ENERGY EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION
PROTOCOL IN WSN USING INTERNET OF
THINGS
R.Karthick1,C.Manikandan2
1
PG student,Dept of ECE, Arunai Engineering College, Tiruvanamalai.
2
Assistant professor,
Dept of ECE, Arunai Engineering College, Tiruvanamalai.
1
karthickece80@gmail.com,2manikandan.aec@gmail.com
Abstract--- The exponential growth of connected autonomous
embedded devices will pose huge challenges with regard to
devices and inter device communication security. Features like
encrypted communication, device authentication and device
authorisation must be appropriately addressed in order to
provide a reliable and penetration-resistant device network.
In recent years, applications of WSN have been increased due
to its vast potential to connect the physical world to the virtual
world. It becomes a trend to deploy the large number of
portable wireless sensors in wireless sensor networks to
increase the QOS. AODV is an effective method for clustering
in a homogeneous WSN .Removing the malicious node
increases the energy efficiency and security in wireless sensor
network.
KeywordsWSN (Wireless Sensor Network), QOS (Quality Of
Service), AODV (Ad hoc On- demand Distance Vector),IOT
(Internet Of Things).
I. INTRODUCTION
Internet of things (IOT) is the inter-connecting of
physical devices, vehicles, buildings and other items with
electronics, software, sensors, actuators and network
connectivity that enables to collect and exchange the data.
In this wireless sensor network they are achieving
significance important in the information and
communication technologies with the development of
internet of things. However security is considered as
important challenge in internet of things. In the wireless
sensor network (WSN) there will be presence of more
number of cluster. Cluster which is used for sharing the
information between the different nodes. There will be the
presence of cluster header in each WSN. From that it also
has the malicious node which is act as false node. Wireless
Sensor Networks are known for their fault tolerance and
good sensing coverage. Recently, Wireless Sensor
Networks are tremendously being used in various
applications [1] like monitoring, detection, process control,
data gathering and many more. In spite of all these leads,
WSNs are highly susceptible to security ultimatum, energy
constraints and impingement by malicious nodes. The
camouflaged malicious nodes in the sensor networks can
seriously distort the normal functioning of wireless sensor
networks. Once the malicious nodes launch the attack, the
incursions are hard to identify. Sensory nodes are battery
powered which are shielded with a limited energy resource
[2] and is one of the exigent demands when it comes to
network design consideration. Prolonging the lifetime of
sensor networks is quite challenging which requires careful
selection of sensor nodes to perform a given task. Recently
there has been an extensive on going research in the field
of reliable routing protocols to provide secure routing and
increase the network lifetime. The reliable routing, network
latency, secure data aggregation and network scalability are
the important issues in wireless sensor networks.
II. RELATED WORKS
Internet of Things (IOT) devices is rapidly becoming
important while IOT services are becoming pervasive. A
thread is an action that takes advantage of security
weaknesses in a system and has a negative impact on it. In
this paper security challenges and security threats to IOT
were introduced[1]. Public key infrastructures (PKI) and
digital certificates are important of todays secure Internet
infrastructure. In this analyses the benefits, limitations and
suitability of both concepts for IOT combination with
secure communication protocols [2]. The Internet of Things
(IOT) aspect of smart home from a security identity, and
adapt an advanced malware technique for the IOT. We
design several attacks including cyber physical system
attacks and advanced cyber-attacks, and then evaluate their
impact in practical evaluations [3].WSNs are achieving
significance importance in the information and
communication technologies with the development of
Internet-of-Things (IOT). WSNs are connected with the
Internet in many industrial applications. Optimized location
of cluster heads (CHs) for energy efficiency in a different
WSN (that consists of few energy harvesting sensors and
mostly non-renewable sensors) is used [4]. In order to
increase the network delay and rectify the security induced
by the malicious nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks, the
residual energy and reliability values are used to form a
secured clustering. The simulated experimental results in
NS2 platform show that the proposed method can reduce
the effect of malicious nodes and improve the network
lifetime for the sensor network. Wireless Sensor Networks
are known for their fault clearance and good sensing
coverage.
 III. PROPOSED TECHNIQUE
Increased automation and digitization creates new
security concerns. Finding the cluster header and malicious
node can increases the data transmission between the
sources and destination. Security challenges, such as
privacy and entity trust were identified. Proposed
approaches are based on reducing energy consumption and
improving the lifetime of the network.
A. Route discovery using AODV protocol:
The route in between the nodes is introduced by
the entries in routing table. It conformed that the
routing table is the current updated routing table,
as the nodes are not stable. The network topology
always changes because the nodes in mobile
Adhoc network always moves to different
position. According the routing table the data
packet is transmitted to the next destination or to
the intermediate node. In the process of route
starting the route request (RREQ) and the route
response (RREP) packets are created. The source
node creates the RREQ packet which consists of
IP source address, sequence number, destination
IP address and broadcast. In this broadcast is
increased every time whenever source sends the
request packet. In connection to the both route
request and route response is sent back by the
destination node. The RREQ is transmitted to all
the near nodes for particular time limit. In this
time limit the route reverse has to be created
between source and destination nodes. If the
reverse route is not created within the particular
time or the RREQ loss in packets occur in the net-
work then again the source node sends the RREQ
packet and is broadcasted in network. When the
route reverse has been introduced which means
the RREQ has reached the destination node then
the RREP packet follows the route reverse to
reach to the source node. When it arrived to the
source node the forward route has been
introduced. When the forward route has been
introduced now both the nodes can exchange the
data between each other.
1. Maintaing route
After the establishment of route the data
is exchanged between the source and destination.
But in this mobile network nodes are always
mobile. If the source node moves from the
original position then the route discovery is restart
as to find the new path using RREQ packet. Or in
engage to it if the intermediate nodes or
destination nodes move then RERR packet is
created and propagated to the neighbour nodes in
the network until it reaches to the source node.
When the source node receives the RERR packet
then it restarts the route or stops sending data.
Fig. 1 Route discovery procedure in AODV
a) Malicious node:
The message transferring attack is highly possible
in the WSN and it is highly dangerous. This attack
can be occurred using the malicious nodes. Thus
malicious node accepts the route request and route
reply but it drops the data packets. So these
malicious nodes have to be detected and prevented
in the network, as the main goal of these malicious
nodes is to stop the data transfer between the
source and destination.
b) Step to find correct node:
Rule 1: If a node transmits many data packets to
destinations, it is assumed as a good node.
Rule 2: If a node receives more number of packets
but do not sent same data packets, it is possible
that the current node is a malicious node.
Rule 3: When the rule2 is correct about a node, if
the current node has sent number RREP packets;
therefore surely the current node is miss
behaviour.
Rule 4: When the rule2 is correct about a node, if
the current node has not sent any RREP packets;
therefore the current node is a failed node.
IV. SIMULATION SCENARIO
The following performance parameters are used to
compare the performance of the routing protocols in the
simulation:
i. Throughput: It is the amount of data delivered
per unit time from one node to another through a
communication link. Throughput is expressed as
bytes or bits per sec (byte/sec or bit/sec).
 Throughput = (Number of packets Received
*Packet size * 8) /Simulation
Time.

ii. Packet Loss: Packet loss may occur at both the

network layer and the MAC layer. In this work,
packet loss occurs only in network layer.
Packet loss = Data Packet Sent Data
Packet Received.

iii. Packet delivery ratio (PDF): It is ratio between

number of packets received by destination and
number of packet start by application (CBR).
PDF = (Data Packet Received / Data Packet Fig.2 Packet loss.
Sent ) * 100.
From the above figure data packet drop when data
The basic goal of our malicious node is to drop the transmit between node. Because in the presence of
packet so that there do not have any communication malicious node data loss can occurred.
between source and destination. We added following things
to modify our code.

// if malicious node
If (malicious == true ) {
drop (p, DROP_RTR_ROUTE_LOOP);
// DROP_RTR_ROUTE_LOOP is added for no
reason.

TABLE-1
PARAMETER USED IN SIMULATION

PARAMETER VALUE Fig.3 Throughput for different malicious node.

Channel type Wireless channel

Number of nodes 6

Pause time 10 sec

Traffic time CBR

Node placement Random

Fig.4 Number of packets send and received.

V. RESULT ANALYSIS

The parameters used for contrast during

simulation are throughput, packets delivery
ratio and packets lost. Thus throughput is
the data delivered per unit time during data
transmission between nodes.

Fig.5 Packet Delivery Ratio.

 VI. CONCLUSION
The techniques proposed are used to remove and
finding the malicious nodes present in the particular
network. Due to the presence of these nodes the per-
formance, throughput, packet delivery ratio is reduced and
the impact of the AODV protocol is dropped. These attacks
make the node malicious so that the transmission of the
packets from the source to destination never happens. Thus
AODV protocol helps to detect and prevent the malicious
nodes and also provides the good data transmission of the
packets between the nodes. This increases the networks
performance, network lifetime, routing and the throughput
and the results are calculated using ns2.
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