Pre-Regional Mathematical Olympiad 2016

West Bengal Region | 11 September 2016

ANSWERS TO THE PROBLEMS

1. Consider all possible integers n 0 such that

(5 3m ) + 4 = n2 10
holds for some corresponding integer m 0. Find the sum of all such n.

2. Find the number of integer solutions of the equation

x2016 + (2016! + 1!) x2015 + (2015! + 2!) x2014 + + (1! + 2016!) = 0, 0

where n! = n (n 1) 3 2 1, for n 1.

3. Suppose N is any positive integer. Add the digits of N to obtain a smaller

integer. Repeat this process of digit-addition till you get a single digit num-
ber n. Find the number of positive integers N 1000, such that the final 111
single-digit number n is equal to 5.
Example: N = 563 (5 + 6 + 3) = 14 (1 + 4) = 5 will be counted as one such integer.

4. Consider a right-angled triangle ABC with 6 C = 90 . Suppose that the

hypotenuse AB is divided into four equal parts by the points D, E, F , such
that AD = DE = EF = F B. If CD2 + CE 2 + CF 2 = 350, find the length of 20
AB.

5. Consider a triangle ABC with AB = 13, BC = 14, CA = 15. A line perpen-

dicular to BC divides the interior of 4ABC into two regions of equal area.
Suppose that the aforesaid perpendicular cuts BC at D, and cuts 4ABC 112
again at E. If L is the length of the line segment DE, find L2 .

6. Suppose a circle C of radius 2 touches the Y -axis at the origin (0, 0). A ray
of light L, parallel to the X-axis, reflects on a point P on the circumference
of C, and after reflection, the reflected ray L0 becomes parallel to the Y -axis. 1
Find the distance between the ray L and the X-axis.

1
 7. Find the coefficient of a5 b5 c5 d6 in the expansion of the following expression.
7
630
(bcd + acd + abd + abc)

8. Find the number of integer solutions of

h x h x ii 50
= 5.
100 100

9. Let and be the roots of the equation x2 + x 3 = 0. Find the value of

the expression 4 2 3 . 19

10. Let M be the maximum value of (6x3y8z), subject to 2x2 +3y 2 +4z 2 = 1.
Find [M ]. 6

11. For real numbers x and y, let M be the maximum value of the expression

x4 y + x3 y + x2 y + xy + xy 2 + xy 3 + xy 4 , subject to x + y = 3. 36
Find [M ].

1 1 1 1 1
12. Let S = 1 + + + + + + . Find [S].
2 3 4 99 100 18
1

You may use the fact that n< 2
n+ n+1 < n + 1 for all integers n 1.

13. Find the total number of times the digit 2 appears in the set of integers
{1, 2, . . . , 1000}. For example, the digit 2 appears twice in the integer 229. 300

14. Find the minimum value of m such that any m-element subset of the set of
integers {1, 2, . . . 2016} contains at least two distinct numbers a and b which 505
satisfy |a b| 3.

2
15. Find the number of pairs of positive integers (m, n), with m n, such that
the least common multiple (LCM) of m and n equals 600. 53

16. For positive real numbers x and y, define their special mean to be average
of their arithmetic and geometric means. Find the total number of pairs of
integers (x, y), with x y, from the set of numbers {1, 2, . . . , 2016}, such 506
that the special mean of x and y is a perfect square.