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Runninghead:SALEMRECREATIONALDEVELOPMENT

Salem Plan of Care: Providing Recreation and Improving Water Quality

Mariah Snowden, Alissa Romain, Tricia Hoskin

Youngstown State University

December 1, 2016
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Healthy People 2020 Goal

Under the environmental health topic area of Healthy People 2020, it states the goal is to

promote health for all through a healthy environment. Humans have an effect on the environment

around them which effects our quality of life, years of life lived, and health disparities. The six

themes of the healthy people 2020 environmental health are as follows: outdoor air quality,

surface and ground water quality, toxic substances and hazardous wastes, homes and

communities, infrastructure and surveillance, and global environmental health. Because the

surface and ground water quality applies to both drinking and recreational water; protecting

water sources from contamination by infectious agents and chemicals and minimizing exposure

to contaminated water sources is essential to environmental and human health (Environmental,

2016).

Short Term Goal

At the end of the summer of 2017 the city will prohibit the use of the Cold Run Reservoir for

recreational use by the public in order to provide safer, non-polluted water to eliminate exposure

to infectious agents. To avoid the public from losing a popular recreational opportunity, the

Salem Country Club will be open to provide boating, fishing, and swimming recreation.

Long Term Goal

The residents of the Salem community and the faculty of the park and recreation will come

together to create use at Eagletons Glenn Recreational Area. This area has undeveloped seventy

acres that could be constructed for use of hiking, camping, picnicking, and use of the Middle

Fork Little Beaver Creek. The community and Salems National Honor Society students could
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come together to volunteer their time to work on the area. Donations will be made to rent

equipment from local construction companies to build a lake to run alongside the Beaver creek.

This will be beneficial because the water from the creek will drain into the newly built lake.

Outcome Criteria

Within three months, a council meeting will be held. People will be invited to attend

an informational meeting to discuss upcoming detailed plans for the park. Flyers will

be made and distributed throughout the Salem community. The program will be

advertised on the park and recreational website. Local equipment companies will be

contacted and asked to donate equipment, in return for advertisement space on the

flyers. The owners of the Salem Country Club will be invited to reach an agreement

on the temporary use of their recreational lake. Volunteer nurses in the community will

provide health information about the importance of having separate drinking and

recreational water sources. Ideas regarding fundraisers will be addressed to raise

money. The residents will be able to voice their concerns and any questions will be

answered regarding the future plans. The goal of this meeting is to keep the

community informed about the new lake and the temporary resources available to

them at the country club.

By six months, the area at Eagletons Glenn Recreational Area will be under

construction. Permits will be pulled and contracts will be signed to be compliant with

regulations. The forestry will be cleared out for the recreational area. Excavation will

begin to build the lake. Volunteers will be used to create the hiking trails. The outcome
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for this time frame is to begin construction of the land for creating the lake, and

clearing out paths for hiking.

At eighteen months, the hiking trails and the filling and stocking of the lake will be

completed. Boating docks will be installed throughout the lake. The second meeting

will be held to address hours of operation, rules and regulations of the park, safety

guidelines, and hiring staff, including lifeguards and park security officers. The rules

will be as follows:

o 1. Closed from dusk until dawn

o 2. No state fishing license required

o 3. Boats available for rent, bait available for purchase

o 4. Electric and gas motors allowed

o 5. Fishing limited to ten fish per person per day

o 6. Must wear life jacket on a boat, jet skis, and paddle boats

o 7. Maximum weight enforced on the boats

o 8. Boat rental including oars, lifejacket, and anchor- $20.00/day

o 9. Fishing pole rental- $10.00/day

o 10. No alcohol permitted and no littering

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During this meeting volunteer nurses will provide education about water safety and CPR

training for those interested. Before reaching the twenty-four-month time frame, parking lots

will be created to provide additional parking spaces for the increased number of people

expected. The goal for this time frame is to put final touches on the park and to get the staff

and community together to review park rules and teaching.

By twenty- four months, picnic tables, lifeguard stands, dumpsters, a shack for storage of

equipment, a sign of park rules will be displayed for the public to follow, bathrooms will

be installed, and lifeguards will be on duty. The lake will be operational for the public to

enjoy recreational activities. With the collaboration of the park and recreational staff, all

of the data expenses will be presented to the city mayor during the next council meeting

to review progress. The final goal is to open the lake to the public and provide

recreational activities by April 2019.

Nursing Diagnosis

Risks for exposure of infectious agents in contaminated lake water of Salem, Ohio related to

the lack of separation between recreational water and drinking water.

As Evidenced By

-According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, people have about 0.14 grams of

feces on their buttocks which, when rinsed in the water, contaminates the water. For example,

one person with diarrhea can contaminate the water (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,

2016).
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- The CDC also says that 10,000 recreational water illness cases of diarrhea and 6.2 million cases

of swimmers ear occur. Skin rashes, swimmers ear, and gastrointestinal bugs are the most

common (CDC, 2016).

- From the National Institute of Health, found a positive correlation between enterococcal

concentrations and gastrointestinal illnesses (Bohem & Sassoubre, 2014).

Interventions and Rationales

Intervention: Prohibit the residents of Salem, Ohio from using the Cold Run Reservoir

due to possible contamination and pollution of the drinking water source.

Rationale: Prohibiting use of the lake is to protect the public from exposure to an

infectious agent in the water. This is to protect the public from swimmers ear, skin rashes,

and gastrointestinal diseases such as diarrhea. Also, to make the quality of the drinking

water safer to ingest.

Intervention: A volunteer nurse will be provided to teach the public about water safety

and water illness prevention.

Rationale: Teachings would include hand hygiene to prevent the spread of illness. When

swimming, closing the mouth and plugging the nose to prevent ingestion of infected

water. Also, wearing ear plugs to prevent the pathogens from entering the ear canals.

Interventions: CPR training and certification will be provided to the lifeguards and the

public prior to opening of the park.

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Rationale: CPR is provided for life saving measures and provide skills on how to act fast

during a life threatening situation.

Intervention: Restrooms will be installed with running water.

Rationale: The instillation of restrooms at the park will provide a place for hand hygiene

and elimination in order to prevent the contamination of the water.

Intervention: A temporary admission to the public for use of the country club facility to

continue to provide them a recreational opportunity to continue fishing, swimming, and

boating until the new park opens.

Intervention: Adding hiking trails to promote physical activity and to offer a place to

release stress.

Rationale: Exercising on the hiking trails helps to promote physical and mental well

being. The three different trails, (beginners, intermediate, and advanced) will promote

safety so that the public can choose which trail they would like to take.

Evaluation

Three Month Evaluation

A council meeting was organized and held at Salems administration building.

Approximately 25% of Salem residents attended. The meeting was advertised with flyers

and posted on the park and recreational website. Rental Corral donated two large

excavators for clearing the land and building the lake. The owners of the Salem Country
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Club agreed to have open admission. The residents werent very receptive to the idea

until the nurses explained the health benefits of separating the two bodies of water. Local

businesses agreed that for every one hundred dollars made they would donate five

percent to the fundraiser for the park. The goal for this time frame was met. The public

was very receptive and in agreement for the new project.

Six-Month Evaluation

During the construction period, the permits were successfully granted. Enough equipment

was provided to clear out fifty acres of the land for development of the lake. The

volunteers dedicated their time and hard work to create trails for the beginner,

intermediate, and advanced hikers. The goal for this time period was met and enough

land was cleared to build the lake and create hiking trails.

Eighteen- Month Evaluation

There was a problem with oxygenation of the water, therefore, many of the first shipment

of fish died. To prevent this from happening again, fountains were installed to supply

oxygenated water and plants were planted. The boating docks were installed. The second

meeting was successful and the rules, regulations, and safety guidelines were addressed

and accepted. Seven part-time lifeguards and two part-time and three full time park

rangers were hired. Water safety teaching and CPR training was successfully

implemented. The construction of the parking lots was on schedule. Although there was a

set back with the fish, the goal was still met and were able to continue on time.

Twenty-four Months
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The park was successfully opened. The mayor attended to announce the opening and one

hundred and fifty people were present. Our supplies included twenty-five picnic tables,

two lifeguard stands, ten dumpsters, and a rental shack. The rules were posted on signs

and the bathrooms were successfully installed. The goal for twenty-four-months was

successfully met with the opening of the new park.

References

Bohem, A. B., & Sassoubre, L. M. (2014, February 5). Retrieved December 1,2016, from

National Institute of Health: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016, May 4). Recreational Water Illnesses.

Retrieved from http://www.CDC.gov

Environmental Health. (2016, November 27). Retrieved December 1, 2016, from Healthy People

2020: http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/environmental-health
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