto general, 34.8%
realizaba actividades de innovacin invirtiendo 0.7 centavos por dlar de
ventas; y 5.2% realizaba actividades de coordinacin, colaboracin o
cooperacin en actividades de innovacin con otros entes.
35
cambios de las productividades factoriales totales de las empresas los cuales
son la base para el crecimiento sostenido y sostenible de una economa. Las
evidencias a nivel del Per presentadas aqu y la de otros autores citados en
el trabajo as como las evidencias sobre el bajo crecimiento de la
productividad factorial del Per (reportados en Rodrguez y Tello, 2010;
Tvara y Tello, 2010; y Tello, 2009) son consistentes con esta hiptesis.
Las deficiencias sealadas del sistema de CTeI35 y uso de las TIC, el poco
apoyo poltico y econmico del gobierno a este sistema, y la baja propensin
de las empresas en dedicar recursos a las actividades CTeI y a cooperar
tecnolgicamente reportados en el presente trabajo y en la literatura
revisada, refuerzan la tesis del limitado crecimiento de las empresas y de la
economa a base de cambios sostenidos de la productividad factorial total.
En consecuencia, si el crecimiento del Per se desea que sea sostenible y
sustentable entonces se hace imprescindible y urgente generar el ambiente e
incentivos propicios para una mayor preponderancia de la ciencia, tecnologa
e innovacin y el uso efectivo de los instrumentos TIC en las actividades
empresariales.
35
Que segn autores como Sagasti y Kuramoto, 2003 afirman que es inexistente
en el Per.
36
REFERENCIAS
Belderbos, R., Carree, M. y Lokshin, B., 2004b. Co-operative R&D and firm
performance. Research Policy, 33, pp. 1477-1492.
37
an econometric analysis at the firm level. Economics of Innovation and New
Technology, 7(2): 115-158.
38
Lf, H. y Heshmati, A.,2002. Knowledge capital and performance
heterogeneity: a firm-level innovation study. International Journal of
Production Economics, 76(1): 6185.
McKeown, Max, 2008. The Truth About Innovation. London, UK: Prentice Hall
Rodrguez, J., M.D. Tello, 2009. Labor Productivity in Peru. Final Report,
World Bank.
Teece, D., Pisano, G. y Shuen, A., 1997. Dynamic capabilities and strategic
Management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), pp. 509-533.
39
F.Jmenez, eds. Crisis Internacional, Impactos y Respuestas de Poltica
Econmica en el Per. PUCP.
40
ANEXOS DE CUADROS
41
CUADRO No A1
Indicadores de Tecnologas de la Informacin y la Comunicacin del Per Segn Encuestas 2004 y 2007
% de Empresas que Cuentan con Uso del Internet N de Computadoras
1 Informacin de
Sector N Sitio Ordenes por Centro de Servicio Por Por
PC's Internet Intranet Extranet Productos y
Web Internet2 Investigacin al Cliente Empresa Empleado
Procesos
Primario 362 89.3 71.3 15.3 4.4 17.5 26.6 4.4 62.3 22.7 27 0.23
Agricultura, caza y silvicultura 160 82.6 55.7 6.1 1.8 10.2 21.1 6.0 49.4 18.2 9 0.11
Pesca 59 95.1 78.7 8.2 1.7 6.8 30.5 0.0 63.8 28.1 5 0.20
Extraccin de petrleo 28 96.4 92.9 28.6 14.3 39.3 39.3 7.1 82.1 42.9 48 0.41
Extraccin de minerales 114 94.0 84.6 29.2 7.2 27.6 29.3 4.3 74.6 21.2 56 0.27
Manufacturas y Construcin 1,459 92.4 78.5 17.9 5.7 30 42.6 2.7 72.4 38.5 23 0.29
Manufacturas 1,250 92.5 79.9 19.5 6.0 32.6 44.9 5.4 73.9 40.9 25 0.29
Fabricacin de productos lcteos 25 84.6 69.2 7.7 3.8 25.0 37.5 3.8 62.5 25.0 68 0.57
Elaboracin de pescado 34 97.1 94.3 35.3 6.1 32.4 47.1 5.7 85.3 39.4 31 0.22
Molinera y panadera 103 80.6 57.0 8.7 1.9 12.6 20.6 1.9 52.4 20.6 13 0.26
Elaboracin y refinacin de
2 100.0 100.0 50.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0 100.0 50.0 67 0.10
Azcar
Otros productos alimenticios 107 92.7 76.1 20.4 3.7 29.0 40.7 5.5 67.3 31.8 29 0.31
Bebidas y tabaco 36 97.2 80.6 17.1 11.8 19.4 38.9 11.1 75.0 36.1 39 0.26
Fabricacin de textiles 68 95.7 88.4 19.1 11.8 34.8 55.1 1.4 76.8 47.8 40 0.22
Fabricacin de prendas de vestir 64 93.8 83.1 28.1 10.9 37.5 45.3 3.1 75.0 43.8 28 0.16
Preparacin del cuero 12 76.9 61.5 9.1 0.0 23.1 23.1 0.0 61.5 38.5 6 0.36
Fabricacin de calzado 11 81.8 63.6 9.1 0.0 36.4 36.4 0.0 63.6 36.4 4 0.06
Industria de madera y muebles 77 88.5 64.1 13.2 5.3 19.5 33.8 0.0 62.3 27.3 6 0.15
Fabricacin de papel 19 89.5 89.5 31.6 5.3 26.3 52.6 5.3 89.5 36.8 23 0.23
Impresin y edicin 107 97.2 83.5 27.1 7.5 32.7 51.4 2.8 79.4 45.8 20 0.40
Qumicos bsicos 29 89.7 82.8 24.1 6.9 37.9 51.7 10.3 79.3 51.7 34 0.58
Farmacuticos y medicamentos 23 100.0 91.3 36.4 4.8 47.8 60.9 17.4 95.7 60.9 49 0.30
Otros productos qumicos 69 95.8 83.1 28.2 10.0 33.8 52.9 12.7 77.9 45.6 27 0.54
Refinacin de petrleo 7 100.0 100.0 71.4 42.9 71.4 28.6 14.3 85.7 42.9 263 0.76
Caucho y plstico 104 96.2 88.6 15.5 3.9 41.9 54.3 4.8 80.8 49.0 18 0.33
Fabricacin de productos no
58 90.0 76.7 28.1 8.8 41.4 43.3 8.3 65.5 41.4 26 0.30
metlicos
Siderurgia 15 87.5 75.0 37.5 18.8 46.7 46.7 18.8 66.7 66.7 55 0.37
42
CUADRO No A1
Indicadores de Tecnologas de la Informacin y la Comunicacin del Per Segn Encuestas 2004 y 2007
% de Empresas que Cuentan con Uso del Internet N de Computadoras
1 Informacin de
Sector N Sitio Ordenes por Centro de Servicio Por Por
PC's Internet Intranet Extranet Productos y
Web Internet2 Investigacin al Cliente Empresa Empleado
Procesos
Transformacin de metales no
23 100.0 100.0 22.7 0.0 52.2 60.9 4.3 95.5 43.5 46 0.22
ferrosos
Productos metlicos 124 97.6 88.1 11.2 2.4 28.2 47.6 1.6 83.6 49.2 10 0.29
Construccin de maquinaria no
37 84.6 71.8 7.9 2.6 43.2 45.9 10.3 67.6 37.8 14 0.28
elctrica
Maquinaria elctrica 36 97.2 94.4 11.8 5.9 52.8 58.3 13.9 83.3 52.8 19 0.42
Construccin de material de
29 90.0 86.7 20.0 10.0 44.8 58.6 10.0 86.2 41.4 21 0.23
transporte
Productos manufacturados diversos 32 87.5 65.6 12.5 0.0 28.1 28.1 6.5 56.3 37.5 14 0.46
Construccin 209 92.0 70.7 8.5 3.8 14.5 28.4 0.0 63.8 23.8 10 0.22
Tecnolgicos 505 85.2 71.6 21.1 10 30.6 27 1.1 62.1 35.7 49 0.74
Electricidad y agua 72 95.9 86.5 41.7 16.7 49.3 22.5 1.4 84.7 40.3 99 0.74
Transporte y comunicaciones 433 83.5 69.2 17.8 8.9 27.6 27.8 0.7 58.3 35.0 40 0.75
Servicios y Comercio 2,363 90.6 76.2 19.9 7.8 29.9 36.5 1.1 66 37.8 30 0.43
Comercio 1,301 87.6 70.3 16.6 5.6 20.2 39.6 0.7 61.4 32.0 18 0.42
Financiero 35 97.2 97.2 58.8 29.4 77.1 22.9 2.8 80.6 58.3 411 1.22
Seguros 29 96.6 93.1 51.7 39.3 69.0 34.5 0.0 79.3 62.1 146 0.67
Servicios prestados a empresas 612 95.5 84.7 25.7 12.1 38.6 35.0 1.6 73.0 43.9 27 0.28
Restaurantes y hoteles 166 85.5 73.8 10.2 4.2 50.9 36.5 1.8 62.7 51.2 13 0.25
Servicios a hogares mercantiles 124 95.2 78.6 16.1 2.4 27.4 21.8 0.0 68.5 34.7 19 0.42
Servicios a hogares no mercantiles 5 100.0 60.0 40.0 0.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 60.0 20.0 6 0.52
Salud privada 88 98.9 93.3 27.9 8.1 43.8 31.5 4.5 78.7 42.7 58 0.43
Educacin privada 1 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 1 0.14
Servicios gubernamentales 2 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 2 0.08
Total 2004 4,688 90.5 76.1 19.1 7.1 29.1 36.6 2.5 67.3 36.6 29 0.39
Total 2007 1,277 79.3 75.2 19.9 6.9 40.0 51.0 5.6 73.3 44.8 19 0.21
Fuente: CONCYTEC-INEI (2004), INEI (2007). Elaboracin propia. 1 N es el promedio del nmero de empresas que se tomaron en cuenta para cada indicador segn encuestas. 2
Si la empresa recibe
rdenes de compra de terceros, o si realiza pedidos de bienes y/o servicios a otras empresas mediante internet.
43
CUADRO No A2
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas por Sectores en el Per, 2004 (%)
ACT L-G2 INN Coord
No. S-
Descripcin G- I&D/ Post- Superio INN- DINN_pr DINN_or INN/ INN- DCoord Coord-
Empresas ACT1 3 INN-N9
ACT G4 Grado r G5 od6 g7
V8 RP10 11
U/CI12
Primarios 349 4.3 0.8 0.7 0.9 13.4 35.2 30.1 21.5 0.8 35 98.2 7.7 5.2
Mega 18 11.1 1.3 1.1 1.1 15.2 50.0 50.0 16.7 0.4 4 100.0 16.7 16.7
Grande 57 7.0 0.6 0.5 0.9 13.5 49.1 45.6 33.3 2.4 11 100.0 14.0 8.8
Mediana 92 2.2 0.1 0.1 1.4 19.1 45.7 38.0 32.6 0.4 13 95.2 6.5 4.3
Pequea 182 3.8 0.1 0.0 1.8 29.1 24.2 19.2 12.7 0.4 14 100.0 5.5 3.3
Agric., caza y silv. 143 4.9 2.0 1.6 0.4 8.5 29.4 27.3 17.5 1.0 37 97.3 4.2 2.8
Mega 4 25.0 5.9 4.7 0.3 5.3 75.0 75.0 50.0 0.7 2 100.0 25.0 25.0
Grande 11 9.1 2.6 2.1 0.2 7.7 54.5 54.5 45.5 3.7 4 100.0 9.1 0.0
Mediana 33 3.0 0.2 0.2 0.9 12.3 39.4 33.3 27.3 0.5 13 92.3 3.0 3.0
Pequea 95 4.2 0.1 0.0 1.0 28.6 21.1 20.0 9.5 0.3 18 100.0 3.2 2.1
Pesca 61 3.3 0.0 0.0 0.7 13.5 32.8 24.6 18.0 0.1 20 100.0 9.8 6.6
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 6.8 50.0 50.0 25.0 0.0 2 100.0 25.0 0.0
Mediana 17 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 14.8 29.4 17.6 17.6 0.0 5 100.0 11.8 5.9
Pequea 40 5.0 0.1 0.1 1.9 23.3 32.5 25.0 17.5 0.2 13 100.0 7.5 7.5
Extrac. de petrleo 28 14.3 0.1 0.0 2.4 21.1 46.4 39.3 35.7 0.4 13 100.0 17.9 10.7
Mega 2 50.0 0.1 0.1 2.4 21.4 50.0 50.0 50.0 0.1 1 100.0 0.0 0.0
Grande 7 14.3 0.1 0.0 0.9 16.4 57.1 57.1 28.6 1.1 4 100.0 14.3 14.3
Mediana 8 12.5 0.0 0.0 7.2 33.9 62.5 62.5 50.0 0.4 5 100.0 25.0 12.5
Pequea 11 9.1 0.3 0.1 1.7 29.1 27.3 9.1 27.3 0.3 3 100.0 18.2 9.1
Extrac. de minerales 117 1.7 0.0 0.0 1.2 17.4 41.0 34.2 24.8 0.9 46 97.8 8.5 6.0
Mega 12 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 17.5 41.7 41.7 0.0 0.4 5 100.0 16.7 16.7
Grande 35 5.7 0.1 0.1 1.2 15.5 45.7 40.0 31.4 2.5 15 100.0 14.3 11.4
Mediana 34 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 24.3 55.9 47.1 41.2 0.6 18 94.4 2.9 2.9
Pequea 36 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 36.9 22.2 13.9 11.1 0.9 8 100.0 5.6 0.0
Manufacturas y
1529 7.6 0.6 0.4 1.3 14.7 40.9 35.5 28.3 0.6 433 96.8 6.6 7.4
Construccin
Mega 55 16.4 0.5 0.4 1.2 16.8 65.4 60.0 56.3 0.5 30 97.3 14.5 6.2
Grande 165 24.8 1.1 0.7 1.5 20.2 67.3 60.0 48.5 0.6 93 99.0 10.9 7.1
Mediana 382 10.2 0.2 0.1 1.1 21.7 51.3 44.0 37.2 0.4 155 96.4 9.2 2.1
Pequea 927 2.9 0.2 0.1 1.5 23.0 30.4 26.2 19.5 0.6 168 96.2 4.3 3.8
Manufacturas 1312 8.5 0.7 0.5 1.2 13.7 42.8 37.4 29.0 0.6 497 97.0 7.0 8.2
Mega 49 18.4 0.6 0.5 1.2 17.8 67.3 61.2 57.1 0.6 33 97.0 16.3 7.0
Grande 158 25.3 1.1 0.7 1.4 19.6 66.5 60.1 46.8 0.6 97 99.0 10.8 6.8
Mediana 352 11.1 0.2 0.1 1.0 20.9 51.4 44.6 36.4 0.4 167 97.0 9.7 2.0
44
CUADRO No A2
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas por Sectores en el Per, 2004 (%)
ACT L-G2 INN Coord
No. S-
Descripcin G- I&D/ Post- Superio INN- DINN_pr DINN_or INN/ INN- DCoord Coord-
Empresas ACT1 INN-N9
ACT3 G4 Grado r G5 od6 g7 V8 RP10 11
U/CI12
Pequea 753 3.1 0.2 0.1 1.2 16.5 32.1 27.8 20.1 0.2 200 96.0 4.4 4.1
Construccin 217 2.3 0.0 0.0 2.0 20.5 29.5 24.0 24.0 0.5 47 95.7 4.1 2.8
Mega 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 8.3 50.0 50.0 50.0 0.1 3 100.0 0.0 0.0
Grande 7 14.3 0.0 0.0 3.6 33.8 85.7 57.1 85.7 0.3 4 100.0 14.3 14.3
Mediana 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 31.7 50.0 36.7 46.7 0.1 9 88.9 3.3 3.3
Pequea 174 2.3 0.0 0.0 2.6 51.1 23.0 19.5 16.7 2.4 31 96.8 4.0 2.3
Tecnolgicos 524 2.5 0.1 0.1 2.0 24.1 31.5 21.2 25.6 1.3 92 99.5 4.4 1.7
Mega 22 22.7 0.1 0.0 1.9 30.2 72.7 72.7 59.1 0.7 3 100.0 13.6 4.6
Grande 53 7.5 1.3 1.3 3.4 30.0 66.1 56.6 49.0 1.0 12 97.1 11.3 9.4
Mediana 132 1.5 0.0 0.0 1.2 23.8 40.1 25.7 31.1 0.3 26 100.0 6.8 2.3
Pequea 353 1.2 0.0 0.0 1.9 21.0 23.2 13.6 19.9 6.9 48 100.0 2.0 0.3
Electricidad y Agua 74 6.8 0.4 0.4 2.7 30.4 45.9 35.1 33.8 0.7 26 96.2 12.2 4.1
Mega 5 40.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 30.6 80.0 80.0 60.0 0.2 1 100.0 20.0 0.0
Grande 20 15.0 3.4 3.4 4.0 31.4 70.0 55.0 50.0 1.7 13 92.3 20.0 15.0
Mediana 27 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 28.4 33.3 22.2 25.9 0.2 7 100.0 11.1 0.0
Pequea 22 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 24.2 31.8 22.7 22.7 0.0 5 100.0 4.5 0.0
Trans. y Comunic. 450 1.8 0.0 0.0 1.9 23.1 29.1 18.9 24.2 1.4 103 100.0 3.1 1.3
Mega 10 10.0 0.1 0.0 1.8 22.5 60.0 60.0 50.0 0.3 3 100.0 0.0 0.0
Grande 27 3.7 0.0 0.0 2.8 27.9 63.0 55.6 44.4 0.5 13 100.0 7.4 7.4
Mediana 95 2.1 0.0 0.0 1.0 18.9 40.0 24.2 33.7 0.4 34 100.0 6.3 3.2
Pequea 318 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.5 19.6 22.0 12.9 18.9 7.6 53 100.0 1.9 0.3
Servicios y Comercio 2459 3.0 0.3 0.1 1.3 25.0 31.6 20.3 26.5 1.8 237 95.2 4.0 2.1
Mega 70 8.6 0.4 0.0 0.8 22.8 45.7 31.4 37.1 0.7 8 93.2 8.6 4.3
Grande 170 6.5 0.5 0.2 1.7 26.7 51.7 38.8 43.5 0.4 25 98.3 6.5 3.5
Mediana 526 4.6 0.1 0.0 2.2 27.1 46.2 30.6 38.0 0.6 59 95.7 6.5 4.2
Pequea 1657 1.8 0.2 0.1 1.9 27.3 23.7 14.0 20.2 0.6 150 94.1 2.7 1.2
Comercio 1,368 1.9 0.2 0.1 1.2 26.2 29.5 16.4 25.9 0.3 342 95.3 2.6 1.2
Mega 22 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.8 26.8 36.4 22.7 31.8 0.2 8 87.5 4.5 0.0
Grande 72 8.3 0.6 0.4 1.4 26.8 58.3 45.8 47.2 0.4 41 97.6 8.3 4.2
Mediana 219 3.7 0.0 0.0 1.7 25.3 47.5 26.0 40.2 0.2 84 96.4 4.1 3.2
Pequea 1055 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 24.6 23.6 12.2 21.3 0.2 209 94.7 1.8 0.6
Financiero 36 5.6 0.1 0.1 2.7 40.6 58.3 47.2 44.4 1.1 15 100.0 5.6 2.8
Mega 7 28.6 0.2 0.1 2.3 40.8 85.7 85.7 71.4 1.6 5 100.0 28.6 14.3
Grande 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3 34.9 66.7 66.7 66.7 0.5 4 100.0 0.0 0.0
Mediana 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 57.9 60.0 50.0 20.0 0.1 3 100.0 0.0 0.0
Pequea 13 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 49.3 38.5 15.4 38.5 0.1 3 100.0 0.0 0.0
Seguros 29 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.4 30.8 51.7 34.5 44.8 0.8 15 100.0 6.9 3.4
Mega 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 23.4 75.0 50.0 75.0 0.5 3 100.0 0.0 0.0
Grande 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.9 42.7 71.4 57.1 57.1 1.3 5 100.0 28.6 14.3
Mediana 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.5 43.8 50.0 16.7 50.0 0.4 3 100.0 0.0 0.0
45
CUADRO No A2
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas por Sectores en el Per, 2004 (%)
ACT L-G2 INN Coord
No. S-
Descripcin G- I&D/ Post- Superio INN- DINN_pr DINN_or INN/ INN- DCoord Coord-
Empresas ACT1 INN-N9
ACT3 G4 Grado r G5 od6 g7 V8 RP10 11
U/CI12
Pequea 12 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 28.4 33.3 25.0 25.0 0.6 4 100.0 0.0 0.0
Serv. prestados a
622 5.6 0.4 0.1 1.2 22.5 30.1 22.2 22.7 0.7 157 95.5 5.0 3.1
empresas
Mega 32 6.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 19.3 37.5 21.9 25.0 0.3 9 100.0 9.4 6.3
Grande 55 7.3 0.7 0.0 1.5 22.5 40.0 27.3 36.4 0.4 19 100.0 5.5 3.6
Mediana 172 7.6 0.3 0.1 3.5 32.3 40.7 33.7 29.7 1.1 59 94.9 6.4 3.5
Pequea 363 4.4 0.9 0.3 3.8 38.4 22.9 16.0 17.1 1.5 70 94.3 3.9 2.5
Restaurantes y hoteles 173 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.5 14.3 30.1 20.2 25.4 0.5 40 90.0 8.7 4.6
Mega 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 7.7 75.0 75.0 50.0 0.1 2 100.0 25.0 0.0
Grande 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 26.1 83.3 50.0 66.7 0.4 5 80.0 0.0 0.0
Mediana 59 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.7 15.1 44.1 32.2 39.0 0.8 20 95.0 10.2 6.8
Pequea 104 1.9 0.2 0.0 0.3 13.1 17.3 9.6 14.4 0.8 13 84.6 7.7 3.8
Serv. a hogares
133 0.8 0.0 0.0 1.8 20.8 33.8 24.8 27.8 0.2 39 97.4 4.5 1.5
mercantiles
Mega 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n.d. n.d. 0.0 0.0
Grande 16 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 21.5 25.0 18.8 18.8 0.1 4 100.0 0.0 0.0
Mediana 39 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.8 17.9 51.3 30.8 46.2 0.5 18 94.4 10.3 5.1
Pequea 77 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 23.6 27.3 23.4 20.8 0.6 17 100.0 2.6 0.0
Serv. hogares no
5 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.1 74.2 40.0 40.0 40.0 639.0 1 100.0 20.0 0.0
mercantiles
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 97.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 n.d. n.d. 0.0 0.0
Pequea 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 22.7 31.8 25.0 25.0 25.0 0.0 1 100.0 25.0 0.0
Salud privada 89 6.7 1.1 0.1 2.7 39.1 57.3 42.7 48.3 1.7 43 95.3 6.7 5.6
Mega 7 42.9 3.8 0.4 2.5 37.6 85.7 71.4 85.7 4.3 7 85.7 14.3 14.3
Grande 14 7.1 0.1 0.0 2.3 41.4 71.4 57.1 64.3 0.5 8 100.0 0.0 0.0
Mediana 30 3.3 0.0 0.0 2.7 40.1 63.3 43.3 53.3 0.9 15 100.0 13.3 10.0
Pequea 38 2.6 0.3 0.3 10.2 36.7 42.1 31.6 31.6 3.5 13 92.3 2.6 2.6
Educacin privada 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 0.1 1 100.0 0.0 0.0
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Pequea 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 0.1 1 100.0 0.0 0.0
Serv.gubernamentales 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.8 15.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n.d. n.d. 0.0 0.0
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Pequea 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.8 15.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n.d. n.d. 0.0 0.0
Total Mega 165 13.3 0.3 0.2 1.1 20.0 56.5 39.4 37.1 0.5 82 96.3 12.4 6.5
46
CUADRO No A2
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas por Sectores en el Per, 2004 (%)
ACT L-G2 INN Coord
No. S-
Descripcin G- I&D/ Post- Superio INN- DINN_pr DINN_or INN/ INN- DCoord Coord-
Empresas ACT1 INN-N9
ACT3 G4 Grado r G5 od6 g7 V8 RP10 11
U/CI12
Total Grande 445 13.5 0.5 0.3 1.7 22.6 59.1 36.2 39.3 0.7 238 98.3 9.8 6.2
Total Mediana 1,132 5.9 0.1 0.1 1.7 23.7 47.1 24.8 26.5 0.4 460 96.5 7.4 4.8
Total Pequea 3,119 2.2 0.1 0.04 1.7 25.6 25.7 13.6 13.2 1.3 662 95.9 3.3 1.5
Total 4,861 4.5 0.3 0.2 1.4 21.8 34.8 19.2 19.5 0.7 1442 96.5 5.2 2.9
Fuente: ENCYT 2004 Concytec. Elaboracin propia. 1 Porcentaje de empresas que realizan actividades de ciencia y tecnologa (ACT). 2 Porcentaje de los empleados con educacin de
post-grado y superior respectivamente del total de trabajadores. 3 Porcentaje del gasto en actividades de ciencia y tecnologa del gasto en total. 4 Porcentaje de la inversin en
investigacin y desarrollo de los gastos totales de la empresa.5 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de empresas que innovaron en procesos, productos, organizacin o comercializacin. 6
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de empresas que han realizado innovaciones en productos o en procesos. 7 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de empresas que han realizado
innovaciones en comercializacin y/o organizacin. 8 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la inversin en actividades de innovacin del valor total de las ventas netas de la empresa. 9
Nmero de empresas innovadoras. 10 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de empresas innovadoras que se financian con recursos propios. 11Porcentaje de empresas que han realizado
colaboraciones, coordinaciones o cooperado con otros entes (nacionales u extranjeros) para realizar actividades de innovacin. 12 Porcentaje de empresas que coordinaron con
universidades, institutos de formacin tcnica, centros de Investigacin, instituciones de ciencia y tecnologa para fines de innovacin.
CUADRO No A3
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2004 (%)
No ACT L-G4 INN Coord
S-ACT1
Descripcin Empres G- I&D/G Post- INN/ INN- INN- Coord-
Superior INN-G5 DINN_prod6 DINN_org7 DCoord11
as ACT2 3
Grado V8 N9 RP10 U/CI12
Alimentos y
(41.9) (16.1) (32.3)
Tabaco 317 7.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 16.0 41.0 35.6 26.2 0.7 28.2 96.8 7.6 (3.2) 5.0
Mega 19 21.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 14.6 57.9 (50.0) 42.1 (50.0) 42.1 (50.0) 0.3 2.4 77.2 15.8 (0.0) 5.3
(100.0
(40.0) (80.0)
Grande 30 26.7 7.8 7.7 0.9 18.6 70.0 ) 63.3 50.0 2.5 5.0 100.0 13.3 (0.0) 13.3
Mediana 71 8.5 0.2 0.1 1.3 19.7 43.7 (37.5) 38.0 (0.0) 29.6 (37.5) 0.3 8.6 96.3 9.8 (0.0) 7.0
Pequea 197 3.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 22.4 34.0 (25.0) 30.0 (12.5) 19.8 (12.5) 0.3 14.6 97.8 5.1 (5.6) 3.1
Fabr. de Prod.
26 11.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 16.9 61.5 53.8 46.2 0.2 14 100.0 7.7 7.7
Lct.
100.
Mega 2 50.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 14.5 100.0 100.0 0.2 2 100.0 50.0 50.0
0
100.
Grande 1 100.0 0.7 0.7 1.9 29.1 100.0 100.0 0.2 1 100.0 100.0 100.0
0
Mediana 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.1 33.3 33.3 33.3 0.0 1 100.0 0.0 0.0
Pequea 20 5.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 30.5 60.0 50.0 40.0 0.2 10 100.0 0.0 0.0
Elab. de Pescado 35 5.7 0.1 0.0 0.9 19.9 48.6 40.0 22.9 1.7 17 100.0 11.4 5.7
Mega 4 25.0 0.1 0.0 1.0 22.5 100.0 50.0 75.0 0.2 4 100.0 25.0 0.0
47
CUADRO No A3
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2004 (%)
No ACT L-G4 INN Coord
S-ACT1
Descripcin Empres G- I&D/G Post- 5 6 7 INN/ INN- INN- 11 Coord-
Superior INN-G DINN_prod DINN_org DCoord
as ACT2 3
Grado V8 N9 RP10 U/CI12
Grande 8 12.5 0.0 0.0 0.7 13.8 50.0 37.5 25.0 4.1 4 100.0 12.5 12.5
Mediana 8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 15.6 50.0 50.0 37.5 0.0 4 100.0 25.0 12.5
Pequea 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 31.7 33.3 33.3 0.0 0.3 5 100.0 0.0 0.0
Molinera y Panad. 108 6.5 0.1 0.1 0.6 10.6 31.5 (31.6) 27.8 (10.5) 23.1 (31.6) 0.2 31 93.5 1.9 (0.0) 0.9
Mega 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 2.5 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0 n.d. n.d. 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0
Grande 5 20.0 0.1 0.0 0.6 13.7 80.0 (100.0) 80.0 (100.0) 60.0 (100.0) 0.2 4 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 21 9.5 0.3 0.2 0.6 12.9 38.1 (50.0) 33.3 (0.0) 28.6 (50.0) 0.6 8 87.5 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Pequea 80 5.0 0.2 0.1 0.7 17.7 27.5 (21.4) 23.8 (7.1) 20.0 (21.4) 0.2 19 94.7 2.5 (0.0) 1.3
Elab. y Ref.
2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.5 50.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 1 100.0 0.0 0.0
Azcar
Mega 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.5 50.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 1 100.0 0.0 0.0
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Otros Prod.
110 10.0 3.4 3.2 1.1 18.5 40.0 34.5 26.4 1.0 37 97.3 10.0 6.4
Aliment.
Mega 7 28.6 2.7 2.5 0.8 14.5 42.9 28.6 28.6 0.7 3 66.7 14.3 0.0
Grande 11 45.5 21.1 21.0 1.1 19.3 72.7 72.7 54.5 2.9 7 100.0 18.2 18.2
Mediana 32 9.4 0.1 0.1 2.2 26.8 46.9 37.5 31.3 0.2 12 100.0 15.6 12.5
Pequea 60 1.7 0.0 0.0 1.0 24.9 30.0 26.7 18.3 0.1 15 100.0 5.0 1.7
Bebidas y Tabaco 36 2.8 0.0 0.0 3.8 20.8 50.0 (50.0) 44.4 (25.0) 25.0 (41.7) 0.5 16 100.0 13.9 (8.3) 11.1
Mega 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.9 19.6 50.0 (100.0) 50.0 (100.0) 50.0 (100.0) 0.1 1 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Grande 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 27.8 80.0 (75.0) 60.0 (25.0) 60.0 (75.0) 2.1 4 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 7 14.3 0.4 0.4 0.9 11.5 42.9 (66.7) 42.9 (33.3) 14.3 (33.3) 0.2 3 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Pequea 22 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 19.4 45.5 (0.0) 40.9 (0.0) 18.2 (0.0) 1.6 8 100.0 22.7 (25.0) 18.2
Manufacturas
(53.6) (39.2) (40.2)
Tradicionales 406 3.7 0.1 0.0 0.6 15.5 39.2 33.0 28.6 0.3 26.6 95.5 6.6 (8.2) 3.4
Mega 15 13.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 10.9 80.0 (70.6) 80.0 (58.8) 80.0 (70.6) 0.3 4.0 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Grande 42 11.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 17.7 47.6 (66.7) 42.9 (58.3) 38.1 (54.2) 0.2 3.6 94.8 9.5 (13.0) 7.1
Mediana 90 4.4 0.1 0.1 0.9 15.4 45.6 (57.7) 35.6 (34.6) 36.7 (30.8) 0.9 7.9 97.6 11.1 (18.5) 8.9
Pequea 259 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.7 17.4 33.2 (30.0) 27.8 (16.7) 21.2 (20.0) 0.4 12.8 94.5 5.0 (0.0) 1.1
Fabr. de Textiles 95 7.4 0.0 0.0 0.5 13.4 45.3 (47.2) 37.9 (44.4) 30.5 (38.9) 0.4 40 90.0 10.5 (8.3) 6.3
Mega 7 14.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 11.4 71.4 (100.0) 71.4 (100.0) 71.4 (100.0) 0.3 5 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Grande 13 15.4 0.1 0.1 1.0 17.6 46.2 (46.2) 38.5 (46.2) 30.8 (30.8) 0.1 6 83.3 15.4 (15.4) 15.4
Mediana 25 8.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 13.0 48.0 (44.4) 36.0 (33.3) 40.0 (44.4) 1.8 10 100.0 16.0 (11.1) 12.0
Pequea 50 4.0 0.1 0.0 0.8 20.8 40.0 (22.2) 34.0 (22.2) 20.0 (11.1) 0.4 19 84.2 8.0 (0.0) 2.0
Fab. Prend. de
65 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 9.3 41.5 (41.2) 35.4 (35.3) 32.3 (41.2) 0.3 22 95.5 9.2 (11.8) 6.2
Vestir
Mega 5 20.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 6.2 80.0 (66.7) 80.0 (66.7) 80.0 (66.7) 0.5 4 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Grande 8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 19.2 37.5 (50.0) 37.5 (50.0) 25.0 (50.0) 0.0 2 100.0 12.5 (50.0) 12.5
Mediana 15 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 15.5 46.7 (75.0) 40.0 (50.0) 33.3 (75.0) 1.0 7 85.7 20.0 (25.0) 13.3
48
CUADRO No A3
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2004 (%)
No ACT L-G4 INN Coord
S-ACT1
Descripcin Empres G- I&D/G Post- 5 6 7 INN/ INN- INN- 11 Coord-
Superior INN-G DINN_prod DINN_org DCoord
as ACT2 3
Grado V8 N9 RP10 U/CI12
Pequea 37 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 13.3 35.1 (12.5) 27.0 (12.5) 27.0 (12.5) 0.1 9 100.0 5.4 (0.0) 2.7
Prep. del Cuero 13 7.7 0.0 0.0 1.1 25.6 30.8 (50.0) 23.1 (50.0) 23.1 (50.0) 0.2 3 100.0 7.7 (0.0) 0.0
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Mediana 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.4 29.3 50.0 (n.d.) 50.0 (n.d.) 50.0 (n.d.) 0.5 1 100.0 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0
Pequea 11 9.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.7 27.3 (50.0) 18.2 (50.0) 18.2 (50.0) 0.1 2 100.0 9.1 (0.0) 0.0
Fabr. de Calzado 11 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.9 36.4 (50.0) 36.4 (50.0) 18.2 (0.0) 0.0 4 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Grande 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 50.0 (n.d.) 50.0 (n.d.) 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0 1 100.0 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0
Mediana 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 5.0 40.0 (50.0) 40.0 (50.0) 20.0 (0.0) 0.0 2 100.0 0.0 0.0) 0.0
Pequea 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 25.0 (n.d.) 25.0 (n.d.) 25.0 (n.d.) 0.3 1 100.0 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0
Ind. Mad. y
81 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.8 10.0 34.6 (63.6) 29.6 (36.4) 24.7 (36.4) 0.0 22 95.5 3.7 (9.1) 1.2
Muebles
100.
Mega 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 13.8 100.0 (100.0) 100.0 (0.0) (100.0) 0.0 1 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
0
Grande 8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 6.5 37.5 (50.0) 25.0 (0.0) 37.5 (50.0) 0.2 2 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 13 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 9.7 30.8 (100.0) 30.8 (100.0) 15.4 (33.3) 0.1 4 100.0 7.7 (33.3) 7.7
Pequea 59 1.7 0.0 0.0 1.1 14.5 33.9 (40.0) 28.8 (20.0) 23.7 (20.0) 0.5 15 93.3 3.4 (0.0) 0.0
Impr. y Edicin 109 3.7 0.2 0.1 1.0 24.6 35.8 (57.1) 30.3 (38.1) 28.4 (57.1) 0.4 30 100.0 3.7 (9.5) 1.8
100.
Mega 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 19.2 100.0 (100.0) 100.0 (100.0) (100.0) 0.3 2 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
0
Grande 9 33.3 0.2 0.1 1.3 30.3 55.6 (80.0) 55.6 (60.0) 55.6 (80.0) 0.3 4 100.0 11.1 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 23 4.3 0.3 0.2 1.0 22.0 56.5 (71.4) 39.1 (42.9) 52.2 (71.4) 0.7 12 100.0 4.3 (28.6) 4.3
Pequea 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 18.2 25.3 (14.3) 22.7 (0.0) 16.0 (14.3) 0.1 12 100.0 2.7 (0.0) 1.3
Prod. Manuf. Diver. 32 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 17.3 43.8 (50.0) 34.4 (25.0) 31.3 (50.0) 0.9 14 92.9 9.4 (0.0) 3.1
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
100.
Grande 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 17.0 100.0 (100.0) 100.0 (100.0) (100.0) 1.1 2 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
0
Mediana 7 14.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.2 28.6 (100.0) 14.3 (50.0) 28.6 (100.0) 0.1 2 100.0 14.3 (0.0) 14.3
Pequea 23 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 20.0 43.5 (20.0) 34.8 (0.0) 26.1 (20.0) 1.4 10 90.0 8.7 (0.0) 0.0
Tecnolgicos 230 15.2 0.7 0.6 1.8 20.5 48.3 (74.7) 43.0 (53.2) 34.3 (49.4) 0.7 18.8 99.4 5.6 (6.3) 4.8
(100.0 (100.0 (100.0
Mega 5 40.0 0.5 0.5 1.6 15.9 60.0 ) 60.0 ) 3.8 ) 0.3 1.0 60.0 20.0 (0.0) 20.0
Grande 35 37.1 0.8 0.7 2.0 20.4 77.1 (87.0) 71.4 (52.2) 26.9 (43.5) 0.8 4.4 100.0 2.9 (0.0) 2.9
Mediana 71 18.3 0.5 0.3 2.1 23.6 66.2 (79.4) 60.6 (58.8) 31.3 (58.8) 0.9 8.4 98.5 9.9 (8.8) 8.5
Pequea 119 5.9 0.4 0.4 0.6 23.6 28.6 (44.4) 23.5 (33.3) 13.8 (27.8) 0.5 7.0 97.5 3.4 (10.5) 2.5
Qumicos Bsicos 29 13.8 0.2 0.1 3.6 27.5 55.2 (61.5) 44.8 (30.8) 31.0 (38.5) 1.3 14 100.0 6.9 (0.0) 6.9
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Grande 5 20.0 0.1 0.0 3.9 31.4 60.0 (50.0) 60.0 (25.0) 3.4 (25.0) 1.7 3 100.0 20.0 (0.0) 20.0
Mediana 10 20.0 0.4 0.3 3.7 20.5 70.0 (71.4) 60.0 (42.9) 10.3 (42.9) 0.2 7 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Pequea 14 7.1 2.6 2.5 0.9 30.8 42.9 (50.0) 28.6 (0.0) 10.3 (50.0) 0.8 4 100.0 7.1 (0.0) 7.1
49
CUADRO No A3
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2004 (%)
No ACT L-G4 INN Coord
S-ACT1
Descripcin Empres G- I&D/G Post- 5 6 7 INN/ INN- INN- 11 Coord-
Superior INN-G DINN_prod DINN_org DCoord
as ACT2 3
Grado V8 N9 RP10 U/CI12
Far. y
23 21.7 0.3 0.2 2.4 23.5 82.6 (85.7) 78.3 (57.1) 56.5 (78.6) 0.5 18 94.4 8.7 (0.0) 8.7
Medicamentos
Mega 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 19.7 100.0 (100.0) 100.0 (100.0) 8.7 (100.0) 0.0 2 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Grande 6 66.7 0.7 0.4 2.0 25.0 100.0 (80.0) 83.3 (40.0) 13.0 (80.0) 0.7 5 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 12 8.3 0.0 0.0 1.2 25.6 91.7 (100.0) 91.7 (71.4) 34.8 (85.7) 1.7 11 90.9 16.7 (0.0) 16.7
Pequea 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.6 37.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) 34.8 (0.0) 0.0 n.d. n.d. 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Otros Prod.
72 20.8 0.7 0.6 1.8 25.6 48.6 (64.0) 44.4 (60.0) 34.7 (40.0) 0.8 30 100.0 6.9 (16.0) 4.2
Qumicos
Mega 1 100.0 2.6 2.6 0.9 17.9 100.0 (100.0) 100.0 (100.0) 1.4 (100.0) 1.6 1 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Grande 8 50.0 0.4 0.3 2.2 28.1 87.5 (100.0) 87.5 (100.0) 5.6 (33.3) 0.6 6 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 18 33.3 0.8 0.8 2.2 26.1 61.1 (77.8) 61.1 (77.8) 11.1 (55.6) 1.2 10 100.0 11.1 (22.2) 5.6
Pequea 45 8.9 0.3 0.2 0.5 24.7 35.6 (41.7) 28.9 (33.3) 11.1 (25.0) 0.6 13 100.0 6.7 (16.7) 4.4
Constr. Maq. no
39 5.1 1.4 1.4 1.0 12.3 20.5 (62.5) 17.9 (62.5) 17.9 (50.0) 0.6 7 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Elec.
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Grande 5 20.0 2.1 2.1 1.2 9.6 40.0 (75.0) 40.0 (75.0) 40.0 (75.0) 0.8 2 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 17.6 33.3 (100.0) 33.3 (100.0) 33.3 (0.0) 0.1 2 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Pequea 28 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.0 14.3 (33.3) 10.7 (33.3) 10.7 (33.3) 0.1 3 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Maq. Elctrica 37 16.2 1.2 0.9 1.2 17.1 43.2 (70.0) 37.8 (40.0) 35.1 (60.0) 0.6 16 100.0 2.7 (10.0) 2.7
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Grande 5 20.0 1.8 1.8 0.9 10.8 60.0 (50.0) 60.0 (0.0) 60.0 (50.0) 0.4 3 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 14 28.6 1.1 0.5 1.7 26.2 57.1 (71.4) 42.9 (42.9) 42.9 (57.1) 0.9 8 100.0 7.1 (14.3) 7.1
Pequea 18 5.6 0.2 0.1 1.3 21.7 27.8 (100.0) 27.8 (100.0) 22.2 (100.0) 1.1 5 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Const. Mat. Trans. 30 10.0 0.1 0.1 1.3 14.3 56.7 (88.9) 50.0 (66.7) 40.0 (66.7) 0.4 16 100.0 10.0 (0.0) 10.0
Mega 2 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 11.0 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0 n.d. n.d. 50.0 (n.d.) 50.0
Grande 6 33.3 0.2 0.2 1.6 13.2 100.0 (83.3) 83.3 (50.0) 50.0 (50.0) 0.8 6 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 11 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 20.4 72.7 (100.0) 63.6 (100.0) 63.6 (100.0) 0.5 8 100.0 18.2 (0.0) 18.2
Pequea 11 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.0 27.3 (n.d) 27.3 (n.d.) 18.2 (n.d.) 0.3 2 100.0 0.0 (n.d.) 0.0
Procesados de
Recursos (59.5) (42.7) (34.4)
Primarios 359 10.3 1.4 0.8 1.2 16.0 44.8 40.4 28.7 1.3 34.5 96.9 7.8 (11.5) 3.6
Mega 10 10.0 16.4 10.3 1.6 16.1 70.0 (66.7) 70.0 (33.3) 50.0 (33.3) 2.4 1.8 100.0 40.0 (42.9) 20.0
Grande 51 27.4 1.4 0.5 1.2 14.2 72.5 (70.7) 64.7 (53.7) 53.0 (46.3) 1.3 6.4 100.0 15.7 (15.6) 5.9
Mediana 120 13.4 0.3 0.2 1.2 19.6 51.7 (59.6) 45.8 (48.1) 33.4 (34.6) 0.8 14.0 93.6 8.3 (10.7) 4.2
Pequea 178 3.4 1.1 1.0 1.8 23.0 30.9 (43.8) 28.1 (21.9) 17.4 (18.8) 0.2 14.5 96.3 3.4 (2.8) 1.7
Ref. de Petrleo 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.9 40.3 71.4 71.4 57.1 0.0 4 100.0 28.6 14.3
Mega 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.2 36.5 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 1 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.
Grande 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 42.3 100.0 100.0 0.0 2 100.0 50.0 0.0
0
Mediana 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.2 63.5 33.3 33.3 33.3 0.0 n.d. n.d. 0.0 0.0
Pequea 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.3 25.0 100.0 100.0 100. 3.2 1 100.0 0.0 0.0
50
CUADRO No A3
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2004 (%)
No ACT L-G4 INN Coord
S-ACT1
Descripcin Empres G- I&D/G Post- 5 6 7 INN/ INN- INN- 11 Coord-
Superior INN-G DINN_prod DINN_org DCoord
as ACT2 3
Grado V8 N9 RP10 U/CI12
0
Caucho y Plstico 105 7.6 0.6 0.5 0.8 14.5 50.5 (53.3) 45.7 (40.0) 26.7 (35.6) 1.7 50 98.0 7.6 (6.7) 4.8
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Grande 14 21.4 0.8 0.7 0.8 12.2 57.1 (62.5) 35.7 (37.5) 42.9 (50.0) 3.4 8 100.0 14.3 (12.5) 7.1
Mediana 45 6.7 0.2 0.1 0.8 16.2 57.8 (60.0) 53.3 (52.0) 37.8 (36.0) 0.4 24 100.0 8.9 (8.0) 4.4
Pequea 46 4.3 0.3 0.1 0.7 22.1 41.3 (33.3) 41.3 (16.7) 10.9 (25.0) 0.1 18 94.4 4.3 (0.0) 4.3
Fabr. Prod. no Met. 62 21.0 5.2 3.1 1.2 15.5 43.5 (50.0) 38.7 (50.0) 22.6 (27.3) 2.7 24 95.8 9.7 (13.6) 3.2
Mega 4 0.0 15.9 15.9 1.7 9.4 75.0 (75.0) 75.0 (75.0) 75.0 (75.0) 4.8 3 100.0 25.0 (25.0) 25.0
Grande 12 50.0 3.3 0.4 1.0 16.0 75.0 (71.4) 75.0 (71.4) 41.7 (28.6) 0.9 7 100.0 33.3 (28.6) 8.3
Mediana 16 43.8 0.7 0.4 0.9 20.5 62.5 (100.0) 56.3 (100.0) 18.8 (0.0) 3.5 10 90.0 6.3 (0.0) 0.0
Pequea 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.8 23.3 16.7 (11.1) 10.0 (11.1) 10.0 (11.1) 0.1 4 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Siderurgia 16 18.8 1.8 1.1 1.1 13.6 50.0 (50.0) 50.0 (33.3) 31.3 (50.0) 2.4 8 100.0 12.5 (16.7) 6.3
Mega 1 100.0 100.0 39.5 1.6 15.4 100.0 (0.0) 100.0 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0) 4.9 1 100.0 100.0 (100.0) 0.0
Grande 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 7.1 66.7 (50.0) 66.7 (50.0) 66.7 (50.0) 0.2 2 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 8 12.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 17.9 37.5 (66.7) 37.5 (33.3) 25.0 (66.7) 0.1 3 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Pequea 4 25.0 44.4 44.1 4.0 32.0 50.0 (n.d.) 50.0 (n.d.) 25.0 (n.d.) 0.1 2 100.0 25.0 (n.d.) 25.0
Tran. Met. no Ferr. 23 17.4 0.1 0.1 1.5 12.8 56.5 (50.0) 43.5 (37.5) 34.8 (50.0) 0.1 12 100.0 17.4 (37.5) 4.3
100.
Mega 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 11.6 100.0 (100.0) 100.0 (100.0) (100.0) 0.1 1 100.0 100.0 (100.0) 0.0
0
Grande 4 25.0 0.2 0.2 1.7 11.6 100.0 (100.0) 75.0 (50.0) 75.0 (100.0) 0.3 4 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Mediana 6 33.3 0.8 0.6 0.0 28.3 83.3 (33.3) 50.0 (33.3) 50.0 (33.3) 0.1 5 100.0 33.3 (66.7) 16.7
Pequea 12 8.3 0.0 0.0 4.3 36.2 25.0 (0.0) 25.0 (0.0) 8.3 (0.0) 0.0 2 100.0 8.3 (0.0) 0.0
Prod. Metlicos 127 3.9 0.7 0.2 1.2 17.2 35.4 (48.6) 31.5 (37.8) 28.3 (40.5) 0.4 40 95.0 3.9 (8.1) 2.4
Mega 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 19.9 33.3 (100.0) 33.3 (0.0) 33.3 (100.0) 0.0 1 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Grande 10 20.0 1.7 0.5 1.4 11.5 80.0 (71.4) 80.0 (71.4) 50.0 (42.9) 0.3 8 100.0 10.0 (14.3) 10.0
Mediana 34 5.9 0.1 0.1 1.3 19.8 38.2 (47.4) 32.4 (36.8) 32.4 (42.1) 0.4 11 90.9 5.9 (5.3) 5.9
Pequea 80 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.1 21.5 28.8 (30.0) 25.0 (20.0) 23.8 (30.0) 0.4 20 95.0 2.5 (10.0) 0.0
Fabr. de Papel 19 21.1 0.7 0.7 1.8 15.3 52.6 (61.5) 52.6 (61.5) 42.1 (61.5) 0.9 7 100.0 5.3 (15.4) 0.0
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. (n.d.) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. (n.d.) n.d.
Grande 6 33.3 0.8 0.8 1.0 15.4 66.7 (66.7) 66.7 (66.7) 66.7 (66.7) 0.9 4 100.0 0.0 (16.7) 0.0
Mediana 8 12.5 0.1 0.1 4.2 15.1 50.0 (50.0) 50.0 (50.0) 37.5 (50.0) 1.0 2 100.0 12.5 (25.0) 0.0
Pequea 5 20.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 13.3 40.0 (66.7) 40.0 (66.7) 20.0 (66.7) 0.0 1 100.0 0.0 (0.0) 0.0
Total Mega 49 18.4 0.6 0.5 1.2 17.8 67.3 (90.5) 61.2 (76.2) 57.1 (85.7) 0.6 33 97.0 16.3 (14.3) 7.0
Total Grande 158 25.3 1.1 0.7 1.4 19.6 66.5 (71.4) 60.1 (52.4) 46.8 (52.4) 0.6 97 99.0 10.8 (9.5) 6.8
Total Mediana 352 11.1 0.2 0.1 1.0 20.9 51.4 (68.5) 44.6 (50.0) 36.4 (49.2) 0.4 167 97.0 9.7 (11.3) 2.0
Total Pequea 753 3.1 0.2 0.1 1.2 16.5 32.1 (34.5) 27.8 (17.3) 20.1 (21.8) 0.2 200 96.0 4.4 (3.6) 4.1
Total 1312 8.5 0.7 0.5 1.2 13.7 42.8 (59.6) 37.4 (41.6) 29.0 (43.4) 0.6 497 97.0 7.0 (8.6) 8.2
Fuente: CONCYTEC-INEI, 2004. Elaboracin propia. Las cifras entre parntesis representan los valores que se obtienen en el indicador pero usando los datos de la muestra usada para la regresin.
1
Porcentaje de empresas que realizan actividades de ciencia y tecnologa (ACT). 2 Porcentaje del gasto en actividades de ciencia y tecnologa del gasto en total. 3 Porcentaje de la inversin en
investigacin y desarrollo de los gastos totales de la empresa. 4 Porcentaje de los empleados con educacin de post-grado y superior respectivamente del total de trabajadores. 5 Promedio
ponderado del porcentaje de empresas que innovaron en procesos, productos, organizacin o comercializacin. 6 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de empresas que han realizado innovaciones
51
CUADRO No A3
Indicadores de Innovacin en una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2004 (%)
No ACT L-G4 INN Coord
S-ACT1
Descripcin Empres G- I&D/G Post- 5 6 7 INN/ INN- INN- 11 Coord-
Superior INN-G DINN_prod DINN_org DCoord
as ACT2 3
Grado V8 N9 RP10 U/CI12
en productos o en procesos. 7 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de empresas que han realizado innovaciones en comercializacin y/o organizacin. 8 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la
inversin en actividades de innovacin del valor total de las ventas netas de la empresa. 9 Nmero de empresas innovadoras. 10 Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de empresas innovadoras que
se financian con recursos propios. 11Porcentaje de empresas que han realizado colaboraciones, coordinaciones o cooperado con otros entes (nacionales u extranjeros) para realizar actividades de
innovacin. 12 Porcentaje de empresas que coordinaron con universidades, institutos de formacin tcnica, centros de Investigacin, instituciones de ciencia y tecnologa para fines de innovacin.
52
CUADRO No A4A
Definiciones de los Indicadores CTeI y Despempeo Econmico
Indicadores Descripcin
Ventas Promedio ponderado de las ventas por empresa en miles de dlares.
VA Promedio ponderado del valor agregado por empresa en miles de dlares.
Variable Bsica
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la inversin en investigacin y
I&D/A
desarrollo sobre el valor de los activos totales de la empresa.
Indicadores de Rentabilidad
La utilidad operativa se obtiene sustrayendo a las ventas e ingresos por
Utilidad
servicios el costo total de la produccin vendida y los gastos de venta y
operativa
administracin incurridos durante el ejercicio.
La utilidad neta antes de impuestos es el excedente bruto de explotacin
menos la cargas diversas de gestin (no considera el consumo de bienes o
Utilidad neta servicios, ni las remuneraciones a los factores de produccin) y financieras
antes de ms los ingresos no relacionados con la actividad principal de la empresa
impuestos incluyendo a los ingresos financieros. El excedente bruto de explotacin
es el valor agregado descontando las cargas de personal y agregando los
tributos netos
Las ventas netas incluyen las ventas de mercaderas, productos
Ventas netas terminados, subproductos y servicios tanto en el pas como en el exterior,
netas de devoluciones, descuentos y rebajas
Los activos totales comprenden los activos corrientes, existencias y los
Activos totales
activos fijos.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del excedente bruto de explotacin del
IR1
valor total de activos de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la utilidad operativa sobre el valor
IR2
total de activos de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la utilidad neta antes de impuestos
IR3
sobre ell valor del patrimonio de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la utilidad neta antes de impuestos
IR4
sobre el valor total de activos de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la utilidad de ejercicio sobre el
IR5
valor total de activos de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del excedente bruto de explotacin del
IR6
valor total de ventas netas de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la utilidad operativa del valor total
IR7
de ventas netas de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de la utilidad neta antes de impuestos
IR8
del valor sobre ventas netas de la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje de utilidad del ejercicio sobre el valor
IR9
total de ventas netas de la empresa.
Recursos Tangibles
Los pasivos totales incluye el valor del pasivo corriente (sobregiro
bancario; tributos, remuneraciones, dividendos y participaciones por
pagar; cuentas por pagar comerciales; intereses por devengar; y
Pasivos totales provisiones y cuentas por pagar diversas) y el pasivo no corriente
(cuentas por pagar; intereses por devengar; beneficios sociales de los
trabajadores; adelanto de la compensacin por tiempo de servicios; y
otras cuentas por pagar).
Los activos corrientes incluyen los recursos en efectivo, inversiones
Activos temporales en valores, cuentas por cobrar provenientes de operaciones
corrientes relacionadas al giro del negocio y otras cuentas por cobrar diversas como
deudas del personal con la empresa o prstamos a terceros.
Valor de capital, acciones de inversin, excedente de revaluacin, otras
Patrimonio
reservas y resultados acumulados.
Los activos fijos son aquellos bienes que sirven para la fabricacin y/o
Activos fijos comercializacin del producto, pero que no son parte de l, como
inmuebles, maquinarias y equipos. Representa el tamao de la empresa.
VA/K Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del valor agregado sobre el valor de
53
CUADRO No A4A
Definiciones de los Indicadores CTeI y Despempeo Econmico
Indicadores Descripcin
maquinarias y equipo.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del valor bruto de produccin sobre el
VBP/K
valor de maquinarias y equipo.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del valor del pasivo total del valor
PAS/PAT
del patrimonio de la empresa. Representa el endeudamiento de las firmas.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del valor de los activos corrientes
A/V sobre el valor total de ventas netas de la empresa. Representa el recurso
financiero de las empresas.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del valor de activos fijos del valor total
AF/AT
de activos de la empresa. Representa el recurso fsico de las empresas.
Promedio del nmero de trabajadores por empresa. Representa el tamao
L
de la empresa
K1/L Promedio ponderado del valor de activos por trabajador en la empresa.
Promedio ponderado del valor de maquinaria por trabajador en la
K2/L
empresa.
Recursos Intangibles
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del valor de exportacin sobre el valor
X/V total de ventas netas de la empresa. Representa los recursos comerciales
o la capacidad de exportacin.
Promedio ponderado del porcentaje del gasto del personal sobre del valor
W/A de activos totales de la empresa. Representa los recursos de capital
humano de las empresas.
Fuente: CONCYTEC-INEI, (2004). Elaboracin Propia.
54
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
TIC: EMPRESAS QUE CUENTAN O NO CON SERVICIO DE INTRANET
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y Si 18,381 5,281 0.00 9.75 3.46 0.71 0.58 0.58 12.92 4.59 0.76 0.76 21.68 75.44 23.45 29.02 78.11 336 66.50 33.80 1.33 93.64
panadera No 1,263 329 0.00 27.66 19.54 32.23 20.93 12.99 14.24 10.06 10.78 6.69 50.57 180.79 47.47 27.53 41.02 23 21.20 11.70 1.70 34.22
Si 34,314 13,303 0.00 33.90 18.96 33.07 18.57 11.29 31.28 17.50 17.14 10.42 42.02 108.09 76.58 42.91 53.49 216 153.60 72.70 0.25 14.62
Bebidas y
- - - - -
tabaco No 33,657 9,017 0.00 12.39 -0.94 15.87 -1.20 20.91 77.90 154.68 27.88 78.02 340 144.30 54.20 0.71 9.87
26.29 10.32 13.12 13.22 16.81
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 24,527 7,804 0.02 12.90 6.37 5.41 2.48 1.55 17.00 8.40 3.27 2.05 24.13 78.00 117.66 69.57 47.23 527 74.60 45.70 37.55 18.50
textiles No 12,681 3,480 0.00 11.14 4.67 6.89 2.88 1.42 14.87 6.24 3.84 1.89 20.56 79.46 136.00 53.96 59.38 297 58.90 34.90 32.68 15.25
Fabricacin de Si 29,044 11,731 0.00 42.18 26.43 46.97 27.05 18.69 27.19 17.03 17.44 12.05 62.66 150.19 64.45 32.85 49.03 838 17.10 9.80 56.33 49.64
prendas de
No 13,809 3,714 0.00 13.19 2.99 13.52 5.58 5.05 8.83 2.01 3.74 3.38 40.16 147.01 138.27 37.52 43.55 542 15.10 9.80 84.06 14.37
vestir
Si 4,769 574 0.00 9.18 3.97 1.22 0.47 0.47 9.39 4.07 0.48 0.48 11.77 95.93 160.95 67.20 34.32 6 698.10 524.70 53.76 3.52
Preparacin del
- - - - - - -
cuero No 546 150 0.00 6.23 7.01 24.43 77.76 96.82 27.42 23.39 12 51.00 27.10 7.08 10.18
18.51 50.35 25.58 25.58 20.82 28.77 28.77
Fabricacin de Si 696 327 0.00 31.48 11.39 30.73 4.10 2.38 18.90 6.84 2.46 1.43 78.21 166.59 649.50 57.16 4.77 55 0.40 0.30 0.00 18.32
calzado No 1,228 400 0.00 39.13 27.94 40.22 26.00 16.24 20.87 14.90 13.87 8.67 61.01 187.47 54.68 29.62 44.47 43 10.00 4.90 0.00 28.24
Industria de Si 17,767 6,302 0.00 19.50 13.34 20.27 10.12 10.10 20.13 13.77 10.45 10.43 34.36 98.24 97.46 54.04 47.66 238 79.20 39.30 1.04 13.39
madera y
No 5,084 831 0.00 6.57 3.15 7.03 3.21 2.99 8.71 4.18 4.26 3.96 12.33 74.87 119.01 73.38 44.47 56 70.90 14.10 64.44 41.02
muebles
Impresin y Si 19,035 5,689 0.01 16.10 7.75 13.09 6.54 3.62 15.24 7.34 6.19 3.42 31.57 98.07 98.98 58.29 38.37 262 52.00 32.80 10.50 18.35
edicin No 1,994 550 0.00 22.53 9.58 9.36 2.50 0.73 13.98 5.95 1.55 0.45 44.43 143.78 268.86 34.33 44.53 32 31.90 26.40 0.29 33.39
Prod. Si 6,192 2,010 0.23 37.11 20.05 34.45 18.65 12.15 20.07 10.84 10.09 6.58 60.00 130.97 84.71 31.99 40.86 83 32.60 13.40 7.57 34.42
manufacturados
No 1,614 325 0.00 11.72 4.80 11.78 4.88 3.18 10.08 4.13 4.20 2.74 23.39 98.22 138.84 69.36 19.35 29 65.80 46.50 2.83 39.75
diversos
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos Si 51,005 13,664 0.03 13.85 8.15 12.47 4.89 2.57 20.17 11.88 7.12 3.75 18.39 70.86 155.27 47.50 67.39 237 382.60 253.90 38.16 17.08
bsicos No 4,413 1,023 0.51 7.87 -2.36 -9.78 -4.92 -4.92 9.53 -2.86 -5.96 -5.96 19.14 84.72 98.27 53.82 55.36 66 119.10 79.50 36.57 47.99
Farmacuticos Si 31,538 12,598 0.23 23.45 12.33 23.93 9.93 5.31 19.71 10.36 8.35 4.47 47.53 92.90 139.37 44.03 47.61 442 37.10 11.40 9.07 72.04
y
No 6,949 2,305 0.05 28.64 13.07 23.17 8.19 4.58 17.77 8.11 5.08 2.84 53.45 156.66 180.72 36.76 40.55 119 22.80 8.40 1.17 58.01
medicamentos
Otros productos Si 11,906 3,296 1.36 16.08 7.98 12.75 7.45 3.78 14.23 7.06 6.59 3.35 31.28 107.91 67.16 52.54 40.43 114 81.10 38.30 3.78 31.86
qumicos No 3,905 991 1.50 10.45 1.93 12.60 5.04 2.79 10.13 1.87 4.88 2.70 26.18 101.05 150.19 58.21 38.74 53 54.90 26.00 14.65 25.45
Const. de maq. Si 17,075 6,766 3.27 26.19 5.58 6.61 4.40 2.44 22.24 4.74 3.74 2.07 46.67 103.45 47.94 55.02 35.19 247 60.20 31.60 23.44 25.30
no elctrica No 5,015 1,386 0.35 13.22 9.33 2.70 0.80 0.76 17.50 12.34 1.05 1.00 20.88 75.03 235.80 66.13 49.19 45 101.90 25.10 6.41 64.78
Maquinaria Si 20,404 5,016 2.98 14.00 5.82 13.68 10.29 7.90 12.99 5.40 9.55 7.33 26.48 106.78 32.96 70.53 24.04 347 33.60 13.40 9.29 33.50
elctrica No 21,951 4,425 0.15 27.06 20.14 29.15 17.83 11.52 15.35 11.42 10.11 6.53 35.55 181.47 63.54 36.68 35.31 84 125.90 79.30 27.36 33.80
Const. de Si 8,914 3,115 0.25 10.87 5.18 6.17 3.70 2.37 14.01 6.68 4.77 3.06 27.10 80.45 66.87 71.29 44.71 209 45.40 23.20 18.80 28.88
material de
No 10,084 2,427 0.00 16.60 10.22 12.80 7.93 5.28 14.18 8.73 6.77 4.51 28.19 83.93 61.43 53.61 37.22 103 54.40 15.40 1.10 44.86
transporte
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 20,279 5,383 0.25 24.09 12.41 16.69 11.28 6.75 18.12 9.33 8.48 5.08 35.30 117.91 47.64 52.81 29.78 81 90.80 66.70 20.55 34.34
plstico No 6,692 1,768 1.04 13.52 6.85 13.16 5.47 2.90 15.03 7.62 6.08 3.23 23.78 86.67 136.12 64.59 41.83 86 78.20 45.70 15.20 25.15
Fabricacin de Si 32,564 6,498 0.00 13.51 6.43 8.83 4.62 2.93 13.27 6.32 4.54 2.88 20.31 99.74 90.98 47.27 51.89 187 112.90 64.00 8.18 42.70
papel No 6,470 1,849 1.23 17.53 7.30 9.11 4.57 3.16 15.69 6.53 4.09 2.82 31.93 110.36 91.96 36.57 58.61 115 64.50 44.50 1.45 22.44
Fab. de Si 40,751 19,090 0.29 18.38 12.26 23.07 12.94 8.35 36.01 24.03 25.35 16.35 23.91 60.94 77.97 65.30 66.67 376 227.60 150.40 3.57 24.03
productos no
No 2,050 703 0.00 12.73 2.25 13.66 5.46 3.98 15.41 2.73 6.61 4.82 28.32 83.65 122.12 60.24 49.77 49 48.70 31.50 31.61 34.39
metlicos
Si 119,267 38,019 0.95 26.31 15.98 26.99 16.51 10.92 23.81 14.47 14.95 9.88 35.22 104.86 63.48 54.97 39.28 417 156.20 76.20 7.69 36.92
Siderurgia
No 6,564 2,135 0.00 8.21 4.02 1.84 1.14 0.57 14.38 7.05 2.00 1.00 18.58 53.84 59.30 83.25 52.47 165 100.00 74.00 26.31 33.56
55
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
Trans. de Si 254,817 43,713 0.00 13.28 7.85 27.34 5.97 5.97 8.60 5.08 3.87 3.87 26.50 134.98 357.40 30.46 52.95 2,185 67.80 37.70 69.48 54.98
metales no
No 26,149 4,253 0.11 12.91 6.78 9.63 4.15 2.86 10.40 5.47 3.34 2.30 20.18 127.76 132.15 36.54 54.65 145 137.40 62.00 73.90 15.37
ferrosos
Productos Si 5,679 1,426 0.00 16.31 6.17 5.84 2.85 1.21 16.74 6.33 2.93 1.24 24.46 98.44 104.36 49.58 51.53 70 54.10 39.30 1.50 9.95
metlicos No 4,420 1,383 0.44 13.71 7.38 13.85 5.16 3.75 17.11 9.22 6.44 4.68 25.08 75.52 162.88 74.00 40.41 85 51.50 32.30 2.83 16.70
Si 32,399 9,662 0.23 18.81 10.92 20.16 9.82 6.59 19.13 11.10 9.99 6.70 29.32 95.01 104.39 48.24 52.56 348 87.20 51.60 29.35 24.53
Total
No 7,764 2,017 0.24 13.56 5.36 5.71 2.44 0.39 14.22 5.62 2.56 0.41 24.76 94.40 130.66 49.08 52.94 126 62.20 33.50 25.40 18.05
TIC: EMPRESAS QUE USAN O NO INTERNET EN ACTIVIDADES DE I&D
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y Si 9,462 2,648 0.00 9.66 3.44 0.80 0.65 0.63 12.51 4.45 0.84 0.81 21.61 75.42 23.59 28.61 77.80 173 65.10 33.10 1.29 92.91
panadera No 1,249 335 0.00 27.44 19.57 32.04 20.76 12.86 14.30 10.20 10.82 6.71 51.39 182.51 47.80 27.55 41.40 24 20.40 11.40 1.72 34.16
- - - - -
Bebidas y Si 78,693 20,771 0.00 12.25 -0.95 15.41 -1.19 20.99 79.44 162.65 26.24 78.98 786 146.50 54.30 0.70 9.85
26.73 10.18 12.97 12.80 16.31
tabaco
No 17,097 6,752 0.03 33.38 18.22 29.51 17.16 10.03 32.14 17.54 16.52 9.66 41.03 103.47 70.36 45.79 52.26 111 147.50 71.90 0.26 15.34
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 18,439 5,141 0.01 11.48 5.47 7.26 3.03 1.75 15.55 7.40 4.11 2.37 20.59 77.09 136.59 58.74 56.59 380 66.40 39.90 32.41 16.50
textiles No 10,858 3,695 0.00 13.32 5.07 3.06 1.52 0.43 16.51 6.29 1.88 0.53 27.45 85.36 100.96 66.59 45.86 319 62.30 37.60 42.60 17.38
Fab. prendas de Si 46,519 16,055 0.00 30.33 16.99 36.50 18.60 13.32 20.03 11.22 12.28 8.80 52.25 146.96 88.53 35.07 46.91 1,430 17.40 10.50 69.22 22.95
vestir No 1,577 687 0.00 26.57 10.08 15.13 7.26 6.06 14.21 5.39 3.88 3.24 81.46 197.80 108.42 27.96 43.04 128 5.90 4.00 33.07 39.76
Si 4,769 574 0.00 9.18 3.97 1.22 0.47 0.47 9.39 4.07 0.48 0.48 11.77 95.93 160.95 67.20 34.32 6 698.10 524.70 53.76 3.52
Preparacin del
- - - - - - -
cuero No 546 150 0.00 6.23 7.01 24.43 77.76 96.82 27.42 23.39 12 51.00 27.10 7.08 10.18
18.51 50.35 25.58 25.58 20.82 28.77 28.77
Fabricacin de Si 1,228 400 0.00 39.13 27.94 40.22 26.00 16.24 20.87 14.90 13.87 8.67 61.01 187.47 54.68 29.62 44.47 43 10.00 4.90 0.00 28.24
calzado No 696 327 0.00 31.48 11.39 30.73 4.10 2.38 18.90 6.84 2.46 1.43 78.21 166.59 649.50 57.16 4.77 55 0.40 0.30 0.00 18.32
Ind. de madera Si 11,818 4,134 0.00 19.35 13.10 19.39 9.67 9.56 19.49 13.19 9.74 9.63 34.73 100.40 97.94 55.01 45.39 185 63.80 31.30 1.91 13.43
y muebles No 5,814 813 0.00 5.58 2.52 6.89 3.12 3.00 7.90 3.57 4.43 4.24 9.88 70.15 120.51 74.94 46.91 39 124.70 23.70 73.49 44.96
Impresin y Si 18,024 5,296 0.03 17.02 7.65 14.31 7.88 4.37 16.01 7.19 7.42 4.11 31.23 98.76 80.68 62.70 33.28 202 58.30 38.80 12.28 52.99
edicin No 5,593 1,701 0.00 15.04 8.43 6.79 2.14 1.01 12.98 7.28 1.85 0.87 35.23 106.03 213.90 40.49 53.07 116 39.10 23.40 3.16 9.68
Prod. manufact. Si 4,958 1,546 0.21 31.21 16.88 26.37 14.79 8.67 19.07 10.32 9.04 5.30 51.03 138.86 78.23 39.83 34.83 78 52.90 35.90 7.69 31.84
diversos No 1,685 358 0.00 14.75 5.88 23.31 7.79 6.96 10.95 4.36 5.78 5.17 28.65 72.08 195.09 56.48 23.91 22 29.30 5.40 1.84 61.85
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos Si 37,121 9,888 0.15 13.72 7.24 10.58 4.16 1.97 19.37 10.22 5.87 2.79 18.87 72.80 154.33 48.05 65.97 182 366.90 249.50 38.64 22.37
bsicos No 3,302 693 0.00 5.38 1.90 -4.57 -2.55 -2.55 8.26 2.91 -3.92 -3.92 13.67 70.26 78.23 53.77 64.97 74 63.90 25.30 28.52 50.17
Farmac. y Si 14,422 5,019 0.21 23.00 11.21 20.55 7.71 4.07 17.47 8.51 5.85 3.09 45.82 107.73 164.48 40.57 46.52 211 30.00 9.70 5.61 61.15
medicamentos No 12,333 6,078 0.00 33.15 18.16 33.94 16.68 9.44 25.68 14.06 12.92 7.31 63.62 126.48 103.55 45.25 41.58 212 36.20 12.40 9.10 83.77
Otros productos Si 14,712 4,124 1.86 14.03 6.28 13.21 7.02 3.67 13.37 5.98 6.69 3.50 29.41 101.08 84.85 56.21 40.82 154 79.80 37.80 7.40 34.21
qumicos No 1,636 296 0.00 18.41 4.92 5.68 2.83 0.99 9.93 2.65 1.53 0.54 33.56 174.34 101.11 37.36 27.05 20 18.30 7.50 2.10 10.61
Caucho y Si 9,558 2,432 1.58 13.49 6.64 14.11 5.87 3.15 14.51 7.15 6.31 3.38 23.65 87.20 135.10 63.20 41.19 109 81.10 44.70 14.93 28.34
plstico No 7,434 2,074 0.00 20.62 10.91 14.70 8.64 5.05 18.17 9.62 7.62 4.45 31.66 106.53 69.73 57.37 34.91 59 77.50 56.00 19.75 25.18
Constr. de Si 9,347 3,000 2.74 16.85 8.35 4.43 1.75 1.20 19.49 9.66 2.03 1.39 27.75 82.34 150.52 62.35 45.65 99 85.30 28.50 12.69 31.84
maq. no
No 213 41 0.00 -17.94 3.63 15.77 3.21 2.25 -11.20 2.26 2.00 1.40 30.77 139.10 391.32 35.80 5.94 11 6.80 12.70 0.00 98.00
elctrica
Constr. Si 11,208 3,052 0.21 12.23 6.48 7.54 4.81 3.29 13.04 6.91 5.13 3.50 25.54 83.27 56.61 58.45 45.18 163 59.20 22.10 5.14 32.32
material de
No 6,275 2,095 0.00 19.46 12.34 19.69 9.59 5.81 17.92 11.36 8.83 5.35 36.25 77.44 105.29 69.82 24.18 125 22.20 15.20 20.18 42.06
transporte
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Fabricacin de Si 9,237 2,453 0.66 16.14 7.25 8.14 3.46 2.92 15.24 6.85 3.27 2.76 28.13 101.42 126.13 37.03 60.21 121 93.60 67.90 1.40 18.12
papel No 18,133 3,871 0.82 14.19 6.52 9.05 4.90 3.01 13.64 6.26 4.70 2.89 22.22 102.85 84.37 46.06 52.04 148 83.10 47.30 7.50 45.97
Fabr. productos Si 20,025 9,026 0.34 24.52 16.20 30.60 16.84 11.11 34.53 22.81 23.72 15.64 32.01 90.91 80.28 59.88 57.44 203 142.60 80.70 6.41 18.71
no metlicos No 21,149 10,250 0.00 12.04 7.77 15.42 8.64 5.37 35.75 23.08 25.66 15.94 16.32 33.28 77.90 75.62 74.53 206 338.40 252.30 2.27 52.21
56
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
Si 104,073 34,774 2.94 26.42 16.80 27.82 17.69 11.72 25.01 15.91 16.75 11.09 35.29 102.00 57.09 57.89 38.86 355 158.20 74.00 7.01 24.74
Siderurgia
No 21,758 5,380 0.00 15.85 5.55 4.97 2.49 1.48 15.23 5.34 2.40 1.43 25.72 90.29 98.77 49.52 48.48 227 112.40 78.00 16.58 36.56
Transf. de met. Si 198,194 35,088 0.00 13.28 7.73 25.11 6.19 6.02 8.85 5.16 4.13 4.02 26.55 132.03 305.18 31.10 53.36 1,694 69.90 36.90 71.46 15.51
no ferrosos No 25,423 2,599 0.56 12.68 7.25 2.29 0.64 0.22 8.41 4.81 0.42 0.15 15.41 153.76 260.15 32.17 51.53 119 140.60 92.00 54.95 45.20
Productos Si 5,373 1,479 0.36 12.35 6.28 11.16 4.45 3.39 16.31 8.29 5.87 4.48 20.85 74.60 145.94 75.60 42.68 79 65.90 44.90 2.92 13.63
metlicos No 3,573 1,251 0.00 21.59 10.22 13.43 5.35 2.39 18.75 8.88 4.65 2.07 40.30 103.57 149.49 47.87 43.82 88 31.40 16.90 1.41 13.72
Si 22,308 6,279 0.27 16.83 8.75 15.71 6.92 4.22 16.92 8.80 6.96 4.25 28.00 96.89 124.81 47.45 52.75 282 73.30 40.30 31.41 20.07
Total
No 7,438 2,290 0.05 16.59 8.74 13.65 7.07 4.19 19.43 10.23 8.28 4.90 26.30 82.79 92.37 52.89 54.57 103 83.50 52.80 17.48 23.39
TIC: EMPRESAS QUE USAN O NO INTERNET PARA SERVICIO AL CLIENTE
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y Si 11,093 3,049 0.00 14.67 8.10 8.34 6.42 4.08 14.57 8.05 6.38 4.05 27.67 100.17 28.23 31.68 68.06 154 62.10 32.30 1.77 61.81
panadera No 375 100 0.00 20.19 10.93 17.42 10.67 7.78 6.70 3.63 3.54 2.58 80.35 234.62 63.18 6.72 47.17 18 6.50 3.10 0.00 28.80
Bebidas y Si 71,026 24,079 0.00 18.95 5.03 -6.97 -3.11 -7.68 23.19 6.15 -3.81 -9.40 27.69 80.94 123.73 29.70 75.74 622 167.00 66.60 0.59 10.32
tabaco No 12,679 2,859 0.00 17.87 4.60 9.37 3.96 1.74 16.26 4.18 3.61 1.58 24.79 112.16 132.90 45.29 49.39 108 80.20 34.40 0.39 57.32
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 17,332 4,918 0.01 11.10 5.02 6.32 2.48 1.24 15.14 6.84 3.38 1.69 20.81 77.43 153.08 60.75 55.45 398 61.90 37.20 37.60 15.98
textiles No 12,897 3,977 0.00 13.50 6.15 6.19 3.25 2.01 16.85 7.67 4.06 2.51 24.71 82.52 88.08 59.59 51.90 285 70.70 42.40 29.66 17.90
Fabricacin de Si 26,369 10,512 0.00 43.78 27.96 47.75 28.99 20.04 28.63 18.28 18.95 13.10 60.97 153.18 55.27 32.98 49.48 613 21.80 12.50 59.98 62.44
prendas de
No 15,682 4,567 0.00 14.23 3.55 13.94 5.47 4.84 9.34 2.33 3.59 3.17 44.40 143.82 150.89 36.82 43.56 699 12.70 8.10 76.45 17.85
vestir
Industria de Si 1,215 285 0.00 12.98 6.19 4.08 2.36 0.97 14.08 6.71 2.56 1.05 21.62 83.99 71.89 70.63 33.97 33 23.50 15.00 21.05 16.63
madera y
No 14,650 4,021 0.00 13.11 8.44 14.80 6.98 6.94 15.27 9.82 8.13 8.08 23.57 86.85 110.47 61.84 46.86 165 84.90 32.40 28.99 15.48
muebles
Impresin y Si 16,478 4,844 0.02 17.07 7.75 13.40 6.72 3.64 15.12 6.86 5.95 3.22 33.19 104.98 98.70 56.50 36.20 207 51.50 32.40 10.10 46.43
edicin No 3,511 1,106 0.00 13.52 8.43 10.35 4.26 2.49 15.17 9.46 4.78 2.80 28.06 79.93 139.12 54.38 51.21 80 44.90 31.30 6.53 4.74
Productos Si 4,095 1,267 0.21 31.25 17.07 26.70 14.99 9.03 19.02 10.39 9.12 5.50 50.85 138.18 78.16 40.00 34.29 65 51.30 34.60 7.45 31.84
manuf. diversos No 1,945 410 0.00 13.70 4.85 21.76 6.98 6.10 10.41 3.69 5.30 4.63 27.72 69.63 207.46 57.42 24.42 24 32.20 5.70 2.00 61.85
Tecnolgicos
Si 29,654 7,700 0.14 13.35 7.03 10.21 4.03 1.95 18.61 9.80 5.62 2.72 18.63 73.92 153.28 47.92 65.61 157 332.00 223.90 38.24 24.30
Qumicos
- - -
bsicos No 667 398 0.00 3.93 -0.05 -9.72 -9.72 18.04 -0.22 12.97 25.47 25.72 110.59 75.92 70 40.90 7.10 2.49 0.00
12.22 44.67 44.67
Farmacuticos Si 12,130 5,981 0.29 28.36 11.59 17.72 7.33 3.02 23.44 9.58 6.06 2.49 59.66 121.47 140.17 49.96 39.55 314 24.70 8.60 6.11 73.94
y
No 14,999 4,837 0.04 23.23 13.02 26.97 10.49 6.16 17.04 9.55 7.70 4.52 43.96 106.20 155.29 37.63 48.61 154 38.80 12.00 6.33 59.54
medicamentos
Otros productos Si 5,909 1,785 1.72 17.98 9.92 13.42 7.70 4.07 15.23 8.40 6.52 3.44 35.68 118.42 72.09 49.58 40.88 67 61.00 26.90 1.90 31.69
qumicos No 10,465 2,571 1.29 11.92 3.76 12.26 6.14 3.13 11.36 3.59 5.85 2.99 25.76 97.54 96.09 57.53 39.32 107 81.00 39.80 10.44 27.41
Const. de ma. Si 8,635 3,405 3.35 26.22 5.60 6.63 4.41 2.45 22.21 4.74 3.73 2.07 46.55 103.66 48.38 54.47 35.37 127 59.30 31.20 23.20 25.33
no elctrica No 5,979 1,654 0.00 13.17 9.33 2.66 0.78 0.75 17.48 12.39 1.04 0.99 20.84 74.86 236.42 66.53 49.17 52 103.70 25.30 6.43 64.80
Maquinaria Si 23,477 4,734 1.84 22.66 15.26 24.25 15.26 10.36 13.78 9.28 9.28 6.30 33.15 170.83 58.92 39.68 34.75 172 69.30 39.90 24.36 39.94
elctrica No 6,438 2,563 0.00 26.69 19.88 20.68 16.45 9.75 29.01 21.61 17.88 10.60 36.62 65.69 25.72 98.45 9.44 46 34.50 12.30 0.61 16.04
Const. de mat. Si 13,258 3,048 0.00 18.34 12.32 17.18 10.76 6.99 14.28 9.59 8.38 5.44 29.53 80.54 59.61 58.01 25.48 107 42.40 12.10 6.98 46.81
de transporte No 6,608 2,481 0.24 9.57 3.55 2.36 1.40 1.00 13.84 5.14 2.03 1.45 25.98 83.51 68.37 65.63 54.58 185 51.90 23.90 10.76 28.78
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 8,926 2,348 0.34 19.31 9.68 13.86 8.04 4.39 16.58 8.31 6.90 3.77 30.64 106.60 69.14 53.85 37.17 68 93.80 58.00 16.40 26.37
plstico No 8,163 2,175 1.33 13.48 7.01 15.00 5.95 3.40 15.43 8.02 6.81 3.89 23.28 84.23 149.30 68.35 40.28 102 70.60 42.10 17.51 27.41
Fabricacin de Si 41,744 8,208 0.00 13.33 6.39 8.73 4.51 2.85 13.31 6.38 4.50 2.85 19.70 98.25 93.50 47.83 52.08 222 122.60 69.80 7.93 42.70
papel No 6,309 1,795 1.23 17.75 7.37 9.33 4.85 3.34 15.40 6.39 4.21 2.90 32.80 113.51 85.52 36.27 57.71 111 61.80 42.20 2.58 22.44
Fabricacin de Si 31,087 15,296 0.27 18.88 12.69 23.88 13.41 8.65 38.30 25.74 27.20 17.54 24.26 60.80 78.07 66.47 67.21 282 240.50 160.30 3.63 23.98
productos no
No 5,657 1,323 1.20 8.57 1.27 5.56 2.61 1.92 9.44 1.40 2.88 2.11 21.22 74.21 95.71 54.19 50.66 96 61.40 34.70 15.78 43.31
metlicos
Siderurgia Si 89,802 28,654 0.82 26.29 15.93 26.89 16.45 10.88 23.80 14.42 14.89 9.85 35.25 104.89 63.31 54.84 39.42 327 150.60 73.30 7.66 34.59
57
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
No 9,142 2,923 0.00 7.68 4.02 1.84 1.14 0.58 13.94 7.29 2.07 1.06 17.62 51.57 60.78 87.84 51.60 219 109.50 82.50 28.33 35.41
Trans. de met. Si 13,624 1,791 0.00 16.88 10.86 23.16 13.21 8.44 8.67 5.58 6.79 4.34 25.58 196.88 75.26 24.94 51.48 76 81.30 46.50 57.35 4.39
no ferrosos No 207,043 35,694 0.07 13.09 7.57 22.87 5.42 5.41 8.82 5.10 3.66 3.64 25.58 131.56 321.22 31.50 53.26 1,727 73.20 39.40 70.64 51.51
Productos Si 4,477 1,374 0.36 17.08 7.95 7.79 3.37 1.70 16.50 7.69 3.26 1.65 31.77 96.10 128.66 59.08 38.76 84 38.90 21.20 2.07 12.34
metlicos No 5,008 1,419 0.10 11.92 6.39 15.50 5.71 4.44 17.68 9.47 8.48 6.58 19.10 67.53 164.80 78.79 46.48 79 72.50 53.10 3.03 15.42
Si 17,813 5,650 0.22 18.79 10.16 16.36 8.34 4.60 21.04 11.39 9.34 5.15 28.31 90.14 95.05 50.41 54.97 202 94.30 54.90 18.24 21.80
Total
No 13,080 3,140 0.26 13.75 6.82 13.32 5.20 4.00 12.37 6.13 4.68 3.60 26.68 102.95 153.35 45.84 48.84 191 55.70 30.80 41.31 20.38
TIC: EMPRESAS QUE CUENTAN O NO CON SERVICIO DE EXTRANET
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y Si 18,381 5,281 0.00 9.75 3.46 0.71 0.58 0.58 12.92 4.59 0.76 0.76 21.68 75.44 23.45 29.02 78.11 336 66.50 33.80 1.33 93.64
panadera No 1,263 329 0.00 27.66 19.54 32.23 20.93 12.99 14.24 10.06 10.78 6.69 50.57 180.79 47.47 27.53 41.02 23 21.20 11.70 1.70 34.22
Bebidas y Si 94,428 32,018 0.00 18.96 5.05 -7.07 -3.15 -7.72 23.21 6.18 -3.86 -9.45 27.70 80.92 124.21 29.57 75.84 823 167.80 66.70 0.59 10.32
tabaco No 11,197 2,535 0.49 17.85 4.52 9.49 4.06 1.80 16.28 4.12 3.70 1.64 24.81 111.86 130.58 45.56 49.25 97 79.70 34.80 0.39 30.42
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 29,257 8,635 0.02 12.35 6.20 7.83 3.83 2.52 16.40 8.23 5.09 3.35 22.23 78.41 104.18 75.87 42.86 561 92.90 55.60 41.16 15.65
textiles No 12,946 3,776 0.00 11.63 4.97 5.28 2.15 0.95 15.45 6.60 2.86 1.26 21.96 79.07 142.27 52.82 60.06 315 54.30 32.70 31.50 17.32
Fabricacin de Si 30,316 10,046 0.00 35.37 17.01 27.03 13.80 10.09 22.53 10.83 8.79 6.43 52.02 157.90 87.83 34.84 45.30 878 16.60 9.90 61.28 42.56
prendas de
No 16,933 6,082 0.00 27.45 16.59 40.37 20.47 14.60 18.24 11.02 13.61 9.70 54.05 144.11 89.99 34.69 47.53 598 15.90 9.80 71.00 23.00
vestir
Industria de Si 23,408 8,083 0.00 19.02 12.89 18.73 9.29 9.27 20.14 13.65 9.84 9.82 32.62 96.24 101.42 57.24 45.94 314 82.50 42.70 1.19 12.31
madera y
No 5,240 1,043 0.00 8.16 4.47 9.80 4.54 4.33 10.28 5.62 5.71 5.45 15.81 78.69 113.21 67.54 46.19 59 68.40 14.20 55.57 31.15
muebles
Impresin y Si 11,163 3,536 0.05 17.58 8.42 8.43 4.79 2.82 15.11 7.24 4.12 2.42 36.85 115.76 76.02 46.30 45.93 174 68.10 39.40 1.21 42.66
edicin No 10,845 3,150 0.00 16.15 7.70 14.61 6.75 3.63 15.13 7.21 6.32 3.40 31.00 96.33 114.79 59.39 36.60 146 43.30 29.50 12.31 15.05
Productos Si 1,425 352 6.69 17.59 -7.55 22.48 10.80 10.45 9.11 -3.91 5.59 5.41 47.76 188.99 107.79 42.34 18.20 15 11.40 0.90 98.66 96.00
manuf. diversos No 3,354 953 0.00 25.94 14.00 25.78 12.48 7.99 17.05 9.20 8.20 5.25 43.23 113.08 105.63 44.93 31.65 51 47.80 27.10 1.02 33.93
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos Si 41,692 7,841 0.00 8.44 4.18 2.88 1.00 0.09 13.09 6.49 1.55 0.14 12.12 66.43 188.85 41.57 73.21 232 295.90 164.90 60.44 17.08
bsicos No 15,594 4,716 0.58 15.95 8.46 11.95 5.28 2.58 21.54 11.42 7.14 3.48 22.39 76.40 125.95 52.11 61.37 101 285.10 204.00 25.88 47.99
Farmacuticos Si 45,527 11,280 0.10 27.68 13.73 26.73 9.39 4.72 13.39 6.64 4.54 2.28 51.22 206.57 184.61 28.35 41.39 388 25.20 7.20 1.05 66.61
y
No 11,547 4,781 0.17 24.48 12.34 23.29 9.44 5.17 20.73 10.45 7.99 4.38 48.90 94.83 144.81 45.42 46.29 198 32.30 10.70 7.85 66.58
medicamentos
Maquinaria Si 30,178 5,561 6.68 7.27 -1.98 8.79 6.22 6.22 6.33 -1.73 5.41 5.41 21.18 128.36 41.28 59.19 31.95 640 32.90 12.80 12.29 58.01
elctrica No 20,536 4,431 0.11 27.31 20.53 28.16 18.02 11.54 16.42 12.34 10.83 6.94 35.89 166.93 56.29 40.95 31.88 80 119.00 74.40 25.63 27.94
Construccin de Si 16,580 4,231 0.33 12.64 6.85 8.49 6.21 4.30 13.24 7.18 6.50 4.50 24.36 84.60 36.66 55.66 46.87 172 81.80 32.70 6.15 29.06
material de
No 6,056 1,984 0.00 15.05 8.70 11.67 5.09 3.04 15.30 8.84 5.17 3.09 32.24 78.65 129.39 68.15 32.93 139 28.50 12.50 11.55 39.68
transporte
Otros productos Si 14,740 4,431 1.37 20.30 11.05 17.96 11.08 5.95 16.94 9.22 9.24 4.97 36.03 98.77 60.28 51.00 38.70 125 68.70 17.10 3.70 41.33
qumicos No 6,139 1,571 1.44 11.90 4.11 9.93 4.89 2.44 11.24 3.88 4.61 2.30 27.10 108.88 99.42 55.63 40.45 72 72.80 39.90 8.31 25.35
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 49,902 13,949 0.08 25.13 13.00 17.04 12.44 7.44 19.13 9.89 9.47 5.66 36.73 113.13 36.97 56.58 25.65 174 73.40 57.50 24.51 37.31
plstico No 6,575 1,705 1.05 13.81 7.00 13.19 5.47 2.93 14.91 7.55 5.91 3.16 24.01 89.51 136.35 62.29 42.25 81 80.50 47.50 14.19 24.79
Fabricacin de Si 51,900 9,421 0.00 10.70 6.89 6.31 2.07 1.01 12.94 8.34 2.50 1.22 15.00 72.56 205.26 61.93 48.82 270 133.20 75.10 13.73 98.75
papel No 11,829 2,851 0.78 16.77 6.54 9.67 6.04 4.11 14.37 5.60 5.18 3.52 28.13 119.46 57.56 37.16 56.41 127 77.00 49.00 3.29 26.30
Fabricacin de Si 60,782 31,434 0.00 12.33 7.81 17.20 9.23 5.93 37.49 23.76 28.08 18.03 17.01 34.55 86.24 72.03 76.31 675 308.10 234.10 0.00 38.78
productos no
No 15,629 6,822 0.40 23.98 16.00 28.06 16.10 10.45 33.74 22.51 22.66 14.70 31.02 88.54 72.36 61.83 56.02 148 149.90 82.60 7.37 18.00
metlicos
Si 306,760 102,322 39.47 26.58 17.05 28.10 18.03 11.92 25.02 16.05 16.97 11.22 35.44 102.43 55.81 57.74 38.65 920 176.70 82.00 6.84 0.00
Siderurgia
No 14,147 3,628 0.00 16.22 5.63 5.26 2.59 1.66 15.97 5.54 2.55 1.63 26.05 89.68 102.38 50.81 48.39 165 99.80 68.50 16.59 35.00
Productos Si 15,325 5,836 1.03 25.79 9.70 11.08 6.28 3.02 25.19 9.48 6.13 2.95 38.98 110.59 75.96 44.37 54.58 211 75.30 51.10 3.12 8.19
metlicos No 4,084 1,139 0.06 12.35 6.67 11.78 4.36 3.21 15.26 8.24 5.39 3.96 22.56 75.62 165.06 72.59 40.95 75 48.20 30.80 2.35 15.04
58
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
Si 38,561 12,309 0.14 17.69 8.93 12.87 6.80 3.42 21.10 10.65 8.11 4.08 26.76 82.42 88.84 51.10 57.15 415 107.80 60.20 16.73 18.86
Total
No 9,250 2,799 0.27 17.22 9.22 16.81 7.91 4.88 18.06 9.67 8.29 5.12 28.85 95.27 109.82 52.76 49.52 144 62.10 36.90 20.54 22.72
TIC: EMPRESAS QUE USAN O NO INTERNET PARA DISTRIBUIR PRODUCTOS EN LNEA
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 6,972 2,310 0.25 11.69 2.78 0.15 0.04 -0.10 13.49 3.20 0.05 -0.11 28.71 74.56 242.69 61.76 46.49 192 37.10 23.20 28.34 33.13
textiles No 16,332 4,745 0.00 11.88 5.47 6.42 2.82 1.55 15.82 7.29 3.76 2.06 21.83 79.24 125.03 60.29 54.58 367 66.30 39.80 35.15 16.15
Fabricacin de Si 37,584 11,766 0.00 35.49 17.33 27.09 14.18 10.30 23.27 11.37 9.30 6.75 47.74 153.21 82.97 36.10 44.95 806 22.50 13.20 62.99 33.14
prendas de
No 16,332 5,997 0.00 27.57 16.43 40.20 20.14 14.40 18.04 10.75 13.18 9.42 56.12 146.73 92.48 34.07 47.66 633 14.40 8.90 69.79 24.49
vestir
Ind. de madera Si 2,291 432 0.00 14.89 11.62 10.98 7.68 5.10 13.15 10.26 6.78 4.51 21.36 112.55 43.02 85.99 2.64 50 6.50 0.20 24.98 16.54
y muebles No 9,168 2,512 0.00 13.07 8.24 14.10 6.68 6.61 15.24 9.61 7.79 7.71 23.50 86.19 109.45 61.82 46.90 111 79.20 31.20 28.57 15.52
Impresin y Si 1,374 397 0.00 17.79 5.68 -4.63 -0.77 -1.42 15.74 5.03 -0.68 -1.26 32.66 77.07 505.05 38.00 57.06 35 54.20 44.10 0.00 0.00
edicin No 11,925 3,541 0.01 16.46 7.89 13.03 6.38 3.50 15.12 7.24 5.86 3.22 32.33 101.04 102.88 56.42 38.51 165 49.90 31.90 9.73 18.96
Productos Si 1,487 348 0.00 16.67 9.57 10.63 7.07 4.20 16.03 9.20 6.80 4.04 24.31 56.57 50.38 68.70 28.57 12 117.60 11.00 0.05 33.60
manuf. diversos No 3,346 954 0.19 26.36 13.44 27.45 12.86 8.42 16.68 8.51 8.14 5.33 45.02 121.15 112.35 43.47 31.33 51 44.70 26.60 6.28 35.69
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos Si 8,184 1,977 0.00 13.71 -3.49 -4.33 -2.27 -2.67 10.73 -2.73 -1.78 -2.09 30.88 119.52 90.68 35.20 55.00 79 183.90 143.90 31.36 23.78
bsicos No 26,836 7,108 0.23 13.06 7.46 10.08 4.01 1.89 19.50 11.14 5.99 2.83 17.74 69.80 150.91 49.96 66.54 153 310.80 202.20 38.69 24.64
Farmacuticos Si 23,802 12,035 0.39 28.78 11.58 18.05 8.48 3.31 22.71 9.14 6.69 2.61 64.05 127.76 112.88 49.88 36.81 524 25.30 7.40 7.79 83.10
y
No 12,336 4,114 0.03 23.67 12.86 26.15 9.75 5.71 17.84 9.70 7.35 4.30 44.25 105.80 165.76 38.74 48.52 159 34.70 11.80 5.78 57.01
medicamentos
Otros productos Si 1,801 913 2.47 37.38 23.58 22.09 13.30 8.68 35.30 22.27 12.56 8.19 53.69 100.91 66.04 57.37 36.33 17 55.40 18.90 0.95 36.12
qumicos No 8,803 2,309 1.39 13.57 5.64 12.41 6.54 3.34 12.31 5.11 5.94 3.03 28.91 105.94 86.55 54.07 40.05 94 72.50 34.40 7.01 28.55
Construccin de Si 194 44 100.00 29.19 7.32 10.02 4.62 3.23 19.80 4.97 3.13 2.19 33.69 127.41 117.05 5.79 54.88 6 21.50 17.00 2.20 59.76
maq. no
No 7,828 2,506 2.65 16.65 8.33 4.44 1.75 1.20 19.21 9.61 2.02 1.39 27.75 82.51 151.23 62.34 45.43 85 82.60 28.50 12.62 32.29
elctrica
Maquinaria Si 6,575 2,054 1.73 23.28 15.82 28.59 15.28 9.18 13.86 9.42 9.10 5.47 52.47 147.36 87.09 47.57 20.11 132 24.10 13.00 0.06 0.00
elctrica No 23,443 4,862 1.36 23.09 15.76 23.51 15.40 10.36 14.82 10.12 9.88 6.65 32.30 160.13 52.73 43.17 32.76 151 76.50 43.60 24.43 33.67
Cons. de Si 7,003 2,668 0.74 7.73 0.36 4.30 3.49 2.76 14.09 0.66 6.36 5.03 20.90 90.06 23.10 72.74 60.08 125 79.10 31.20 5.99 0.00
material de
No 9,884 2,741 0.15 14.63 8.83 10.64 6.12 3.95 14.11 8.52 5.90 3.81 28.75 80.81 73.90 59.89 37.91 153 45.80 19.10 8.64 34.50
transporte
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 14,749 3,859 0.06 20.58 9.91 13.20 8.75 4.65 16.53 7.96 7.03 3.74 32.58 110.29 47.20 54.99 31.53 101 74.00 55.50 24.55 33.63
plstico No 7,166 1,906 1.10 14.59 7.64 15.02 6.26 3.57 15.80 8.27 6.77 3.87 24.57 88.89 137.15 63.43 41.37 81 81.50 46.50 13.44 25.26
Fab. productos Si 6,907 3,877 92.28 20.02 15.83 21.55 15.03 9.10 49.59 39.21 37.24 22.54 22.65 48.96 43.41 211.40 14.51 47 342.90 246.30 0.00 0.00
no metlicos No 21,965 10,064 0.05 18.10 11.74 22.92 12.57 8.15 34.38 22.29 23.88 15.49 24.12 62.31 81.26 59.62 68.59 222 201.50 132.50 5.24 24.10
Productos Si 3,482 1,522 4.33 14.60 1.64 -0.94 -0.62 -2.17 17.26 1.93 -0.73 -2.57 36.99 95.08 52.18 53.11 55.06 96 51.60 34.70 8.64 38.47
metlicos No 4,881 1,372 0.05 14.26 7.71 14.11 5.22 3.77 16.99 9.19 6.21 4.49 23.60 79.10 165.26 69.22 41.58 80 52.00 33.40 1.80 12.43
Si 10,468 3,503 0.81 23.08 10.51 15.00 8.66 5.07 20.03 9.12 7.52 4.40 38.55 111.97 70.32 53.66 38.09 169 46.00 29.40 30.95 42.37
Total
No 11,877 3,681 0.25 16.00 9.00 16.39 7.77 4.93 18.66 10.49 9.06 5.75 26.57 85.85 109.03 54.82 52.90 184 72.50 43.40 22.32 21.82
TIC: EMPRESAS QUE CUENTAN O NO CON SERVICIO DE INTERNET
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y Si 3,047 848 0.00 15.00 8.18 8.57 6.56 4.20 14.13 7.71 6.18 3.96 29.52 103.47 28.86 29.56 67.12 51 48.30 25.50 1.61 58.79
panadera No 392 80 0.00 12.68 13.31 31.93 12.79 9.92 2.59 2.72 2.62 2.03 99.48 385.93 149.56 4.88 54.09 20 5.30 2.60 0.00 28.92
Si 17,917 6,910 0.02 32.95 18.18 31.56 17.58 10.63 31.00 17.11 16.54 10.00 40.99 105.41 77.86 44.94 51.91 125 136.90 65.70 0.24 15.31
Bebidas y
- - - - -
tabaco No 76,507 20,351 0.00 12.22 -1.13 15.64 -1.45 20.79 78.29 156.57 26.22 79.43 746 151.20 56.20 0.72 9.74
27.37 10.67 13.49 13.65 17.27
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 16,458 4,791 0.01 11.79 5.38 6.27 2.73 1.49 15.61 7.13 3.61 1.97 21.98 78.97 127.76 60.41 54.33 373 64.90 39.00 34.92 16.75
textiles No 277 357 0.00 149.69 3.00 3.42 1.62 1.25 120.98 2.42 1.31 1.01 159.66 248.88 110.30 2.46 20.80 6 15.90 13.50 0.00 46.46
Fabricacin de Si 22,641 7,904 0.00 30.22 16.79 35.95 18.26 13.11 19.77 10.98 11.94 8.57 53.38 148.77 89.34 34.61 46.97 748 16.20 9.80 67.90 24.50
59
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
prendas de
No 894 343 0.00 24.30 8.38 6.65 3.80 3.30 19.31 6.66 3.02 2.63 48.24 164.73 74.79 59.72 13.24 33 9.20 8.10 0.00 28.79
vestir
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos Si 23,860 6,256 0.14 13.17 6.89 9.07 3.65 1.61 18.64 9.74 5.16 2.28 18.54 72.87 148.78 48.22 65.91 144 293.50 195.10 38.04 24.30
bsicos No 363 140 0.00 1.90 -1.05 4.88 4.63 4.63 6.37 -3.54 15.55 15.55 11.45 35.92 5.44 118.32 61.36 16 57.80 30.40 0.00 18.80
Farmacuticos Si 14,994 5,628 0.16 24.98 12.55 23.82 9.43 5.10 19.03 9.56 7.18 3.88 49.29 111.47 150.88 41.27 45.75 225 31.60 10.30 6.29 66.69
y
No 720 266 0.00 18.42 10.10 13.35 9.23 5.64 18.15 9.95 9.09 5.55 37.51 82.82 44.65 89.90 8.73 29 7.80 4.40 0.00 50.84
medicamentos
Si 7,890 2,127 1.43 14.31 6.19 12.75 6.75 3.50 13.00 5.62 6.13 3.18 29.68 105.78 85.83 54.17 39.94 84 72.00 34.00 6.82 28.82
Otros productos
-
qumicos No 274 221 0.00 73.05 -3.47 -5.96 -5.96 71.99 -3.42 -5.88 -5.88 81.94 157.08 92.75 27.84 33.77 10 27.30 0.00 0.00 7.56
11.50
Construccin de Si 9,347 3,000 2.74 16.85 8.35 4.43 1.75 1.20 19.49 9.66 2.03 1.39 27.75 82.34 150.52 62.35 45.65 99 85.30 28.50 12.69 31.84
maq. no
No 213 41 0.00 -17.94 3.63 15.77 3.21 2.25 -11.20 2.26 2.00 1.40 30.77 139.10 391.32 35.80 5.94 11 6.80 12.70 0.00 98.00
elctrica
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 8,712 2,306 0.89 15.94 8.09 14.24 6.79 3.77 16.03 8.14 6.82 3.79 26.32 92.25 106.65 61.49 38.80 85 80.30 48.70 16.65 26.63
plstico No 5,020 1,319 0.00 26.06 15.37 20.63 13.02 8.60 16.02 9.45 8.01 5.28 42.74 216.80 58.44 34.71 43.53 76 70.20 43.50 27.07 77.56
Fab. de Si 21,490 9,924 0.29 18.22 11.92 22.83 12.68 8.19 35.00 22.89 24.36 15.74 24.04 61.67 79.00 65.04 66.11 212 207.60 137.10 5.06 24.01
productos no
No 311 167 0.00 -11.70 21.40 41.12 12.55 12.10 -10.75 19.67 11.53 11.12 58.51 127.38 227.70 47.72 47.89 34 5.80 4.30 0.00 45.21
metlicos
Si 74,938 23,857 0.46 24.53 14.80 24.49 15.03 9.92 23.29 14.05 14.27 9.42 33.53 100.28 62.79 56.45 40.54 338 143.90 77.60 8.69 37.01
Siderurgia
No 2,801 1,179 0.00 29.33 19.23 33.69 15.79 9.94 27.61 18.10 14.86 9.36 44.73 55.22 113.42 55.67 40.86 57 34.10 16.40 5.71 18.64
Si 15,493 5,092 0.31 18.23 10.11 18.23 9.10 5.67 20.97 11.63 10.46 6.51 28.58 87.22 98.46 53.68 53.23 222 77.30 46.20 22.92 24.19
Total - - - -
No 10,409 2,830 0.00 12.82 -0.49 -9.62 15.86 -0.60 21.98 81.87 149.30 27.40 77.49 117 126.90 48.90 1.82 10.33
23.99 12.46 11.91 15.42
TIC: EMPRESAS QUE CUENTAN O NO CON COMPUTADORAS
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y Si 2,371 649 0.00 14.89 8.20 8.64 6.58 4.22 13.67 7.52 6.04 3.87 29.85 105.25 29.57 28.63 67.03 42 44.90 23.70 1.55 58.40
panadera No 490 130 0.00 34.98 22.86 51.07 24.49 21.48 4.34 2.83 3.04 2.66 214.58 714.06 108.55 6.36 43.07 30 3.30 1.20 0.00 26.72
Tecnolgicos
Const. maq. no Si 9,347 3,000 2.74 16.85 8.35 4.43 1.75 1.20 19.49 9.66 2.03 1.39 27.75 82.34 150.52 62.35 45.65 99 85.30 28.50 12.69 31.84
elctr. No 213 41 0.00 -17.94 3.63 15.77 3.21 2.25 -11.20 2.26 2.00 1.40 30.77 139.10 391.32 35.80 5.94 11 6.80 12.70 0.00 98.00
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Fabricacin de Si 20,380 9,412 0.28 18.19 11.93 22.84 12.69 8.20 34.93 22.90 24.36 15.74 24.06 61.70 79.07 65.04 66.10 204 204.90 135.30 5.05 24.10
productos no
No 213 123 0.00 49.79 4.12 1.21 0.81 -1.16 30.36 2.51 0.50 -0.71 94.30 185.33 48.78 19.19 67.77 15 8.90 2.30 0.00 0.00
metlicos
Si 11,797 5,106 0.49 17.97 11.54 21.17 11.72 7.58 31.69 20.35 20.67 13.36 24.54 64.86 79.53 61.84 64.81 126 171.80 110.20 5.53 26.37
Total
No 323 93 0.00 11.53 8.27 19.69 7.61 5.91 3.68 2.64 2.43 1.89 89.93 285.80 158.91 15.79 30.21 19 5.00 2.40 0.00 35.27
INNOVACIN: EMPRESAS QUE REALIZAN O NO ACTIVIDADES DE INNOVACIN
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y Si 6,865 1,936 0.00 15.15 8.31 8.59 6.60 4.20 14.70 8.06 6.41 4.08 29.06 102.64 28.31 30.90 67.98 102 56.40 29.20 1.72 61.96
panadera No 353 75 0.00 11.21 7.12 12.65 7.55 5.78 3.96 2.52 2.67 2.04 59.83 204.40 67.58 6.90 45.62 17 7.10 3.70 0.00 25.51
Bebidas y Si 43,944 14,507 0.00 18.85 5.17 -5.64 -2.59 -7.04 22.69 6.22 -3.12 -8.47 27.42 82.35 117.46 31.43 73.89 386 159.90 64.10 0.54 10.43
tabaco No 16,313 3,695 0.00 18.07 3.51 10.16 3.39 1.29 16.12 3.13 3.03 1.16 25.38 115.27 194.76 42.76 50.94 136 81.60 34.60 0.53 0.00
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 22,199 7,096 0.01 12.66 6.22 6.71 2.73 1.56 17.67 8.67 3.81 2.18 22.91 76.91 143.35 63.29 54.64 518 67.90 40.40 36.45 18.78
textiles No 10,222 2,505 0.00 10.31 3.72 5.55 2.73 1.34 12.39 4.47 3.28 1.61 20.40 83.39 102.04 55.31 53.63 220 59.20 36.40 32.18 12.27
Fabricacin de Si 19,596 9,074 0.00 35.90 23.99 53.92 27.24 18.55 24.50 16.37 18.59 12.66 67.86 138.90 89.95 32.62 52.20 900 12.90 7.80 57.67 49.81
prendas de
No 20,423 5,573 0.00 26.07 11.50 22.78 11.63 9.08 16.59 7.32 7.40 5.77 42.89 156.06 88.74 36.17 42.84 498 20.20 12.30 74.18 14.26
vestir
Preparacin del Si 4,769 574 0.00 9.18 3.97 1.22 0.47 0.47 9.39 4.07 0.48 0.48 11.77 95.93 160.95 67.20 34.32 6 698.10 524.70 53.76 3.52
60
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
cuero - - - - - -
No 546 150 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 51.00 27.10 7.08 10.18
50.35 25.58 25.58 20.82 28.77 28.77
Fabricacin de Si 696 327 0.00 31.48 11.39 30.73 4.10 2.38 18.90 6.84 2.46 1.43 78.21 166.59 649.50 57.16 4.77 55 0.40 0.30 0.00 18.32
calzado No 1,228 400 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.22 26.00 16.24 20.87 14.90 13.87 8.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 43 10.00 4.90 0.00 28.24
Ind. madera y Si 11,177 3,004 0.00 13.36 8.51 14.73 7.00 6.88 15.38 9.80 8.06 7.92 23.34 87.44 108.91 61.77 46.33 120 86.60 33.20 29.40 15.51
muebles No 1,519 506 0.00 8.71 4.64 2.97 1.58 1.47 11.39 6.07 2.07 1.92 25.42 73.41 88.13 75.01 41.66 66 24.30 13.70 10.46 20.30
Impresin y Si 15,459 4,545 0.01 15.87 7.53 12.61 6.17 3.33 14.85 7.05 5.77 3.11 31.41 98.30 103.39 57.75 38.29 209 52.20 33.00 10.18 18.90
edicin No 1,844 636 0.00 31.79 16.31 23.65 9.75 6.47 19.72 10.12 6.05 4.01 55.59 162.91 136.64 30.31 49.86 41 28.30 23.70 0.09 19.93
Productos Si 4,958 1,546 0.21 31.21 16.88 26.37 14.79 8.67 19.07 10.32 9.04 5.30 51.03 138.86 78.23 39.83 34.83 78 52.90 35.90 7.69 31.84
manuf. diversos No 1,685 358 0.00 14.75 5.88 23.31 7.79 6.96 10.95 4.36 5.78 5.17 28.65 72.08 195.09 56.48 23.91 22 29.30 5.40 1.84 61.85
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos Si 19,851 5,546 0.31 16.20 9.50 16.19 6.86 3.98 20.52 12.03 8.68 5.05 22.05 82.05 136.09 50.59 60.07 109 283.70 201.40 30.11 17.07
bsicos No 20,131 4,617 0.00 8.59 2.96 -2.61 -0.99 -1.78 14.81 5.11 -1.71 -3.07 13.31 58.92 162.99 44.18 74.30 149 295.50 177.30 53.34 30.18
Farmacuticos Si 15,041 5,645 0.16 24.98 12.55 23.77 9.44 5.11 19.04 9.56 7.19 3.89 49.24 111.34 150.17 41.46 45.60 226 31.50 10.30 6.27 66.59
y
No 105 49 0.00 -15.78 2.67 1.71 1.30 0.23 -16.25 2.75 1.34 0.23 45.20 105.75 31.36 19.51 1.29 17 1.80 0.40 0.00 0.00
medicamentos
Otros prod. Si 10,698 2,962 1.77 13.88 6.09 12.34 6.57 3.34 13.21 5.79 6.25 3.18 29.08 100.26 84.77 55.80 41.20 115 76.50 35.90 7.18 32.90
qumicos No 1,430 259 0.00 22.92 4.33 7.49 3.23 1.64 10.76 2.03 1.52 0.77 38.52 203.65 132.12 33.98 19.45 18 17.10 4.70 1.35 8.61
Constr. de Si 5,377 2,151 3.24 23.18 4.71 4.72 3.10 1.50 20.12 4.08 2.69 1.31 46.09 103.29 48.76 53.12 37.50 100 45.40 24.90 18.85 25.49
maq. no
No 8,551 2,160 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.11 1.06 1.05 18.46 14.21 1.47 1.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 207.30 41.80 7.31 67.67
elctrica
Maquinaria Si 25,410 5,356 2.02 22.84 15.29 22.72 14.87 9.96 14.56 9.74 9.47 6.35 33.08 160.37 52.82 41.86 34.31 191 67.10 38.00 25.76 45.21
elctrica No 7,607 1,836 0.00 25.08 19.37 32.58 19.37 12.84 16.35 12.63 12.63 8.37 37.01 151.57 68.24 55.88 14.30 43 67.60 39.90 0.05 7.17
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 9,842 2,485 1.34 16.88 8.52 15.52 7.96 4.49 15.63 7.88 7.37 4.16 27.27 101.62 91.19 58.57 36.72 90 78.10 46.90 17.62 28.67
plstico No 6,036 1,829 0.00 14.24 7.49 10.84 4.32 2.29 17.29 9.09 5.24 2.77 24.97 76.73 150.22 67.73 44.07 75 84.00 51.90 14.76 23.62
Fabricacin de Si 22,254 4,793 0.79 14.36 6.77 9.35 4.80 3.19 13.89 6.55 4.64 3.09 22.26 99.63 92.66 43.31 55.10 184 93.00 56.50 6.58 27.44
papel No 5,247 1,446 0.00 16.02 5.98 6.20 3.39 1.72 14.41 5.37 3.05 1.55 30.65 121.27 82.70 49.68 44.57 75 62.70 42.20 4.39 75.32
Fabr. de prod. Si 35,323 15,979 5.39 24.75 14.88 23.71 15.99 10.22 36.91 22.19 23.85 15.23 30.33 78.44 44.99 57.14 61.67 198 363.20 205.40 7.65 17.84
no metlicos No 15,335 7,569 0.00 12.16 7.40 17.01 8.99 5.80 34.32 20.88 25.36 16.36 17.49 37.01 87.88 70.50 74.99 199 242.50 183.80 3.10 38.87
Si 89,802 28,654 0.82 26.29 15.93 26.89 16.45 10.88 23.80 14.42 14.89 9.85 35.25 104.89 63.31 54.84 39.42 327 150.60 73.30 7.66 34.59
Siderurgia
No 9,142 2,923 0.00 7.68 4.02 1.84 1.14 0.58 13.94 7.29 2.07 1.06 17.62 51.57 60.78 87.84 51.60 219 109.50 82.50 28.33 35.41
Trans. metales Si 159,402 28,242 0.05 13.31 7.76 25.10 6.21 6.03 8.87 5.17 4.14 4.02 26.58 132.18 303.62 31.13 53.29 1,364 69.70 36.70 71.09 15.36
no ferrosos No 36,018 3,469 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.11 -0.13 8.17 4.66 0.07 -0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 158 154.50 102.30 58.05 61.59
Si 6,416 1,935 0.34 14.69 7.03 13.70 5.23 3.76 17.41 8.34 6.21 4.45 25.43 83.83 157.08 65.04 45.07 108 56.60 37.80 2.82 11.98
Prod. metlicos
No 2,872 820 0.00 13.38 7.28 7.43 3.24 1.84 16.07 8.74 3.90 2.21 23.79 73.38 125.54 73.65 37.92 54 42.10 24.80 1.68 17.90
Si 21,640 6,380 0.70 18.69 10.01 17.29 8.44 5.13 18.62 9.97 8.40 5.11 29.60 98.09 102.88 47.42 52.37 244 86.90 47.70 26.46 21.13
Total
No 7,722 2,168 0.00 13.64 6.61 11.53 5.36 3.33 17.22 8.35 6.77 4.20 22.24 78.62 113.16 52.33 58.21 124 79.00 51.60 31.57 20.40
INNOVACIN: EMPRESAS QUE REALIZAN O NO ACTIVIDADES DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGA
Alimentos y tabaco
Bebidas y Si 822 262 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.37 -2.25 13.77 8.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 61.30 50.60 0.00 0.00
tabaco No 37,204 11,607 0.00 18.75 4.96 -4.10 -1.81 -5.93 21.55 5.70 -2.08 -6.82 27.15 86.82 125.78 33.32 70.85 322 147.30 59.20 0.54 10.43
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 25,018 8,739 0.08 16.88 10.68 5.96 2.35 1.28 19.78 12.52 2.76 1.50 29.80 77.66 152.16 60.30 48.55 548 48.90 35.20 17.88 18.57
textiles No 14,911 4,267 0.00 11.42 4.90 6.30 2.76 1.51 15.30 6.56 3.70 2.02 21.36 79.20 125.73 60.35 54.83 339 66.50 39.40 36.66 16.52
Si 4,769 574 0.00 9.18 3.97 1.22 0.47 0.47 9.39 4.07 0.48 0.48 11.77 95.93 160.95 67.20 34.32 6 698.10 524.70 53.76 3.52
Preparacin del
- - - - - -
cuero No 546 150 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 51.00 27.10 7.08 10.18
50.35 25.58 25.58 20.82 28.77 28.77
Impresin y Si 24,812 8,667 0.06 17.58 7.97 14.71 8.63 4.46 17.45 7.91 8.57 4.42 35.18 88.05 69.17 57.65 41.94 369 61.40 36.30 0.98 51.67
edicin No 8,605 2,337 0.00 15.88 7.80 11.68 5.04 2.90 14.01 6.89 4.45 2.56 30.79 107.63 130.40 55.51 36.99 117 44.00 30.00 13.76 14.65
61
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
Productos Si 1,425 352 6.69 17.59 -7.55 22.48 10.80 10.45 9.11 -3.91 5.59 5.41 47.76 188.99 107.79 42.34 18.20 15 11.40 0.90 98.66 96.00
manuf. diversos No 3,354 953 0.00 25.94 14.00 25.78 12.48 7.99 17.05 9.20 8.20 5.25 43.23 113.08 105.63 44.93 31.65 51 47.80 27.10 1.02 33.93
Tecnolgicos
-
Qumicos Si 6,855 967 1.66 7.30 -2.39 -3.92 -4.56 6.16 -2.02 -3.30 -3.84 16.73 127.99 438.20 65.84 21.95 63 27.10 11.60 61.80 22.25
21.08
bsicos
No 22,562 6,090 0.00 13.30 7.16 9.48 3.92 1.85 19.35 10.42 5.70 2.69 18.55 70.66 141.76 47.38 67.42 135 313.00 208.50 36.47 24.45
Farmacuticos Si 21,955 8,572 0.27 26.25 12.68 22.39 8.52 4.10 20.46 9.88 6.64 3.20 50.09 126.30 162.75 34.77 55.39 337 27.20 8.70 0.93 63.72
y
No 10,782 3,915 0.00 23.85 12.42 24.79 10.20 5.95 17.85 9.30 7.63 4.45 48.52 98.63 140.00 46.89 37.24 161 34.80 11.60 10.61 70.77
medicamentos
Otros productos Si 17,715 5,362 2.85 13.05 6.15 12.17 6.19 3.07 13.31 6.27 6.32 3.13 29.66 97.37 95.19 58.82 42.36 212 70.70 32.40 9.13 39.91
qumicos No 4,092 923 0.00 16.28 5.80 12.23 6.91 3.65 12.67 4.52 5.38 2.84 28.98 115.76 71.57 48.06 36.93 38 73.50 35.60 3.56 17.05
Construccin de Si 8,635 3,405 3.35 26.22 5.60 6.63 4.41 2.45 22.21 4.74 3.73 2.07 46.55 103.66 48.38 54.47 35.37 127 59.30 31.20 23.20 25.33
maq. no
No 5,979 1,654 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.66 0.78 0.75 17.48 12.39 1.04 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 52 103.70 25.30 6.43 64.80
elctrica
Maquinaria Si 9,862 2,092 5.58 10.11 0.86 10.63 7.20 6.45 8.01 0.68 5.71 5.11 26.75 134.31 47.67 53.83 32.10 217 26.80 10.00 9.43 51.91
elctrica No 26,875 5,772 0.00 27.30 20.57 28.27 18.03 11.53 16.41 12.37 10.84 6.93 35.72 167.43 56.79 40.92 31.95 100 125.50 78.90 26.11 28.19
Constr de Si 9,096 3,461 0.39 8.23 2.60 2.12 1.39 1.09 13.94 4.40 2.36 1.85 22.45 82.44 52.22 71.31 57.92 226 70.10 36.60 16.69 21.53
material de
No 9,698 2,525 0.00 16.51 10.28 13.79 8.05 5.20 14.15 8.82 6.90 4.46 30.37 81.97 71.33 58.15 32.18 129 38.20 12.00 6.22 43.34
transporte
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 11,272 2,848 2.90 12.12 3.86 4.54 2.28 1.18 12.01 3.83 2.26 1.17 25.51 96.45 85.12 52.80 46.69 159 81.60 37.40 5.67 21.05
plstico No 8,114 2,169 0.00 16.98 9.16 16.66 7.89 4.43 16.91 9.13 7.86 4.41 26.83 93.84 110.34 62.53 37.18 73 79.30 52.20 19.40 29.56
Fabricacin de Si 7,415 2,031 1.50 21.03 12.30 20.56 8.34 6.46 17.27 10.10 6.85 5.30 33.35 124.98 133.02 24.73 69.06 112 78.60 57.40 1.03 10.31
papel No 19,044 4,082 0.00 13.53 5.75 7.47 4.00 2.43 13.32 5.66 3.94 2.39 21.78 98.92 86.10 48.02 51.17 152 88.90 51.70 7.28 49.82
Fabr. productos Si 38,501 19,172 0.45 27.43 19.75 32.98 19.41 12.60 42.11 30.33 29.81 19.34 32.43 91.56 69.86 62.71 59.15 238 241.10 135.30 4.31 14.26
no metlicos No 12,995 5,540 0.00 12.11 6.76 15.45 8.24 5.29 27.83 15.54 18.95 12.16 18.55 42.03 85.76 67.28 70.69 180 187.90 134.50 5.79 41.31
Si 306,760 102,322 39.47 26.58 17.05 28.10 18.03 11.92 25.02 16.05 16.97 11.22 35.44 102.43 55.81 57.74 38.65 920 176.70 82.00 6.84 0.00
Siderurgia
No 14,147 3,628 0.00 16.22 5.63 5.26 2.59 1.66 15.97 5.54 2.55 1.63 26.05 89.68 102.38 50.81 48.39 165 99.80 68.50 16.59 35.00
Transf de Si 4,233 860 1.78 20.30 11.98 23.71 10.33 6.72 12.56 7.42 6.39 4.16 32.81 162.83 125.10 36.65 40.78 42 36.10 15.10 2.11 13.20
metales no
No 144,135 24,548 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.88 5.69 5.51 8.80 5.12 3.79 3.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,182 73.70 39.80 70.34 20.94
ferrosos
Productos Si 5,953 2,759 4.19 21.66 8.71 9.94 7.11 3.49 23.47 9.44 7.70 3.78 42.78 105.03 39.20 48.51 55.22 139 53.30 33.70 6.54 30.57
metlicos No 4,531 1,225 0.00 13.21 6.65 11.29 4.14 3.02 16.08 8.09 5.04 3.68 22.21 78.11 167.79 69.92 42.26 74 53.80 35.30 1.85 12.57
Si 21,518 7,660 1.32 21.95 13.11 22.20 12.53 7.93 23.42 13.98 13.37 8.46 33.37 99.19 75.93 55.60 47.86 219 86.70 45.90 7.56 26.00
Total
No 14,902 3,830 0.00 14.69 7.17 11.30 4.86 2.66 15.44 7.54 5.11 2.80 24.44 90.27 131.12 47.57 54.65 169 90.80 53.20 30.45 19.62
COLABORACIN: COORDINACIN O NO DE EMPRESAS CON OTROS ENTES
Alimentos y tabaco
Bebidas y Si 800 229 0.00 13.47 3.87 6.23 3.61 2.52 15.19 4.36 4.07 2.85 25.34 91.75 72.83 88.73 21.35 15 20.20 17.70 0.08 48.63
tabaco No 37,206 11,610 0.00 18.76 4.95 -4.05 -1.79 -5.92 21.56 5.69 -2.06 -6.81 27.15 86.81 125.53 33.29 70.88 323 147.40 59.30 0.54 10.40
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabricacin de Si 14,811 4,638 0.00 12.56 6.84 15.74 7.03 4.47 16.38 8.92 9.17 5.83 24.02 83.97 115.43 73.50 43.62 275 65.50 41.70 31.35 21.91
textiles No 15,573 4,520 0.01 11.81 5.25 5.39 2.34 1.22 15.66 6.96 3.10 1.62 21.89 78.63 128.89 59.14 55.27 359 64.80 38.80 35.20 16.34
Fabr. prendas Si 10,246 4,581 0.00 23.02 8.25 16.09 4.26 2.89 13.13 4.71 2.43 1.65 78.38 121.28 277.44 34.24 39.97 825 4.50 2.70 18.69 35.43
de vestir No 21,394 7,339 0.00 30.58 17.20 36.29 18.94 13.60 20.19 11.35 12.50 8.98 51.97 150.40 83.97 34.77 47.13 642 18.10 11.00 70.67 22.65
Ind. de madera Si 2,291 432 0.00 14.89 11.62 10.98 7.68 5.10 13.15 10.26 6.78 4.51 21.36 112.55 43.02 85.99 2.64 50 6.50 0.20 24.98 16.54
y muebles No 9,168 2,512 0.00 13.07 8.24 14.10 6.68 6.61 15.24 9.61 7.79 7.71 23.50 86.19 109.45 61.82 46.90 111 79.20 31.20 28.57 15.52
Impresin y Si 14,695 4,132 0.24 15.83 7.67 9.72 7.35 4.39 16.14 7.82 7.49 4.48 27.59 97.05 32.36 65.96 35.29 151 130.70 87.70 2.31 75.82
edicin No 10,523 3,148 0.00 16.58 7.89 13.89 6.13 3.29 14.98 7.13 5.54 2.97 33.12 101.37 124.94 54.77 39.30 153 41.60 26.40 10.69 17.25
Otros productos Si 1,500 343 0.00 15.02 3.81 -3.02 -1.25 -1.97 10.82 2.75 -0.90 -1.42 31.71 138.86 141.88 49.14 30.05 36 9.90 6.10 2.13 21.02
qumicos No 8,478 2,302 1.57 14.18 6.08 12.51 6.65 3.41 13.12 5.62 6.15 3.16 29.36 103.04 85.01 54.44 40.69 88 76.50 35.70 6.93 29.44
Tecnolgicos
62
CUADRO No A4B
Indicadores de Desempeo Econmico de Empresas por Indicador TIC, CT y Grado de Colaboracin
Variable Recursos
Indicadores de Rentabilidad Recursos Tangibles
Sector Ventas1 VA1 Bsica Intangibles
I&D/A IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9 VA/K VBP/K PAS/PAT A/V AF/AT L3 K1/L1 K2/L1 X/V W/A
Maquinaria Si 1,337 463 3.34 22.98 13.90 18.09 11.68 7.79 16.83 10.18 8.56 5.71 47.23 90.79 54.88 41.65 43.13 20 29.00 7.40 0.40 65.32
elctrica No 22,151 4,727 1.37 23.10 15.78 23.81 15.42 10.31 14.75 10.07 9.84 6.58 33.43 159.88 54.46 43.47 31.91 161 67.70 38.60 22.99 33.31
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Si 29,049 8,537 0.00 26.25 14.06 17.75 13.33 7.58 20.30 10.87 10.30 5.86 38.00 109.47 33.18 58.29 24.62 100 75.20 56.70 28.08 38.48
plstico No 7,044 1,802 1.07 13.88 6.93 13.05 5.48 3.03 14.74 7.36 5.81 3.21 24.09 90.98 134.09 61.53 42.01 84 80.30 47.70 13.57 24.49
Fabricacin de Si 10,472 3,203 0.00 13.88 1.98 1.25 0.79 -0.12 13.89 1.98 0.79 -0.12 30.56 91.67 56.41 51.33 48.72 220 53.20 33.20 2.12 76.66
papel No 16,107 3,438 0.82 14.68 7.31 10.21 5.13 3.42 13.97 6.95 4.88 3.25 22.42 104.05 97.18 43.30 54.35 123 98.00 60.50 6.80 25.04
Fab. productos Si 96,124 49,563 0.84 26.01 16.55 24.10 17.99 11.76 45.76 29.13 31.66 20.70 29.30 75.93 30.33 58.17 66.94 216 1143.00 669.70 6.77 6.95
no metlicos No 16,255 6,693 4.89 14.98 8.24 18.42 9.39 5.80 27.49 15.12 17.23 10.64 22.44 52.21 94.75 62.15 66.10 196 169.00 114.00 6.44 30.82
Si 306,760 102,322 39.47 26.58 17.05 28.10 18.03 11.92 25.02 16.05 16.97 11.22 35.44 102.43 55.81 57.74 38.65 920 176.70 82.00 6.84 0.00
Siderurgia
No 14,147 3,628 0.00 16.22 5.63 5.26 2.59 1.66 15.97 5.54 2.55 1.63 26.05 89.68 102.38 50.81 48.39 165 99.80 68.50 16.59 35.00
Trans. metales Si 233,381 42,165 0.08 13.39 7.90 29.56 6.56 6.53 8.75 5.16 4.29 4.27 27.65 131.62 350.35 30.33 53.58 2,109 64.70 35.20 69.90 13.59
no ferrosos No 42,226 5,413 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.11 2.51 1.69 9.09 4.98 1.81 1.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 202 142.10 74.30 70.47 21.06
Productos Si 6,639 2,177 0.00 9.21 4.52 19.84 5.84 4.97 23.14 11.37 14.67 12.50 13.05 43.90 239.84 114.11 54.56 91 185.40 150.40 8.98 12.50
metlicos No 4,520 1,323 0.30 15.92 7.94 9.85 4.25 2.60 16.22 8.08 4.33 2.65 28.74 92.46 126.39 61.58 39.20 81 38.80 22.00 1.64 13.91
Si 52,691 15,514 0.27 20.74 12.62 24.06 12.83 9.06 20.36 12.39 12.59 8.90 29.99 100.01 85.39 46.26 52.87 411 127.00 73.10 37.68 24.22
Total
No 13,144 3,782 0.58 16.05 7.68 12.23 5.74 3.02 17.31 8.28 6.19 3.26 26.67 91.44 110.93 50.03 53.51 193 71.40 40.90 23.62 18.77
Fuente: Concytec-INEI 2004. Elaboracin Propia. 1En miles de dlares.
63
CUADRO No A5A
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y -
23.4 15.1 42.1 -57.9 87.0 13.3 8.4 17.2 53.5 25.0 8.9 40.7 -21.9 151.5 12.5 6.8 15.5 -8.2 46.9 9.2 4.4 11.9 -8.2 37.4
Panadera 10.8
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 9.8 9.8 n.d. 9.8 9.8 3.5 3.5 n.d. 3.5 3.5 0.7 0.7 n.d. 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 n.d. 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 n.d. 0.6 0.6
Mediana 26.8 26.2 44.3 -17.8 70.8 13.9 20.5 9.3 3.4 21.3 20.2 34.4 16.1 3.4 35.4 13.1 22.3 10.7 1.9 23.1 8.2 13.5 6.5 1.1 14.0
Pequea 25.9 31.1 43.7 -57.9 87.0 14.2 14.8 18.4 -8.6 53.5 22.7 20.8 30.3 -9.6 98.6 12.9 13.7 15.7 -8.2 46.9 9.3 10.3 11.1 -8.2 31.6
Bebidas y - - -
17.3 18.7 17.7 -12.1 58.2 3.9 4.9 13.5 40.1 -0.6 -4.1 28.6 -54.6 46.0 0.7 -1.8 16.6 38.0 -1.8 -5.9 13.5 23.1
Tabaco 14.5 28.8 28.8
- - - - - -
Mega 12.0 29.5 n.d. 12.0 12.0 -1.1 7.7 n.d. -1.1 -1.1 -27.4 11.0 n.d. -27.4 -27.4 6.8 n.d. 6.6 n.d.
10.5 10.5 10.5 13.4 13.4 13.4
Grande 29.2 33.9 19.7 16.4 58.2 15.1 19.0 16.8 4.0 40.1 25.8 33.1 16.1 9.2 46.0 14.3 18.6 15.8 5.2 38.0 9.3 11.3 9.4 3.0 23.1
- -
Mediana 12.0 17.8 11.3 -0.8 20.4 -0.4 6.4 9.5 -9.1 9.8 -1.9 3.9 20.9 -25.3 14.8 0.4 1.9 12.1 11.6 -1.8 -0.1 9.9 7.0
12.5 12.5
- - - - - - -
Pequea 10.7 24.6 19.8 -12.1 35.7 -2.7 -2.3 8.3 3.9 -19.2 28.4 -54.6 6.2 -9.8 15.1 3.6 14.8 2.5
14.5 23.5 18.7 28.8 10.0 18.9 28.8
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabr. de - - -
27.3 12.0 46.2 -0.2 250.2 5.4 5.5 6.6 -7.8 28.0 -20.8 7.4 119.2 44.7 3.9 3.3 8.9 35.5 2.3 2.3 7.4 25.5
Textiles 503.9 15.9 15.9
Mega 12.9 7.2 4.1 7.4 18.1 6.5 7.3 3.8 1.3 11.7 0.5 20.8 18.1 -31.3 13.9 2.6 10.7 3.5 -3.0 6.7 2.0 8.0 3.5 -3.1 6.7
- - -
Grande 12.5 10.0 6.6 4.9 25.4 5.4 4.5 6.7 -7.8 19.0 -27.3 7.8 142.7 44.7 4.4 3.7 7.7 16.2 2.5 2.1 5.9 12.3
499.6 10.9 10.9
- -
Mediana 12.7 11.2 7.3 -0.2 28.3 3.0 4.0 4.1 -4.5 7.8 1.4 3.0 12.9 -25.1 22.5 1.9 1.5 7.6 18.2 0.7 -0.1 7.7 18.2
10.0 10.0
- - -
Pequea 71.3 24.9 79.5 6.0 250.2 7.1 10.6 9.4 -4.8 28.0 -45.2 14.9 172.4 40.3 5.8 8.9 13.5 35.5 3.6 8.6 10.8 25.5
503.9 15.9 15.9
Fabr. de
26.2 30.2 23.9 -32.1 65.4 12.9 16.7 11.2 0.8 45.9 22.8 35.7 19.4 0.3 72.7 12.0 18.2 14.5 0.3 53.9 8.7 13.0 10.5 0.3 36.5
Prend. de
64
CUADRO No A5A
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Vestir
Mega 12.5 55.2 0.7 12.0 13.0 2.4 23.4 1.6 1.3 3.5 10.2 27.8 8.5 4.2 16.2 4.5 18.5 4.9 1.1 8.0 4.2 14.3 4.4 1.1 7.3
Grande 27.7 34.3 11.9 19.2 36.1 12.6 16.6 7.0 7.7 17.6 20.7 27.0 10.1 13.6 27.9 9.1 13.4 7.5 3.8 14.5 6.2 9.6 6.1 1.9 10.5
Mediana 23.4 25.1 8.6 15.7 32.7 8.3 8.7 1.2 6.9 9.7 13.6 11.5 10.0 4.0 23.7 6.5 5.4 4.9 2.6 13.7 5.1 4.8 2.6 2.6 8.6
Pequea 26.6 29.4 32.3 -32.1 65.4 13.8 14.6 8.8 0.8 26.2 24.9 26.8 18.4 0.3 51.9 12.2 15.0 13.1 0.3 42.6 8.8 10.8 10.7 0.3 34.1
Fabr. de - - - - -
7.7 8.9 2.1 6.2 9.2 -7.3 1.5 15.9 4.0 -24.6 -6.2 36.5 -50.4 1.2 -2.4 18.4 0.5 -2.4 18.4 0.5
Cueros 18.5 12.6 25.6 12.6 25.6
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
- - - - -
Pequea 7.7 8.9 2.1 6.2 9.2 -7.3 1.5 15.9 4.0 -24.6 -6.2 36.5 -50.4 1.2 -2.4 18.4 0.5 -2.4 18.4 0.5
18.5 12.6 25.6 12.6 25.6
Fabr. de
35.3 36.2 5.4 31.5 39.1 19.7 21.5 11.7 11.4 27.9 35.5 39.1 6.7 30.7 40.2 15.1 17.5 15.5 4.1 26.0 9.3 10.8 9.8 2.4 16.2
Calzado
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana 35.3 36.2 5.4 31.5 39.1 19.7 21.5 11.7 11.4 27.9 35.5 39.1 6.7 30.7 40.2 15.1 17.5 15.5 4.1 26.0 9.3 10.8 9.8 2.4 16.2
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Ind. de Madera - - -
30.4 13.1 47.8 0.3 171.1 8.2 100.0 8.5 -6.2 24.3 -12.6 14.0 84.2 33.4 5.3 6.7 8.9 21.8 4.2 6.6 8.0 17.6
y Muebles 264.4 11.3 11.9
-
Mega 18.9 n.d. 18.9 18.9 12.9 100.0 n.d. 12.9 12.9 18.9 -9.6 n.d. 18.9 18.9 9.5 -8.2 n.d. 9.5 9.5 9.5 -8.2 n.d. 9.5 9.5
15.8
Grande 11.9 5.1 10.9 4.2 19.6 5.7 2.9 4.4 2.6 8.9 5.9 7.5 2.5 4.1 7.6 2.3 3.3 1.5 1.3 3.4 2.2 3.2 1.6 1.0 3.3
Mediana 20.6 21.6 5.0 14.9 23.9 13.2 15.2 3.8 10.4 17.4 16.2 24.9 15.2 4.4 33.4 8.8 13.4 8.4 1.0 17.6 7.6 12.6 9.1 0.0 17.6
- - -
Pequea 46.0 17.2 71.4 0.3 171.1 5.3 2.1 11.4 -6.2 24.3 -43.6 1.6 123.9 30.0 3.5 0.9 11.9 21.8 1.9 0.2 9.6 15.0
264.4 11.3 11.9
- - -
Impr. y Edicin 23.9 16.5 14.6 0.4 57.7 9.8 7.8 10.1 -8.8 27.1 -0.8 12.9 57.2 39.3 5.0 6.3 9.2 27.6 2.5 3.4 6.9 16.4
237.4 10.0 10.0
Mega 16.7 10.0 3.7 14.1 19.3 6.6 3.6 4.0 3.7 9.4 -0.9 0.9 1.5 -1.9 0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.3
Grande 19.2 15.9 19.0 0.4 40.0 12.7 8.1 13.2 -6.8 27.1 20.9 17.0 25.8 -21.3 39.3 10.5 8.2 11.7 -4.9 27.6 5.9 4.5 7.7 -5.1 16.4
- - -
Mediana 22.1 16.7 11.7 7.3 38.6 10.8 8.0 11.2 -4.4 25.5 -28.9 9.3 96.1 28.6 3.0 5.9 9.8 17.1 0.3 3.2 7.7 10.7
237.4 10.0 10.0
Pequea 34.3 31.8 11.1 25.3 57.7 10.2 11.8 6.6 -2.0 16.4 13.4 15.8 14.4 -3.8 37.0 6.5 7.8 6.1 -1.5 13.9 4.7 5.7 4.7 -1.5 10.9
Prod. Manuf.
34.4 31.0 27.1 11.7 96.2 12.6 16.7 10.2 -7.5 23.6 22.5 26.2 14.8 7.1 45.2 11.4 14.6 7.9 1.0 21.8 9.1 9.5 8.3 -0.8 21.8
Diversos
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 38.5 38.4 n.d. 38.5 38.5 22.4 22.4 n.d. 22.4 22.4 33.9 33.9 n.d. 33.9 33.9 19.1 19.1 n.d. 19.1 19.1 10.9 10.9 n.d. 10.9 10.9
Mediana 19.9 21.0 3.3 17.6 22.3 1.9 6.0 13.3 -7.5 11.3 18.4 16.7 5.8 14.2 22.5 8.6 7.6 3.1 6.4 10.8 6.9 5.4 5.0 3.4 10.5
Pequea 39.3 24.3 33.8 11.7 96.2 14.9 13.3 7.2 7.5 23.6 21.9 18.5 18.3 7.1 45.2 11.0 11.1 9.3 1.0 21.8 9.7 9.5 10.5 -0.8 21.8
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos 10.9 12.8 9.5 0.2 33.0 2.1 6.6 8.1 - 16.5 -2.9 8.6 23.4 -51.4 24.6 0.3 3.5 9.6 - 15.6 -0.3 1.6 9.1 - 15.6
65
CUADRO No A5A
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Bsicos 10.3 15.9 15.9
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
- -
Grande 9.7 13.2 6.1 3.5 18.0 4.7 7.7 4.9 -0.6 11.2 0.2 10.1 16.5 -21.6 18.5 -1.7 4.0 10.1 7.9 -2.8 1.9 9.0 4.5
15.9 15.9
-
Mediana 9.6 10.1 8.2 0.2 19.7 0.1 -0.7 7.5 10.4 -6.5 -0.7 29.2 -51.4 24.6 0.6 -0.3 8.8 -9.5 12.5 0.0 -0.6 8.3 -9.5 11.3
10.3
Pequea 17.6 20.2 21.7 2.2 33.0 3.9 6.0 17.9 -8.8 16.5 3.7 6.6 20.7 -11.0 18.3 3.4 5.4 17.2 -8.8 15.6 3.4 5.4 17.2 -8.8 15.6
Farmacuticos
- -
y 24.4 24.9 14.4 -15.8 47.9 11.9 12.5 7.1 -4.0 21.7 69.5 23.7 192.5 -26.9 735.9 8.8 9.4 8.3 21.3 5.1 5.1 6.0 13.6
10.9 10.9
Medicamentos
Mega 33.8 10.8 n.d. 33.8 33.8 18.5 2.1 n.d. 18.5 18.5 34.4 0.5 n.d. 34.4 34.4 17.1 0.2 n.d. 17.1 17.1 9.6 0.2 n.d. 9.6 9.6
- -
Grande 22.7 22.2 7.1 12.7 28.4 9.2 11.0 8.2 -4.0 17.7 12.8 20.4 24.7 -26.9 37.8 4.3 7.4 9.7 14.5 1.5 3.8 7.5 8.8
10.9 10.9
Mediana 30.0 32.4 9.6 18.4 47.9 14.1 14.0 5.7 6.9 21.7 124.6 23.8 269.6 11.8 735.9 11.8 11.7 6.1 5.6 21.3 7.7 7.8 3.8 2.8 13.6
- -
Pequea n.d. -15.8 -15.8 2.7 2.7 n.d. 2.7 2.7 1.7 1.7 n.d. 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.3 n.d. 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.2 n.d. 0.2 0.2
15.8 15.8
Otros Prod. - - - -
29.3 14.2 27.6 5.4 94.2 5.6 6.0 12.5 28.5 7.9 12.2 37.4 134.9 3.2 6.4 12.8 26.9 1.2 3.3 11.4 18.6
Qumicos 40.4 102.5 44.3 44.3
-
Mega 6.9 n.d. 6.9 6.9 0.7 15.1 n.d. 0.7 0.7 12.9 16.3 n.d. 12.9 12.9 4.8 14.7 n.d. 4.8 4.8 2.6 14.7 n.d. 2.6 2.6
57.9
Grande 14.0 14.1 5.7 10.6 20.5 6.4 6.5 4.9 2.3 11.9 9.5 9.6 4.8 4.9 14.5 5.6 5.7 3.2 2.9 9.1 2.5 2.5 1.8 0.9 4.4
- -
Mediana 17.4 19.8 9.4 5.4 35.2 9.1 10.7 9.3 -6.8 24.6 20.5 17.9 45.7 -22.1 134.9 5.0 10.2 9.3 16.1 2.8 5.8 7.5 11.9
10.9 10.9
- - - -
Pequea 43.8 26.7 33.8 9.3 94.2 3.1 4.0 16.0 28.5 -2.2 7.0 36.0 28.9 1.2 3.4 16.8 26.9 -0.4 1.3 15.3 18.6
40.4 102.5 44.3 44.3
Constr. de
-
Maq. no 2.3 13.6 56.9 42.4 4.3 5.0 3.7 -2.0 10.3 7.9 6.5 7.2 -3.2 20.4 2.8 3.2 2.6 -2.0 6.2 2.0 2.8 2.4 -2.3 6.2
135.8
Elctrica
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 14.4 13.6 8.3 7.3 26.2 3.7 5.0 5.4 -2.0 10.3 4.1 6.5 5.2 -3.2 8.8 2.4 3.2 3.7 -2.0 6.2 1.9 2.9 3.5 -2.3 6.2
Mediana 29.2 29.2 n.d. 29.2 29.2 7.3 7.3 n.d. 7.3 7.3 10.0 10.0 n.d. 10.0 10.0 4.6 4.6 n.d. 4.6 4.6 3.2 3.2 n.d. 3.2 3.2
- -
Pequea 9.6 98.3 42.4 3.9 4.3 0.6 3.5 4.6 12.4 4.9 8.9 2.8 20.4 2.7 2.2 1.0 1.6 3.5 1.9 1.4 0.8 0.9 2.5
22.7 135.8
Maq. Elctrica 25.9 27.2 5.3 14.5 34.1 16.2 20.3 8.2 2.4 25.8 21.4 28.0 12.1 3.1 41.7 13.8 17.7 8.4 1.6 24.7 8.7 11.3 6.0 0.3 17.1
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 28.4 27.7 1.2 27.5 29.2 23.3 21.3 3.6 20.8 25.8 35.5 30.6 8.8 29.3 41.7 21.3 18.6 4.8 17.9 24.7 14.3 12.1 4.0 11.5 17.1
Mediana 24.0 25.4 5.0 14.5 29.3 13.0 17.2 7.8 2.4 23.4 16.5 21.3 10.4 3.1 30.3 10.3 14.8 7.1 1.6 19.5 6.0 8.8 4.7 0.3 11.9
Pequea 34.1 34.1 n.d. 34.1 34.1 23.8 23.8 n.d. 23.8 23.8 27.5 27.5 n.d. 27.5 27.5 23.9 23.9 n.d. 23.9 23.9 16.7 16.7 n.d. 16.7 16.7
Constr. de
Material de 15.0 13.7 6.9 7.7 28.3 8.0 7.6 5.3 0.4 15.0 8.8 9.4 8.2 -2.3 23.0 4.6 5.7 5.0 -1.1 13.2 3.0 3.8 3.3 -1.1 8.9
Trans
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
66
CUADRO No A5A
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Grande 13.8 11.3 8.1 7.7 28.3 6.6 5.4 6.0 0.4 15.0 6.2 5.8 9.1 -2.3 23.0 3.4 3.3 4.4 -1.1 11.0 2.2 2.1 2.8 -1.1 6.6
Mediana 17.5 18.4 3.9 13.0 20.3 10.9 12.1 1.9 9.4 13.0 14.0 15.5 2.3 11.4 15.7 7.1 10.7 6.0 1.2 13.2 4.5 7.1 4.2 0.6 8.9
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y - - -
17.4 16.1 12.1 -6.1 49.4 8.2 8.2 9.5 34.0 10.3 14.3 21.5 -65.9 60.7 5.7 6.8 9.6 34.8 3.3 3.8 6.7 21.1
Plstico 22.0 14.8 14.8
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 16.0 16.3 9.4 4.8 31.3 7.1 8.3 6.5 -2.0 17.7 8.3 12.6 12.8 -11.2 25.7 4.4 6.5 6.8 -5.4 13.5 2.0 3.4 4.6 -5.4 7.5
- - -
Mediana 20.1 17.1 14.1 -6.1 49.4 9.8 8.8 11.8 34.0 11.8 19.2 27.5 -65.9 60.7 7.6 8.8 12.0 34.8 4.5 5.1 8.4 21.1
22.0 14.8 14.8
Pequea 12.8 12.3 7.4 2.4 24.4 5.8 5.9 4.5 -0.5 14.0 8.6 8.5 9.3 -8.3 23.5 2.5 3.1 3.1 -4.4 7.6 1.7 2.0 2.8 -4.4 7.6
- -
Fabr. de Papel 18.9 14.6 12.8 3.7 51.5 6.0 6.7 11.6 37.4 2.5 8.9 25.2 -65.4 52.4 3.6 4.6 11.0 -9.6 35.2 1.7 3.0 7.8 21.9
12.1 10.4
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 21.7 14.7 16.9 10.7 51.5 13.1 7.3 13.7 5.8 37.4 17.9 10.1 19.5 6.3 52.4 10.6 5.0 13.9 2.1 35.2 6.8 3.3 8.6 1.0 21.9
-
Mediana 11.8 12.0 7.4 3.7 21.1 0.9 -0.8 6.9 -5.9 8.4 -13.8 0.0 35.0 -65.4 11.4 -0.5 0.0 8.0 -9.6 9.3 -1.4 -0.8 7.1 6.3
10.4
-
Pequea 24.5 19.9 12.6 13.9 38.4 1.1 1.4 12.4 12.5 -2.2 -5.0 7.5 -10.8 3.0 -2.4 -3.2 5.8 -9.1 1.4 -2.5 -3.3 5.7 -9.1 1.0
12.1
Fab. de Prod. - - -
27.4 20.2 27.4 -29.8 104.7 9.4 12.2 8.9 -8.8 26.5 8.0 21.6 64.5 81.1 8.4 13.4 9.2 25.0 5.4 8.6 7.2 17.2
no Metlicos 268.3 17.5 17.5
Mega 19.8 28.2 7.9 12.4 28.5 11.1 20.7 7.9 2.5 21.2 19.6 34.0 10.6 8.7 34.0 13.2 22.4 7.9 5.3 23.4 8.1 13.6 5.0 2.9 14.4
Grande 18.0 23.9 9.6 6.1 30.4 9.6 16.2 9.8 -1.9 25.2 25.7 30.4 17.2 0.2 51.0 11.0 16.6 8.1 0.1 25.0 7.4 11.0 5.4 0.1 17.2
Mediana 43.5 26.5 29.8 22.5 64.6 9.2 11.5 3.9 6.5 12.0 15.7 18.9 5.5 11.8 19.6 7.4 8.9 2.7 5.5 9.3 4.8 5.5 1.3 3.8 5.7
- - -
Pequea 34.5 30.8 39.3 -29.8 104.7 8.6 11.3 10.4 -8.8 26.5 -12.6 16.5 99.1 81.1 4.5 8.8 10.5 16.0 2.9 6.4 9.4 16.0
268.3 17.5 17.5
Siderurgia 21.2 24.6 8.4 5.8 29.3 9.5 14.8 6.9 2.7 19.2 14.3 24.5 13.8 -0.2 33.7 7.1 15.0 7.8 -0.1 18.0 4.7 9.9 5.1 -0.2 11.9
Mega 26.6 20.4 n.d. 26.6 26.6 17.0 9.8 n.d. 17.0 17.0 28.1 11.2 n.d. 28.1 28.1 18.0 8.0 n.d. 18.0 18.0 11.9 4.7 n.d. 11.9 11.9
Grande 12.5 7.9 9.4 5.8 19.2 4.8 3.3 2.9 2.7 6.8 5.8 0.9 8.5 -0.2 11.9 1.9 0.5 2.9 -0.1 4.0 1.9 0.4 3.0 -0.2 4.0
Mediana 25.3 25.2 3.9 21.6 29.3 10.2 8.1 7.9 4.2 19.2 15.4 12.4 16.5 1.7 33.7 7.0 4.8 7.8 1.1 15.8 4.2 3.0 5.0 0.3 9.9
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Transf. de
Metales no 17.0 13.3 6.5 11.0 30.1 9.4 7.7 5.1 4.4 17.9 16.2 22.9 15.3 -2.2 38.9 7.3 5.7 7.4 -0.4 20.6 5.6 5.5 5.8 -0.4 14.8
Ferrosos
Mega 13.3 58.2 n.d. 13.3 13.3 7.9 40.1 n.d. 7.9 7.9 29.7 46.0 n.d. 29.7 29.7 6.5 38.0 n.d. 6.5 6.5 6.5 23.1 n.d. 6.5 6.5
Grande 16.0 12.8 6.7 11.3 20.7 10.3 6.9 7.3 5.1 15.4 20.5 10.0 26.1 2.0 38.9 10.7 4.1 14.0 0.8 20.6 7.1 2.9 9.0 0.8 13.4
Mediana 22.4 22.0 6.9 16.9 30.1 11.6 12.2 6.5 4.8 17.9 18.9 21.6 11.0 6.4 26.7 9.4 10.1 5.9 3.1 14.8 7.8 7.8 6.5 1.9 14.8
Pequea 11.8 12.3 1.1 11.0 12.5 5.9 7.0 2.2 4.4 7.5 1.1 0.4 4.7 -2.2 4.4 1.2 0.1 2.3 -0.4 2.8 0.5 -0.1 1.3 -0.4 1.4
- - - -
Prod. Metlicos 21.3 17.1 38.4 266.2 9.4 9.8 10.3 60.1 15.1 15.1 18.2 -36.3 76.5 7.1 7.6 10.1 61.9 4.9 5.1 9.2 61.9
135.8 19.3 22.4 22.4
Mega 16.6 24.5 n.d. 16.6 16.6 10.3 9.6 n.d. 10.3 10.3 15.7 30.8 n.d. 15.7 15.7 3.3 7.2 n.d. 3.3 3.3 3.3 7.2 n.d. 3.3 3.3
67
CUADRO No A5A
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Grande 21.3 13.6 11.5 8.7 39.9 13.0 7.0 9.7 4.1 27.9 28.8 16.5 22.0 2.5 63.4 10.0 5.9 8.7 1.0 25.1 6.4 4.5 4.9 0.5 14.4
- - -
Mediana 12.1 14.8 20.0 -57.6 33.7 6.9 7.2 7.7 16.7 12.0 7.1 20.6 -36.3 59.6 3.5 3.3 7.8 16.1 1.6 1.6 6.9 13.3
19.3 22.4 22.4
Pequea 47.7 16.5 78.9 4.1 266.2 9.2 4.4 18.6 -3.4 60.1 11.1 5.3 26.2 -26.6 76.5 8.3 2.2 19.3 -6.9 61.9 7.6 1.7 19.5 -6.9 61.9
Total Mega 18.5 2.7 11.4 6.9 58.2 10.4 8.8 10.2 0.7 45.9 15.6 16.0 19.9 -31.3 72.7 9.4 7.6 12.5 -3.0 53.9 6.5 4.7 8.4 -3.1 36.5
- - -
Total Grande 17.6 17.4 11.1 0.4 58.2 9.1 9.7 9.0 -7.8 40.1 9.1 16.7 59.2 63.4 7.0 8.2 9.2 38.0 4.2 5.1 6.3 23.1
499.6 15.9 15.9
Total - - - -
19.1 17.1 14.7 -57.6 70.8 8.4 7.9 9.1 34.0 15.1 12.1 73.3 735.9 5.9 6.3 9.2 34.8 3.4 3.5 7.2 21.1
Mediana 22.0 237.4 22.4 22.4
Total - - - - -
32.1 17.1 47.9 266.2 7.9 7.0 12.9 60.1 2.2 7.7 67.2 151.5 5.6 3.3 13.7 61.9 3.8 2.5 12.2 61.9
Pequea 135.8 40.4 503.9 44.3 44.3
- - - - -
Total 22.7 17.2 30.2 266.2 8.4 9.0 10.5 60.1 9.2 15.6 65.6 735.9 6.2 7.6 11.1 61.9 3.8 4.7 9.0 61.9
135.8 40.4 503.9 44.3 44.3
Fuente: CONCYTE-INEI (2004). Elaboracin Propia. Los estratos son sacados por el nmero de trabajadores segn CONCYTEC , mega empresa para ms de 500 trabajadores, grande para
menos de 500 y ms de 100 trabajadores, mediana de 21 a 100 trabajadores, y pequea empresa para 20 trabajadores o menos. El nmero de empresas de la muestra es 339, 21 mega, 84
grandes, 124 medianas y 110 pequeas empresas. Todos los indicadores son promedio ponderados de los respectivos porcentajes de las empresas 1 P, representa el promedio simple. la
desviacin estndar. Mn. el valor mnimo y Mx. el mximo valor. PP el promedio ponderado.
CUADRO No A5B
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y
11.3 13.5 16.7 -21.4 49.2 5.6 7.5 7.1 -2.5 28.0 4.9 7.5 6.5 -1.9 25.3 3.5 3.9 4.5 -1.9 17.7
Panadera
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 12.9 12.9 n.d. 12.9 12.9 4.6 4.6 n.d. 4.6 4.6 0.8 4.6 n.d. 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 n.d. 0.8 0.8
Mediana 8.2 14.6 14.8 -8.8 17.6 6.1 11.4 5.6 1.7 12.4 6.0 11.4 6.6 0.9 13.4 3.7 7.5 4.0 0.6 8.1
Pequea 14.2 12.0 18.9 -21.4 49.2 6.6 5.7 8.3 -2.0 28.0 5.7 5.7 7.3 -1.9 25.3 4.2 4.0 5.2 -1.9 17.7
Bebidas y Tabaco 30.4 21.5 48.0 -10.4 172.4 -1.6 5.7 22.8 -46.1 42.7 -14.4 5.7 46.5 -139.3 40.5 -17.1 -6.8 44.4 -139.3 24.6
Mega 10.7 10.7 n.d. 10.7 10.7 2.8 2.8 n.d. 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.8 n.d. 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 n.d. 2.4 2.4
Grande 27.5 31.3 23.1 14.1 62.0 14.8 17.5 18.6 3.4 42.7 14.1 17.5 17.6 4.4 40.5 9.0 10.4 10.5 2.5 24.6
Mediana 14.5 25.3 16.1 -3.4 27.6 -8.6 9.1 25.6 -36.8 13.2 -11.4 9.1 34.5 -50.7 13.8 -14.0 -0.2 32.0 -50.7 8.3
Pequea 48.9 59.1 83.3 -10.4 172.4 -12.9 -5.6 23.3 -46.1 4.4 -45.3 -5.6 66.8 -139.3 4.1 -45.6 -45.5 66.5 -139.3 2.8
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabr. de Textiles 23.2 15.4 28.5 -1.0 123.7 4.7 7.0 7.3 -26.5 14.5 1.8 7.0 11.7 -58.4 18.4 0.4 2.9 11.0 -58.4 13.2
Mega 0.5 1.7 11.7 -11.0 17.6 1.5 1.7 2.8 -2.5 4.2 2.2 2.5 2.3 -1.3 4.2 1.5 1.9 2.0 -1.3 3.7
68
CUADRO No A5B
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Grande 12.2 12.4 4.3 4.1 20.6 5.0 5.6 5.1 -6.4 13.3 3.7 4.6 6.1 -8.9 13.2 2.0 2.6 4.5 -8.9 8.2
Mediana 12.1 15.1 7.3 -1.0 21.4 0.9 5.4 11.2 -26.5 12.9 -4.4 2.1 20.6 -58.4 10.2 -5.6 -0.2 20.1 -58.4 5.9
Pequea 53.6 25.2 45.6 1.8 123.7 6.1 10.7 5.7 -1.4 14.5 5.1 9.0 6.8 -4.8 18.4 3.4 8.7 5.4 -4.8 13.2
Fabr. de Prend.
17.7 19.8 17.4 -14.0 63.7 7.8 11.0 7.2 0.5 29.8 7.0 11.9 8.6 0.2 35.0 5.1 8.5 6.0 0.2 23.7
de Vestir
Mega 23.8 18.7 35.9 -1.6 49.2 5.9 7.9 6.1 1.6 10.3 3.8 6.3 3.9 1.1 6.6 3.8 4.9 3.9 1.1 6.6
Grande 18.5 22.5 7.1 13.5 23.5 8.4 10.9 4.3 5.4 11.5 6.0 8.8 4.8 2.7 9.4 4.1 6.3 3.9 1.3 6.8
Mediana 14.6 13.5 4.8 11.9 21.9 5.8 4.6 3.2 3.7 10.5 3.9 2.9 2.2 2.0 5.8 3.2 2.6 1.4 2.0 5.0
Pequea 18.8 14.4 24.3 -14.0 63.7 7.3 7.2 5.2 0.5 15.1 6.3 7.4 6.3 0.2 20.1 4.5 5.3 5.1 0.2 16.1
Fabr. de Cueros 8.2 9.1 1.7 7.0 9.4 -8.4 1.5 17.6 -20.8 4.1 -14.1 -2.5 20.7 -28.8 0.5 -14.1 -2.5 20.7 -28.8 0.5
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Pequea 8.2 9.1 1.7 7.0 9.4 -8.4 1.5 17.6 -20.8 4.1 -14.1 -2.5 20.7 -28.8 0.5 -14.1 -2.5 20.7 -28.8 0.5
Fabr. de Calzado 19.9 20.2 1.4 18.9 20.9 10.9 12.0 5.7 6.8 14.9 8.2 9.7 8.1 2.5 13.9 5.0 6.0 5.1 1.4 8.7
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana 19.9 20.2 1.4 18.9 20.9 10.9 12.0 5.7 6.8 14.9 8.2 9.7 8.1 2.5 13.9 5.0 6.0 5.1 1.4 8.7
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Ind. de Madera y
24.9 15.2 38.7 1.6 138.9 6.6 9.6 6.5 -8.5 14.7 4.0 7.8 7.8 -15.4 14.8 3.3 7.6 7.8 -16.2 14.8
Muebles
Mega -3.6 -3.6 n.d. -3.6 -3.6 -2.0 -2.0 n.d. -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 -1.9 n.d. -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 n.d. -1.9 -1.9
Grande 9.9 6.7 5.6 5.9 13.9 4.9 3.8 1.9 3.6 6.3 2.8 4.3 2.7 0.9 4.7 2.7 4.2 2.7 0.7 4.6
Mediana 15.1 17.2 4.3 12.2 20.1 10.2 12.1 4.6 5.5 14.7 7.4 10.6 7.2 0.5 14.8 6.5 10.1 7.6 0.0 14.8
Pequea 37.7 29.0 57.7 1.6 138.9 3.7 3.5 7.6 -8.5 10.5 1.2 1.5 9.7 -15.4 8.8 0.4 0.4 9.5 -16.2 7.0
Impr. y Edicin 20.5 15.1 15.3 0.4 58.7 7.4 7.2 9.7 -17.5 31.0 4.2 5.8 9.7 -17.5 31.5 2.0 3.2 7.3 -17.5 18.8
Mega 18.1 13.1 7.3 12.9 23.3 8.7 4.7 5.8 4.6 12.8 5.6 0.9 6.8 0.8 10.4 3.9 0.9 4.4 0.8 7.0
Grande 16.1 14.8 18.3 0.4 45.7 11.8 7.6 13.7 -6.0 31.0 10.3 7.7 13.2 -4.3 31.5 5.9 4.2 8.5 -4.4 18.8
Mediana 14.3 14.5 5.7 3.7 20.6 6.3 6.9 6.0 -4.0 11.2 1.8 5.1 6.5 -9.1 8.0 0.1 2.7 5.3 -9.1 5.0
Pequea 33.2 27.9 16.2 16.9 58.7 9.4 10.4 6.7 -2.0 17.7 6.5 6.8 6.3 -1.5 15.2 4.6 5.0 4.8 -1.5 10.8
Prod. Manuf.
15.0 18.0 5.3 6.4 22.9 6.8 9.7 5.8 -3.9 13.4 6.4 8.5 3.9 0.2 11.6 4.9 5.5 3.7 -0.1 11.6
Diversos
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 22.9 22.9 n.d. 22.9 22.9 13.4 13.4 n.d. 13.4 13.4 11.4 11.4 n.d. 11.4 11.4 6.5 6.5 n.d. 6.5 6.5
Mediana 14.0 15.1 6.9 9.1 18.9 2.8 4.3 9.5 -3.9 9.6 5.5 5.5 0.1 5.4 5.6 4.1 3.9 1.8 2.9 5.4
Pequea 13.9 12.4 4.3 6.4 17.4 7.1 6.8 4.2 2.0 12.5 5.7 5.6 4.4 0.2 11.6 4.9 4.8 4.7 -0.1 11.6
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos Bsicos 13.3 18.2 10.2 0.3 37.1 1.5 9.4 10.1 -17.5 18.6 -5.8 4.9 28.7 -93.4 20.3 -6.5 2.2 28.4 -93.4 20.3
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 18.1 20.4 6.0 12.4 25.5 6.4 11.9 7.8 -3.3 15.9 -20.1 6.2 49.1 -93.4 11.2 -21.7 2.9 47.9 -93.4 6.4
Mediana 8.3 8.9 6.3 0.3 18.9 -1.0 -0.7 6.5 -9.9 7.8 0.7 -0.3 11.8 -14.9 20.3 0.4 -0.6 11.7 -14.9 20.3
69
CUADRO No A5B
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Pequea 20.8 27.8 23.1 4.5 37.1 0.5 8.2 25.5 -17.5 18.6 0.0 7.5 24.8 -17.5 17.5 0.0 7.5 24.8 -17.5 17.5
Farmacuticos y
19.7 19.0 13.9 -16.2 36.2 10.0 9.6 7.2 -3.1 22.6 7.4 7.2 7.8 -8.6 22.1 4.3 3.9 5.4 -8.6 13.9
Medicamentos
Mega 11.8 11.8 n.d. 11.8 11.8 2.3 2.3 n.d. 2.3 2.3 0.3 0.3 n.d. 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 n.d. 0.3 0.3
Grande 20.4 16.8 12.1 8.4 36.2 8.6 8.4 9.5 -3.1 22.5 4.2 5.6 9.7 -8.6 18.5 1.7 2.9 7.0 -8.6 11.2
Mediana 23.4 24.0 9.0 15.1 35.8 11.3 10.3 6.0 4.6 22.6 9.6 8.7 6.4 3.8 22.1 6.2 5.8 3.9 1.9 13.9
Pequea -16.2 -16.2 n.d. -16.2 -16.2 2.7 2.7 n.d. 2.7 2.7 1.3 1.3 n.d. 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.2 n.d. 0.2 0.2
Otros Prod.
23.1 13.0 24.8 3.7 87.4 3.1 5.5 11.7 -44.2 24.7 1.1 5.9 12.2 -48.4 16.0 -0.5 3.0 11.2 -48.4 11.1
Qumicos
Mega -21.4 -21.4 n.d. -21.4 -21.4 5.6 5.6 n.d. 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.4 n.d. 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 n.d. 5.4 5.4
Grande 12.8 13.1 4.5 9.9 18.0 5.9 6.1 4.2 2.2 10.5 5.2 5.3 2.7 2.7 8.0 2.3 2.3 1.5 0.8 3.9
Mediana 13.5 15.5 9.7 4.1 35.3 6.4 8.4 8.4 -5.2 24.7 2.9 8.0 8.2 -9.5 14.0 1.0 4.5 6.4 -9.5 9.1
Pequea 34.2 15.7 31.8 3.7 87.4 0.0 2.3 14.9 -44.2 16.9 -1.7 2.0 16.0 -48.4 16.0 -2.7 0.8 15.2 -48.4 11.1
Constr. de Maq.
3.7 14.2 45.6 -107.0 35.8 4.3 5.2 4.8 -1.7 14.4 2.3 3.3 2.1 -1.9 5.4 1.7 3.0 2.0 -2.1 5.4
no Elctrica
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 14.3 14.2 7.5 6.3 22.2 4.6 5.2 7.1 -1.7 14.4 2.2 3.4 3.1 -1.9 5.4 1.7 3.0 3.1 -2.1 5.4
Mediana 19.8 19.8 n.d. 19.8 19.8 5.0 5.0 n.d. 5.0 5.0 3.1 3.1 n.d. 3.1 3.1 2.2 2.2 n.d. 2.2 2.2
Pequea -15.8 9.4 79.3 -107.0 35.8 3.8 4.2 2.4 2.1 6.6 2.3 2.1 0.5 1.7 2.8 1.5 1.4 0.4 1.2 2.0
Maq. Elctrica 17.6 16.3 5.6 11.9 32.0 10.6 12.1 6.6 2.4 25.6 9.1 10.6 6.2 1.7 21.3 5.7 6.8 4.1 0.3 12.8
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 16.0 15.2 1.3 15.0 16.9 13.1 11.7 2.5 11.4 14.9 12.0 10.2 3.2 9.8 14.3 8.1 6.6 2.6 6.3 9.9
Mediana 18.2 21.0 6.7 11.9 32.0 9.7 14.2 7.8 2.4 25.6 7.9 12.2 7.1 1.7 21.3 4.6 7.3 4.5 0.3 12.8
Pequea 16.7 16.7 n.d. 16.7 16.7 11.6 11.6 n.d. 11.6 11.6 11.7 11.7 n.d. 11.7 11.7 8.2 8.2 n.d. 8.2 8.2
Constr. de
16.4 14.1 6.8 10.3 30.2 8.1 7.9 4.8 0.7 15.2 4.6 5.9 4.3 -1.3 10.2 2.9 3.9 2.9 -1.3 6.1
Material de Trans
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 15.3 14.1 5.4 10.3 26.0 6.6 6.8 4.9 0.7 13.8 3.5 4.1 4.0 -1.3 8.9 2.3 2.7 2.8 -1.3 5.4
Mediana 18.6 14.1 10.0 12.7 30.2 11.0 9.3 3.6 8.8 15.2 6.7 8.2 4.9 1.1 10.2 4.2 5.5 3.2 0.5 6.1
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Procesado de Minerales y otros
Caucho y Plstico 14.9 16.0 8.3 -7.2 33.9 6.5 8.1 8.0 -25.9 23.9 4.1 6.8 8.3 -17.5 27.0 2.2 3.8 6.4 -17.5 16.4
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 17.0 18.3 5.3 8.9 25.6 7.3 9.3 5.9 -3.1 14.5 3.9 7.3 6.8 -8.3 11.2 1.5 3.9 5.1 -8.3 6.8
Mediana 15.8 14.7 9.7 -7.2 33.9 7.0 7.6 10.0 -25.9 23.9 5.1 7.6 10.2 -17.5 27.0 2.9 4.4 8.0 -17.5 16.4
Pequea 11.6 11.6 5.7 1.4 21.0 5.0 5.6 3.7 -0.6 11.5 2.1 3.0 2.9 -5.3 6.2 1.3 1.9 2.6 -5.3 6.2
Fabr. de Papel 16.0 14.0 7.4 3.9 32.6 4.1 6.4 9.6 -18.5 19.8 1.5 4.4 7.8 -13.9 18.5 0.2 2.9 6.6 -13.9 11.5
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande 16.0 14.2 6.3 12.5 27.2 9.3 7.0 6.0 4.9 19.8 6.9 4.8 6.6 2.5 18.5 4.5 3.2 4.1 1.2 11.5
Mediana 11.3 10.7 6.9 3.9 20.3 0.7 -0.8 6.7 -5.8 7.8 -1.3 0.0 6.9 -10.2 5.5 -2.0 -0.7 6.7 -11.0 3.7
Pequea 22.1 21.3 9.1 16.6 32.6 -0.6 1.5 17.0 -18.5 15.5 -4.2 -3.5 8.4 -13.9 0.7 -4.3 -3.5 8.4 -13.9 0.7
70
CUADRO No A5B
Indicadores de Rentabilidad de Una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005 (%)
IR6 IR7 IR8 IR9
Descripcin1
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx
Fab. de Prod. no
27.4 36.3 23.4 -32.2 73.8 12.4 21.9 14.4 -6.8 50.1 11.9 24.2 14.5 -13.4 49.7 7.7 15.5 10.0 -13.4 34.3
Metlicos
Mega 24.4 16.5 5.8 15.9 28.9 10.6 12.1 12.7 0.1 28.0 10.2 13.1 11.6 0.3 25.3 6.9 8.0 8.0 0.3 17.7
Grande 27.1 33.6 21.4 6.1 60.4 16.7 22.8 20.8 -2.5 50.1 18.2 23.4 18.7 0.1 49.7 12.0 15.5 12.3 0.1 34.3
Mediana 40.5 34.4 12.8 31.5 49.6 10.9 14.9 8.3 5.0 16.8 8.6 11.6 6.2 4.2 13.0 5.5 7.2 3.6 2.9 8.0
Pequea 22.9 22.0 30.4 -32.2 73.8 6.9 8.0 9.9 -6.8 28.6 3.6 6.3 8.6 -13.4 17.3 2.5 4.5 8.1 -13.4 17.3
Siderurgia 21.0 23.3 6.5 11.5 27.6 9.6 14.1 6.2 3.9 18.1 6.8 14.3 7.4 -0.2 17.0 4.6 9.4 4.9 -0.4 11.2
Mega 13.3 13.3 n.d. 13.3 13.3 6.4 6.4 n.d. 6.4 6.4 5.2 5.2 n.d. 5.2 5.2 3.1 3.1 n.d. 3.1 3.1
Grande 18.9 14.6 10.6 11.5 26.4 7.4 6.2 2.9 5.3 9.4 2.6 0.9 4.0 -0.2 5.5 2.5 0.8 4.2 -0.4 5.5
Mediana 21.1 16.5 6.0 15.8 27.6 8.9 5.3 8.0 3.9 18.1 6.1 3.2 7.6 1.0 14.9 3.7 2.0 4.9 0.3 9.4
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Transf. de
Metales no 12.5 8.8 5.9 7.0 25.2 6.2 5.1 2.0 4.4 10.0 4.2 3.8 2.8 -0.3 6.9 3.1 3.7 2.1 -0.3 6.1
Ferrosos
Mega 62.0 62.0 n.d. 62.0 62.0 42.7 42.7 n.d. 42.7 42.7 40.5 40.5 n.d. 40.5 40.5 24.6 24.6 n.d. 24.6 24.6
Grande 9.2 9.8 3.2 7.0 11.5 5.2 5.2 0.0 5.2 5.2 3.8 3.1 4.3 0.8 6.9 2.6 2.2 2.6 0.8 4.5
Mediana 13.5 12.8 1.7 12.5 15.4 6.4 7.1 1.7 4.4 7.4 5.1 5.9 2.0 2.8 6.4 4.0 4.5 2.2 1.7 6.1
Pequea 16.3 8.2 12.7 7.3 25.2 7.2 4.7 4.0 4.4 10.0 3.1 0.1 4.7 -0.3 6.5 1.4 -0.1 2.4 -0.3 3.1
Prod. Metlicos 14.5 15.9 18.9 -107.0 57.0 6.3 9.1 7.8 -29.4 25.6 4.0 7.0 8.8 -44.0 21.3 2.3 4.7 7.9 -44.0 13.6
Mega 19.1 19.1 n.d. 19.1 19.1 7.5 7.5 n.d. 7.5 7.5 5.6 5.6 n.d. 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 n.d. 5.6 5.6
Grande 21.1 19.7 5.4 12.4 28.8 11.9 10.1 5.1 5.9 20.2 9.7 8.5 6.3 1.1 18.1 6.5 6.5 4.7 0.7 13.6
Mediana 10.1 15.8 14.0 -33.2 25.7 5.1 7.6 9.3 -29.4 16.4 1.8 3.5 9.3 -34.0 11.3 0.3 1.7 8.7 -34.0 7.7
Pequea 23.6 11.1 20.1 2.9 57.0 1.2 3.0 9.1 -21.6 12.9 -1.6 1.4 15.4 -44.0 13.3 -2.1 1.2 15.3 -44.0 13.3
Total Mega 62.0 3.0 19.9 -1.9 62.0 42.7 9.6 10.8 -2.5 42.7 40.5 8.3 10.1 -1.9 40.5 24.6 5.2 6.4 -1.9 24.6
Total Grande 62.0 18.9 10.9 -93.4 62.0 50.1 10.5 9.4 -6.4 50.1 49.7 8.8 14.5 -93.4 49.7 34.3 5.5 12.5 -93.4 34.3
Total Mediana 49.6 15.2 10.3 -58.4 49.6 25.6 7.0 9.2 -36.8 25.6 27.0 5.6 11.0 -58.4 27.0 20.3 3.1 9.9 -58.4 20.3
Total Pequea 172.4 13.9 33.4 -139.3 172.4 28.6 5.7 10.4 -46.1 28.6 25.3 2.7 17.3 -139.3 25.3 17.7 2.0 16.8 -139.3 17.7
Total 172.4 18.1 21.2 -139.3 172.4 50.1 9.5 9.8 -46.1 50.1 49.7 8.0 14.3 -139.3 49.7 34.3 4.9 13.1 -139.3 34.3
Fuente CONCYTE-INEI (2004). Elaboracin Propia. Los estratos son sacados por el nmero de trabajadores segn CONCYTEC , mega empresa para mas de 500 trabajadores,
grande para menos de 500 y mas de 100 trabajadores, mediana para menos de 100 y mas de 20 trabajadores, y pequea empresa para 20 trabajadores o menos. El nmero
de empresas de la muestra es 339, 21 mega, 84 grandes, 124 medianas y 110 pequeas empresas. Todos los indicadores son promedio ponderados de los respectivos
porcentajes de las empresas 1 P, representa el promedio simple. la desviacin estndar. Mn. el valor mnimo y Mx. el mximo valor, PP representa el promedio ponderado.
CUADRO No A6A
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas
Manufactureras, 2005
Descripcin1 Recursos Bsicos Tecnolgicos Recursos Tangibles
71
I&D/A INN/G A/V (%) AF/AT (%) K/L2
M M 3
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP Mn Mx
x x
Alimentos y tabaco
0.0 13. 19. 48. 23. 78.
Molinera y panadera 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.9 0.8 2.2 0.00 8.7 28.3 0.2 83.2 66.6 2.5 23.1 177.5 31.0 0.0 111.4
0 5 1 9 1 8
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 29. 29. 78. 78. 78. 219.
Grande 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 0.9 0.9 n.d. 0.88 0.9 29.0 n.d. 29.0 78.1 n.d. 219.4 254.2 n.d. 219.4
0 0 0 1 1 1 4
0.0 15. 17. 49. 38. 56.
Mediana 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.00 0.7 32.9 4.4 35.5 39.4 9.1 72.5 176.0 92.9 15.0 179.7
0 8 1 2 9 0
0.0 13. 22. 48. 27. 78.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.3 1.0 2.7 0.00 8.7 10.7 0.2 83.2 46.4 2.5 31.9 36.3 21.2 3.7 73.9
0 9 3 5 5 8
0.0 17. 41. 31. 50. 22. 13. 89.
Bebidas y tabaco 0.07 0.002 0.23 0.81 1.6 1.6 5.1 0.00 33.4 0.5 97.1 70.7 166.8 415.2 241.9 20.0 916.3
0 8 0 3 5 6 3 6
0.0 26. 26. 79. 79. 79. 502.
Mega 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 0.3 99.4 n.d. 0.35 0.3 5.7 n.d. 26.2 12.0 n.d. 502.8 377.1 n.d. 502.8
0 2 2 4 4 4 8
0.0 17. 39. 26. 56. 49. 66. 215. 1720.
Grande 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 4.4 4.3 8.9 0.00 42.9 8.7 46.1 53.5 7.2 651.4 585.5 716.1
0 8 0 5 3 3 1 6 1
0.0 57. 50. 40. 13. 28. 55. 109.
Mediana 0.27 0.105 0.47 0.81 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.00 1.2 90.3 0.5 97.1 31.9 178.3 274.2 60.1 222.9
0 2 5 2 7 1 0 9
0.0 34. 37. 45. 35. 13. 89.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.00 0.1 49.2 3.1 88.7 64.6 151.4 230.3 194.9 29.1 442.5
0 4 8 3 1 3 6
Manufacturas Tradicionales
0.0 12. 57. 51. 312. 46. 14. 15. 81.
Fabricacin de textiles 0.01 0.007 0.08 0.48 0.9 1.6 2.5 0.00 57.7 0.4 54.8 140.8 334.2 174.9 0.0 764.3
0 6 0 3 6 4 4 5 1
0.0 12. 51. 12. 41. 59. 13. 47. 81. 184. 1075.
Mega 0.00 0.002 0.01 0.02 4.6 86.7 5.8 0.13 6.9 71.4 12.7 397.8 300.2 383.0
0 6 7 4 4 9 0 3 1 7 4
0.0 63. 22. 24. 41. 13. 23. 61. 1163.
Grande 0.04 0.018 0.13 0.48 0.3 10.4 0.7 0.00 2.7 65.8 99.1 46.9 257.1 335.9 331.6 14.0
0 0 7 1 7 1 0 7 6
0.0 79. 92. 16. 312. 51. 13. 32. 72.
Mediana 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.3 16.0 0.4 0.00 1.0 67.3 50.2 157.9 457.6 85.4 19.9 268.3
0 2 2 3 6 3 7 1 2
0.0 28. 25. 40. 13. 15. 58.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.4 1.7 0.9 0.00 2.1 44.1 0.4 66.4 54.0 122.5 1404.7 100.3 15.0 290.6
0 9 3 8 1 5 0
Fab. de prendas de 0.0 30. 18. 35. 15. 58.
0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.1 1.8 2.0 0.00 6.9 34.7 0.1 69.6 46.8 8.6 35.6 96.4 29.6 7.4 112.3
vestir 0 1 3 9 4 1
0.0 38. 36. 45. 41. 48.
Mega 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 3.5 36.7 4.9 0.00 6.9 6.6 2.5 39.8 28.0 5.1 50.7 67.8 14.7 40.3 61.1
0 1 3 2 6 8
0.0 40. 36. 39. 34. 44.
Grande 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.8 0.4 2.6 0.00 3.6 37.1 6.8 45.7 43.6 7.0 47.4 338.6 36.6 21.5 73.3
0 9 1 7 7 6
0.0 43. 24. 18. 37. 22. 56.
Mediana 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.00 2.2 29.7 69.6 44.7 8.6 42.5 92.5 44.6 11.5 108.8
0 6 2 1 6 2 5
0.0 19. 14. 29. 13. 10. 51.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.00 0.9 23.3 0.1 39.4 34.4 59.9 80.7 62.1 8.9 173.2
0 0 3 1 0 3 5
0.0 47. 28. 27. 28. 23. 34. 1160. 1729.
Fabricacin de cueros 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 3.1 5.0 4.4 0.00 6.2 63.1 67.2 33.1 7.7 909.6 787.5 89.3
0 3 1 4 9 4 3 1 9
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Mediana n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 47. 28. 27. 28. 23. 34. 1234. 1508. 168. 2301.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 3.1 5.0 4.4 0.00 6.2 63.1 67.2 33.1 7.7 787.5
0 3 1 4 9 4 3 8 4 3 4
0.0 43. 19. 29. 24. 28. 44.
Fabricacin de calzado 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.1 39.6 57.2 29.0 4.8 8.7 30.5 10.7 1.1 16.2
0 4 5 6 6 1 5
72
CUADRO No A6A
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas
Manufactureras, 2005
Recursos Bsicos Tecnolgicos Recursos Tangibles
I&D/A INN/G A/V (%) AF/AT (%) K/L2
Descripcin1
M M
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP3 Mn Mx
x x
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 43. 19. 29. 24. 28. 44.
Mediana 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.1 39.6 57.2 29.0 4.8 17.1 30.5 22.2 1.4 32.8
0 4 5 6 6 1 5
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Ind. de madera y 0.0 73. 55. 30. 220. 38. 20. 63.
0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.1 0.3 2.3 0.00 7.4 62.4 46.1 2.6 84.9 346.3 114.2 0.0 358.5
muebles 0 9 9 9 2 0 1 3
0.0 57. 57. 46. 46. 46. 301.
Mega 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 0.0 58.2 n.d. 0.05 0.0 7.2 n.d. 57.8 18.9 n.d. 301.7 277.2 n.d. 301.7
0 8 8 5 5 5 7
0.0 61. 17. 49. 38. 11. 30. 46.
Grande 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.00 0.3 71.7 74.2 45.8 290.4 643.2 349.1 43.5 537.3
0 9 4 5 3 8 0 7
0.0 53. 28. 30. 27. 31. 63.
Mediana 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.3 0.7 1.9 0.00 3.5 45.0 86.0 43.5 2.6 73.9 163.8 94.1 17.8 182.5
0 6 8 9 8 6 3
0.0 94. 79. 32. 220. 42. 18. 18. 61.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.5 1.2 3.3 0.00 7.4 83.0 48.9 192.7 341.1 197.3 27.9 483.8
0 1 8 7 2 4 7 6 2
0.0 12. 50. 41. 17. 18. 47. 15. 23. 85.
Impresin y edicin 0.04 0.078 0.14 0.65 4.4 1.4 0.00 56.2 74.8 38.7 109.5 222.7 66.4 31.4 301.6
0 5 1 3 0 2 9 7 0 3
0.0 49. 35. 24. 55. 11. 47. 63. 109.
Mega 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.7 53.7 1.3 0.76 2.7 28.7 74.8 16.4 130.9 99.2 29.7 151.9
0 5 8 3 0 2 1 0 9
0.0 49. 19. 25. 44. 14. 23. 61.
Grande 0.15 0.120 0.28 0.65 0.8 1.2 0.6 0.00 1.4 61.4 70.5 34.2 147.8 302.5 70.3 65.9 216.3
0 9 4 4 7 4 0 2
0.0 12. 33. 39. 12. 29. 41. 13. 26. 58.
Mediana 0.00 0.026 0.01 0.03 5.0 1.0 0.00 55.1 66.5 36.4 167.5 361.4 139.4 47.1 451.5
0 8 9 6 8 6 3 7 5 9
0.0 18. 50. 35. 15. 18. 56. 18. 25. 85.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 7.9 9.3 0.00 32.1 61.5 60.8 153.9 151.6 84.4 40.6 294.9
0 7 1 9 7 2 2 7 8 3
0.0 42. 18. 11. 24. 12. 44. 1656.
Prod. Manuf. diversos 0.30 0.113 0.83 2.36 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.00 2.3 38.5 68.7 33.7 3.3 224.7 165.4 578.7 3.1
0 2 9 7 9 5 1 2
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 33. 33. 44. 44. 44. 136.
Grande 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 1.3 1.3 n.d. 1.32 1.3 33.3 n.d. 33.3 44.1 n.d. 136.1 163.9 n.d. 136.1
0 3 3 1 1 1 1
0.0 51. 12. 42. 23. 18. 29.
Mediana 1.18 0.666 1.67 2.36 1.4 1.3 1.3 0.52 2.3 53.1 60.1 26.1 7.8 31.9 106.5 7.9 26.3 37.6
0 2 5 3 7 2 2
0.0 40. 22. 11. 21. 12. 34. 1697.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.00 0.8 40.2 68.7 21.0 3.3 438.2 240.3 720.3 29.5
0 4 8 7 5 4 6 4
Tecnolgicos
0.0 58. 36. 130. 53. 26. 92. 1376.
Qumicos bsicos 0.08 0.016 0.19 0.54 1.4 1.4 2.4 0.00 9.0 51.8 7.8 63.4 8.6 314.9 895.9 482.4 6.4
0 8 8 8 7 0 6 3
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 77. 36. 43. 119. 61. 23. 28. 79. 125. 1725.
Grande 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 1.0 1.6 1.3 0.00 2.6 52.8 65.9 844.4 1233.6 791.5
0 8 7 2 9 9 0 9 6 3 4
0.0 59. 35. 24. 130. 45. 25. 86. 1591.
Mediana 0.14 0.127 0.25 0.54 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.00 1.8 48.2 45.1 8.6 395.0 313.4 542.8 24.0
0 1 4 8 8 6 9 0 6
0.0 20. 17. 65. 38. 38. 92.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 4.5 4.4 6.4 0.00 9.0 14.8 7.8 32.2 70.1 57.5 80.6 18.8 44.2 70.8
0 0 2 5 2 5 6
73
CUADRO No A6A
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas
Manufactureras, 2005
Recursos Bsicos Tecnolgicos Recursos Tangibles
I&D/A INN/G A/V (%) AF/AT (%) K/L2
Descripcin1
M M
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP3 Mn Mx
x x
Farmacuticos y 0.0 22. 48. 22. 13. 34. 24. 79.
0.06 0.090 0.16 0.51 2.4 0.9 5.9 0.00 41.4 89.9 45.6 1.3 22.8 175.8 19.2 0.0 63.4
medicamentos 0 8 0 5 7 5 3 7
0.0 46. 46. 41. 41. 41. 127.
Mega 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 0.0 38.1 n.d. 0.02 0.0 0.2 n.d. 46.6 33.7 n.d. 127.4 155.3 n.d. 127.4
0 6 6 1 1 1 4
0.0 44. 13. 28. 44. 18. 27. 74.
Grande 0.17 0.120 0.24 0.51 1.3 0.9 1.1 0.38 3.1 39.4 57.8 47.9 112.6 196.5 68.3 33.9 201.9
0 0 7 4 8 7 2 9
0.0 22. 55. 27. 13. 31. 27. 79.
Mediana 0.01 0.003 0.02 0.05 3.8 2.7 8.4 0.23 50.0 89.9 32.5 2.6 55.6 104.5 27.4 9.6 85.8
0 8 1 6 7 0 4 7
0.0 19. 19.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 0.0 0.0 n.d. 0.00 0.0 19.5 n.d. 19.5 1.3 1.3 n.d. 1.3 1.3 6.0 21.0 n.d. 6.0 6.0
0 5 5
Otros productos 0.0 44. 44. 23. 106. 31. 17. 64.
0.24 0.564 0.47 1.46 3.5 1.2 9.0 0.00 54.3 4.8 40.4 3.9 63.5 292.9 70.9 0.0 224.0
qumicos 0 0 0 8 4 9 3 5
1.0 70. 70. 41. 41. 41. 227.
Mega 1.09 1.092 n.d. 1.09 1.4 50.9 n.d. 1.41 1.4 8.2 n.d. 70.3 6.9 n.d. 227.4 246.7 n.d. 227.4
9 3 3 9 9 9 4
0.0 53. 49. 42. 37. 50. 140.
Grande 0.40 0.401 0.37 0.71 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.51 0.7 54.0 3.4 56.3 41.9 6.8 268.6 320.7 111.5 338.8
0 7 8 3 4 0 0
0.0 10. 47. 15. 18. 36. 18. 11. 64.
Mediana 0.42 0.455 0.63 1.46 3.3 2.1 4.3 0.00 47.8 65.6 38.9 222.5 340.9 265.7 11.6 851.4
0 5 7 7 4 0 5 4 5
0.0 12. 44. 36. 29. 106. 25. 17. 56.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 4.6 1.5 0.00 38.5 4.8 22.3 3.9 80.9 166.9 86.8 0.8 320.1
0 6 0 6 9 4 4 2 7
Const. de maq. no 0.0 44. 26. 34. 19. 54.
1.48 1.007 2.65 7.54 1.7 1.2 2.3 0.00 6.7 61.0 5.8 75.9 41.0 3.7 59.3 219.9 44.8 0.0 145.0
elctrica 0 3 2 4 4 9
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 58. 50. 40. 32. 49.
Grande 1.07 1.005 1.33 2.73 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.00 2.4 61.4 8.5 70.2 41.1 8.4 304.3 229.3 359.7 72.4 838.1
0 7 2 5 0 9
7.5 54. 54. 54.
Mediana 7.54 7.539 n.d. 7.54 6.7 6.7 n.d. 6.69 6.7 5.8 5.8 n.d. 5.8 5.8 54.9 n.d. 71.0 17.4 n.d. 71.0 71.0
4 9 9 9
0.0 38. 32. 17. 19. 24. 47.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.9 1.8 1.6 0.00 2.7 27.6 75.9 32.7 3.7 32.5 65.7 26.0 8.5 60.2
0 0 9 0 5 5 7
0.0 16. 51. 52. 22. 32. 102. 25. 14. 43.
Maquinaria elctrica 0.93 0.163 1.61 3.96 6.2 0.7 0.00 40.6 32.0 6.2 112.3 427.1 146.2 3.3 375.7
0 0 3 9 2 9 7 1 6 1
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 41. 12. 32. 26. 18. 13. 39. 567.
Grande 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.00 0.1 34.5 49.8 37.2 581.8 607.6 20.2 596.1
0 3 0 9 9 4 9 9 5
0.0 57. 25. 33. 102. 26. 15. 43.
Mediana 0.76 0.539 1.43 3.70 1.5 0.8 3.0 0.00 8.3 68.7 16.6 6.2 102.2 228.7 71.9 15.7 219.9
0 5 2 2 7 7 0 1
3.9 51. 51.2 51. 43. 43. 10. 10. 10.
Pequea 3.96 3.956 n.d. 3.96 51.3 n.d. 43.9 n.d. 43.9 10.2 n.d. 43.0 183.3 n.d. 43.0 43.0
6 3 6 3 9 9 2 2 2
Cons. de material de 0.0 67. 12. 46. 38. 19. 60.
0.04 0.074 0.10 0.31 1.4 0.6 2.1 0.07 6.9 60.9 92.0 41.1 5.4 60.6 267.6 53.5 5.0 151.6
transp. 0 1 7 6 6 9 1
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 66. 55. 42. 17. 12. 60.
Grande 0.06 0.111 0.12 0.31 1.8 0.8 2.6 0.07 6.9 67.5 7.1 72.7 46.1 135.2 210.5 92.4 46.4 260.9
0 6 7 5 9 0 1
0.0 68. 22. 46. 30. 25. 56.
Mediana 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.22 1.1 52.8 92.0 31.0 5.4 261.6 594.2 257.2 21.8 533.3
0 0 8 6 7 3 0
74
CUADRO No A6A
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas
Manufactureras, 2005
Recursos Bsicos Tecnolgicos Recursos Tangibles
I&D/A INN/G A/V (%) AF/AT (%) K/L2
Descripcin1
M M
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP3 Mn Mx
x x
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Procesados de Minerales y otros
0.0 12. 54. 35. 11. 198. 45. 19. 93. 1524.
Caucho y plstico 0.24 0.322 0.88 4.49 1.8 1.3 3.2 0.00 60.8 38.9 4.6 231.1 410.5 354.7 5.5
0 9 1 5 5 5 4 7 0 9
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 11. 73. 46. 23. 177. 45. 16. 23. 66. 110.
Grande 0.63 0.527 1.32 3.80 2.3 1.7 3.9 0.00 71.3 36.4 271.6 384.8 206.4 756.4
0 2 3 3 4 4 5 0 4 1 4
0.0 45. 19. 11. 47. 21. 93. 1196.
Mediana 0.20 0.083 0.90 4.49 1.1 0.6 2.2 0.00 7.7 49.5 82.2 42.6 5.8 230.9 355.8 249.0 25.0
0 3 1 5 5 7 0 9
0.0 12. 59. 49. 15. 198. 41. 18. 66. 2026.
Pequea 0.05 0.079 0.17 0.60 2.7 1.9 4.2 0.00 56.2 40.2 4.6 613.5 1259.7 728.3 50.4
0 9 7 1 2 5 0 5 9 9
0.0 39. 22. 12. 51. 21. 87.
Fabricacin de papel 0.42 0.171 1.21 4.39 0.8 1.8 1.5 0.00 4.2 44.2 96.2 53.8 9.1 138.9 391.6 103.2 13.7 325.8
0 1 1 4 6 5 5
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
0.0 38. 15. 23. 56. 48. 71. 146.
Grande 1.03 0.183 1.91 4.39 1.8 1.9 2.1 0.00 4.2 44.7 61.9 53.6 8.4 298.4 420.7 153.9 471.2
0 0 6 5 9 8 2 5
0.0 49. 31. 28. 48. 30. 81.
Mediana 0.07 0.040 0.14 0.28 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.00 1.2 40.0 96.2 55.1 9.1 205.2 230.4 211.0 93.7 521.6
0 6 4 7 2 3 1
0.0 20. 12. 50. 33. 22. 87.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.00 0.1 19.8 8.3 29.1 60.4 165.5 133.7 149.5 25.3 322.7
0 9 4 2 4 9 5
Fabr. de prod. no 0.0 42.9 33. 54. 43. 217. 49. 20. 11. 81. 2994.
2.82 0.853 9.41 5.4 6.2 8.4 0.00 60.2 8.7 66.5 368.2 888.3 700.3 1.3
metlicos 0 3 9 6 0 4 6 4 4 3 0
10.7 21.4 0.0 42.9 10. 190. 18. 68. 13. 50. 51. 25. 26. 76. 1775. 2343. 139. 5161.
Mega 0.708 7.6 0.00 34.8 84.1 18.2 1094.3
3 7 0 3 3 6 3 2 8 3 0 5 3 8 6 5 3 0
0.0 72. 65. 28. 217. 52. 19. 14. 74. 171. 2183.
Grande 0.90 1.137 1.86 5.03 2.8 3.2 2.9 0.00 7.7 57.8 59.0 724.5 699.6 776.5
0 2 6 6 4 8 7 2 5 2 7
0.0 12.8 61. 22. 45. 41. 37. 44.
Mediana 6.41 1.223 9.06 4.6 2.5 4.3 1.57 7.6 72.8 78.0 43.7 4.7 361.5 371.7 453.0 41.2 681.8
0 2 9 8 8 0 7 3
0.0 11. 33. 33. 24. 48. 23. 11. 81.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 5.5 2.8 0.00 37.9 8.7 80.0 41.4 75.7 92.7 47.8 15.2 146.9
0 7 9 4 5 4 0 4 3
0.0 10. 57. 26. 23. 48. 13. 38. 74.
Siderurgia 0.01 0.056 0.03 0.07 2.1 8.6 4.3 0.00 56.5 93.7 40.5 165.7 686.9 118.2 25.3 304.4
0 8 7 6 7 8 5 7 5
0.0 10. 10.8 10. 57. 57. 38. 38. 38. 582.
Mega 0.07 0.070 n.d. 0.07 43.3 n.d. 16.0 n.d. 57.7 26.6 n.d. 582.6 958.6 n.d. 582.6
7 8 4 8 7 7 7 7 7 6
0.0 87. 80. 46. 41. 52. 160.
Grande 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.00 1.0 91.0 9.0 93.7 50.8 8.0 279.4 218.9 167.8 398.0
0 3 9 9 2 5 8
0.0 38. 16. 23. 53. 18. 40. 74.
Mediana 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.00 0.7 35.5 55.7 45.8 195.6 603.7 166.8 86.9 387.6
0 0 2 7 4 3 9 5
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Transf. de met. no 0.0 37. 16. 23. 44. 22. 16. 88.
0.27 0.010 0.78 2.20 1.8 0.4 3.1 0.00 8.1 31.2 75.8 53.2 172.8 512.8 186.5 14.8 560.8
ferrosos 0 5 7 7 7 1 8 2
0.0 30. 30. 53. 53. 53. 215.
Mega 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 0.1 37.1 n.d. 0.08 0.1 46.1 n.d. 30.2 13.4 n.d. 215.1 493.9 n.d. 215.1
0 2 2 7 7 7 1
Grande 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.0 0.00 2.5 3.1 3.5 0.01 5.0 34. 36.9 15. 23. 44.9 42. 51.5 18. 29. 55. 353.8 449.6 297.0 143. 563.8
75
CUADRO No A6A
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas
Manufactureras, 2005
Recursos Bsicos Tecnolgicos Recursos Tangibles
I&D/A INN/G A/V (%) AF/AT (%) K/L2
Descripcin1
M M
P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP Mn Mx P PP Mn P PP3 Mn Mx
x x
0 3 0 7 7 7 5 9 8
0.0 47. 24. 29. 28. 12. 16. 40.
Mediana 0.73 1.332 1.27 2.20 3.1 1.5 4.4 0.00 8.1 38.6 75.8 33.8 63.9 98.2 49.5 23.0 118.9
0 5 8 9 4 0 8 8
0.0 29. 27. 66. 30. 44. 88. 12171. 447.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 31.9 3.7 32.2 52.1 671.0 316.5 894.7
0 6 0 6 7 9 2 3 2
0.0 51. 55. 28. 155. 32. 18. 74. 1656.
Productos metlicos 0.41 0.341 1.25 7.54 2.0 0.9 6.4 0.00 55.8 5.5 39.6 3.3 91.3 273.7 212.1 0.0
0 3 4 7 3 4 3 3 2
0.0 26. 26. 64. 64. 64.
Mega 0.00 0.000 n.d. 0.00 0.0 52.6 n.d. 0.03 0.0 26.5 n.d. 26.9 16.6 n.d. 43.0 49.1 n.d. 43.0 43.0
0 9 9 3 3 3
0.0 69. 26. 45. 118. 37. 18. 18. 66.
Grande 0.58 0.534 1.55 4.09 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.00 0.9 78.2 45.9 233.4 329.6 266.2 27.7 776.5
0 2 9 3 2 4 7 3 0
0.0 15. 62. 30. 28. 155. 30. 17. 66.
Mediana 0.10 0.062 0.44 1.92 2.2 1.8 4.1 0.00 66.1 37.7 7.2 121.2 332.8 105.2 4.4 323.6
0 1 2 2 2 3 2 6 3
0.0 38. 31. 114. 37. 22. 13. 74.
Pequea 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.7 0.5 1.4 0.00 4.5 38.1 5.5 34.1 65.7 148.1 93.1 11.5 324.5
0 9 4 1 3 1 4 3
0.0 42.9 18. 51. 17. 24. 52. 14. 26. 81. 551. 1146 5161
Total Mega 2.21 0.228 9.59 4.6 7.3 5.7 0.00 43.3 84.1 57.1 347.1 40.3
0 3 3 2 9 3 4 2 3 1 1 .7 .0
0.0 17. 59. 30. 23. 217. 45. 15. 12. 79. 330. 407. 2183
Total Grande 0.34 0.004 0.99 5.03 1.3 1.7 2.7 0.00 53.9 17.1 252.5 14.0
0 8 5 4 4 4 3 5 0 6 2 4 .7
0.0 12.8 33. 52. 34. 312. 39. 20. 93. 170. 218. 1591
Total Mediana 0.35 0.027 1.47 1.8 0.0 4.4 0.00 52.7 0.5 58.4 2.6 263.4 1.4
0 2 9 6 8 6 2 6 0 4 2 .6
0.0 51. 37. 36. 220. 39. 22. 92. 192. 397. 2301
Total Pequea 0.04 0.020 0.38 3.96 2.7 1.6 8.7 0.00 42.2 0.1 55.6 1.3 265.3 0.8
0 3 0 5 2 3 7 6 9 0 .4
0.0 42.9 51. 48. 34. 312. 41. 20. 93. 143. 297. 2994
Total 0.36 0.250 2.54 2.1 2.2 6.0 0.00 48.8 0.1 53.6 1.3 367.3 0.0
0 3 3 8 6 6 8 3 0 4 4 .0
Fuente: CONCYTE-INEI (2004). INEI (2005). Elaboracin propia. Los estratos son sacados por el nmero de trabajadores segn CONCYTEC, mega empresa para ms de 500 trabajadores,
grande para menos de 500 y ms de 100 trabajadores, mediana para menos de 100 y ms de 20 trabajadores, y pequea empresa para 20 trabajadores o menos. El nmero de empresas
de la muestra es 339, 21 mega, 84 grandes, 124 medianas y 110 pequeas empresas. Los indicadores en % son promedios ponderados de los ratios de todas las empresas. 1P es abreviacin
de promedio simple, PP es promedio ponderado, es desviacin estndar, Min. Es abreviacin del valor mnimo, Mx. es abreviacin del valor mximo. 2 En miles.
76
CUADRO No A6B
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005
Tamao y Endeudamiento Recursos Intangibles
Descripci A2 L PAS/PAT (%) Aos X/V (%) W/G
n1 M M M M M
P Mn Mx P Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P P PP P PP Mx
n x n x n
Alimentos y tabaco
Molinera y 16. 10. 35. 45. 14. 49. 212.
40.4 126.3 0.8 532.6 34.3 70.8 3.0 316.0 84.2 29.8 81.3 10.9 277.7 5.0 0.1 1.5 0.2 0.0 0.7 9.3
Panadera 0 0 0 5 3 9 2
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
n.d 11. 11. 11.
Grande 532.6 n.d. 532.6 532.6 316.0 n.d. 316.0 316.0 23.5 23.5 n.d. 23.5 23.5 7.0 n.d. 7.0 7.0 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.4 n.d. 11.4
. 4 4 4
22. 17. 30. 43. 17. 26. 15.
Mediana 63.8 105.3 2.6 185.3 47.7 39.3 24.0 93.0 58.6 46.8 16.8 45.0 77.4 7.0 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.0 0.7 69.1
0 0 0 7 4 8 7
14. 10. 35. 36. 37. 34. 123.
Pequea 3.2 1.2 0.9 5.2 12.8 4.4 3.0 18.0 66.7 52.4 60.3 10.9 206.1 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.3
0 0 0 8 8 1 9
Bebidas y 1630. 5740. 2541. 125. 25. 19. 69.
706.6 5.5 284.0 717.0 12.0 115.7 109.4 3.1 330.3 7.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 8.4 8.0 3.7 1.6 13.6
tabaco 8 9 0 3 0 0 0
5740. 5740. 5740. 2541. 2541. 2541. 160. n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. 160.5 63.0 n.d. 160.5 8.0 n.d. 8.0 8.0 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 8.3 8.3 n.d. 8.3 8.3
9 9 9 0 0 0 5 .
1079. 37. 25. 69.
Grande 625.4 485.2 112.1 178.0 106.0 110.0 336.0 153.6 76.6 150.9 20.7 330.3 9.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 8.3 7.4 3.8 4.8 13.6
8 0 0 0
24. 17. 42.
Mediana 49.3 56.4 14.3 114.3 30.0 14.0 20.0 46.0 82.8 97.9 48.9 27.1 118.6 8.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.2 5.6 2.8 4.6 10.1
0 0 0
19. 13. 33.
Pequea 22.1 22.1 5.5 54.3 16.0 2.9 12.0 19.0 91.4 25.3 122.7 3.1 270.0 7.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 9.4 5.5 5.2 1.6 12.4
0 0 0
Manufacturas Tradicionales
Fabr. de 2926. 2127. 121. 22. 15. 61. 32. 29. 13.
516.4 733.8 2.4 234.0 387.0 0.0 340.9 876.3 3.1 4485.1 5.0 9.0 9.0 0.0 9.3 8.8 2.1 42.6
textiles 1 0 7 0 0 0 5 6 2
1909. 2926. 2127. 26. 21. 57. 13. 37. 27.
Mega 864.4 968.2 963.0 666.0 541.0 280.6 95.0 379.2 77.2 957.6 7.0 8.6 5.9 9.5 9.1 3.3 4.6 12.2
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 4
1624. 107. 1206. 26. 13. 51. 33. 29. 14. 12.
Grande 497.0 470.7 26.8 224.0 92.7 104.0 370.0 477.9 49.5 4485.1 7.0 8.9 9.0 0.0 9.2 3.1 42.6
8 3 8 0 0 0 2 6 6 0
25. 16. 61. 10. 17. 10. 24. 15. 11.
Mediana 207.5 276.8 14.9 876.4 68.7 23.2 25.0 98.0 94.9 90.5 49.4 24.1 175.6 6.0 0.0 7.7 4.1 26.6
0 0 0 4 8 7 6 1 5
12. 17. 19. 11.
Pequea 79.4 194.5 2.4 595.9 8.6 5.6 0.0 18.0 422.4 65.2 996.1 3.1 3068.9 5.0 5.0 5.7 8.5 7.7 0.0 7.8 5.9 2.1 19.4
0 0 8 1
Fabr.
1420. 2468. 17. 13. 50. 10. 67. 11. 28. 25. 24. 26. 118.
prendas de 260.4 457.0 1.3 450.0 838.0 5.0 134.8 89.2 119.9 22.0 383.9 6.0 0.0 3.6
5 0 0 0 0 1 5 2 6 8 6 0 0
vestir
1086. 2246. 2023. 2468. 18. 17. 18. 26. 76. 24. 28. 27. 25. 22.
Mega 880.7 290.9 675.0 315.0 192.1 49.7 134.9 96.7 287.5 1.0 3.2 8.4 33.8
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 1 6 9 7 0
1420. 15. 13. 24. 10. 57. 13. 19. 24. 19. 17.
Grande 793.3 887.1 166.0 390.0 77.8 335.0 445.0 171.3 94.1 123.4 84.1 258.5 6.0 1.4 9.3 31.1
5 0 0 0 6 6 0 8 5 3 9
113. 17. 11. 32. 13. 39. 11. 27. 45. 67. 48. 14. 118.
Mediana 34.0 23.1 11.8 65.4 61.3 22.9 38.0 91.0 119.5 144.4 38.2 335.9 8.0 0.0
3 0 0 0 5 9 3 7 2 0 9 5 0
16. 14. 50. 15. 22. 16. 11. 13.
Pequea 5.5 4.3 1.3 13.7 11.4 5.3 5.0 19.0 133.0 78.5 126.2 22.0 383.9 6.0 3.3 8.0 0.0 3.6 39.5
0 0 0 9 8 1 6 3
Fabr. de 151. 45. 18. 32. 58. 49. 10. 16.
80.0 87.8 17.9 142.1 11.5 5.0 8.0 15.0 128.9 45.3 96.8 161.0 9.5 2.2 6.6 3.1 6.4 2.1 11.1
cueros 8 0 0 0 0 0 3 8
77
CUADRO No A6B
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005
Tamao y Endeudamiento Recursos Intangibles
Descripci A2 L PAS/PAT (%) Aos X/V (%) W/G
n1 M M M M M
P Mn Mx P Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P P PP P PP Mx
n x n x n
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mediana n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
151. 45. 18. 32. 58. 49. 10. 16.
Pequea 80.0 87.8 17.9 142.1 11.5 5.0 8.0 15.0 128.9 45.3 96.8 161.0 9.5 2.2 6.6 3.1 6.4 2.1 11.1
8 0 0 0 0 0 3 8
Fabr. de 123. 11. 10. 11. 33. 30. 17. 21.
13.3 4.2 10.4 16.3 58.0 39.6 30.0 86.0 352.1 420.6 54.7 649.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 46.0
calzado 9 0 0 0 5 8 6 1
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Grande n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
123. 11. 10. 11. 33. 30. 17. 21.
Mediana 13.3 4.2 10.4 16.3 58.0 39.6 30.0 86.0 352.1 420.6 54.7 649.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 46.0
9 0 0 0 5 8 6 1
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
Indust.
1338. 107. 25. 19. 61. 28. 24. 13. 10.
madera y 272.7 500.1 8.3 94.3 166.0 4.0 578.0 316.5 641.0 23.7 2230.1 3.0 7.7 9.9 0.0 9.9 2.9 33.5
5 7 0 0 0 5 2 7 3
mueble
1338. 1338. 1338. 38. 38. 38. n.d 12. 12. 12.
Mega n.d. 578.0 n.d. 578.0 578.0 99.4 16.8 n.d. 99.4 99.4 n.d. 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.4 n.d. 12.9
5 5 5 0 0 0 . 9 9 9
1221. 129. 126. 40. 14. 30. 50. 12. 69. 17. 24. 18. 20.
Grande 644.7 815.3 68.2 120.0 19.8 106.0 134.0 169.3 61.2 212.6 0.0 5.5 3.9 33.5
1 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 1 2 7 9
31. 29. 61. 17. 20. 10.
Mediana 77.6 64.7 26.6 150.3 56.7 14.2 47.0 73.0 143.9 70.0 157.2 43.0 325.0 3.0 2.6 5.4 4.5 0.0 7.8 5.6 24.9
0 0 0 6 0 5
14. 11. 27. 10. 32. 10. 23.
Pequea 27.9 22.5 8.3 63.9 9.8 4.6 4.0 14.0 522.5 81.8 957.0 23.7 2230.1 4.0 0.0 9.4 5.6 7.2 2.9 17.7
0 0 0 6 9 4 9
Impresin y 1524. 104. 19. 12. 56. 19. 15.
197.7 352.3 3.2 142.0 204.0 6.0 707.0 290.5 520.4 4.2 2517.1 6.0 0.6 9.6 1.7 0.0 7.4 8.6 6.9 35.7
edicin 1 4 0 0 0 0 0
118. 26. 25. 43. 23. 22. 13. 13.
Mega 384.0 60.0 341.6 426.5 619.0 125.0 530.0 707.0 240.9 23.8 172.8 363.1 8.0 2.0 4.7 2.8 0.0 4.0 32.9
7 0 0 0 2 1 8 4
1524. 106. 18. 26. 14. 16. 13.
Grande 534.8 583.0 44.1 282.0 169.0 101.0 470.0 183.0 122.4 27.1 328.2 7.0 7.0 1.7 3.2 0.0 7.4 9.0 7.4 27.8
1 1 0 0 0 6 3
17. 10. 32. 21. 13. 10.
Mediana 115.1 217.2 9.6 605.0 50.9 24.0 28.0 85.0 565.0 57.6 881.7 30.2 2517.1 6.0 0.2 1.6 0.3 0.0 0.7 8.5 35.7
0 0 0 0 5 7
103. 21. 15. 13. 56. 18. 16.
Pequea 14.1 6.1 6.8 23.1 14.9 4.3 6.0 19.0 145.0 144.0 4.2 421.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.9 6.9 33.1
4 0 0 0 0 3 3
Prod.
23. 12. 43. 10. 30. 20. 19. 10.
Manufact. 42.2 54.7 2.3 173.4 38.4 51.5 9.0 159.0 165.4 79.6 228.1 40.3 724.7 8.0 4.1 5.8 0.0 7.3 36.7
0 0 0 8 8 6 6 7
Diversos
n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. nd nd nd nd n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. nd nd nd nd n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . .
n.d 18. 18. 18.
Grande 173.4 n.d. 173.4 173.4 159.0 n.d. 159.0 159.0 77.2 77.5 n.d. 77.2 77.2 8.0 n.d. 8.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n.d. 18.9
. 9 9 9
78
CUADRO No A6B
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005
Tamao y Endeudamiento Recursos Intangibles
Descripci A2 L PAS/PAT (%) Aos X/V (%) W/G
n1 M M M M M
P Mn Mx P Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P P PP P PP Mx
n x n x n
118. 107. 18. 12. 23. 16. 41. 20. 30. 27. 26. 25.
Mediana 28.7 17.7 16.2 41.2 40.5 29.0 20.0 61.0 115.1 10.4 122.4 8.0 1.7 3.1 29.4
1 8 0 0 0 3 9 6 8 2 2 0
28. 12. 43. 18. 17. 13.
Pequea 21.4 15.3 2.3 35.1 13.4 3.2 9.0 17.0 203.2 67.0 293.3 40.3 724.7 9.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.3 36.7
0 0 0 3 0 0
Tecnolgicos
Qumicos 2920. 149. 29. 18. 52. 35. 26. 10.
497.0 931.2 3.2 103.0 83.0 7.0 245.0 156.3 171.9 4.1 615.6 7.0 6.9 8.9 0.0 5.4 5.3 2.9 23.2
bsicos 7 0 0 0 0 7 2 0
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
1415. 1353. 2920. 154. 33. 17. 47. 34. 19.
Grande 118.4 214.0 27.3 179.0 245.0 139.4 75.0 35.6 195.7 8.0 7.5 8.1 1.4 6.7 4.5 3.5 2.9 10.7
3 2 7 0 0 0 0 6 1
119. 34. 17. 52. 40. 10. 26. 11. 11.
Mediana 113.1 60.6 39.9 206.5 67.1 28.6 20.0 99.0 204.5 217.4 4.1 615.6 7.0 8.6 0.0 6.0 6.9 23.2
9 0 0 0 7 3 2 5 6
11. 10.
Pequea 3.9 0.9 3.2 4.6 9.0 2.8 7.0 11.0 21.0 20.3 5.3 17.3 24.7 8.0 0.0 8.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.4 8.3 14.5
4 9
Farmac. y
150. 2843. 10767. 32. 12. 48. 29. 23. 14. 11.
medicament 205.1 248.6 2.1 660.7 200.0 196.0 17.0 552.0 896.7 31.4 8.0 0.9 6.3 1.5 0.0 4.7 55.1
0 1 9 0 0 0 4 3 4 3
os
111. 100. 44. 44. 44. 10. n.d 29. 29. 29.
Mega 500.7 n.d. 500.7 500.7 552.0 n.d. 552.0 552.0 100.8 n.d. 100.8 n.d. 3.2 3.2 3.2 n.d. 29.5
5 8 0 0 0 2 . 5 5 5
172. 146. 38. 30. 48. 23. 20. 11. 16.
Grande 431.1 226.5 190.5 660.7 376.0 83.2 290.0 491.0 207.0 103.5 390.3 8.0 1.1 5.8 2.0 0.0 4.7 42.9
2 0 0 0 0 4 9 2 4
1626. 102. 4032. 10767. 29. 14. 45. 30. 32. 14. 11.
Mediana 30.5 11.2 13.7 47.4 50.0 20.2 23.0 70.0 44.6 8.0 0.5 2.2 0.9 0.0 1.9 45.7
6 7 1 9 0 0 0 1 8 9 3
19. 19. 19. n.d 55. 55. 55.
Pequea 2.1 n.d. 2.1 2.1 17.0 n.d. 17.0 17.0 31.4 31.4 n.d. 31.4 31.4 n.d. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n.d. 55.1
0 0 0 . 1 1 1
Otros Prod. 21. 18. 73. 18. 14. 18.
130.2 221.8 1.9 781.0 76.1 131.0 6.0 542.0 177.1 86.1 242.5 7.3 1030.5 0.0 1.2 6.8 1.9 0.0 6.6 2.4 96.5
Qumicos 0 0 0 5 5 9
166. 52. 52. 52. 21. n.d 15. 15. 15.
Mega 781.0 n.d. 781.0 781.0 542.0 n.d. 542.0 542.0 166.1 10.9 n.d. 166.1 n.d. 6.6 6.6 6.6 n.d. 15.8
1 0 0 0 1 . 8 8 8
42. 28. 17. 73. 15. 15. 10.
Grande 525.7 41.2 478.3 553.2 281.0 46.3 228.0 315.0 66.2 64.7 14.9 55.9 83.2 0.7 2.0 0.3 0.4 1.0 4.2 19.1
0 0 0 0 5 4 9
13. 30. 12. 11.
Mediana 85.2 108.3 14.5 359.8 42.8 22.7 20.0 82.0 250.1 74.6 363.0 43.8 1030.5 8.0 5.0 1.4 6.7 1.6 0.0 5.2 5.4 8.3 25.8
0 0 8 6
109. 20. 17. 55. 23. 13. 26.
Pequea 10.8 9.2 1.9 28.6 11.1 3.3 6.0 15.0 151.0 154.8 7.3 588.3 0.0 0.7 1.6 1.7 0.0 5.4 2.4 96.5
6 0 0 0 8 3 3
Constr.
100. 20. 16. 50. 12. 26. 11. 36. 112.
Maq. no 256.2 358.1 2.5 969.8 151.0 163.0 6.0 400.0 181.4 169.1 41.3 477.4 8.0 1.8 2.6 0.0 7.3 4.3
1 0 0 0 5 7 8 2 9
Elctrica
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
28. 21. 50. 12. 18. 11. 12.
Grande 506.5 363.6 97.7 969.8 287.0 113.0 131.0 400.0 106.0 99.9 121.1 41.3 287.6 8.0 3.5 2.9 0.4 7.3 4.3 33.2
0 0 0 6 0 6 2
117. 117. n.d
Mediana 3.6 n.d. 3.6 3.6 25.0 n.d. 25.0 25.0 117.1 n.d. 117.1 9.0 n.d. 9.0 9.0 0.7 2.2 0.7 0.7 4.5 4.5 n.d. 4.5 4.5
1 1 .
Pequea 6.7 5.5 2.5 12.9 12.3 5.7 6.0 17.0 303.3 128. 205.9 75.9 477.4 13. 3.0 10. 16. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45. 26. 58. 7.5 112.
79
CUADRO No A6B
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005
Tamao y Endeudamiento Recursos Intangibles
Descripci A2 L PAS/PAT (%) Aos X/V (%) W/G
n1 M M M M M
P Mn Mx P Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P P PP P PP Mx
n x n x n
8 0 0 0 6 0 5 9
Maquinaria 1470. 28. 15. 53. 24. 10. 19. 13.
219.1 446.1 10.5 79.1 87.9 15.0 316.0 63.6 58.3 40.8 14.8 158.9 5.0 1.7 3.6 0.0 9.4 4.9 44.0
elctrica 3 0 0 0 5 3 4 6
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
1470. 38. 21. 23. 53. 29. 10.
Grande 819.6 920.2 168.9 208.0 153.0 100.0 316.0 66.4 64.5 3.4 64.0 68.8 5.2 7.3 0.0 5.9 6.7 1.4 4.9 6.9
3 0 0 0 0 8 3
27. 14. 45. 24. 17. 12.
Mediana 76.3 81.7 10.5 248.8 51.4 24.2 20.0 80.0 69.8 43.5 45.3 17.4 158.9 5.0 0.9 1.5 2.2 0.0 5.9 8.9 44.0
0 0 0 9 7 6
10. 10. 10. n.d
Pequea 17.8 n.d. 17.8 17.8 15.0 n.d. 15.0 15.0 14.8 14.8 n.d. 14.8 14.8 n.d. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.6 7.6 n.d. 7.6 7.6
0 0 0 .
Constr.
40. 14. 14. 59. 15. 13.
Material 223.1 159.7 29.3 479.9 122.0 64.6 44.0 234.0 165.8 64.2 267.1 19.0 870.5 2.3 8.4 3.1 0.0 7.8 7.7 7.5 28.4
0 0 0 0 7 5
Transp.
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
42. 17. 14. 59. 15. 19. 16. 12.
Grande 224.2 143.8 29.3 407.4 156.0 49.9 115.0 234.0 81.0 75.3 37.4 23.1 120.4 3.5 3.3 0.0 7.8 6.5 28.4
0 0 0 0 2 5 3 4
37. 31. 40.
Mediana 220.8 224.3 89.4 479.9 54.3 13.1 44.0 69.0 335.4 45.4 466.0 19.0 870.5 5.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 8.2 7.9 1.0 7.5 9.3
0 0 0
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
Procesados de Minerales y otros
Caucho y 1475. 106. 24. 15. 62. 16. 25. 13. 10. 11.
188.4 298.5 4.5 67.1 86.4 2.0 417.0 163.2 140.6 12.5 729.2 3.0 2.2 4.6 0.0 1.2 50.8
plstico 5 4 0 0 0 9 0 8 1 4
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
1475. 36. 18. 62. 21. 17. 11. 14.
Grande 571.1 458.0 55.3 217.0 111.0 107.0 417.0 129.7 91.5 90.2 32.2 331.4 9.0 4.6 3.1 0.0 9.0 6.0 50.8
5 0 0 0 0 7 9 6
117. 22. 13. 48. 17. 25. 15. 11.
Mediana 112.5 194.9 13.5 974.8 46.2 23.1 20.0 92.0 157.6 156.8 12.5 729.2 5.0 2.4 5.7 0.0 9.3 2.3 46.1
9 0 0 0 0 0 2 6
155. 20. 14. 43.
Pequea 91.2 100.3 4.5 320.8 10.6 5.9 2.0 19.0 197.3 134.3 16.7 429.0 3.0 0.3 1.8 0.5 0.0 1.3 8.2 4.4 6.6 1.2 23.4
9 0 0 0
Fabricacin 1447. 28. 15. 50. 12.
310.1 490.7 3.5 113.0 117.0 6.0 327.0 119.7 91.2 151.8 12.2 582.3 8.0 0.9 6.2 1.6 0.0 4.4 8.4 7.5 3.7 25.4
de papel 8 0 0 0 4
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Mega n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
1447. 33. 17. 10. 50. 11.
Grande 678.1 652.6 79.6 224.0 109.0 100.0 327.0 113.6 33.0 78.9 38.0 205.3 1.4 6.4 1.7 0.1 4.3 7.6 8.4 3.8 25.4
8 0 0 0 0 0
20. 14. 39. 16. 18.
Mediana 72.5 62.3 19.5 161.0 45.0 31.0 20.0 84.0 167.1 27.1 277.3 12.2 582.3 8.0 1.1 5.2 2.2 0.0 4.4 8.9 3.7 24.6
0 0 0 1 1
25. 11. 18. 38.
Pequea 9.4 5.1 3.5 13.2 10.0 3.6 6.0 13.0 75.9 55.4 51.4 18.6 117.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.0 7.2 5.1 4.9 14.7
0 0 0 0
Fabric.
1019. 2049. 7200. 26. 18. 63. 22. 16. 13.
Prod. no 2.6 181.0 208.0 6.0 562.0 187.4 58.2 304.1 20.3 1435.1 7.0 2.2 6.6 5.2 0.0 5.1 1.8 60.5
5 2 6 0 0 0 5 3 4
Metal.
80
CUADRO No A6B
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005
Tamao y Endeudamiento Recursos Intangibles
Descripci A2 L PAS/PAT (%) Aos X/V (%) W/G
n1 M M M M M
P Mn Mx P Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P P PP P PP Mx
n x n x n
3669. 3775. 7200. 37. 18. 11. 50. 11.
Mega 242.5 530.0 33.1 501.0 562.0 53.0 44.3 23.7 23.7 77.7 2.3 7.2 2.1 0.0 4.9 4.3 9.2 3.4 20.9
0 1 6 0 0 0 0 4
1083. 1018. 3227. 33. 18. 57. 10.
Grande 364.2 245.0 120.0 105.0 444.0 151.9 81.1 147.5 42.5 467.1 9.0 2.2 5.1 3.8 0.0 9.7 6.3 6.5 1.8 18.2
7 1 3 0 0 0 2
111. 111. 48. 22. 32. 63. 11. 60. 15. 22. 12. 11.
Mediana 49.4 56.6 9.4 89.4 21.0 1.4 20.0 22.0 112.7 1.9 114.0 0.0 6.0 4.4 20.6
6 3 0 0 0 0 3 5 9 5 5 4
12. 16. 24. 24. 16.
Pequea 7.5 5.4 2.6 19.6 12.8 4.1 6.0 19.0 291.3 86.4 450.0 20.3 1435.1 3.0 7.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0 1.0 5.8 60.5
0 0 5 2 2
1046. 1978. 5057. 27. 20. 58. 10. 11.
Siderurgia 22.9 287.0 368.0 50.0 993.0 103.2 63.1 70.1 23.3 199.4 8.0 4.1 8.7 3.8 0.0 8.9 5.2 6.3 20.5
2 8 7 0 0 0 1 5
5057. 5057. 5057. n.d
Mega n.d. 993.0 n.d. 993.0 993.0 55.8 40.8 n.d. 55.8 55.8 8.0 n.d. 8.0 8.0 2.1 6.8 2.1 2.1 8.7 8.7 n.d. 8.7 8.7
7 7 7 .
48. 15. 37. 58. 30. 10.
Grande 316.4 309.2 97.7 535.0 272.0 158.0 160.0 384.0 128.4 69.8 100.4 57.4 199.4 8.6 2.2 7.0 8.0 9.2 2.4 6.3 9.8
0 0 0 0 3 1
155. 20. 15. 11. 37. 11. 14.
Mediana 195.7 279.3 22.9 518.0 61.0 12.1 50.0 74.0 102.3 74.1 23.3 170.2 1.8 1.9 0.0 3.8 9.9 5.7 9.0 20.5
3 0 0 0 0 3 7
n.d n.d n.d n.d n.d
Pequea n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
. . . . .
Transf.
1495. 3211. 9365. 1044. 3031. 300. 21. 12. 42. 11. 69. 11. 27. 15. 12. 15.
Metal no 14.7 466.0 0.0 173.4 135.1 55.9 415.5 8.0 0.0 6.6 51.5
3 5 2 0 0 7 0 0 0 8 7 5 9 2 8 1
Ferroso
9365. 9365. 9365. 3031. 3031. 3031. 353. 22. 70. n.d 22. 22. 14. 14. 14.
Mega n.d. n.d. 353.8 20.7 n.d. 353.8 8.0 n.d. 8.0 8.0 n.d. 14.3
2 2 2 0 0 0 8 0 2 . 0 0 3 3 3
1265. 145. 37. 31. 42. 23. 79. 20. 27.
Grande 759.2 715.7 253.1 270.0 170.0 150.0 390.0 125.0 51.0 89.0 161.1 8.0 5.6 7.6 6.9 1.4 6.6 8.6
3 7 0 0 0 9 6 0 9
109. 15. 12. 20. 26. 21. 22. 11.
Mediana 29.7 21.3 14.7 54.0 48.3 13.1 38.0 63.0 104.0 22.3 80.7 125.1 4.0 1.9 5.9 2.1 0.7 4.3 51.5
9 0 0 0 1 3 0 6
271. 20. 16. 31. 58. 13. 19.
Pequea 494.7 465.9 165.3 824.2 6.5 9.2 0.0 13.0 235.7 254.3 55.9 415.5 9.0 9.5 0.0 6.9 6.9 0.1 6.8 6.9
6 0 0 0 1 5 1
Productos 1470. 27. 16. 71. 12. 30. 20. 11. 18. 112.
149.6 252.5 1.3 82.0 98.4 5.0 513.0 175.6 97.0 224.0 10.6 1085.0 5.0 1.5 4.2 0.0 2.6
Metlicos 3 0 0 0 1 8 6 1 6 9
331. 374. 27. 27. 27. n.d 39. 39. 39.
Mega 158.4 n.d. 158.4 158.4 513.0 n.d. 513.0 513.0 374.5 n.d. 374.5 n.d. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n.d. 39.9
2 5 0 0 0 . 9 9 9
173. 31. 21. 71. 17. 12.
Grande 321.1 325.6 51.3 997.6 155.0 50.0 110.0 262.0 184.7 102.4 42.0 306.3 9.0 1.4 4.5 1.4 0.0 3.1 8.7 2.9 31.5
3 0 0 0 4 3
111. 27. 14. 10. 55. 10. 20. 17.
Mediana 92.2 127.2 3.4 431.2 44.1 17.7 20.0 82.0 221.5 301.3 10.6 1085.0 0.7 1.1 2.3 0.0 8.9 3.4 71.9
1 0 0 0 0 2 0 7
145. 20. 13. 44. 24. 11. 23.
Pequea 12.4 18.3 1.3 63.0 13.3 4.4 5.0 19.0 120.1 97.2 23.6 285.6 6.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.5 2.6 83.4
1 0 0 0 4 1 4
2242. 2674. 158. 9365. 1045. 800. 501. 3031. 182. 108. 213. 23. 29. 17. 57. 28. 28. 17. 10. 10.
Total Mega 957.6 7.0 9.2 9.7 0.0 3.4 39.9
5 8 4 2 0 0 0 0 7 3 8 5 0 0 0 8 6 0 2 5
Total 3227. 109. 100. 191. 102. 486. 20. 4485. 32. 17. 73. 36. 29. 14. 11. 10.
594.7 610.7 26.8 231.0 491.0 6.0 4.7 6.7 0.0 1.8 50.8
Grande 3 0 0 5 5 4 7 1 0 0 0 6 6 9 3 3
Total 271. 999. 10767 24. 14. 63. 31. 30. 19. 11. 16. 118.
98.1 153.6 2.6 974.8 50.0 23.0 20.0 99.0 91.4 4.1 3.0 3.1 6.8 0.0 2.3
Mediana 7 8 .9 0 0 0 7 8 3 3 2 0
Total 198. 131. 391. 3068. 18. 13. 58. 27. 23. 21. 10. 28. 212.
35.7 104.2 0.8 824.2 12.0 5.0 0.0 19.0 3.1 0.0 1.7 5.0 0.0 1.2
Pequea 1 1 3 9 0 0 0 3 9 2 9 2 2
81
CUADRO No A6B
Indicadores de los Factores Empresariales Determinantes de la Rentabilidad para una Muestra de Empresas Manufactureras, 2005
Tamao y Endeudamiento Recursos Intangibles
Descripci A2 L PAS/PAT (%) Aos X/V (%) W/G
n1 M M M M M
P Mn Mx P Mn Mx P PP Mn Mx P P PP P PP Mx
n x n x n
9365. 339. 3031. 221. 104. 686. 10767 24. 16. 73. 27. 30. 18. 10. 19. 212.
Total 343.6 934.3 0.8 149.0 0.0 3.1 0.0 3.4 6.7 0.0 1.2
2 0 0 9 6 8 .9 0 0 0 0 8 7 0 8 2
Fuente: Fuente: CONCYTE-INEI (2004). INEI (2005). Elaboracin propia. Los estratos son sacados por el nmero de trabajadores segn CONCYTEC , mega empresa para ms de 500
trabajadores, grande para menos de 500 y ms de 100 trabajadores, mediana para menos de 100 y ms de 20 trabajadores, y pequea empresa para 20 trabajadores o menos. El nmero
de empresas de la muestra es 339, 21 mega, 84 grandes, 124 medianas y 110 pequeas empresas. Los indicadores en % son promedios ponderados de los ratios de todas las empresas. 1P
es abreviacin de promedio, PP es promedio ponderado, es desviacin estndar, Min. Es abreviacin del valor mnimo, Mx. es abreviacin del valor mximo. 2 Ratio capital por trabajador,
capital medido en valor real de maquinaria a precios de 1994. 3En miles.
CUADRO No A7A
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR1 al IR5, Mtodo de Mnimos Cuadrados Ordinarios
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Sin DINN
Pos
Neg Pos .
Pos. Neg. Pos. Pos. Neg. Neg. Pos. Neg. Neg.
. . Sig
Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig.
Sig. Sig. .
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
(%) (%) (%
)
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A 0.3 2.0** 20.0 0.0 0.2 1.9** 20.0 0.0 0.3 1.6* 20.0 0.0 0.2 1.9** 20.0 0.0 0.3 1.6* 20.0 0.0 0.3 1.6* 20.0 0.0
Dcoor 0.5E-3 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-3 0.4E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.7E-2 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.009 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0
DINN1((pro
-0.1 0.2E-2 0.0 10.0 -0.3E-1 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0
d)
DINN2(org
0.3E-3 0.2** 40.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1+ 40.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1+ 40.0 0.0
)
INN/G 0.1 0.4 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.5* 70.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 60.0 0.0 0.1 0.5* 70.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 60.0 0.0 0.1* 0.5* 80.0 0.0
INT-TIC1 -0.2E-3 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0
INT-TIC2 -0.2E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0
Recursos Intangibles
X/V -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0
W/G 0.1 0.3 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 80.0 0.0
Recursos Tangibles
PAS/PAT -0.3E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
-0.2E- -0.4E-
A/V -0.2*** -0.2E-1 0.0 70.0 -0.2*** -0.1E-2 0.0 70.0 -0.2***
1
0.0 70.0 -0.2*** 0.2E-2 0.0 60.0 -0.2*** -0.2E-1 0.0 70.0
-0.2*** 2 0.0 70.0
-0.2E- -0.3E-
AF/AT -0.2 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 10.0 -0.2
1
0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 10.0 -0.2 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0
-0.2* 1 0.0 40.0
Aos -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2+ 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2+ 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 0.0
Tamao
A 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0
-0.6E- -0.2E- -0.6E- -0.5E- -0.1E-
L -0.6E-4 -0.2E-4 0.0 0.0 -0.6E-4 -0.2E-4 0.0 0.0
4* 4
0.0 10.0 -0.6E-4 -0.2E-4 0.0 0.0
4*
-0.2E-4 0.0 10.0
4* 4 0.0 10.0
Sectores
82
-0.1E-
D1 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
2 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2** 20.0 0.0
-0.2E-
D3 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
1 0.1 0.0 0.0
0.3**
C -0.1 0.3** 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.3** 50.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3** 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.3** 50.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3** 50.0 0.0
0.4E-2 * 60.0 0.0
R2-adj 0.4E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.4E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.4E-1 0.1 0.5E-1 0.1
F 1.4 3.1 1.5 3.3 1.5 3.3 1.6 3.6 1.5 3.5 2.4 3.7
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero de
observaciones de la muestra es de 317. Los clculos se hacen sobre la base de 10 ecuaciones; slo en el caso de DTIC1 y DTIC2 se toman 5 ecuaciones para c/u.
CUADRO No A7B
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR6 al IR9, Mtodo de Mnimos Cuadrados Ordinarios
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Sin DINN
Pos Ne
Ne Pos
. g.
Pos. g. Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg. . Neg. Pos. Neg.
Sig Sig
Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max
. .
(%) (% (%) (%) (%) (%) (% (%) (%) (%)
(% (%
) )
) )
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.5E-1 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.0
Dcoor 0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.4E-1+ 12.5 0.0
DINN1((pro
-0.2E-1 0.1E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.2E-1 12.5 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.2E-1* 37.5 0.0
d)
0.4E-
DINN2(org) -0.1E-2 0.3E-1 ++
37.5 0.0 -0.1E-1
1**
50.0 0.0 -0.7E-2+ 0.4E-1** 62.5 0.0
INN/G 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.1* 0.3 75.0 0.0 0.2* 0.3 75.0 0.0
INT-TIC1 -0.1E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.0001 0.0001 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0
INT-TIC2 -0.3E-3 0.4E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.0003 0.0004 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.5E-3+ 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0
Recursos Intangibles
X/V -0.3* -0.2E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.2E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.2E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.3E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.3E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.4E-1 0.0 50.0
W/G -0.2** 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0
83
Recursos Tangibles
PAS/PAT -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0
A/V -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1++ 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1++ 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0
AF/AT -0.1* 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 12.5 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 37.5
Aos -0.1E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.4E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0
Tamao
0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.4E-
A 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7*
7***
87.5 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
87.5 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
87.5 0.0
0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0
-0.5E- -0.5E- -0.5E- -0.3E- -0.5E- -0.5E-
L 4++
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 0.0
4+
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 0.0
4++ 4+
0.0 12.5
4+
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 0.0
4++
-0.3E-4+ 0.0 25.0
-0.4E-4* -0.3E-4 0.0 50.0
Sectores
D1 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D3 -0.5E-3 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-2 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-2 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
C -0.4E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0
R2-adj 0.2E-1 0.1 0.2E-1 0.1 0.2E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.1 0.1
F 1.4 2.8 1.5 2.7 1.5 3 1.6 2.9 1.5 3.1 2.6 3.6
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero de
observaciones de la muestra es de 317. Los clculos se hacen sobre la base de 8 ecuaciones; slo en el caso de DTIC1 y DTIC2 se toman 4 ecuaciones para c/u.
CUADRO No A8A
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR1 al IR5, Mtodo de MCO con Probabilidades de Innovacin
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Slo c/ DINN1 o DINN2
Pos Ne
Pos Ne
. g.
Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg. Neg. Pos. Pos. Neg. . g.
Sig Sig
Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig.
. .
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (% (%
(% (%
) )
) )
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A -2.2 3.7*** 20.0 0.0 -2.1 2.1 0.0 10.0 0.3E-1 1.6 0.0 0.0 -1.2 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.0
Dcoor -0.1 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.4E-1 -0.1E-1 0.0 0.0
P(DINN1) -0.3* 0.4 0.0 20.0 -0.1 0.3 50.0 0.0 -0.4E- 0.2 30.0 0.0 0.1*** 0.2** 80.0 0.0
84
1
P(DINN2) -0.3E-1 0.4* 10.0 0.0 0.5E-1 0.3 30.0 0.0 0.4E-1 0.3 30.0 0.0 0.1*** 0.4* 80.0 0.0
-0.4E-
INN/G -0.4E-1 0.4 0.0 0.0
1
0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4E-1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.2 0.0 0.0
-0.2E- -0.2E-
INT-TIC1 -0.2E-3 0.1E-2 0.0 0.0
3
0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0
3
0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.5E-3 0.0 0.0
-0.2E- -0.2E- 0.45E-
INT-TIC2 -0.4E-3 -0.3E-5 0.0 0.0
3
0.35E-4 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 -0.15E-4 0.0 0.0
3 4
0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 -0.15E-4 0.0 0.0
Recursos Intangibles
X/V -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0
W/G 0.1 0.4** 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.4** 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.4** 60.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.4** 50.0 0.0 0.1 0.4** 80.0 0.0
Recursos Tangibles
-0.2E- -0.2E-
PAS/PAT -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
2
0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
2
0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
-0.2E-2 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0
- -
A/V -0.2*** 0.1E-1 0.0 40.0
0.2***
0.1E-1 0.0 40.0 -0.2*** 0 0.0 50.0
0.2***
-0.1E-2 0.0 60.0 -0.2*** 0.3E-3 0.0 60.0
-0.2*** -0.4E-2 0.0 60.0
AF/AT -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0 -0.1 -0.2E-1 0.0 20.0
-0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E-
Aos 2*
0.2E-2 0.0 40.0
2
0.2E-2 0.0 30.0
2*
0.2E-2 0.0 20.0
2
0.3E-2 0.0 0.0
2*
0.2E-2 0.0 10.0
-0.1E-2 0.3E-2 0.0 30.0
Tamao
A 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 50.0 0.0 0.1E-7 0.1E-6 60.0 0.0
-0.35E- -0.1E- -0.35E- -0.35E- -0.1E- -0.35E- -0.2E-
L -0.1E-3
4*
0.0 70.0
3 4*
0.0 60.0 -0.1E-3
4*
0.0 70.0
3
-0.2E-4 0.0 50.0 -0.1E-3
4*
0.0 70.0
-0.1E-3 4* 0.0 80.0
Sectores
-0.5E-
D1 -0.6E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
1
0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
-0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 -0.1 0.2** 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 10.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1** 20.0 0.0
-0.5E-
D3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 10.0 -0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
1
0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
-0.4E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
-0.4E- -0.3E-
C -0.3E-1 0.2 10.0 0.0
1
0.3** 50.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 10.0 0.0
1
0.3** 50.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3** 30.0 0.0
-0.1 0.3*** 40.0 0.0
2
R -adj 0.3E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.1 0.1
F 1.5 3.3 1.5 3.5 1.5 3.4 1.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 2.5 4.3
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero
de observaciones de la muestra cuando se usa INT-TIC1 es 317, y cuando se usa INT-TIC es 336. Los clculos se hacen sobre la base de 10 ecuaciones; slo en el caso de INT-TIC1 e INT-TIC2 se toman 5 ecuaciones para c/u.
85
CUADRO No A8B
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.1 para los Indicadores de Rentabilidad IR6 al IR9, Mtodo de MCO con Probabilidades de Innovacin
Todos Todos c/DINN1 Todos c/DINN2 Sin Dcoor c/DINN1 Sin Dcoor c/DINN2 Sin DINN
Pos Pos Pos
Neg
. Pos. Neg. . Neg. Pos. Neg. Pos. Neg. . Neg.
.
Min Max Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig. Min Max Sig. Sig.
Sig.
(% (%) (%) (% (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (% (%)
(%)
) ) )
Variables Bsicas
I&D/G -0.9** 2.1* 12.5 50.0 -1.2** 1.7 0.0 25.0 -0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0 -0.8*+ 1.3 0.0 12.5 -0.3E-1 1.2 0.0 0.0
Dcoor -0.3E-1 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0
P(DINN1) -0.2 0.2** 50.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2** 75.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.2**+ 75.0 0.0 0.1 0.1*** 75.0 0.0
P(DINN2) 0.2E-1 0.3* 12.5 0.0 -0.1 0.2* 50.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.2** 75.0 0.0 0.1 0.3** 75.0 0.0
INN-V -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.3E-3 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.3 0.0 0.0
INT-TIC1 -0.2E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0
INT-TIC2 -0.3E-3 0.3E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.4E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.3E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.4E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-3 0.3E-3 0.0 0.0
Recursos Intangibles
X/V -0.3+ -0.3E-1 0.0 25.0 -0.3* -0.4E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.3E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.3E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.3E-1 0.0 37.5 -0.3* -0.04 0.0 50.0
W/G -0.2** 0.1+ 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1+ 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1+ 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1+ 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1+ 0.0 12.5 -0.2** 0.1 0.0 25.0
Recursos Tangibles
PAS/PAT -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2 -0.1E-2 0.0 0.0
A/V -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1*+ 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1*+ 0.2E-1 0.0 12.5 -0.1** 0.2E-1 0.0 25.0
AF/AT -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1* 0.1 0.0 12.5
-0.1E-
Aos -0.0007* 0.1E-3 0.0 25.0 -0.1E-2* 0.1E-3 0.0 25.0 -0.1E-2* 0.35E-4 0.0 12.5 -0.5E-3 0.1E-3 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-2+ -0.1E-3 0.0 12.5
2* 0.2E-3 0.0 12.5
Tamao
0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.5E- 0.4E-
A 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
87.5 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
87.5 0.0 0.2E-7
7***
75.0 0.0
0.2E-7 7*** 75.0 0.0
-0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.1E- -0.4E-
L 3***
-0.35E-4 0.0 87.5
3**
-0.35E-4 0.0 75.0
3***
-0.35E-4 0.0 87.5
3**+
-0.45E-4 0.0 75.0
3**+
-0.45E-4 0.0 87.5
3*** 4** 0.0 87.5
Sectores
D1 -0.4E-2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.5E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D2 0.3E-2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2E-3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3E-1 0.1 0.0 0.0
D3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.2E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0 -0.2E-1 0.3E-1 0.0 0.0
C -0.1 0.3** 25.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.4E-1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3*** 25.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2*** 25.0 0.0
R2-adj 0.3E-1 0.1 0.2E-1 0.1 0.2E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.3E-1 0.1 0.1 0.1
F 1.5 3.3 1.5 3.5 1.5 3.3 1.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 2.6 4.3
Fuente: Elaboracin propia. Grado de significancia *** 1%, ** 5%, * 10%. Los errores estndar de los coeficientes son los de Newey-West. El smbolo + se usa para los errores estndar de los coeficientes de Huber-White. El nmero de
observaciones de la muestra cuando se usa INT-TIC1 es 317, y cuando se usa INT-TIC es 336. Los clculos se hacen sobre la base de 8 ecuaciones; slo en el caso de INT-TIC1 e INT-TIC2 se toman 4 ecuaciones para c/u.
86
CUADRO No A9
Coeficientes de la Ecuacin 3.2
Innovacin en Producto y/o Proceso Innovacin en Organizacin y/o
(DINN1) Comercializacin (DINN2)
Probit1 Probit2 Logit1 Logit2 Probit1 Probit2 Logit1 Logit2
Variables Bsicas
I&D/A 48.52*** 49.28*** 98.85** 100.29*** -1.96 -2.24 98.85** -3.94
DCoor 0.94*** 0.93*** 1.54*** 1.52*** 0.45** 0.47** 1.54*** 0.75**
INN/G 4.68*** 4.95*** 9.13*** 9.68*** 2.53** 2.90** 9.13*** 5.14**
INT-TIC1 3.35E-03 5.65E-03 -4.24E-04 5.65E-03
INT-TIC2 0.005** 0.008** 0.001 0.002
Recursos Tangibles y Tamao
Aos 6.50E-03 7.03E-03 1.02E-02 1.10E-02 5.15E-03 0.007** 1.02E-02 1.12E-02
7.19E- 7.87E- 6.85E- 7.36E-
L
04*** 04*** 0.001*** 0.001*** 04*** 04*** 0.001*** 0.001**
Sectores
D1 0.42 0.56** 0.72 0.98** -0.25 -0.02 0.72 -0.05
D2 0.40 0.52** 0.69 0.92** -0.18 0.03 0.69 0.04
D3 0.78** 0.9*** 1.26** 1.47*** 0.16 0.36 1.26** 0.57
87
88
LTIMAS PUBLICACIONES DE LOS PROFESORES
DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMA
Libros
Felix Jimnez
2010 La economa peruana del ltimo medio siglo. Lima, Fondo Editorial, Pontificia
Universidad Catlica del Per.
Flix Jimnez
2008 Reglas y sostenibilidad de la poltica fiscal. Lecciones de la experiencia peruana.
Lima, Fondo Editorial, Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per.
Adolfo Figueroa
2008 Nuestro mundo social. Introduccin a la ciencia econmica. Lima, Fondo Editorial,
Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per.
Serie: Documentos de Trabajo
No. 310 Indicadores del sector MYPE informal en el Per: Valor agregado, potencial
exportador, capacidad de formalizarse y requerimientos de normas tcnicas
peruanas de sus productos. Mario Tello, Febrero, 2011.
No. 308 State Density and Capabilities Approach: Conceptual, Methodological and
Empirical Issues. Efran Gonzales de Olarte y Javier M. Iguiiz Echeverra.
Enero, 2011.
No. 301 El legado econmico de la independencia del Per. Carlos Contreras. Octubre,
2010.
No. 300 Elementos de teora y poltica macroeconmica para una economa abierta.
Quinta parte: Captulos 15, 16 y 17. Flix Jimnez. Octubre, 2010.
Departamento de Economa - Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per
Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 32 Per.
Telf. 626-2000 anexos 4950 - 4951
http://www.pucp.edu.pe/economia