INTRODUCTION

Morse code is a method of transmitting text information as a series of

on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled
listener or observer without special equipment. It is named for Samuel F.
B. Morse, an inventor of the telegraph. The International Morse
Code[1] encodes the ISO basic Latin alphabet, some extra Latin letters,
the Arabic numerals and a small set of punctuation and procedural
signals (prosigns) as standardized sequences of short and long signals
called "dots" and "dashes",[1] or "dits" and "dahs", as in amateur
radio practice. Because many non-English natural languages use more
than the 26 Roman letters, extensions to the Morse alphabet exist for
those languages.

Each Morse code symbol represents either a text character (letter or

numeral) or a prosign and is represented by a unique sequence of dots
and dashes. The duration of a dash is three times the duration of a dot.
Each dot or dash is followed by a short silence, equal to the dot duration.
The letters of a word are separated by a space equal to three dots (one
dash), and the words are separated by a space equal to seven dots. The
dot duration is the basic unit of time measurement in code transmission.
[1]
To increase the speed of the communication, the code was designed
so that the length of each character in Morse varies approximately
inversely to its frequency of occurrence in English. Thus the most
common letter in English, the letter "E", has the shortest code, a single
dot.

Morse code is used by some amateur radio operators, although

knowledge of and proficiency with it is no longer required for licensing in
most countries. Pilots and air traffic controllers usually need only a
cursory understanding. Aeronautical navigational aids, such
as VORs and NDBs, constantly identify in Morse code. Compared to
voice, Morse code is less sensitive to poor signal conditions, yet still
comprehensible to humans without a decoding device. Morse is
therefore a useful alternative to synthesized speech for sending
automated data to skilled listeners on voice channels. Many amateur
radio repeaters, for example, identify with Morse, even though they are
used for voice communications.

In an emergency, Morse code can be sent by improvised methods that

can be easily "keyed" on and off, making it one of the simplest and most
versatile methods of telecommunication. The most common distress
signal is SOS or three dots, three dashes and three dots, internationally.
The microcontroller used is MSP430g2553 whose pin diagram
is shown below.

Description

The Texas Instruments MSP430 family of ultra-low-power

microcontrollers consists of several devices featuring different sets of
peripherals targeted for various applications. The architecture, combined
with five low-power modes, is optimized to achieve extended battery life
in portable measurement applications. The device features a powerful
16-bit RISC CPU, 16-bit registers, and constant generators that
contribute to maximum code efficiency. The digitally controlled oscillator
(DCO) allows wake-up from low-power modes to active mode in less
than 1 s.

The MSP430G2x13 and MSP430G2x53 series are ultra-low-power

mixed signal microcontrollers with built-in 16-bit timers, up to 24 I/O
 capacitive-touch enabled pins, a versatile analog comparator, and built-
in communication capability using the universal serial communication
interface. In addition the MSP430G2x53 family members have a 10-bit
analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. For configuration details see .

Typical applications include low-cost sensor systems that capture analog

signals, convert them to digital values, and then process the data for
display or for transmission to a host system.

Features
Low Supply-Voltage Range: 1.8 V to 3.6 V
Ultra-Low Power Consumption
o Active Mode: 230 A at 1 MHz, 2.2 V
o Standby Mode: 0.5 A
o Off Mode (RAM Retention): 0.1 A
Five Power-Saving Modes
Ultra-Fast Wake-Up From Standby Mode in Less Than 1 s
16-Bit RISC Architecture, 62.5-ns Instruction Cycle Time
Basic Clock Module Configurations
o Internal Frequencies up to 16 MHz With Four Calibrated Frequency
o Internal Very-Low-Power Low-Frequency (LF) Oscillator
o 32-kHz Crystal
o External Digital Clock Source
Two 16-Bit Timer_A With Three Capture/Compare Registers
Up to 24 Capacitive-Touch Enabled I/O Pins
Universal Serial Communication Interface (USCI)
o Enhanced UART Supporting Auto Baudrate Detection (LIN)
o IrDA Encoder and Decoder
o Synchronous SPI
o I2C
On-Chip Comparator for Analog Signal Compare Function or Slope Analog-to-Digital
(A/D) Conversion
10-Bit 200-ksps Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Converter With Internal Reference, Sample-and-
Hold, and Autoscan
 Brownout Detector
Serial Onboard Programming, No External Programming Voltage Needed,
Programmable Code Protection by Security Fuse
On-Chip Emulation Logic With Spy-Bi-Wire Interface
Package Options
o TSSOP: 20 Pin, 28 Pin
o PDIP: 20 Pin
o QFN: 32 Pin

The schematic and board layout has been prepared in Eagle

cad.

Schematic is shown below:-

Board layout :-
Components used are:-

1)PCB fabrication kit

2) msp430g2553

3)resistors

4)push butons

5)switches

6)capacitors

7)buzzer

8)LEDs

9)nuts and bolts

The microcontroller chip has been coded in embedded c using

Code Composer Studio Ide.Whole circuit is powered using mini
USB.
GURU GOBIND SINGH
INDRAPRASTHA
UNIVERSITY

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON EMBEDDED DESIGN

OF
MORSE CODE DECODER

SUBMITTED BY : ROHIT CHAUDHARY

B.Tech ECE(7th sem)

00316412813
MORSE CODE DECODER