Cagayan River

The Cagayan River, also known as the Rio Grande de Cagayan, is the longest and 2nd largest
river in the Philippine Archipelago After Rio Grande de Mindanao.[1] It is located in the Cagayan
Valley region in northeastern part of Luzon Island and traverses the provinces of Nueva
Vizcaya, Quirino, Isabela and Cagayan.
The river's headwaters are at the Caraballo Mountains of the Central Luzon at an elevation of
approximately 1,524 metres (5,000 ft). The river flows north for some 354 kilometres (220 mi)[2] to its
mouth at the Babuyan Channel near the town of Aparri, Cagayan. The river drops rapidly to 91
metres (299 ft) above sea level some 227 kilometres (141 mi) from the river mouth. Its
principal tributaries are the Pinacanauan, Chico, Siffu, Mallig, Magat and Ilagan Rivers.

Cagayan River and its tributaries have deposited sediments of Tertiary and Quaternary origin, mostly
limestone sands and clays, throughout the relatively flat Cagayan Valley which is surrounded by
the Cordillera Mountains in the west, Sierra Madre in the east and the Caraballo Mountains in the
south.

The river has a drainage area of about 27,300 square kilometres (10,500 sq mi). in the provinces
of Apayao, Aurora, Cagayan, Ifugao, Isabela, Kalinga, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, and
Quirino.

The estimated annual discharge is 53,943 million cubic meters[3] with a groundwater reserve of
47,895 million cubic meters.

Rio Grande de Mindanao

The Rio Grande de Mindanao, also known as the Mindanao River, is the largest river system in
the Philippines,.[1] It is the largest river on the southern island of Mindanao with a drainage area of
23,169 km2 (8,946 sq mi) draining majority of the central and eastern portion of the island. It is also
the second longest river in the country with a length of approximately 373 km (232 mi).[2] It is an
important transportation artery on the island, used mainly in transporting agricultural products and,
formerly, timber.

Its headwaters are in the mountains of Impasugong, Bukidnon, south of Gingoog City in Misamis
Oriental, where it is called the Pulangi River. Joining the Kabacan River, it becomes the Mindanao
River. Flowing out of the mountains, it forms the center of a broad, fertile plain in the south-central
portion of the island. Before its mouth in the Moro Gulf, it splits into two parallel sections, the
Cotabato and Tamontaka, separated by a 180 m (600 ft) hill.

Population centers along the river include Cotabato City, Datu Piang, and Midsayap.

Agusan River

Agusan River is a river located in the eastern part of Mindanao island in the Philippines, draining
majority of the Caraga Region and some parts of Compostela Valley province. It is the third largest
river basin of the Philippines with a total drainage area of 10,921 km and an estimated length of 350
kilometers from its origin.[1][2] The headwaters of the river is found in the mountains of Compostela
Valley, near its border with Davao Oriental and east of Tagum City. It flows through the wide Agusan
River valley which measures 177 kilometers (110 mi) from south to north and varies from 32-48
kilometers (2030 miles) in width.[3] It finally drains into the Butuan Bay at its mouth in Butuan City.
The river is also the third longest river in the Philippines.

One of the prominent features in the Agusan River basin is the presence of the Agusan
Marsh covering a total area of 19,197 hectares. The marsh serves a flood retention basin for the
Agusan River, cutting the high discharge of water causing flash floods in the lower reaches of the
river. Aside from that, the marsh harbors unique and pristine habitats like the sago and peat swamps
forest and is a home to endangered and endemic flora and fauna. As a consequence, it was
declared by former President Fidel V. Ramos as a wildlife sanctuary in 1996.[2]

Pulangi River
The Pulangi River (Cebuano pronunciation IPA [pulai]), also spelled Pulangui, is the longest river
in Bukidnon. It is one of the major tributaries of the Rio Grande de Mindanao, an extensive river
system in Mindanao, Philippines. It has a length of 320 kilometers and traverses through majority of
the cities and municipalities of Bukidnon from its source in Barangay Kalabugao, Impasugong,
Bukidnon.

The Manupali River, a major tributary of the Pulangi River, starts in the mountains of Lantapan,
Bukidnon, picking up tributaries along the way from the Kalatungan and Kitanglad Mountain Ranges.
It forms part of the natural boundary of Valencia City and Lantapan. It flows eastward
towards Malaybalay City, eventually joining the Pulangi River in Valencia City.

The Muleta River is found in the southern portion of the province covering the municipalities
of Pangantucan, Don Carlos, Kitaotao, Dangcagan, Kibawe, Kadingilan and Damulog. It is another
important tributary of the Pulangi River and flows southward. It will join the Pulangi River in the
boundary of Bukidnon and Cotabato province.

The Bobonawan River, found in the municipality of Cabanglasan, is another tributary of the Pulangi
River. It covers most of the parts of the municipality, flowing southward towards Pulangi River.

Other tributaries are the Tigwa River of San Fernando, Bukidnon, the Maradugao River. Kalabugao
River of Impasugong, Bukidnon Sawaga River of Malaybalay City. Abuhan River and Balongkot
River of Managok, Malaybalay City. Kabacan River in North Cotabato, Dampilasan River in
Impasugong Bukidnon, Maapag River of Valencia Bukidnoon, Laligan River of Valencia Bukidnoon,
Malitubog River In North Cotabato

Pampanga River
Pampanga River (also known as Rio Grande de Pampanga - Great River of Pampanga) is the
second largest river in the island of Luzon, next to Cagayan River and the third largest but most
important river in the Philippines. It is also the fourth longest river in the Philippines next to Agusan
River and Mindanao River.[1][2][3] It is located in the Central Luzon region and traverses the provinces
of Pampanga, Bulacan, and Nueva Ecija.
Its headwaters are located at the Sierra Madre and runs a south and southwesterly course for about
260 kilometers until it drains into Manila Bay.

The river's basin covers an area of 10,540 km, including the allied basin of Guagua River. The basin
is drained through the Pampanga River and via the Labangan Channel into the Manila Bay.

Its main tributaries are Pearanda and the Coronel-Santor Rivers on the eastern side of the basin
and the Rio Chico River from the northwest side. The Angat River joins the Pampanga River
at Calumpit, Bulacan via the Bagbag River. Mount Arayat (elevation: 1,026) stands in the middle of
the basin. Southeast of Mount Arayat and the Pampanga River is the Candaba Swamp, covering an
area of some 250 km. absorbing most of the flood flows from the western slopes of a portion of the
Sierra Madre and the overflowing of the Pampanga River via the Cabiao Floodway. This area is
submerged during the rainy season but is relatively dry during summer.

Agno River

Agno River is a river in the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Traversing the provinces
of Benguet and Pangasinan, it is the third largest river system in the country with a drainage area of
5,952 km.[1][2][3][4]

It originates in the Cordillera Mountains and empties into the South China Sea via the Lingayen Gulf.
The river is 206 km long. Roughly 2 million people live in the Agno River Valley and it comprises one
of Philippines' larger population clusters.

The river is dammed by three hydroelectric power plants; the Ambuklao Dam in Bokod, the Binga
Dam in Itogon, and the San Roque Dam in San Manuel.

The Agno River is the main drainage system of the area and has a catchment area of 5,952 square
kilometers. It is the third largest river in Luzon (next to Cagayan River and Pampanga River) and the
fifth largest river in the Philippines.

The Agno is the largest Philippine river in terms of water discharge, draining around 6.6 cubic
kilometers of fresh water into Lingayen Gulf, or almost 70% of the total fresh water input into the gulf.

The headwaters of Agno River are at the slopes of Mount Data in the Cordillera Mountains at an
elevation of 2,090 m, where it drains Cretaceous to Paleocene igneous basement rocks, and
marine siliciclastic and carbonate rocks. Of its total length, about 90 kilometers runs through
mountainous terrain and canyon

Abra River
The Abra River is the sixth largest river system in the Philippines in terms of watershed size. It has
an estimated drainage area of 5,125 square kilometers and a length of 178 kilometers from its
source in the vicinity of Mount Data in the Benguet province.
The Abra originates in the southern section of Mount Data. It descends westward to Cervantes,
Ilocos Sur, and flows into Abra province. At a point near the municipality of Dolores, it is joined by
the Tineg River, which originates in the uplands of Abra.[1]
Abulog River

The Abulog or Abulug is the 9th largest river system in the Philippines in terms of watershed size.[1]
[2]
It has an estimated drainage area of 3,372 square kilometres (1,302 sq mi) and a length of 175
kilometres (109 mi) from its source in the mountains of Apayao in the Cordillera Administrative
Region. More than 90% of the drainage area of the river is located in Apayao province while the
remaining, including the mouth of the river, is in Cagayan province.

The upper reaches of the Abulug River, especially upstream from Kabugao, is commonly known as
the Apayao River.

Chico River

The Chico River (Spanish: Rio Chico de Cagayan) is a river system in the Philippines in the island
of Luzon, encompassing the regions of Cordillera and Cagayan Valley.

The most extensive river in the Cordillera region, it covers the provinces of Mountain
Province, Kalinga and Cagayan. It is one of the major tributaries of the Cagayan River.[1]

It is referred to as a "river of life" for the Kalinga people who live on its banks, and is well known
among development workers because of the Chico River Dam Project, an electric power generation
project which local residents resisted for three decades before it was finally shelved in the 1980s - a

The highest headwaters begin along the slopes of Mount Data in the Cordillera mountains at Bauko,
Mountain Province. It then flows northeastward
through Bontoc, Sabangan, Sadanga, Tinglayan, Lubuagan, Tabuk City, Pinukpuk, Tuao, Piat, Rizal,
and finally at Santo Nio, where it merges with the Cagayan River.

Its tributaries are the Bunog River to the south, The Tanudan and Biga Rivers to the east,
The Mabaca and Saltan Rivers to the North, and the Pasil River further downstream.[1][5]

Davao River

The Davao River catchment is the third largest river catchment on the Southern Philippines Island
of Mindanao. It drains an area of over 1700 km with a river length of 160 km. Most of the area is
uplands. Average flows within the river near to the mouth are estimated at 70-80 cubic meters per
second. The climate type is relatively uniform throughout the year with evenly
distributed rainfall and temperatures and humidity (rainfall = 2600mm, Actual Evap 1028mm). The
area rarely experiences typhoons.

The landform and landcover within the basin is highly diverse. Ranging from lowland urban,
agricultural, wetland and mangrove to natural riparian, plantations, upland agriculture and
mountainous forest including primary forest. The area is classified by DENR as 77.5% forestlands
and 22.5% alienable and disposable land. This is not a true land uses (or land cover) classification.
Detailed land use is not available. Information is available from several sources including the
Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City, however this data is as yet theoretical and does not
represent the realities or suitability of land at the barangay (lowest tier of local government) level.
However the City Planning Office is collecting and digitizing data for land use maps.