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Version)
Instructor Note: Red font color or Gray highlights indicate text that appears in the instructor copy only.
Topology
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Addressing Table
192.168.1.1/24
2001:DB8:ACAD:A::1/64
R1 G0/0 FE80::1 link-local N/A
10.1.1.1/30
2001:DB8:ACAD:B::1/64
S0/0/0 (DCE) FE80::1 link-local N/A
FR S0/0/0 N/A N/A
S0/0/1 (DCE) N/A N/A
192.168.3.1/24
2001:DB8:ACAD:C::3/64
R3 G0/0 FE80::3 link-local N/A
10.1.1.2/30
2001:DB8:ACAD:B::3/64
S0/0/1 FE80::3 link-local N/A
192.168.1.3/24 192.168.1.1
PC-A NIC 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::A/64 FE80::1
192.168.3.3/24 192.168.3.1
PC-C NIC 2001:DB8:ACAD:C::C/64 FE80::3
Objectives
Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings
Part 2: Configure a Frame Relay Switch
Part 3: Configure Basic Frame Relay
Part 4: Troubleshoot Frame Relay
Part 5: Configure a Frame Relay Subinterface
Background / Scenario
Frame Relay is a high-performance WAN protocol that operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI
reference model. Unlike leased lines, Frame Relay requires only a single access circuit to the Frame Relay
provider to communicate with multiple sites that are connected to the same provider.
Frame Relay was one of the most extensively used WAN protocols, primarily because it was relatively
inexpensive compared to dedicated lines. In addition, configuring user equipment in a Frame Relay network is
fairly simple. With the advent of broadband services such as DSL and cable modem, GigaMAN (point-to-point
Ethernet service over fiber-optic cable), VPN, and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Frame Relay has
become a less desirable solution for accessing the WAN. However, some rural areas do not have access to
these alternative solutions and still rely on Frame Relay for connectivity to the WAN.
In this lab, you will configure Frame Relay encapsulation on serial links. You will also configure a router to
simulate a Frame Relay switch. You will review Cisco standards and open standards that apply to Frame
Relay. You will also configure Frame Relay point-to-point subinterfaces.
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 1941 Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) with
Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 (universalk9 image). Other routers and Cisco IOS versions can be used.
Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced might vary
from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of this lab for the
correct interface identifiers.
Note: Make sure that the routers have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure,
contact your instructor.
Instructor Note: Refer to the Instructor Lab Manual for the procedures to initialize and reload devices.
Required Resources
3 Routers (Cisco 1941 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
2 PCs (Windows 7, Vista, or XP with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
Ethernet and serial cables as shown in the topology
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
DLCI = 103, DLCI USAGE = SWITCHED, PVC STATUS = INACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0
DLCI = 301, DLCI USAGE = SWITCHED, PVC STATUS = INACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/1
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 103, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0
DLCI = 301, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/1
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
R1#
*Jun 26 20:12:35.693: ICMP: echo reply sent, src 10.1.1.1, dst 10.1.1.2, topology
BASE, dscp 0 topoid 0
R1#
*Jun 26 20:12:37.689: ICMP: echo reply sent, src 10.1.1.1, dst 10.1.1.2, topology
BASE, dscp 0 topoid 0
R1#
*Jun 26 20:12:39.689: ICMP: echo reply sent, src 10.1.1.1, dst 10.1.1.2, topology
BASE, dscp 0 topoid 0
R1#
*Jun 26 20:12:41.689: ICMP: echo reply sent, src 10.1.1.1, dst 10.1.1.2, topology
BASE, dscp 0 topoid 0
R1#
*Jun 26 20:12:43.689: ICMP: echo reply sent, src 10.1.1.1, dst 10.1.1.2, topology
BASE, dscp 0 topoid 0
Why does the ping fail?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
The ping fails because R1 has no way to reply. With no way to map the IP address of R3 to a Layer 2
DLCI, it cannot route the response and drops the packet.
d. Issue the show frame-relay map command on R1. The IPv4 map for R3 is missing from the list.
R1# show frame-relay map
Serial0/0/0 (up): ipv6 FE80::3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/0/0 (up): ipv6 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::1 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
R1(config-if)#
*Jun 26 20:25:10.871: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: EIGRP-IPv4 1: Neighbor 10.1.1.2 (Serial0/0/0)
is down: Interface PEER-TERMINATION received
*Jun 26 20:28:13.673: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: EIGRP-IPv4 1: Neighbor 10.1.1.2 (Serial0/0/0)
is up: new adjacency
R1(config-if)#
*Jun 26 20:31:18.185: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: EIGRP-IPv4 1: Neighbor 10.1.1.2 (Serial0/0/0)
is down: retry limit exceeded
R1(config-if)#
*Jun 26 20:32:00.977: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: EIGRP-IPv4 1: Neighbor 10.1.1.2 (Serial0/0/0)
is up: new adjacency
R1(config-if)#
*Jun 26 20:35:05.489: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: EIGRP-IPv4 1: Neighbor 10.1.1.2 (Serial0/0/0)
is down: retry limit exceeded
Why does the EIGRP adjacency continue to flap?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Without the broadcast keyword, multicast traffic is not being forwarded over the DLCI specified in the
frame map statement.
h. Replace the Frame Relay map statement and include the broadcast keyword this time.
R1(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 103 broadcast
i. Verify that the full routing table is restored and that you have end-to-end connectivity.
R1# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
LMI Statistics for interface Serial0/0/1 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 2158 Num Status msgs Rcvd 2136
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 23
Last Full Status Req 00:00:05 Last Full Status Rcvd 00:04:35
d. On R3, issue the debug frame-relay lmi command. The LMI packets no longer display in pairs. While all
outgoing LMI messages are logged, no incoming messages display because R3 is expecting ANSI LMI,
and FR is sending Cisco LMI.
R3# debug frame-relay lmi
Frame Relay LMI debugging is on
Displaying all Frame Relay LMI data
R3#
*Jun 26 21:49:10.829: Serial0/0/1(out): StEnq, myseq 104, yourseen 0, DTE down
*Jun 26 21:49:10.829: datagramstart = 0xC313554, datagramsize = 14
*Jun 26 21:49:10.829: FR encap = 0x00010308
*Jun 26 21:49:10.829: 00 75 95 01 01 00 03 02 68 00
*Jun 26 21:49:10.829:
R3#
*Jun 26 21:49:20.829: Serial0/0/1(out): StEnq, myseq 105, yourseen 0, DTE down
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
DLCI = 103, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0
DLCI = 113, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/0.113
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
DLCI = 301, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/1
DLCI = 311, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0/1.311
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Reflection
1. What is a PVC and how is it used?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
A PVC is a permanent virtual circuit. This is a Layer 2 connection created between endpoints through a
Frame Relay cloud. There can be multiple PVCs per physical interface, allowing multiple point-to-point
connections or point-to-multipoint connections.
2. What is the purpose of a DLCI?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
A DLCI is a Layer 2 Frame Relay address that Inverse ARP uses to obtain an associated Layer 3 IP address.
3. What purpose does the Local Management Interface (LMI) serve in a Frame Relay network?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
The LMI is a signaling protocol that exchanges information between a router and a Frame Relay switch. The
LMI exchanges information on keepalives, PVC status (active, inactive, deleted, unused), and IP addresses
(when Inverse ARP is enabled). This information is used as a status mechanism between the router (DTE)
and the Frame Relay switch (DCE).
4. Why would you use subinterfaces with Frame Relay?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Subinterfaces address the limitations of Frame Relay networks by providing a way to subdivide a partially
meshed Frame Relay network into a number of smaller, fully meshed, or point-to-point subnetworks. Each
subnetwork is assigned its own network number and appears to the protocols as if it were reachable through
a separate interface.
Router Model Ethernet Interface #1 Ethernet Interface #2 Serial Interface #1 Serial Interface #2
1800 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
1900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(G0/0) (G0/1)
2801 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
2811 Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(F0/0) (F0/1)
2900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
(G0/0) (G0/1)
Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many
interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router
class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device.
The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An
example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be
used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface.
Device Configs
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 15
!
ip cef
!
no ip domain lookup
no ipv6 cef
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::1/64
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
shutdown
ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::1/64
clock rate 128000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^C Unauthorized Access is Prohibited! ^C
!
line con 0
password 7 070C285F4D06
logging synchronous
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 094F471A1A0A
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 103 interface Serial0/0/1 301
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
clock rate 128000
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 301 interface Serial0/0/0 103
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^C Unauthorized Access is Prohibited! ^C
!
line con 0
password 7 094F471A1A0A
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
line vty 0 4
password 7 01100F175804
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
shutdown
ipv6 address FE80::3 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::3/64
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^C Unauthorized Access is Prohibited! ^C
!
line con 0
password 7 0822455D0A16
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 070C285F4D06
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
end
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 103 interface Serial0/0/1 301
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
clock rate 128000
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 301 interface Serial0/0/0 103
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^C Unauthorized Access is Prohibited! ^C
!
line con 0
password 7 094F471A1A0A
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 01100F175804
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
version 15.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 15
!
ip cef
!
no ip domain lookup
ipv6 unicast-routing
ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address FE80::3 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:C::3/64
ipv6 eigrp 1
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
encapsulation frame-relay
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Router R1 - Final
R1# show run
Building configuration...
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
encapsulation frame-relay
ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::1/64
ipv6 eigrp 1
clock rate 128000
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 103 broadcast
frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::3 103 broadcast
frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::1 103
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.1 103
frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::3 103
no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
interface Serial0/0/0.113 point-to-point
ip address 10.1.1.5 255.255.255.252
ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:D::1/64
frame-relay interface-dlci 113
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
router eigrp 1
network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
eigrp router-id 1.1.1.1
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ipv6 router eigrp 1
eigrp router-id 1.1.1.1
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^C Unauthorized Access is Prohibited! ^C
!
line con 0
password 7 104D000A0618
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Router FR (Final)
FR# show run
Building configuration...
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 103 interface Serial0/0/1 301
frame-relay route 113 interface Serial0/0/1 311
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
clock rate 128000
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 301 interface Serial0/0/0 103
frame-relay route 311 interface Serial0/0/0 113
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^C Unauthorized Access is Prohibited! ^C
!
line con 0
password 7 0822455D0A16
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 14141B180F0B
login
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
Router R3 (Final)
R3# show run
Building configuration...
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
encapsulation frame-relay
ipv6 address FE80::3 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::3/64
ipv6 eigrp 1
frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::1 301 broadcast
frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::3 301
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 301
frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:ACAD:B::1 301
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.1 301 broadcast
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay lmi-type cisco
!
interface Serial0/0/1.311 point-to-point
ip address 10.1.1.6 255.255.255.252
ipv6 address FE80::3 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:D::3/64
frame-relay interface-dlci 311
!
router eigrp 1
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
network 192.168.3.0
eigrp router-id 3.3.3.3
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
ipv6 router eigrp 1
eigrp router-id 3.3.3.3
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^C Unauthorized Access is Prohibited! ^C
!
line con 0
password 7 104D000A0618
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Lab Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 7 030752180500
login
transport input all
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
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