UTILITIES

PLUMBING
QUESTION ANSWER KEY
1 A unit used for measuring the probable demand for water by a plumbing fixture unit
fixture, or the probable discharge of liquid waste from the fixture.
2 A fixture unit is equivalent to___ gallons per minute. 7-1/2
3 It is also equivalent to ___ cubic feet per minute. 1

Fixture unit of a:
4 Water closet 6 units
5 Slop sink 3 units
6 Residential sink 2-1/2 units
7 Floor drain 1 unit
8 Bathtub 2 units
9 Kitchen sink 2 units
10 Laundry tub 2 units
11 Roof drain 1 unit
12 Lavatory 1 unit
13 Shower bath 2 units
14 Hotel/public sink 2 units

Pipe sizes for water supply:

15 Sill cocks 1/2" diam.
16 Hot water boiler 1/2" diam.
17 Laundry trays 1/2" diam.
18 Bathtub 1/2" diam.
19 Lavatories 3/8" diam.
20 Water closet tank 3/8" diam.

21 Minimum size of water seal for each fixture trap? 2"

22 Maximum distance of vent from trap seal? 5 ft. horizontally
developed length

Materials used in Plumbing installations:

23 Conveniently installed for bldgs less than 25 storeys high. Cast Iron pipe
24 Made of alloy of cast iron & silicon, for laboratories/industries. Acid Resistant
cast iron pipe
25 Type of cast iron pipe usually used for bldg installation. SV type
26 Type of cast iron pipe used for underground installation. XV type
27 Type of pipe that has the same property as that of concrete. Asbestos pipe
28 Type of pipe recommended for house sewer & septic tank installation. Bituminous fiber
29 Made of alloy of zinc & copper. Brass pipe

Plumbing Ventilation
30 Value of atmospheric pressure at sea level. 65.47 newtons

Types of vents:
31 Also known as a back vent, which serves a single trap Individual vent
32 Portion of the soil stack above the highest installed fixture branch. Main soil & waste vent
33 Portion of the vent pipe system which ventilates two fixture traps. Unit vent
34 It eliminates minus & plus pressures. Relief vent
35 Installation common to barber shops & hospital surgical rooms. Looped vent
36 Used for underground public rest rooms. Utility vent
37 A conduit used to convey foul odor from fixture or room. Local vent

Scientific Terms used in water supply & heat systems

38 What will result if water at high speed is suddenly stopped or slowed? Water hammering
39 A column of water exerts a pressure of _______ regardless of
the diameter of the column. 0.43 psi
40 Pressure exerted by water at rest. Static pressure
41 Pressure forcing a steam of water gas/steam through an opening. Service pressure
42 Refers to the pressure range measured over a period of 24 hours. Normal pressure
43 Pressure over & above the manufacturer's rating that will overtax equip't. Excess pressure
44 Maximum or minimum pressures at w/c proper functioning can be
determined. Critical pressure

Valves:
45 A valve best suited for main supply lines & pump lines where operation
is very frequent. Gate valve
46 A valve actuated by a stem screw & hand wheel suited for installation
that calls for throttling. Globe valve
47 A valve where its main function is to check or prevent reversal of flow in
the line, principally used in industrial pipings. Check valve
48 A valve operating in the same manner of the globe valve, used in making
90 degree turn in a line, thus, reducing the number of joints. Angle valve
49 A valve located at the lower end of the pump and used mainly to prevent
loss of priming of the pump. Foot valve
50 A valve used on water systems, heating systems, compressed air lines &
other pipe lines with excessive pressure. Safety valve
51 Type of globe valve w/c has wide bearing surfaces, produces good
resistance to the cutting effect of scale, dirt & other foreign matters. Plug type disc valve
52 Type of globe valve w/c has a pressure tight bearing between the disc & Conventional
the seat, recommended for cold & any temperature service. disc valve
53 Type of globe valve used for different services such as oil, gasoline,
steam, hot or cold water, can be turned over or removed without Composition
removing the valve. disc valve
54 Type of gate valve w/c is used where the stem must be installed pointing Wedged shaped or
downward. tapered disc
55 Type of gate valve used in cold & sewage disposal installations, its parellel
faces drop in a vertical position & are forced apart by the disc spreader. Double disc valve

Water service fittings & devices:

56 It serves as a control stop for the water service, it also serves as a shut off
for disconnection of service. Corporation stop
57 Installed between the curb & the sidewalk line, functions as a control stop
for service between the cub & the building, a shut off for the building in
case the basement becomes flooded, a control valve in case the building
is not used in winter time. Curb stop

PLUMBING DEFINITIONS
58 A physical separation , which may be a low inlet into the indirect waste
receptor from the fixture, appliance or device indirectly connected. Airbreak
59 The flow of water or other liquids, mixture or substances into the distributing
pipes of a potable water supply from any source other than its intended source. Backflow
60 Backflow preventer. Check valve
61 Also known as an individual vent. Back vent
62 A type of pipe connection in which a ball-shaped end is held in a cup-like shell
and allows movement in every direction. Ball joint
63 A series of 2 or more similar adjacent fixtures. Battery of fixtures
64 The enlarged portion of a pipe to receive another end of a pipe. Bell or Hub
65 Synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, or plug. Bibb
66 A fixture used for washing the middle part of the body, aso called a "sitz" bath. Bidet
67 A pipe flange that is not drilled for bolt holes. Blank flange
68 A flange that closes the end of a pipe, no opening for the passage of liquid/gas. Blind flange
69 A controlled outlet of a pipeline to discharge liquid or detritus. Blow-off
70 Any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack. Branch
71 A horizontal vent connecting one or more individual vertical back vents with
the vent stack or stack vent. Branch vent
72 That part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system w/c receives the
discharge from soil, waste & other drainage pipes inside the walls of the bldg
& conveys it to the building sewer beginning 0.6 meter outside the bldg wall. Building drain
73 That portion of an underground system, w/c cannot drain by gravity into the
building sewer. Building subdrain
74 Plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials that are pounded into
the annular space. Also, the material pounded into the annular opening. Caulking
75 A fitting, screwed or caulked over the end of a pipe for closing the pipe end. Cap
76 A fitting that is inside threaded , used to join outside threaded pipes. Coupling
77 A fitting that is threaded all throughout. Close nipple
78 A fitting used for closing an end of an inside threaded pipe. Plug
79 A fitting used for common vents. Double sanitary wye
80 A device designed & installed to separate & retain deleterious, hazardous or
undesirable matters from normal wastes & permits normal sewage or liquid Clarifier or
wastes to discharge into the disposal terminal by gravity. interceptor
81 An arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe will serve 2 traps. Common vent
82 A vertical pipe to convey rainwater. Conductor/downspout
83 A pipe fitting w/ adjacent reverse bends & shaped like the letter "S". Double-bend fitting
84 A metallic sleeve, caulked or joined to an opening in a pipe, into which a plug is
screwed that can be removed for cleaning or examining the interior of a pipe. Ferrule
85 An interceptor of at least 3 cubic meters capacity to serve one or more fixtures
and which is remotely located. Grease interceptor
86 A device designed to retain grease from one to a minimum of four fixtures. Grease trap
87 Any and all liquid or water-borne wastes from industrial or commercial
processes, except domestic sewage. Industrial waste
88 A condition contrary to sanitary principles or injurious to health. Insanitary
89 The lowest portion of the interior part of any pipe or conduit that is not vertical. Invert
90 A cesspool that is not watertight. Leaching cesspool
91 Water satisfactory for drinking, culinary and domestic purposes. Potable water
92 An outhouse or structure used for the deposition of excrement. Privy
93 A pit beneath a privy where excrement collects. Privy vault
94 Also known as a back vent. Revent pipe
95 The vertical distance between the dip & the crown weir of a trap. Seal
96 A watertight receptacle which receives the discharge odf a sanitary plumbing
system or part thereof, to retain solids, digest organic matter through a period of
detention & to allow the liquids to discharge into the soil outside of the tank. Septic tank
97 Also known as a backflow preventer. Vacuum breaker
98 Any pipe or fitting installed in such a way that it forms an angle of not more than
forty-five (45) degrees with the vertical line. Vertical pipe
 99 Normal water pressure is measured at ____. 80 psi
100 High water pressure is measured at ____. 160 psi

PLUMBING Part II
QUESTION ANSWER KEY
Minimum sizes of traps & cleanouts:
1 Bathtubs 1-1/2" diam.
2 Bath shower 2" diam.
3 Sitz bath 1-1/2" diam.
4 Foot bath 1-1/2" diam.
5 Bidet 1-1/2" diam.
6 Combination fixture 1-1/2" diam.
7 Floor drains 2" diam.
8 Fountain cupsidor 1-1/4" diam.
9 Sink, large hotel or public 2" diam.
10 Sink, dishwasher 1-1/4" diam.
11 Sink, slop w/ trap combined 3" diam.
12 Laundry trays 1-1/2" diam.
13 Sink, kitchen residence 1-1/2" diam.
14 Sink, pantry or bar 1-1/4" diam.
15 Sink, hotel for public 2" diam.
16 Sink, slopsink, ordinary 2" diam.
17 Urinal, lip 1-1/2" diam.
18 Urinal, through 2" diam.
19 Urinal, pedestal 3" diam.
20 Urinal, stall 2" diam.
21 Wash basin 1-1/4" diam.
22 Water closet 3" diam.

Color coding of pipings:

Steam division
1 high pressure white
2 exhaust system buff
Water division
3 fresh water, low pressure blue
4 fresh water, high pressure blue
5 saltwater piping green
Oil division
6 delivery brass/bronze
7 discharge yellow
Pneumatic division
8 all piping gray
Gas division
9 all piping black
Fuel Oil division
10 all piping black
Refrigerating division
11 pipes black
12 fittings black
FIRE CODE GLOSSARY
QUESTION ANSWER KEY
1 Any act that would remove or neutralize a fire hazard. Abatement
2 Any material or mixture consisting of a fuel & oxidizer used to set off explosives. Blasting agent
3 Any liquid having a flash point at or above 37.8 deg. C (100 deg. F) Combustible liquid
4 Any liquid w/c causes fire when in contact w/ organic matter or w/ certain chemicals. Corrosive liquid
5 A vertical panel of non-combustible or fire resistive materials attached to &
extending below the bottom chord of the roof trusses, to divide the underside of
the roof into separate compartments so that heat & smoke will be directed
upwards to a roof vent. Curtain board
6 Descriptive of any material w/c by its nature or as a result of its reaction w/ other
elements produces a rapid drop in temperature of the immediate surroundings. Cryogenic
7 A normally open device installed inside an air duct system w/c automatically
closes to restrict the passage of smoke or fire. Damper
8 An exteremely hot luminous bridge formed by the passage of an electric current
across a space between two conductors or terminals due to the incandescence
of the conducting vapor. Electric arc
9 A hot piece or lump that remains after a material has partially burned, and is still
oxidizing w/o the manifestation of flames. Ember
10 The portion of a roadway or public waythat should be kept opened &
unobstructed at all times for the expedient operations of fire fighting units. Fire lane
11 The minimum temperature at w/c any material give off vapor in sufficient concen-
tration to form an ignitable mixture w/ air. Flash point
12 A process where a piece of metal is heated prior to changing its shape or
dimensions. Forging
13 A kind of stable explosive compound w/c explodes by percussion. Fulminate
14 A rocket or liquid propellant w/c consist of combinations of fuels & oxidizers
w/c ignite spontaneously on contact w/ each other. Hypergolic fuel
15 A piece of metal or an electrical conductor used to bypass a safety device in an
electrical system. Jumper
16 A strong oxidizing organic compound w/c releases oxygen readily. Organic peroxide
17 Descriptive of any substance that ignites spontaneously when exposed to air. Pyrophonic
18 Melting or fusing of metallic ores or compounds so as to separate impurities
from pure metals. Smelting
PLUMBING

MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES

Type of building Water Closets Urinals Lavatories Bathtubs or Showers Drinking
or occupancy (fixtures per person) (fixtures per person) (fixtures per person) fountains
Dwellings
a) Single dwelling 1 per dwelling 1 per dwelling 1 per dwelling
b) Multiple dwelling or 1 per dwelling or 1 per dwelling or 1 per dwelling or
department apartment unit apartment unit apartment unit

Schools
a) Elementary Male Female Male Female
1:1-20 1:1-20 1:1-150 1:1-25
2:21-50 2:21-50 2:26-50 2:26-50
over 50, add 1 fixture for over 50, add 1 fixture for
each additional 50 persons 1 per 75 each additional 50 persons 1 per 75

b) Secondary Male Female Male Female

1 per 30 1 per 25 1 per 35 1 per 35 1 per 35 1 per 75

c) Colleges, Universities,
Adult centers, etc. Male Female Male Female
1 per 40 1 per 30 1 per 35 1 per 40 1 per 30 1 per 75

Office or Public
Buildings Male Female 1:1-100 Male Female
1:1-100 1:1-200 2:101-200 1:1-200 1:1-200
2:101-200 2:201-400 3:201-400 2:201-400 2:201-400
3:201-400 3:401-750 4:401-600 3:401-750 3:401-750
over 55, add 1 fixture for over 600, over 750, add 1 fixture for
each additional 500 males add 1 per each additional 500
and 2 for each 55 females each addt'l persons
300 males 1 per 75

Office or Public
Buildings (for employee Male Female 0:1-9 Male Female
use) 1:1-15 1:1-15 1:10-50 1 per 40 1 per 40
2:16-35 2:16-35 add 1 fixture
3:36-55 3:36-55 per each
over 55, add 1 fixture for additional
 each additional 40 persons 50 males 1 per 75

Assembly places -
Theaters & Auditoriums Male Female Male Female
(for public use) 1:1-100 3:1-50 1:1-100 1:1-200 1:1-200
2:101-200 4:51-100 2:101-200 2:201-400 2:201-400
3:201-400 8:101-200 3:201-400 3:401-750 3:401-750
11:201-400 4:401-600
over 400, add 1 fixture per over 600, add over 750, add 1 fixture for
each addt'l 500 males & 2 1 fixture per each additional 500
per each 300 females. each addt'l persons
500 males 1 per 75

Dormitories -
School or Labor Male Female 1 per 25 Male Female
1 per 10 1 per 8 over 150, add 1 1 per 12 1 per 12 1 per 8
add 1 fixture for each addt'l fixture for each over 150, add 1 fixture for
25 males (over 10) & 1 for additional 50 each addt'l 20 males & 1 for
each addt'l 20 females (over 8) males for each 15 addt'l females

Industrial & Commercial Male Female Male Female 1 shower for each 15
1:1-10 1:1-10 up to 100, 1 per 10 persons persons exposed to
2:11-25 2:11-25 excessive heat or to
3:26-50 3:26-50 over 100, 1 per 15 persons skin contamination
4:51-75 4:51-75 with poisonous,
5:76-100 5:76-100 infectious, or irritating
over 100, add 1 fixture for material
each additional 30 persons 1 per 75