Conduct your best Security Site Survey

with
CCTV and Video Lighting Fundamentals
Steve Surfaro
Group Manager, Industry Liaison
Panasonic System Solutions Company
Agenda
Assessment of existing systems/preliminary
recommendations
Intrusion detection
Fire alarm, access control, CCTV
Physical barriers, lighting
Crime prevention through environmental
design
Sample security system report format
Color temperature basics
Reflectance/emmisivity
Black and white IR applications
SDIII cameras in video lighting applications
Introduction

Where does the Security Site Survey sit

in the scheme of a Physical Security
Program?
Advantages of the Assessment Process
Identify the System Types to match and
minimize the Risk Types
Conduct the Site Survey
Pre-Assessment Phase

What are you going to Assess?

Protection this key information with
procedures
Identify and Rank Critical Assets
Assessment
Analyze Network Architecture
Assess Threat Environment
Test and try to defeat the System
Assess Physical Security (AKA The Site
Survey
Conduct Physical Asset Analysis
Assess Operations Security
Examine Policies and Procedures
Conduct Impact Analysis
Assess Infrastructure Interdependencies
Conduct Risk Characterization
Post-Assessment

Prioritize Recommendations
Develop Action Plan
Capture Lessons Learned and Best
Practices
Deploy Security System
Conduct Training
Advantages of Conducting
Assessments and Surveys

Increase awareness, not necessarily

paranoia
Establish a baseline
Identify vulnerabilities and develop
responses
What key assets drive the risk
management process
Promote action to minimize risk
Kick-off your Physical Security Program
Video Surveillance System Survey
Functional Aspects
Classify Video System by type:
Video Surveillance (Monitoring Function)
Forensic (Recording Function)
Video Analytics
Perimeter Security
Access Control
Classify Camera by Function
Monitor basic activity (subject is 5% of vertical)
Detection (10%)
Recognition (Human, Animal or Vehicle) (50%)
Identification (120%)
 Method of
Resolution Measurement & Camera Function
Verify all
Monitoring and
Recording
Functions using
Rotakin or
other accepted Monitor Detect
standard Not less than 5% Vertical Not less than 10% Vertical

Adjust System
as necessary
for key areas,
adding or
moving Recognition Identification
cameras as Not less than 50% Vertical Not less than 120% Vertical

required *courtesy Isle of Man Constabulary; CCTV Systems within Licensed Premises
 Image examples suitable for
Identification Function

Enlargement and enhancement

Images courtesy of
Scientific Working
Group on Imaging Technology Suitable Not Suitable
and APTA Draft Guidelines for Cameras
and
Digital Video Recording Systems
 An Aid to Identification the
Intelligent Auto Tracking Camera
Model WV-CW970 Low Cost
Accurate auto tracking capability Video
Template matching algorithm Analytic!
Auto tracking includes Pan, Tilt
and 2 steps zoom
Object can be locked to track
from the controller to support
operators activity
Masking can specify tracking Templat
area limit e

Camera, tracking DSP and micro

processor are all in one for ease
of setup and installation sy
sx
Same SDIII performance and
VMD and Template Matching
features available in WV-CW960
Intelligent Auto Tracking
Automatic Multi-Step Zoom Acquires Target
and follows without interference
Creates a better opportunity to identify subject
Successful Hand-off to another PTZ Camera
Original Camera resumes Auto Mode
Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 1

Return
to
Auto
Mode

Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 2 Camera 1 Camera 2

 Key Technology for High Contrast Light Scene:
SDIII Pixel Based 128x Dynamic Range
Signal Mix Threshold level & Gray scale Correction table Area Free (Pixel Based) Natural Contrast Image Correction
Short signal for bright

MIX

Super Dynamic III PLUS

Long signal for dark

1. Double speed CCD outputs short & long signal to capture the bright &
dark image.
2. DSP combines signals to provide 128x dynamic range.
3. Area Free (Pixel Based) Natural Contrast Image Correction
optimizes the gray-scale image in response to the input signal level of
each individual pixel.
4. Regardless of object position, size, shape, or number it delivers
smoother natural reproduction of high contrast images.
 Use Lens Estimator to Size Lens

Enter Scene
Height, Width
and Distance
for Each
Camera
As an
alternate, note
actual viewing
angle on
scaled
diagram
Determine
Object Height
on Monitor to
Match
Functional
Requirement
Determine
Focal Length
Video Site Survey Physical
Aspects
Viewing Angle Mounting Conditions
Environment Cabling Entry
Lighting type, level Requirements
Accessibility
Reflectance/
Special Objects /
Emissivity
Obstructions Scenes (some
examples)
Temperature
Vehicles
Humidity License Plates
Corrosives Shoreline/Border
Water Transit Platforms
Vandalism
Camera Functions

In Critical Locations, Back up PTZ

Cameras with a Fixed Camera
Consider Activation Methods for
PTZ Camera Preset Acquisition in
Survey
Use widest usable field of view for
fixed camera
Site Survey Cycle
Enter Site Survey Data (Rough
Sketches,
Location Notes)
Normalize Devices by Camera Types
Transfer to Floor Plans
Verify samples with actual site
Let there be light!
Color
Temp
Chart

ATW2
ATW1

AWC

Camera Settings
 CRI Color Rendition Index

Lighting Type Color Relative Image

Rendition Reproduction
Index
Daylight 100 Excellent
Incandescent 97 Excellent
Fluorescent 87-94 Excellent
Halogen 90-97 Excellent
LP Sodium 5 Poor
HP Sodium 30 Poor => Fair
Mercury Vapor 43 Poor => Fair
Metal Halide 70 Good
Reflectance
The ratio of the total amount of spectral
radiation, reflected by a surface to the total
amount of radiation incident on the surface
Luminance

Luminance is the intensity of

brightness (in candela per unit
area) of a surface
Higher luminance values are
associated with brighter surfaces.
Luminance

Concrete is 1.77 times more luminous

than asphalt
(reference chart; equation below)
Luminance Uniformity
Luminance uniformity is another significant
factor in the lighting of parking lots
represented by the maximum to minimum horizontal
luminance ratio (max:min)
High max:min ratios, certain areas of parking
lots can have low luminance levels
Associated with poor visibility
Low max:min ratios present a more uniform
luminance distribution.
Asphalt has a max:min luminance ratio of 1.97
times greater than concrete
Concrete has a more uniform luminance distribution
 Emmissivity of common materials

Chromium polished . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.08 0.36

Iron and steel (excluding stainless) polished iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.14 0.38

Iron and steel (excluding stainless) oxidized dull wrought iron . . . .. . . . . . 0.94

Stainless steel polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.07

Asphalt, tar, pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.95 1.00

Brick red and rough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.93

Glass - Pyrex, lead, soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.85 0.95

Paints, lacquers, and varnishes Black matte shellac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.91

Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.95 0.96

Wood planed oak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.90

 IR Surveillance System
Components
IP66 Rated Housing for Day/Night
Environmental Resistance
Camera
Day/Night Camera has IR IP66 Rated
w/
Sensitivity to match IR Housing Auto
Illuminator
BackFocus
Hi Speed Lens means the
Max. Aperture is large
(small number like f/0.75 ~
f/2)

Hi Speed
Varifocal Lens

Auto BackFocus Operation IR Illuminator

Camera/Lens Issues with IR
Illumination
CCTV Cameras - Automatic Switchover
Day/Night : Color to B/W
Duration/Level Adjustments
Anti Day/Night Mode Hunting
Day / Night and IR Compatible Lenses
Automatic Axial chromatic aberration
compensation (focus shift)
Axial chromatic aberration is a phenomenon of being out
of focus on the optical axis which is caused by light
wavelength
Lenses may respond to various IR ranges
(700nm~ 1,500nm)
Reading Camera IR Response
Curves
Find the Wavelength(s) that the IR illuminator will
produce
Camera on right has 33% greater IR response at 850
nm
Camera will product a brighter image with same IR
illuminator
Video System Design Best
Practices
Make sure users have the live and recorded
image quality they need
Maintain most favorable criteria for your
project
Lowest Reasonable Cost for System
Increase the number of ways you can access your
video information
Spend as much as you can afford to
strengthen and secure your network
Do not have one device service too many user
or perform many functions Improve your
System Survivability
Model all network-based systems prior to
specification phase
Conclusions

The Assessment and Survey Process

increases awareness
Think like a thief and ways to defeat the
system
Expect wider ranging environmental conditions
(light, etc.) than seen at survey
If using wireless technologies, you must
conduct a separate RF Survey
Limit the Camera Usage to its primary function
Use additional Cameras for simultaneous
functions in critical areas