T

How to Calculate T ?

Method-1:
Max. Summer Temp. = 400 C
Least Winter Temp. = 120 C

Temp. Deferential T = 40 12 = 28 = 140 C (+/-)

2 2

Method-2:
Max. Summer Temp. = 400 C
Least Winter Temp. = 120 C
Mean Temp. = 270 C at the Time of concreting

Temp. Deferential T+ = 40 27 = 130 C (+)

Temp. Deferential T- = 27 12 = 150 C (-)
 T
Method-3: As per - National Academy of Sciences USA

T = T w - T m OR T = T m - T c

T m = The Mean Temperature during the Period of construction in the locality

of the Building
T w = The Temperature exceeded only 1% of time above this temperature
during summer months (Mar to June) in the locality of the building
T C = The Temperature equalled or exceeded on an average 99% of time
during Winter months (Nov to Feb) in the locality of the building
 Winter Months Summer Months
T

Climate data for Mumbai

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high
C (F)
37 38.3 40.4 40.6 39.7 37.2 35.6 33.8 35.6 39.5 38.4 36.7 40.6
Average
30.6 31.3 32.7 33.1 33.3 31.9 29.8 29.3 30.1 32.9 33.4 32 31.7
high C (F)
Daily mean
C (F)
24.5 24.8 26.9 28.7 30.2 29.2 27.7 27.3 27.7 28.7 28 26.3 27.5
Average
low C (F) 16.4 17.3 20.6 23.7 26.1 25.8 24.8 24.5 24 23.1 20.5 18.2 22.1
Record low
11.7 11.7 16.3 20 22.8 21.1 21.7 21.7 20 20.6 17.8 12.8 11.7
C (F)
Mean
monthly
269.5 257.6 274.3 283.7 296.2 148.6 73.4 75.9 165.1 240.2 245.8 253.2 2,583.50
sunshine
hours
Source #1: IMD (Period 19511980, record high and low up to 2010)[2][3]

Tm = 27.5 deg. C
T = T w - T m OR T = T m - T c
Tw = 40.6 deg. C
T = 13.1 T = 11.1
Tc = 16.4 deg. C
(+) (-)

Period of construction is Taken as 01-Jan to 31-Dec

 T

The T values computed in the last slide to be Modified by a factor C

i.e. the Actual T C x T

C 1, for unheated buildings

C 0.7 for buildings heated but not Air conditioned
C 0.55 For air conditioned buildings

As per - National Academy of Sciences USA