IEEE 342-Node Low Voltage

Networked Test System

Kevin Schneider, Pacific Northwest National

Laboratory
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Overview
Why This Test Feeder is Needed
Brief History of Low Voltage Networks
Overview of 342-Node Low Voltage Network Test System
Power Flow Solutions for the 342-Node System
All feeders in operation
Feeder 6 out of service
Concluding Comments
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Why this Test Feeder is Needed

The LVNTS has been designed
to present challenges to
distribution system analysis
software in the following
areas:
Heavily meshed and
networked systems.
Systems with numerous
parallel transformers
Modeling of parallel low
voltage cables
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Brief History of Low Voltage Networks

The early low voltage systems were DC, but because of load growth these
could not meet demand.
One of the fist low voltage AC networks was in Peoria Illinois in 1915.
Expansion proved expensive because of the need for additional feeders to
offset the large voltage drops at the systems edges.
In 1921 the Puget Sound Power & Light Company deployed a meshed
secondary system in Seattle Washington. (Manual network protectors)
In 1922 the United Electric Light & Power Company of New York energized
the first modern AC low voltage network. (Automated network protectors)
Soon after 1922 it was shown that that a higher medium voltage AC
primary, with low voltage network secondary, would be the most cost
effective system.
Numerous secondary voltages were used, with the most common being
208/120V and 199/115V.
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Modern Low Voltage Networks

The 1922 the United Electric Light & Power Company of New York low
voltage system was one of the first modern systems.
Automatic network protectors
Parallel transformers
Multiple feeders supply grid networks and spot networks.
Grid networks are normally 120/208V
Spot networks are normally 277/480V
Secondary networks use parallel sets of conductors to carry the high
current levels.
Reliability on these systems is very high.
Fault currents are also very high because of the low system impendences.
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Overview of 342-Node Low Voltage

Network Test System
S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21
S1 118
56
P59

P133 P132 S23 S24 S25 S26

S22 S145 120 S149 S153 P60 57
S157
X24
X26
P95
X28
X30 P25

P149 P150 119

P114 P115
88

P79 P80 P42 P43

Spot P26 27

P96 74 42
135
X23
105
X25
87

X27 X29
Network 2
S28 S30 P61S201 S199
S27 S152 S29 S31

117

2 delta-delta step down transformers

S148 P129 S156 55 41
S160 P131
X5
S198 26
73
134
104 Spot S193 X6
P113
Network 1 P57 S202 S200
P112 P130 P58
X32
103
X34 S154 54
X38

S32 S33 S195 S194 S34 S35 S36

116
X36
102
S150 P39
S146 S197 S196 P40 39
S158
P110 X4 X3

(50 MVA)
S147 101
P111 P23
P148
P41 S155
S37 X31
S38 S39 X35 40
S40 X37
S41
P94 S151 P24 38 S159
100 X33 P78
132 133
72

P147 86 P93 P77 S53 S54 S55 S56 S57 S58 S60 25 S61
24
S42 131 S62
71 22
P20
P143 S43 128
S44 S45 S46 S47 S48 S49 S50 S51 S52 P75
70
S59
85
P108 P37 P38

X46
P128 P127 37
S161 S165 69
S169

8 13.2 kV distribution feeders

115
X40
X42

P72 P145
X44
130 S173
S63 S64 68
P73
67
S65 84
S67
99 S66 36

P146 P92 P76

53

P21 P22 P74 P144 129 P91 X12 X11 X10

P109 S215 S214
P90
S176 S216
23
X39 X41 X7 X8 X9 83
X43

S68 S207 S208 S209 S72

S69 S70 S71 S212 S211

S164 114
S168 S204 S205 S206 S172 X45

P89 S213

48 grid network transformers (1

98
82
P36 P35 S210 Spot
P126 P125 Spot 35
Network 4 S174 21

X48
113

Network 3 S166 X52

S73 S74 S203 S75 S170 S76 S77

X50 X54
S162 96 97

P105 34
P71
66

P106

MVA)
127

S78 S79 S80 S81 S82

S163 P142 P19
P53
X53
95
112
S167 P88 S171 X51
50
49 81 S175 P52
P141 126
X47
P56 X49

33

P103 S89 S91 S92 S93

P33 S101 P18
S84 S85 S86 S87 S88 S90 64 P70 65 20

S83 P68 S103

93
S97 S98 S99

P123
P101
92
S94 S95 S96 S102

20 spot network transforms (1.5-2.5

51 48

P137 111
94 P51 S100 19

P107 X60
47 X62

S177 S223 X15 S181 S185 S189

X56
P49 P140
Spot S220 X58
P102
P15
46
S104 S105 Network 5 S222 P50 S106 S107 17 S108
X14 P54
Spot 52
45
16

P124 P104
Network 7 110 S217 S219 P55 X18 X17
X16

S221 80 S230 S229 S228

S231 62

MVA)
S180 S218 X13 P34 S188 S227
S111 S226 S225 X61
P13
S109 S233 S232 S110 S112 15 S113
X55 X57 S184 P85 P14
P17 P121
X59
S192
S235 S234 P69 63 109
P122
78
P86 79 Spot
X20
X19
Network 6 S224 32

P138 124
P139 S178
108
S182 Spot S190
S115
P66 X68
Network 8
S114 61
P67 S117 S238 X21
S118

123
X64
107
X66 S116 S186 S237 X70

P120

1 120/208V grid network

125 P100 60 P16
P119 91
P84
77
S236
S240
122
S122 S239
S120 P32 X22
S119 76
S121 P31 31
18
S123
X63 X65
30 X69 P87
S179 S183 P48
59
S187 X67 P30 29
P29 S191
P65 P47
P99 90
44

P136 P64

8 277/480 V spot networks

S124 P83 S144

S125 S126 S127 S128 S129 S130 S131 S132 S133 S134 S135 S136 S137 S138 S139 S140 S141 S142 S143

121 106 89 75 58 43 28 14

Feeder 1

Primary Cables: 1000 kcmil AA

4
P12 P11

Feeder 2 5
P6 P5 P4 P3

P28 P27
6

Feeder 3 7
P44
P46 P45
2

Feeder 4 8

Secondary Cables: 500 kcmil CUX6 Feeder 5

P63 P62

P2
1

P1

P82 P81 3
9

Feeder 6 10

P98 P97 P10 P9 P8 P7

11

Feeder 7 12
P116
P118 P117

Feeder 8 13

P135 P134
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Primary and Secondary System Layouts

Primary System Secondary Low Voltage Grid

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Power Flow Solutions for the 342-

Node System
With all network components in operation the
voltage drop on the system is very low.
This is due to two factors
First, the system is networked
Second, the secondary network uses parallel sets
of cables
Even with components out of service, the
voltage will remain within ANCI C84.1.
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Voltage Magnitude Heat Maps

All Feeders In Service Feeder 6 Out of Service

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Concluding Comments
The 342-Node Low Voltage Networked Test System is the first
heavily meshed system to be developed by the DSA Test
Feeder Working Group.

This system is representative of a low voltage network and is

meant to introduce many new concepts to the analysis
community.

This system is the first of two intended systems. A second

more complicated system is planned.
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