Fundamentals Quizzes

academy
fundamentals
quizzes
1
Topic: Sets
Question: Which of the following is another name for counting numbers?
Answer choices:
A Natural numbers
B Whole numbers
C Real numbers
D Integers
2
Solution: A
Counting numbers are also called natural numbers. They are the set of positive integers, or
positive whole numbers,
{1,2,3,4,...}
All of the natural numbers are whole numbers, but unlike the set of whole numbers, the set
of natural numbers doesnt include 0. Additionally, all natural numbers are real numbers,
but real numbers includes things like fractions and decimals, which arent included in
natural numbers. Natural numbers are also integers, but integers includes negative
numbers and 0, where natural numbers dont.
3
Topic: Sets
Question: Which set could represent natural numbers?
Answer choices:
A {0,1,2,3,...}
B {1,2,3,4,...}
C {1,0,1,2,}
D {4, 3, 2, 1,}
4
Solution: B
Natural numbers, also known as counting numbers, includes only positive integers. The
set of natural numbers does not include 0.
5
Topic: Sets
Question: Which set makes sense?
Answer choices:
A Boys = {Tom,Joe,Eric}
B Girls = {1,2,3}
C Oddnumbers = {2,4,6}
D Fruit = {Peas,Carrots}
6
Solution: A
Tom, Joe and Eric are all boys, so the set of Boys could be made up of those values. On
the other hand, 1, 2 and 3 are not girls; 2, 4 and 6 are not odd numbers, theyre even
numbers; and peas and carrots are not fruits, theyre vegetables.
7
Topic: Identity numbers
Question: Choose the identity number for addition.
Answer choices:
A 1
B 0
C 1
1
D
1
8
Solution: B
0 is the identity number for addition, because you can add 0 to anything without changing
the identity. For example, x + 0 = x.
9
Topic: Negative numbers, opposite of a number
Question: Which numbers are opposites?
Answer choices:
A 1 and 2
B 3 and 3
C 2 and 1/2
D 0 and 1
10
Solution: B
3 and 3 are opposite numbers because theyre the same distance from the origin (three
units). In other words, theyre the same number but have opposite signs.
11
Topic: Signed numbers, addition and subtraction
Question: Simplify the expression.
3 + 4
Answer choices:
A 1
B 7
C 1
D 7
12
Solution: C
We can rewrite the expression and solve it.
3 + 4
43
We can also find the answer on the number line. Given 3 + 4, wed move to 3 on the
number line, which is three spots to the left of 0. Then, because were asked to add 4 to
3, well start at 3 where we left o and move to the right 4 spots, ending up at 1.
13
Topic: Negative numbers, addition and subtraction
Question: Which equation is the same?
33=0
Answer choices:
A 3+3=0
B 3 (3) = 0
C 3 + (3) = 0
D 3 + [(3)] = 0
14
Solution: C
Subtraction is the same as addition of a negative.
3 + (3) = 0
33=0
0=0
15
Topic: Negative numbers, addition and subtraction
Question: Which of these is true?
Answer choices:
A 3 + (+2) = 1
B 3 + (2) = 1
C 3 (2) = 1
D 3 (+2) = 1
16
Solution: B
Subtraction is the same as addition of a negative.
3 + (2) = 1
32=1
1=1
17
Topic: Negative numbers, multiplication
3 4
Answer choices:
A 12
B 12
C 7
D 1
18
Solution: B
Whenever we multiply two numbers together where one number is positive and the other
is negative, well get a negative answer. We know that 3 4 = 12, and since one of our
numbers is negative and the other is positive, we know the answer is 3 4 = 12.
19
Topic: Negative numbers, multiplication
Answer choices:
A 52=7
B 5 2 = 10
C 5 2 = 10
D 5 2 = 10
20
Solution: B
Multiplying two numbers together that have the same sign will always result in a positive
number. Multiplying two numbers together that have dierent signs will always result in a
negative number.
5 2 = 10
10 = 10
21
Topic: Negative numbers, division
Answer choices:
12
A =3
4
12
B =3
4
12
C =3
4
12
D =3
4
22
Solution: A
Dividing a positive number by another positive number, or dividing a negative number by

another negative number, will always result in a positive answer. In other words, if the
signs are the same, the answer will be positive.
On the other hand, dividing a negative number by a positive number, or dividing a positive
number by a negative number, will always result in a negative answer. In other words, if the
signs are dierent, the answer will be negative.
12
=3
4
23
Topic: Negative numbers, absolute value
| 3|
Answer choices:
A 3
B 0
C 3
D 1
24
Solution: C
Order of operations tells us that we have to do the computation inside the absolute value
bars first. Absolute value is the same as distance from the origin, and 3 is 3 units from
the origin on the number line. But then we still have to apply the negative sign thats
outside the absolute value bars, so we get
| 3| = 3
25
| 3 2|
Answer choices:
A 1
B 5
C 1
D 5
26
Solution: D
bars first. When we subtract 2 from 3, we get
| 3 2|
| 3 2| = | 5|
Absolute value bars tell us that we need to find the distance from the origin of whatevers
inside the absolute value bars. Since the point 5 is 5 units from the origin on the number
line, we get
| 3 2| = 5
27
|2 3 3| | 2|
Answer choices:
A 6
B 2
C 6
D 4
28
Solution: C
bars first.
|2 3 3| | 2|
| 4| | 2|
Absolute value bars tell us that we need to find the distance from the origin of whatevers
inside the absolute value bars. Since the point 4 is 4 units from the origin on the number
line, we get
4 | 2 |
Since the point 2 is 2 units from the origin on the number line, we get
4 2
29
Topic: Prime and composite
Question: Which number is prime?
Answer choices:
A 32
B 43
C 51
D 105
30
Solution: B
If we can factor any number out of the answer choice that isnt 1 or the number itself, then
we know its a composite number, not a prime number.
We can factor a 2 out of 32. 32 2 = 16
The only number we cant find a factor for is 43, so this is the only prime number, and the
correct answer is answer choice B.
31
Topic: Product of primes
Question: Find the product of primes.
120
Answer choices:
A 225
B 22355
C 22235
D 222235
32
Solution: C
We need to find the product of prime numbers that make up 120.
120
12 10
6252
32252
Now well collect the factors in ascending order.
22235
We can also write it as
23 3 5
33
Topic: Product of primes
Question: Find the product of primes.
300
Answer choices:
A 2335
B 22335
C 2235
D 22355
34
Solution: D
We need to find the product of prime numbers that make up 120.
300
30 10
6552
32552
Now well collect the factors in ascending order.
22355
We can also write it as
22 3 52
35
Topic: Multiples
Question: Which set represents multiples of the number?
Answer choices:
A 3, 6, 9, 12
B 7, 14, 21, 28
C 36, 43, 50, 64
D 78, 85, 92, 99
36
Solution: B
We can see that the first four multiples of 7 are given in answer choice B.
71=7
7 2 = 14
7 3 = 21
7 4 = 28
37
Topic: Least common multiple
Question: Find the least common multiple (LCM) of the set.
{4,6}
Answer choices:
A 10
B 12
C 24
D 30
38
Solution: B
The least common multiple of two numbers is the smallest value thats evenly divisible by
both numbers. When the numbers in our set are fairly small, the best way to find the LCM
is to list their first few multiples to see if we can find one that they have in common.
41= 4 61= 6
42= 8 62= 12
43= 12 63= 18
44= 16 64= 24
45= 20 65= 30
46= 24 66= 36
The first time they overlap is when 4 3 = 12 and 6 2 = 12. Therefore, the least common
multiple of 4 and 6 is 12.
39
Topic: Least common multiple
Question: Find the least common multiple (LCM) of the set.
{10,24}
Answer choices:
A 120
B 240
C 2
D 10
40
Solution: A
The least common multiple of two numbers is the smallest value thats evenly divisible by
both numbers. When the numbers in our set are a little larger, the best way to find the LCM
is to break down each number into its product of primes.
10 24
5 2 12 2
622
3222
The product of primes are
2 5 23 3
Across both product of primes, we have factors of 2, 3, and 5. We have to take the largest
number of factors for each of those numbers. For example, theres only one factor of 2 in
10, but there are three factors of 2 in 24, which means we have to take three factors of 2
for our LCM. We also have to take one factor of 3 and one factor of 5.
Therefore, our least common multiple is
23 3 5
22235
4235
835
24 5
120
41
Topic: Divisibility
Question: Which of the answer choices is divisible by this number?
Answer choices:
A 63
B 20
C 22
D 310
42
Solution: A
If the sum of the digits in a number is divisible by 3, then the number is divisible by 3.
63 6 + 3 = 9 93=3
20 2 + 0 = 2 2 3 = 2/3
22 2 + 2 = 4 4 3 = 4/3
310 3 + 1 + 0 = 4 4 3 = 4/3
Since the sum of the digits in 63 is the only sum divisible by 3, then 63 is the only number
divisible by 3.
43
Topic: Decimals, place value
Question: Identify the place value of the underlined digit.
0.0004
Answer choices:
A Hundredths
B Thousandths
C Thousands
D Tenths
44
Solution: B
The indicated decimal place is the thousandths place.
X,000.0000 Thousands place
X00.0000 Hundreds place
X0.0000 Tens place
X.0000 Ones (units) place
0000.X Tenths place
0000.0X Hundredths place
0000.00X Thousandths place
45
Topic: Decimals, place value
Question: Identify the place value of the underlined digit.
4,365,831
Answer choices:
A Ten thousands
B Hundred thousands
C Hundred thousandths
D Millions
46
Solution: B
The indicated decimal place is the hundred thousands place.
X00,000.0000 Hundred thousands place
X0,000.0000 Ten thousands place
X,000.0000 Thousands place
X00.0000 Hundreds place
X0.0000 Tens place
X.0000 Ones (units) place
0000.X Tenths place
0000.0X Hundredths place
0000.00X Thousandths place
0000.000X Ten thousandths place
0000.0000X Hundred thousandths place
47
Topic: Decimal arithmetic
Question: Find the sum.
2.53 + 2.351
Answer choices:
A 4.88
B 5.881
C 4.881
D 3.883
48
Solution: C
Line up the decimal places, then add.
2.53
+ 2.351
4.881
49
Question: Find the dierence.
10.84 7.635
Answer choices:
A 3.205
B 32.05
C 4.2
D 1.327
50
Solution: A
Line up the decimal places, then subtract, adding extra zeros to the end of the decimal
numbers if necessary.
10.840
7.635
3.205
51
Question: Find the product.
1.5 2.35
Answer choices:
A 3.55
B 34.25
C 3.525
D 352.5
52
Solution: C
Multiply normally, ignoring the decimals.
2.35
+ 1.5
1175
+2350
3525
Between the two given numbers, there are three digits to the right of the decimal place, so
well move the decimal three places to the left.
3525
3.525
53
Topic: Repeating decimals
Question: Whats the next digit in the number?
5.63215
Answer choices:
A 3
B 6
C 5
D 1
54
Solution: B
The line over the 63215 indicates that this part of the number is repeating, which means
the number could be written as
5.63215632156321563215...
Therefore, the next digit is a 6.
55
Topic: Rounding decimals
Question: Round to the nearest hundredth.
0.73862
Answer choices:
A 0.75
B 0.72
C 0.74
D 0.73
56
Solution: C
The hundredths place in the given number is where the 3 is currently sitting.
0.73862
To round to this place, well look at the number to the immediate right, which is the 8. If
this number is greater than or equal to 5, well round the 3 up to 4. If the number is less
than 5, we leave the 3 as a 3. Since 8 5, we round up and get
0.74
57
Topic: Reducing fractions and cancellation
Question: Reduce the fraction.
50
85
Answer choices:
10
A
17
25
B
42
3
C
4
10
D
15
58
Solution: A
Lets do prime factorization to break the numerator and denominator into their prime
factors.
50
85
552
17 5
The only common factor between the numerator and denominator is a single factor of 5,
so well cancel it, leaving just
52
17
10
17
59
Topic: Equivalent fractions and reducing
Question: Which fraction is equivalent to the given fraction?
3
7
Answer choices:
7
A
14
24
B
56
10
C
21
7
D
3
60
Solution: B
Of these answer choices, the fraction in answer choice B is the only fraction thats
equivalent to 3/7. We know that 24/56 is equivalent to 3/7, because we can reduce it to
3/7. If we break the numerator and denominator into their prime factors, we get
24
56
3222
7222
The numerator and denominator have three common factors of 2, so we can cancel all of
them, and be left with
3
7
We also know that 24/56 is equivalent to 3/7 because we can see that wed have to
multiply the numerator of the original fraction (3) by 8 in order to get the numerator of the
equivalent fraction (24). And since multiplying the original denominator (7) by the same
number (8) also gives the denominator of the equivalent fraction (56), we can say that
7 ( 8 ) 56
3 8 24
=
3 24
(1) =
7 56
3 24
=
7 56
61
Topic: Division of zero
Question: Which of these is false?
Answer choices:
A 10=0
1
B =0
0
0
C =0
1
D 01=0
62
Solution: B
A fraction is always undefined if the denominator is equal to 0.
If we try to simplify the equation in answer choice B, we get
1
=0
0
1=00
1=0
This cant possibly be true, so we know the equation is false.
63
Topic: Division of zero
Answer choices:
0
A =0
x
x
B =0
0
2x
C =0
0
1
D 2 x=0
2
64
Solution: A
A fraction is always undefined if the denominator is equal to 0, so answer choices B and C

are undefined.
Answer choice D is not true because the left-hand side isnt 0.
Answer choice A is the correct choice because 0 divided by any non-zero number is 0.
0
=0
x
0=0
65
Topic: Fractions, addition and subtraction
1 3
+
5 7
Answer choices:
11
A
35
4
B
12
3
C
35
22
D
35
66
Solution: D
To add two fractions together, they must have the same denominator. To find the common
denominator, we look for the least common multiple of the two denominators 5 and 7. The
smallest number that divides evenly by 5 and 7 is 35. Therefore, we get
1 3
+
5 7
5 (7) 7 (5)
1 7 3 5
+
7 15
+
35 35
7 + 15
35
22
35
67
Question: What is the lowest common denominator for the expression?
1 1 1
+ +
2 8 20
Answer choices:
A 20
B 8
C 40
D 320
68
Solution: C
To find the least common denominator of a set of fractions, we need to find the least
common multiple of their denominators. In other words, whats the smallest number that
divides evenly by 2, 8 and 20?
To figure this out, well use the largest number (20), and list its first few multiples.
20 1 = 20
20 2 = 40
20 3 = 60
20 4 = 80
20 5 = 100
2 and 20 will both divide evenly into 20, but 8 wont. However, 2 and 8 and 20 all divide
evenly into 40, so 40 is the least common multiple of these three numbers, and therefore
its the least common denominator for these three fractions.
69
10 6

7 15
Answer choices:
3
A
4
7
B
15
4
C
8
108
D
105
70
Solution: D
To subtract one fraction from another, they have to have a common denominator.
10 6

7 15
7 ( 15 ) 15 ( 7 )
10 15 6 7

150 42

105 105
150 42
105
108
105
71
Topic: Fractions, multiplication and division
3 2

21 5
Answer choices:
2
A
35
5
B
26
6
C
21
15
D
42
72
Solution: A
To multiply two fractions together, well multiply the numerators together to get the new
numerator, and multiply the denominators together to get the new denominator.
3 2

21 5
32
21 5
6
105
We always need to make sure that the resulting fraction is reduced to lowest terms.
63
105 3
2
35
73
Topic: Reciprocals
Question: Find the reciprocal.
1
3
Answer choices:
1
A
3
B 3
2
C
3
D 3
74
Solution: D
The reciprocal of a fraction is whatever we get when we replace the numerator with the
denominator and the denominator with the numerator. In the given fraction,
1
3
the numerator is 1 and the denominator is 3. When we switch them, we get
3
1
75
Topic: Reciprocals
Question: Find the reciprocal.
14
21
Answer choices:
7
A
4
21
B
7
3
C
2
1
D 1
4
76
Solution: C
14
21
21
14
The result isnt in lowest terms, so well reduce it by dividing both the numerator and
denominator by the greatest common factor, 7.
21 7
14 7
3
2
77
Topic: Reciprocals
Question: Find the negative reciprocal.
1

7
Answer choices:
A 7
B 7
7
C
1
D 1
78
Solution: B
1

7
7

1
Since were looking for the negative reciprocal, we have to take the reciprocal we just
found and multiply it by 1.
7(1)
79
Topic: Fractions to decimals to percents
Question: Find a mixed fraction that represents the given value.
3 % of 80
Answer choices:
1
A 2
2
2
B 2
5
3
C 2
5
1
D 2
4
80
Solution: B
To find 3 % of 80, we set it up as
3
80
100
3
4
5
12
5
5 goes into 12 two times, with a remainder of 2, so we can change the improper fraction to
a mixed fraction and get
2
2
5
81
Question: Convert the fraction to a percent.
40
80
Answer choices:
A 75 %
B 80 %
C 20 %
D 50 %
82
Solution: D
First, since the fraction isnt already in lowest terms, well reduce it to lowest terms.
40
80
40 40
80 40
1
2
To convert this fraction to a percent, we can first convert to a decimal using long division,
and then convert the decimal to a percent by moving the decimal place, or we can set up
the following proportion.
1 x
=
2 100
1 100 = 2 x
100 = 2x
100
=x
2
x = 50 %
83
Question: What percentage of the students have brown hair?
7
of the 60 students have brown hair
12
Answer choices:
A 35 %
1
B 58 %
3
C 57 %
D 32 %
84
Solution: B
First, we need to figure out what 7/12 of 60 is.
7
60
12
7
5
1
35
We can now say that 35 of the 60 students have brown hair, but weve been asked for the
percentage of students with brown hair, so we need to convert
35
60
to a percentage.
35 x
=
60 100
7 x
=
12 100
Cross multiplying, we get
12x = 700
700
x=
12
175
x=
3
1
x = 58 %
3
85
Question: Fill in the missing value.
Fraction Decimal Percent
? 0.23 23 %
Answer choices:
23
A
1,000
B 2.3
23
C
10,000
23
D
100
86
Solution: D
Since we already know the percentage associated with the missing number, we can just
take the percent (23), and divide it by 100 to get the fraction.
23
100
87
Topic: Percent markup
Question: What price does the store sell it for?
If a bicycle store purchases a bike from the manufacturer for $100, and they mark it up
3 % , how much are they selling the bike for?
Answer choices:
A $3
B $110
C $103
D $105
88
Solution: C
First, well find the amount of money the store marked-up the bike. Well multiply 3 % by
the purchase price.
3% $100
3
$100
100
$3
They marked it up by $3, so well add that to the purchase price to find the selling price.
$100 + $3
$103
89
Topic: Percent markup
Question: What price does the store buy it for?
If a furniture store purchases a sofa from the manufacturer, marks it up by 62 % , and sells
the item for $1,296.00, how much did the store pay the manufacturer for the sofa?
Answer choices:
A $800.00
B $900.00
C $1,000.00
D $1,100.00
90
Solution: A
If the store paid x for the sofa and marked it up by 62 % , then the price theyre selling it for
is 1.62 times the price they paid for it.
1.62x = $1,296.00
1.62x $1,296.00
=
1.62 1.62
x = $800.00
The store paid the manufacturer $800.00 for the sofa, marked it up by 62 % or $496.00, and
then sold the item to the customer for $1,296.00.
91
Topic: Mixed numbers and improper fractions
Question: Change the mixed number to an improper fraction.
2
15
5
Answer choices:
77
A
5
45
B
5
27
C
5
17
D
5
92
Solution: A
To change a mixed number to an improper fraction, just multiply the denominator by the
whole number, then add your result to the numerator, putting that final result over the
original denominator.
2
15
5
5 15 + 2
5
75 + 2
5
77
5
93
Topic: Mixed numbers, addition and subtraction
1 7
2 +5
2 8
Answer choices:
8
A 7
9
3
B 7
8
1
C 8
8
3
D 8
8
94
Solution: D
Well add the whole numbers together separately from the fractions.
1 7
2 +5
2 8
1 7
2+5+ +
2 8
1 7
7+ +
2 8
To add the fractions, we have to find the lowest common denominator (LCD), which is the
least common multiple of the denominators.
2 (8) 8 (2)
1 8 7 2
7+ +
8 14
7+ +
16 16
22
7+
16
We can reduce the fraction.
22 2
7+
16 2
11
7+
8
Since the remaining fraction is improper, we can pull out a 1 and then write the answer as
an improper fraction.
8 3
7+ +
8 8
3
7+1+
8
95
3
8+
8
3
8
8
96
Topic: Mixed numbers, multiplication and division
1 7
2
2 3
Answer choices:
7
A
3
6
B
35
35
C
6
1
D 6
5
97
Solution: C
First, well convert the mixed number into an improper fraction.
1 7
2
2 3
22+1 7

2 3
5 7

2 3
To multiply the fractions, well multiply the numerators together to get the new numerator,
and well multiply the denominators together to get the new denominator.
57
23
35
6
98
1 7
2
2 6
Answer choices:
15
A
7
14
B
6
35
C
12
35
D
6
99
Solution: A
First, well convert the mixed number into an improper fraction.
1 7
2
2 6
22+1 7

2 6
5 7

2 6
Instead of dividing by 7/6, well multiply by its reciprocal.
5 6

2 7
56
27
30
14
Now well reduce the fraction to its lowest terms by dividing the numerator and
denominator by their greatest common factor.
30 2
14 2
15
7
100
1 1
3 1
6 8
Answer choices:
27
A
76
76
B
27
1
C 4
2
9
D
6
101
Solution: B
First, well convert the mixed numbers into improper fractions.
1 1
3 1
6 8
63+1 81+1

6 8
19 9

6 8
Instead of dividing by 9/8, well multiply by its reciprocal.
19 8

6 9
19 8
69
152
54
Now well reduce the fraction to its lowest terms by dividing the numerator and
denominator by their greatest common factor.
152 2
54 2
76
27
102
Topic: Ratio and proportion
Question: Solve for the variable.
3 x
=
4 8
Answer choices:
A x=6
B x=4
C x = 10
D x=2
103
Solution: A
Well need to find the relationship between the constant denominators, so that we can use
that relationship to find a value for x.
The denominator on the left is 4, and the denominator on the right is 8. Since 8 is twice as
big as 4, we know that x must be twice as big as 3.
x = 2(3)
x=6
Alternatively, we can just cross multiply to get our answer.
3 x
=
4 8
38=4x
24 = 4x
x=6
104
x 3
=
10 70
Answer choices:
1
A x=
7
10
B x=
3
C x = 70
3
D x=
7
105
Solution: D
Well need to find the relationship between the constant denominators, so that we can use
that relationship to find a value for x.
The denominator on the left is 10, and the denominator on the right is 70. Since 70 is seven
times as big as 10, we know that 3 must be seven times as big as x.
7x = 3
3
x=
7
Alternatively, we can just cross multiply to get our answer.
x 3
=
10 70
70 x = 3 10
70x = 30
30
x=
70
3
x=
7
106
4 2
=
m 7
Answer choices:
A m=2
B m=4
C m=8
D m = 14
107
Solution: D
We need to cross multiply.
4 2
=
m 7
4(7) = 2(m)
28 = 2m
2m 28
=
2 2
m = 14
108
Find x if
x d
=
a+b m
Answer choices:
m
A x=
d(a + b)
d(a + b)
B x=
m
dm
C x=
a+b
a+b
D x=
dm
109
Solution: B
We need to cross multiply.
x d
=
a+b m
x(m) = d(a + b)
m x = d(a + b)
Then well divide by m to get x by itself on the left-hand side.
mx d(a + b)
=
m m
d(a + b)
x=
m
110
Topic: Unit price
Question: Given the cost of apples, how many can you buy?
If the price of apples is two for $0.50, how many can you buy for $3.00?
Answer choices:
A 8
B 6
C 4
D 12
111
Solution: D
If you can buy two apples for $0.50, that means you can buy one for $0.25
2 apples 2 1 apple
=
$0.50 2 $0.25
Then, if you can buy one apple for $0.25, that means you can buy 12 apples for $3.00.
$3.00 $0.25
12
112
Topic: Unit price
Question: Whats the price per ounce?
A box of cereal costs $4.80, and theres 16 ounces in the box.
Answer choices:
A $0.50
B $1.00
C $0.40
D $0.30
113
Solution: D
If 16 ounces cost $4.80, then we can cross multiply and say that 1 ounce will cost
16 ounces 1 ounce
=
$4.80 x
(16 ounces)x = $4.80(1 ounce)
$4.80(1 ounce)
x=
16 ounces
Canceling units, we get
$4.80
x=
16
x = $0.30
114
Topic: Unit multipliers
Question: Convert from feet to inches.
3 ft
Answer choices:
A 12 in
B 6 in
C 3 in
D 36 in
115
Solution: D
We put feet in the numerator and inches in the denominator, in order to get to the units we
want.
12 in
3 ft
1 ft
36 in
116
Question: Convert from cubic centimeters to cubic meters.
6,000 cm3
Answer choices:
A 0.6 m3
B 0.06 m3
C 0.006 m3
D 0.0006 m3
117
Solution: C
We put meters in the numerator and centimeters in the denominator, in order to get to the
units we want. Because were dealing with cubic centimeters, we need three factors of
each.
1m 1m 1m
6,000 cm3
100 cm 100 cm 100 cm
1m 1m 1m
6,000 cm3
100 cm 100 cm 100 cm
6,000 m3
(100)(100)(100)
6,000
m3
1,000,000
6
m3
1,000
0.006 m3
118
Question: Convert from square yards to square centimeters.
3 yd2 assume 2.54 cm in 1 in
Answer choices:
A 300 cm2
B 3,888 cm2
C 274.32 cm2
D 25,083.82 cm2
119
Solution: D
Since we know there are 3 ft in 1 yd, we put feet in the numerator and yards in the
denominator in order to convert from yards to feet. Because were dealing with square
yards, we need two factors of each.
3 ft 3 ft
3 yd2
1 yd 1 yd
2 9 ft2
3 yd
1 yd2
27 ft2
Since we know there are 12 in in 1 ft, we put inches in the numerator and feet in the
denominator in order to convert from feet to inches. Because were dealing with square
feet, we need two factors of each.
12 in 12 in
27 ft2
1 ft 1 ft
2 144 in2
27 ft
1 ft2
3,888 in2
Since we know there are 2.54 cm in 1 in, we put centimeters in the numerator and inches
in the denominator in order to convert from inches to centimeters. Because were dealing
with square inches, we need two factors of each.
2.54 cm 2.54 cm
3,888 in2
1 in 1 in
2 6.4516 cm2
3,888 in
1 in2
25,083.82 cm2
If we wanted to do the conversion in one step, we could have written the conversion as
120
3 ft 3 ft 12 in 12 in 2.54 cm 2.54 cm
3 yd2
1 yd 1 yd 1 ft 1 ft 1 in 1 in
3 ft 3 ft 12 in 12 in 2.54 cm 2.54 cm
3 yd2
1 yd 1 yd 1 ft 1 ft 1 in 1 in
3 3 3 12 12 2.54 cm 2.54 cm
25,083.82 cm2
121
Topic: Chemical compounds
Question: Find molecular mass.
If Beryllium Fluoride is given by the chemical symbol BeF2 and has a molecular
mass of about 47 g, and if the atomic mass of one Beryllium atom is 9 g and the
atomic mass of one Fluorine atom is 19 g, find the molecular mass of a molecule
containing 228 g of Fluorine.
Answer choices:
A 210 g
B 242 g
C 182 g
D 282 g
122
Solution: D
Based on its chemical symbol, Beryllium Fluoride contains 1 Beryllium atom and 2 Fluorine
atoms. Since one Fluorine atom as a mass of 19 g, that means that a single molecule of
Beryllium Fluoride contains
(19 g)(2)
38 g
of Fluorine. Therefore, since the molecular mass of Beryllium Fluorine is 47 g, we can say
that the mass of the Fluorine is
38 g
47 g
of the total mass of one molecule of Beryllium Fluorine. If we want to total molecular mass
when the molecule contains 228 g of Fluorine, we can set up the proportion.
38 g 228 g
=
47 g x
38 228 g
=
47 x
Cross multiplying, we get
38x = (228 g)(47)
38x = 10,716 g
x = 282 g
123
Topic: Rules of exponents
xx
Answer choices:
A x2
B 2x
C x
D 3x
124
Solution: A
We can rewrite the given expression as
xx
x1 x1
Then using the fact that
x a x b = x a+b
we can say that the expression is
x 1+1
x2
125
x2 x2 x5
Answer choices:
A x 20
B x4
C x9
D x7
126
Solution: C
Using the fact that
x a x b = x a+b
or, in this particular case,
x a x b x c = x a+b+c
we can say that the expression is
x 2+2+5
x9
127
Question: Which of the equations are true?
Answer choices:
A x a x b = x a+b
xa ab
B = x
xb
(x ) = x
a b ab
C
D All of these
128
Solution: D
All of these are true rules of exponents.
129
x x y2 y5 m m m
Answer choices:
A x y 2m
B x 2y 6m 2
C x 2 y 7m 3
D x ym
130
Solution: C
The rule we need to use here is
x a x b = x a+b
In other words, when we multiply functions with the same base, we add their exponents.
We can rewrite our function to include the implied 1 exponents, and then use the rule
above to simplify.
x x y2 y5 m m m
x1 x1 y2 y5 m1 m1 m1
x 1+1 y 2+5 m 1+1+1
x2 y7 m3
x 2 y 7m 3
131
Question: Expand the expression.
x y 2 (y 2 p p)
Answer choices:
A x yp x yp
B x y4 p x y2 p
C x 2y 2 p 2 p 2
D x yp x y 2 p
132
Solution: B
We need to use the distributive property and distribute the x y 2 across the y 2 p p.
x y 2 (y 2 p p)
x y 2 (y 2 p) x y 2(p)
x y2y2 p x y2 p
Now, using the exponent rule
x a x b = x a+b
we can simplify like terms.
x y 2+2 p x y 2 p
x y4 p x y2 p
133
Topic: Exponents, quotient rule
x9
x7
Answer choices:
A x 16
B x 63
C x3
D x2
134
Solution: D
The quotient rule for exponents tells us that
xa ab
= x
xb
In other words, because both the numerator and denominator have the same base x, we
can subtract the exponent in the denominator from the exponent in the numerator.
x9
x7
x 97
x2
135
Topic: Exponents, quotient rule
(x )
a+3 2
x 3a
Answer choices:
A x a+3
B x 3a+3
C x 3a+1
D x a+1
136
Solution: B
The power rule for exponents tells us that
(x ) = x
a b ab
Applying this to the numerator of the fraction, we get
(x )
a+3 2
x 3a
x 2(a+3)
x 3a
x 2a+6
x 3a
The quotient rule for exponents tells us that
xa
= x ab
x b
Applying this to our fraction, we get
x (2a+6)(3a)
x 2a+63+a
x 3a+3
137
Topic: Negative bases
32
Answer choices:
A 9
B 6
C 6
D 9
138
Solution: D
PEMDAS and order of operations tells us that we have to do the exponent first, and then
multiply by the negative sign (which is actually a 1).
32
(3 3)
(9)
We have to remember that 32 is dierent than (3)2. When we have (3)2, the negative
sign is included inside the parentheses, and the exponent tells us to raise everything
inside the parentheses to the power of 2. So its like two factors of 3, or
(3)2
(3)(3)
139
Topic: Zero as an exponent
1,0000
Answer choices:
A 1,000
B 100
C 1
D 0
140
Solution: C
We know that any nonzero number raised to the power of 0 is 1, so
1,0000
141
Topic: Radicals
Question: Simplify the radical expression.
200
Answer choices:
A 10 2
B 20 2
C 2 2
D 100 2
142
Solution: A
We know that
mn = m n
Factoring 200 into 100 2 and applying this formula, we get
200
100 2
100 2
10 2
143
Topic: Radicals
147
Answer choices:
A 14 3
B 7 7
C 7 3
D 14 7
144
Solution: C
We know that
mn = m n
Factoring 147 into 49 3 and applying this formula, we get
147
49 3
49 3
7 3
145
Topic: Radicals
2,000
Answer choices:
A 20 5
B 10 50
C 100 2
D 10 200
146
Solution: A
We need to use the rule that tells us that
m n= mn
Applying this to our problem, we can rewrite it as
2,000
100 20
100 20
10 20
10 4 5
10 4 5
10 2 5
20 5
147
Topic: Radical addition and subtraction
3+ 5+ 3+ 2
Answer choices:
A 13
B 90
C 2 3+ 5+ 2
D 9
148
Solution: C
When were adding or subtracting, we can only combine square roots when the value
inside the radical is the same, because those are the only like terms.
Since we have two factors of 3, we get
3+ 5+ 3+ 2
2 3+ 5+ 2
149
Topic: Radical multiplication
3 2
Answer choices:
A 5
B 6
C 10
D 1
150
Solution: B
m n= mn
3 2
32
151
2 8
Answer choices:
A 4
B 2
C 4
D 16
152
Solution: C
m n= mn
2 8
28
16
153
25 2
Answer choices:
A 5
B 5 2
C 100
D 50
154
Solution: B
Normally we would use the rule that tells us that
m n= mn
and wed get
25 2
25 2
50
but then wed need to work on simplifying 50. It would be easier to realize that 25 is the
perfect square of 5, and simplify the original problem to
25 2
5 2
5 2
155
32 25 3
Answer choices:
A 3
B 18
C 6 2
D 30 2
156
Solution: D
We multiply the whole numbers together and separately multiply the square roots together.
32 25 3
(2 5) ( 3 2 3)
10 ( 3 2 3)
Since we know that 3 3 = 3, we can say
10 (3 2)
30 2
157
Topic: Rationalize the denominator
Question: Simplify the expression, making sure to rationalize the denominator.
3 5
2 5 + 135
5 3
Answer choices:
26 15
A
15
26 15
B
15
3 15
C
5
7 5
D
15
158
Solution: A
We know that when we take the square root of a fraction, we can take the square root of
the numerator and denominator separately.
3 5
2 5 + 135
5 3
3 5
2 5 + 27 5
5 3
3 5
2 5 + 935
5 3
3 5
2 5 + 9 35
5 3
3 5
2 5 + 3 15
5 3
Now we need to find a common denominator so that we can combine the fractions. Since
we have two denominators, 5 and 3, the common denominator will be
5 3
53
15
Well multiply the numerator and denominator of each fraction by whatever gets us 15 in
the denominator.
5( 3) 3( 5) ( 15 )
3 3 5 5 15
2 5 + 3 15
159
3 5 3(15)
2 5 +
5 3 3 5 15
3 5 45
2 5 +
53 35 15
3 5 45
2 5 +
15 15 15
6 25 45
+
15 15 15
26
15
Now we need to rationalize the denominator.
15 ( 15 )
26 15
26 15
15
160
Topic: Rationalize the denominator
Question: Simplify the expression, making sure to rationalize the denominator.
3 5
2 6
5 3
Answer choices:
A 15 3
15 30
B
5 3
8 15
C
5
8 15
D
5
161
Solution: C
When we take the square root of a fraction, we can take the square root of the numerator
and denominator separately. Therefore, we can rewrite the expression as
3 5
2 6
5 3
3 5
2 6
5 3
Now we need to find a common denominator, which we can do by multiplying each

fraction by the denominator from the other fraction.
3 3 5 5
2 6
5 3 3 5
3 3 5 5
2 6
5 3 3 5
9 25
2 6
15 15
2 9 6 25
15
2(3) 6(5)
15
6 30
15
24
15
162
Now we need to rationalize the denominator.
24 15

15 15
24 15
15
8 15
5
163
Topic: Powers of 10
350 103
Answer choices:
A 350,000
B 35
C .0035
D 3,500
164
Solution: A
When the power of 10 is positive, we move the decimal point to the right the number of
places indicated by the exponent. Since the exponent is positive 3, we move the decimal
point to the right three places, and we get
350 103
350,000
165
Topic: Scientific notation
Question: Write the number in scientific notation.
523,000,000
Answer choices:
A 523 106
B 5.23 108
C 52.3 107
D .523 109
166
Solution: B
To put the number in proper scientific notation, we need to make sure we have only one
digit to the left of the decimal point. In order to do that, we have to move the decimal point
8 places to the left, which means that we get
523,000,000
5.23 108
167
Topic: Scientific notation
Question: Write the number in scientific notation.
10,000,000
Answer choices:
A 10 105
B 0.1 103
C 1.0 106
D 1.0 107
168
Solution: D
To put the number in proper scientific notation, we need to make sure we have only one
digit to the left of the decimal point. In order to do that, we have to move the decimal point
7 places to the left, which means that we get
10,000,000
1.0 107
169
Topic: Scientific notation, multiplication
Question: Rewrite the expression in scientific notation.
(2 10 ) (3.5 10 )
8 2
Answer choices:
A .7 107
B 7.0 106
C .07 105
D 70 106
170
Solution: B
Well multiply the decimal numbers together, and then separately multiply the powers of
10, remembering that we have to add the exponents.
(2 10 ) (3.5 10 )
8 2
(2 3.5) (10 10 )
8 2
7.0 108+(2)
7.0 1082
7.0 106
171
(2,000)(40)(1.2 107)
Answer choices:
A 10 106
B 9.2 105
C 9.6 1011
D 80 102
172
Solution: C
Well multiply the decimal numbers together.
(2,000)(40)(1.2 107)
80,000 (1.2 107)
96,000 107
In order to write this in scientific notation, we have to express 96,000 as only one digit in
the ones (units) place, and one digit in the tenths place. We need to think of 96,000 as
96,000.0 in order to realize that we need to move the decimal four places to the left in order
to get 9.6. So well change the expression to
9.6 104 107
9.6 104+7
9.6 1011
173
(26 10 ) (200 10 )
2 8
Answer choices:
A 52 102
B 5.2 103
C 5.2 104
D 260 102
174
Solution: B
Well multiply the whole numbers together, and then separately multiply the powers of 10,
remembering that we have to add the exponents.
(26 10 ) (200 10 )
2 8
(26 200) (10 10 )

2 8
5,200 102+(8)
5,200 1028
5,200 106
In proper scientific notation, we only leave one digit to the left of the decimal point in the
first number, so 5,200 needs to become 5.2. In order to do that, we have to move the
decimal point three places to the left, which means well also have to multiply by 103.
5.2 103 106
5.2 103+(6)
5.2 1036
5.2 103
175
Topic: Scientific notation, multiplication and division
(60 10 ) (200 10 )
7 2
(1,000 105)
Answer choices:
A 12 1011
B 12 1010
C 1.2 1011
D 1.2 1010
176
Solution: C
In the numerator, well multiply the decimal numbers together, and then separately multiply
the powers of 10, remembering that we have to add the exponents.
(60 10 ) (200 10 )
7 2
(1,000 105)
(60 200) (10 10 )

7 2
(1,000 105)
12,000 (107+(2))
(1,000 105)
12,000 (1072)
(1,000 105)
12,000 105
1,000 105
In order to write the numerator in scientific notation, we have to express 12,000 as only one
digit in the ones (units) place, and one digit in the tenths place. We need to think of 12,000
as 12,000.0 in order to realize that we need to move the decimal four places to the left in
order to get 1.2. So well change the expression to
1.2 104 105

1,000 105
1.2 104+5
1,000 105
1.2 109
1,000 105
To express the denominator in scientific notation, we have to express 1,000 as only one
digit in the ones (units) place, and one digit in the tenths place. We need to think of 1,000
177
as 1,000.0 in order to realize that we need to move the decimal three places to the left in
1.2 109
1.0 103 105
1.2 109
1.0 103+(5)
1.2 109
1.0 1035
1.2 109
1.0 102
Now well divide the decimal numbers, and separately divide the powers of 10.
1.2 109

1.0 102
1.2 109(2)
1.2 109+2
1.2 1011
178
(2.7 10 ) (3 10 )
3 5
(60 102) (20 105)
Answer choices:
A 10 5.2
B 8.1 102
C 5.75 107
D 6.75 108
179
Solution: D
In the numerator and denominator, well multiply the decimal numbers together, and then
separately multiply the powers of 10, remembering that we have to add the exponents.
(2.7 10 ) (3 10 )
3 5
(60 102) (20 105)
(2.7 3) (103 105)

(60 20) (102 105)
8.1 (103+(5))
1,200 (102+5)
8.1 1035
1,200 102+5
8.1 102
1,200 103
In order to write the denominator in scientific notation, we have to express 1,200 as only
one digit in the ones (units) place, and one digit in the tenths place. We need to think of
1,200 as 1,200.0 in order to realize that we need to move the decimal three places to the
left in order to get 1.2. So well change the expression to
8.1 102
1.2 103 103
8.1 102
1.2 103+3
8.1 102
1.2 106
Now well divide the decimal numbers, and separately divide the powers of 10.
8.1 102

1.2 106
180
6.75 1026
6.75 108
181
(40,000 10 ) (120 10 )
5 20
(0.003 108) (2,000)
Answer choices:
A 80 102
B (40 20) (102)
C 0.8 102
D 8.0 102
182
Solution: D
(40,000 10 ) (120 10 )
5 20
(0.003 108) (2,000)
(40,000 120) (105 1020)

(0.003 2,000) (108)
4,800,000 105+(20)
6 108
4,800,000 10520
6 108
4,800,000 1015
6 108
4,800,000 1015

6 108
800,000 1015(8)
800,000 1015+8
800,000 107
In order to write this in scientific notation, we have to express 800,000 as only one digit in
the ones (units) place, and one digit in the tenths place. We need to think of 800,000 as
800,000.0 in order to realize that we need to move the decimal five places to the left in
8.0 105 107
8.0 105+(7)
183
8.0 1057
8.0 102
184
(0.0002 10 ) (400,000)
6
(0.004 1013) (200,000 105)
Answer choices:
A 1.0 1013
B 8.0 105
C 4.0 105
D 8.0 107
185
Solution: A
(0.0002 10 ) (400,000)
6
(0.004 1013) (200,000 105)
(0.0002 400,000) (106)

(0.004 200,000) (1013 105)
80 106
800 1013+5
80 106
800 1018
Well put the whole numbers 80 and 800 in scientific notation and then combine the power
of 10.
8.0 101 106

8.0 102 1018
8.0 101+6
8.0 102+18
8.0 107
8.0 1020
Using quotient rule for exponents, we get
1.0 10720
1.0 1013
186
Topic: Scientific notation, estimating
Question: Use scientific notation to estimate the value of the expression.
(51,685 10 ) (3,295 10 )
4 16
519,000
Answer choices:
A 3 1010
B 3 1010
C 5
D 6 102
187
Solution: B
First, well put each of the whole numbers in scientific notation.
(51,685 10 ) (3,295 10 )
4 16
519,000
(5.2 10 10 ) (3.3 10 10 )
4 4 3 16
5.2 105
Since were estimating, well round the decimals to the nearest whole number and
combine the powers of 10.
(5 10 ) (3 10 )
4+4 3+(16)
5 105
(5 10 ) (3 10 )
8 316
5 105
(5 10 ) (3 10 )
8 13
5 105
If we separate the whole numbers from the powers of 10, we get
5 3 108 1013

5 105
108+(13)
3
105
10813
3
105
105
3
105
Applying quotient rule for exponents to the powers of 10, we get
3 1055
188
3 1010
189

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academy

Question: Which of the following is another name for counting numbers?

Question: Which set could represent natural numbers?

Question: Which set makes sense?

Question: Choose the identity number for addition.

Question: Which numbers are opposites?

Question: Simplify the expression.

We can rewrite the expression and solve it.

Question: Which equation is the same?

Subtraction is the same as addition of a negative.

Question: Which of these is true?

Subtraction is the same as addition of a negative.

Question: Simplify the expression.

Question: Which of these is true?

Question: Which of these is true?

Dividing a positive number by another positive number, or dividing a negative number by

Question: Simplify the expression.

Question: Simplify the expression.

Question: Simplify the expression.

Question: Which number is prime?

We can factor a 2 out of 32. 32 2 = 16

We can factor a 3 out of 51. 51 3 = 17

We can factor a 5 out of 105. 105 5 = 21

Question: Find the product of primes.

We need to find the product of prime numbers that make up 120.

Now well collect the factors in ascending order.

We can also write it as

Question: Find the product of primes.

We need to find the product of prime numbers that make up 120.

Now well collect the factors in ascending order.

We can also write it as

Question: Which set represents multiples of the number?

C 36, 43, 50, 64

D 78, 85, 92, 99

Question: Find the least common multiple (LCM) of the set.

Question: Find the least common multiple (LCM) of the set.

The product of primes are

Therefore, our least common multiple is

Question: Which of the answer choices is divisible by this number?

Question: Identify the place value of the underlined digit.

The indicated decimal place is the thousandths place.

X,000.0000 Thousands place

X00.0000 Hundreds place

X0.0000 Tens place

X.0000 Ones (units) place

0000.X Tenths place

0000.0X Hundredths place

0000.00X Thousandths place

Question: Identify the place value of the underlined digit.

The indicated decimal place is the hundred thousands place.

X00,000.0000 Hundred thousands place

X0,000.0000 Ten thousands place

X,000.0000 Thousands place

X00.0000 Hundreds place

X0.0000 Tens place

X.0000 Ones (units) place

0000.X Tenths place

0000.0X Hundredths place

0000.00X Thousandths place

0000.000X Ten thousandths place

0000.0000X Hundred thousandths place

Question: Find the sum.

Line up the decimal places, then add.