Hashemite University

Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department

Surveying Laboratory

Experiment No. 2
Part1: Horizontal Tapping Over Uneven or Sloping Ground
Part2: Measuring The Sides & The Diagonals of A Quadrilateral

Name: Dina Mahmoud Al-Tawil.

No.: 1531865
Sunday 14-2-2017
Group5

FWD BWD
(m) (m)
AB(d 1.83 1.923
Part1: Horizontal Tapping Over Uneven
1)
BC(d 1.97 2.016 Or Sloping Ground
2)
CD(d 1.79 1.857
3)
 D1

D2 A

D3 B B

**Total Horizontal Distance: C

- FWD =1.83+1.97+1.79 =5.59 m

D
- BWD=1.923+2.016+1.857 =5.796 m

**Average Horizontal Distance:

FWD+ BWD (5.59+5.796)
Average Horizontal Distance = 2 = 2 = 5.693 m

**Error = l AD DA l = 5.796 5.59 = 0.206

**Accuracy Relative
error 0.206
Accuracy Relative To AD = AD = 5.59 = 1/27.135
error 0.206
Accuracy Relative To DA = = DA = 5.796 = 1/28.135

Part2 :Measuring The Sides & The Diagonals Of A

AA
Quadrilateral
D
FWD BWD AVG.
(m) (m) (m)
AB 3.27 3.30 2.875
6 m 2

1 2 1
BC 2.58 2.70 2.625
9 m
CD 3.42 3.57 2.775
7 m
AD 3.66 3.30 3.63
8 m
AC 3.88 4.01 3.855
9 m
DB 5.12 5.25 4.34
1 m
C
B

1AND2:
cos 1
(DA)2=(CD)2+(AC)2-2 (CD)(AC)
cos 1
(3.63)2 = (2.775)2+(3.855)2-2(2.775)*(3.855)

1=63.98
cos 2
(AB)2=(BC)2+(AC)2-2 (BC)(AC)
cos 2
(2.875)2 = (2.625)2+(3.855)2-2(2.625)*(3.855)

2=48.21
1 AND2:
cos 1
(AB)2=(DA)2+(BD)2-2 (DA)(BD)
cos 1
(2.875)2 = (3.63)2+(4.34)2-2(3.63)*(4.34)

1=40.67
cos 2
(BC)2=(CD)2+(BD)2-2 (DA)(BD)
cos 2
(2.625)2 = (2.775)2+(4.34)2-2(2.775)*(4.34)

2=35.35
Diagonals length
 3= 1+ 2=112.19

3= 1+ 2=76.02

(AC)2=(CD)2+(DA)2-2 (CD)(AD) cos 3

(AC)2=(2.775)2+(3.63)2-2(2.775)(3.63) cos ( 76.02 ) AC = 4.00 m

(BD)2=(CD)2+(BC)2-2 (DC)(BC) cos 3

(BD)2=(2.625)2+(2.775)2-2(2.775)(2.625) cos(112.19) BD = 4.480 m

Diagonals Error

error BD = |BDexp. - BDcalc.| = |4.34-4.480| = 0.14

error AC = |ACexp.-ACcalc.| = |3.855-4.00| = 0.145

DiagonalsAccuracy ...
error 0.14 1

accuracy BD = BD calc . 4.480 = 32 =0.03125

error 0.145 1
accuracy AC = AC calc = 4.00 = 27.58 = 0.03625