A

PROJECT REPORT ON

CORPORATE FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDED BY PNB TO CISCO

SYSTEMS

SUBMITTED

IN FULFILMENT OF REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE

OF MASTERS OF COMMERCE IN BANKING AND FINANCE

SUBMITTED BY

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

ROLL NO. 15541212

MCOM (BANKING & FINANCE)

PART 1

PROJECT GUIDE

xxxxxxxxxxx

SUBMITTED TO

UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI

(2015-16)
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
To examine the importance of Corporate banking sector
To understand the use of Corporate banking in Punjab National bank
To understand the customer acquisition and retention strategies
To understand the company profile of CISCO SYSTEMS
To evaluate the services offered by banks to corporateworld
To offer pertinent suggestions based on the findings of the study.
Advantages to both bank and company due to corporate banking sector
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK
ABOUT PNB
PRODUCT AND SERVICES
BUSINESS OBJECTIVE
3. CISCO SYSTEMS
HISTORY
MEDIA AND AWARDS
CAREER CERTIFICATION
4. FINANCIAL SERVICES OFFERED BY PNB TO
CISCO SYSTEMS
PNBS IT ENABLING JOURNEY
HARDWARE AND TRAINING
CORE BANKING ARCHITECTURE
NETWORK DESIGN
 PNB TIES UP WITH CISCO FOR
NETWORKING EDUCATION COURSE
5. CONCLUSION

CHAPTER ONE-
INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION:

A bank is a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels those

deposits into lending activities, either directly by loaning or indirectly
through capital markets. A bank links together customers that have capital deficits
and customers with capital surpluses.

Due to their importance in the financial system and influence on

national economies, banks are highly regulated in most countries. Most nations
have institutionalized a system known as fractional reserve banking, under which
banks hold liquid assets equal to only a portion of their current liabilities. In
addition to other regulations intended to ensure liquidity, banks are generally
subject to minimum capital requirements based on an international set of capital
standards, known as the Basel Accords.

Banking in its modern sense evolved in the 14th century in the rich cities
of Renaissance Italy but in many ways was a continuation of ideas and concepts
of credit and lending that had its roots in the ancient world. In the history of
banking, a number of banking dynastiesnotably the Medicis, the Fuggers,
the Welsers, the Berenbergs, and the Rothschildshave played a central role over
many centuries. The oldest existing retail bank is Monte deiPaschi di Siena, while
the oldest existing merchant bank is Berenberg Bank.
MEANING:

Bank is an institute which deals in money and credit. It accepts deposits from the
public and grants loan and advances to those who are in need of fund for various
purpose. Banks encourage savings habit among individuals and thereby makes
fund available for their use as and when require. Banks also helps in nation
development by providing credit to farmers, small scale industry and self employee
people as well as to large business houses which lead to balanced economic
development of the country.

Different people understand the meaning of a bank in different way. For a common
man bank means a storehouse where money is stored; for a businessman it is a
financial institution and for a day to day customer it is an institution where the cash
deposit his savings.

It also helps to standard of living of people in general by providing loans for

purchase of consumer durable goods, houses, cars, etc. Banking activities are
considered to be the life blood of the national economy. Without banking services,
trading and business activities cannot be carried on smoothly.

Banks are the distributors and protectors of liquid capital which is vital
significance to a developing country. Efficient administration of the banking
system helps in the economic growth of the nation.

DEFINATION OF BANK:

Indian Banking Companies Act, 1949 - Banking Company is one which transacts
the business of banking which means the accepting for the purpose of lending or
investment of deposits money from the public repayable on demand or otherwise
and withdrawals by cheque, draft, order or otherwise

Oxford Dictionary defines a bank as "an establishment for custody of money,

which it pays out on customer's order."
HISTORY:

The first bank in India, though conservative, was established in 1786. From 1786
till today, the journey of Indian Banking System can be segregated into three
distinct phases. They are as mentioned below:

PHASE I - Early phase from 1786 to 1969 of Indian Banks

PHASE II - Nationalization of Indian Banks and up to 1991

PHASE III - Indian Financial & Banking Sector Reforms after 1991.

PHASE I:

The General Bank of India was set up in the year 1786. Next came Bank of
Hindustan and Bengal Bank.

The East India Company established

o Bank of Bengal (1809),

o Bank of Bombay(1840) and

o Bank of Madras (1843) as independent units and called it Presidency

Banks.

These three banks were amalgamated in 1920 and Imperial Bank of India was
established which started as private shareholders Subscribe to comments Post
Comment banks, mostly Europeans shareholders. During the first phase the growth
was very slow and banks also experienced periodic failures between 1913 and
1948. There were approximately 1100 banks, mostly small. To streamline the
functioning and activities of commercial banks, the Government of India came up
with The Banking Companies Act, 1949 which was later changed to Banking
Regulation Act 1949 as per amending Act of 1965 (Act No.23 of 1965). Reserve
Bank of India was vested with extensive powers for the supervision of banking in
India as the Central Banking Authority. During those days public has lesser
confidence in the banks. As an aftermath deposit mobilization was slow. Abreast of
it the savings bank facility provided by the Postal department was comparatively
safer. Moreover, funds were largely given to the traders.
PHASE II:

Government took major steps in this Indian Banking Sector Reform after
independence. In 1955, it nationalized Imperial Bank of India with extensive
banking facilities on a large scale especially in rural and semi-urban areas. Second
phase of nationalization Indian Banking Sector Reform was carried out in 1980
with seven more banks. This step brought 80% of the banking segment in India
under Government ownership.

The following are the steps taken by the Government of India to Regulate Banking
Institutions in the Country:

1949: Enactment of Banking Regulation Act. 1955: Nationalization of

State Bank of India.

1959: Nationalization of SBI subsidiaries.

1961: Insurance cover extended to deposits.

1969: Nationalization of 14 major banks.

1971: Creation of credit guarantee corporation.

1975: Creation of regional rural banks.

1980: Nationalization of seven banks with deposits over 200 crores.

After the nationalization of banks, the branches of the public sector bank India
raised to approximately 800% in deposits and advances took a huge jump by
11,000%. Banking in the sunshine of Government ownership gave the public
implicit faith and immense confidence about the sustainability of these institutions.

PHASE III:

This phase has introduced many more products and facilities in the banking sector
in its reforms measure. In 1991, under the chairmanship of M Narasimham, a
committee was set up by his name which worked for the liberalization of banking
practices.

The country is flooded with foreign banks and their ATM stations. Efforts are being
put to give a satisfactory service to customers. Phone banking and net banking is
introduced. The entire system became more convenient and swift. The financial
system of India has shown a great deal of resilience. It is sheltered from any crisis
triggered by any external macroeconomics shock as other East Asian Countries
suffered. This is all due to a flexible exchange rate regime, the Foreign Reserves
are high, the capital account is not yet fully convertible, and banks and their
customers have limited foreign exchange exposure.
TYPES OF BANK:

There are various types of banks. The necessity for the variety among these banks
is because each bank is specialized in their own field. Each bank has its own
principles and policies. Different rates of interests are also noted among these
banks. All these banks are listed as below:

RS t r u
Bc t u r
Ie O f
I n d i
a n
B a n
k i n g
a) Central Bank: A central bank functions as the apex controlling institution
in the banking and financial system of the country. It functions as the
controller of credit, bankers bank and also enjoys the monopoly of issuing
 currency on behalf of the government. A central bank is usually control and
quite often owned, by the government of a country. The Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) is such a bank within an India.

b) Commercial Banks: It operates for profit. It accepts deposits from the

general public and extends loans to the households, the firms and the
government. The essential characteristics of commercial banking are as
follows:
o Acceptance of deposits from public
o For the purpose of lending or investment
o Repayable on demand or lending or investment.
o Withdrawal by means of an instrument, whether a cheque or
otherwise.
Another distinguish feature of commercial bank is that a large part of their
deposits are demand deposits withdrawal and transferable by cheque.

c) Public Sector Bank: Commercial Bank ware mainly concerned with

maximization of profit. They were lacking in social purpose. Banking in
India has been dominated by public sector banks since the July 19th, 1969
when all major banks were nationalized by the Indian government. The
nationalization was meant for an early realization of the objectives of social
control which were as follows:
o Provision of adequate credit for agriculture & small scale industry
and export.
o Giving a professional bent to management.
o Encouragement of a new class of entrepreneurs.
o The provision of adequate training as well as terms of service for
the bank staff.

d) Private Sector Bank: To make banking sector more efficient &

competitive, RBI issued, in January 1993, the guidelines governing the entry
of new private Bank with minimum paid up capital of Rs.100 crores. The
ICICI bank is the private sector bank has become the largest among the new
private sector bank.
 e) Foreign Bank: Foreign Bank in India is permitted to set up local
subsidiaries. They have brought latest technology and latest banking
practices in India.

f) Regional Rural Bank: RRBs were set up under an Act of parliament in

1976, with the objective of developing rural economy through promotion of
agriculture, trade, commerce, industry and extending credit, particularly to
small & marginal farmers, agriculture labour and small entrepreneurs . These
Banks are small Banks & their authorized capital shall not exceed of Rs. 5
crore. There are 196 RRBs covering 349 Districts of the country. The
RRBs are not restricted by SLR & CRR.

g) Co-Operative Bank: Co-Operative Bank started in India in 1904, a new

type of institution based on principle of co-operation. They work on no
profit no loss basis and perform all the main banking functions.

Cooperative bank are managed by Board of directors on the principles of Co-

Operation, self help &mutual help. As per the rule of one member one vote. Co-
Operative banking structure is federal in character with their linkages between
state, district & village level.
CHAPTER TWO -PUNJAB
NATIONAL BANK

CONTENTS

About PNB
Products and services
Business objective

About PNB
Punjab National Bank Ltd was the result of the efforts of far-sighted visionaries
and patriots, among whom were persons like Lala Lajpat Rai, Mr. E C Jessawala,
Babu Kali Prasono Roy, Lala Harkishan Laland Sardar Dyal Singh Majithia.
Incorporated under the Act VI of 1882, Indian Companies Act, the Bank
commenced operations on April 12, 1895 from Lahore, with an authorised total
capital of Rs 2 lac and working capital of Rs 20,000. Prophetically, the Bank chose
"Stability" as its telegraphic address, as the future course of events were to prove -
the Bank withstood various financial crises including the trauma in the form of
partition of India when the Bank had to close 92 offices (33%) in west Pakistan
which constituted 40% of its deposits and 15 of its staff fell victims to the frenzy.
The registered office was shifted to Delhi and the Bank honored all the deposit
claims of the refugees even on the basis of whatever little evidence they could
produce. Subsequently, the Bank registered impressive performance and grew from
strength to strength.

A pioneer throughout, the Bank distinguished itself by appointing auditors in 1895

long before it was mandatory; introduced the "teller" system in 1944 (another
first); established profit sharing bonus, provident fund and voluntary outside audit
well before they formed keystones of good management.
After nationalisation came in 1969 the Bank, keeping with the economic ideology
of catalyzing development and amelioration of poverty by funding various self-
employment schemes, PNB expanded its presence rapidly in unbanked areas. With
its large presence throughout the country and with a view to strengthening the rural
credit delivery system, the Bank sponsored Regional Rural Banks (RRBs).

The bank's growth has been aided by take-over/merger of 7 private sector banks
during different periods in its history. The first ever and the only merger of a
nationalized bank with PNB was in 1993, via New Bank of India.

By late 1980s when the first whiff of liberalization came about, the Bank initiated
strategic moves towards diversification; and in 2002, 20% of government
ownership was disinvested through a very successful IPO to the public. In 2003,
the erstwhile Nedungadi Bank Ltd (e-NBL), a Kerala based private bank was
amalgamated with Punjab National Bank. This was the seventh merger in PNBs
history of more than 115 years. In order to meet future capital requirements on
account of implementation of Basel II norms, in March 2005, the Bank came out
with Follow-on Public Offer (FPO) through the book building process, reducing
the shareholding of Govt. of India to 57.8%.
Punjab National Bank with 4997 domestic offices including 46 Extension Counters
has the largest network amongst the nationalized banks i.e. next only to SBI.

Products and Services

Personal Banking
Saving Fund Account
PNB Prudent Sweep
Total Freedom Salary Account
PNB Vidyarthi SF Account
PNB Mitra SF Account
Current Accounts
FD Schemes
Loans
Housing, Personal, Educational, Property etc
Cards
Nomination Services

Social Banking
Agriculture Credit
Krishi Card
Schemes for Women

Corporate Banking
 Loan against future lease rentals
Exim Finance
Cash Management
Traders Finance
Schemes for SSI Sector

Business Objective

Vision

To be a Leading Global Bank with Pan India footprints and become a household
brand in the Indo-Gangetic Plains providing entire range of financial products and
services under one roof"

Mission

Banking for the unbanked

CHAPTER THREE CISCO
SYSTEMS

CONTENTS
HISTORY
MEDIA AND AWARDS
ACQUISITIONS
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
CAREER CERTIFICATION
CRITISISM AND CONTROVERSY
 HISTORY

Cisco Systems, Inc. is an American multinational technology

company headquartered in San Jose, California, that designs,
manufactures and sells networking equipments.

19841995: Early years

Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by Leonard Bosack, who was in
charge of the Stanford University computer science department's computers, and
his wife Sandy Lerner, who managed the Graduate School of Business' computers.

Despite founding Cisco in 1984, Bosack, along with Kirk Lougheed, continued to
work at Stanford on Cisco's first product. It consisted of exact replicas of
Stanford's "Blue Box" router and a stolen copy of the University's multiple-
protocol router software. The software was originally written some years earlier at
Stanford medical school by research engineer William Yeager. Bosack and
Lougheed adapted it into what became the foundation for Cisco IOS. On July 11,
1986, Bosack and Lougheed were forced to resign from Stanford and the university
contemplated filing criminal complaints against Cisco and its founders for the theft
of its software, hardware designs and other intellectual properties. In 1987,
Stanford licensed the router software and two computer boards to Cisco.

In addition to Bosack, Lerner and Lougheed, Greg Satz, a programmer, and

Richard Troiano, who handled sales, completed the early Cisco team. The
company's first CEO was Bill Graves, who held the position from 1987 to 1988. In
1988, John Morgridge was appointed CEO.

The name "Cisco" was derived from the city name, San Francisco, which is why
the company's engineers insisted on using the lower case "cisco" in its early years.
The logo is intended to depict the two towers of the Golden Gate Bridge.
On February 16, 1990, Cisco Systems went public (with a market capitalization of
$224 million) and was listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange. On August 28,
1990, Lerner was fired; upon hearing the news, her husband Bosack resigned in
protest. The couple walked away from Cisco with $170 million, 70% of which was
committed to their own charity.

Although Cisco was not the first company to develop and sell dedicated network
nodes, it was one of the first to sell commercially successful routers supporting
multiple network protocols. Classical, CPU-based architecture of early Cisco
devices coupled with flexibility of operating system IOS allowed for keeping up
with evolving technology needs by means of frequent software upgrades. Some
popular models of that time (such as Cisco 2500) managed to stay in production
for almost a decade virtually unchangeda rarity in high-tech industry. Although
Cisco was strongly rooted in the enterprise environment, the company was quick to
capture the emerging service provider environment, entering the SP market with
new, high-capacity product lines such as Cisco 7000 and Cisco 8500.

Between 1992 and 1994, Cisco acquired several companies in Ethernet switching,
such as Kalpana, Grand Junction, and most notably, Mario Mazzola's Crescendo
Communications which together formed the Catalyst business unit. At the time, the
company envisioned layer 3 routing and layer 2 (Ethernet, Token Ring) switching
as complementary functions of different intelligence and architecturethe former
was slow and complex, the latter was fast but simple. This philosophy dominated
the company's product lines throughout the 1990s.

In 1995, John Morgridge was succeeded by John Chambers.

 19962005: Internet and silicon intelligence

The phenomenal growth of the Internet in mid-to-late 1990s quickly changed the
telecom landscape. As the Internet Protocol (IP) became widely adopted, the
importance of multi-protocol routing declined. Nevertheless, Cisco managed to
catch the Internet wave, with products ranging from modem access shelves
(AS5200) to core GSR routers that quickly became vital to Internet service
providers and by 1998 gave Cisco de facto monopoly in this critical segment.

In late March 2000, at the height of the dot-com bubble, Cisco became the most
valuable company in the world, with a market capitalization of more than US$500
billion. In July 2014, with a market cap of about US$129 billion, it is still one of
the most valuable companies.

Meanwhile, the growth of Internet bandwidth requirements kept challenging

traditional, software-based packet processing architectures.

The perceived complexity of programming routing functions in silicon, led to

formation of several startups determined to find new ways to process IP and MPLS
packets entirely in hardware and blur boundaries between routing and switching.
One of them, Juniper Networks, shipped their first product in 1999 and by 2000
chipped away about 30% from Cisco SP Market share. Cisco answered the
challenge with homegrown ASICs and fast processing cards for GSR routers and
Catalyst 6500 switches. In 2004, Cisco also started migration to new high-end
hardware CRS-1 and software architecture IOS-XR.
 20062012: The Human Network

As part of a massive rebranding campaign in 2006, Cisco Systems adopted the

shortened name "Cisco" and created "The Human Network" advertising campaign.
These efforts were meant to make Cisco a "household" branda strategy designed
to support the low-end Linksys products and future consumer products (such as
Flip Video camera acquired by Cisco in 2009).

On the more traditional business side, Cisco continued to develop its extensive
enterprise-focused routing, switching and security portfolio. The quickly growing
importance of Ethernet also influenced the company's product lines, prompting the
company to morph the successful Catalyst 6500 Ethernet switch into all-purpose
Cisco 7600 routing platform. However, limits of IOS and aging Crescendo
architecture also forced Cisco to look at merchant silicon in the carrier Ethernet
segment. This resulted in a new ASR9000 product family intended to consolidate
company's carrier ethernet and subscriber management business around EZChip-
based hardware and IOS-XR. Cisco also expanded into new markets by acquisition
one example being a 2009 purchase of mobile specialist Starent Networks that
resulted in ASR5000 product line.

A Cisco facility in Chennai, India. India is one of the company's largest overseas
markets and production centers.
Throughout the mid-2000s, Cisco also built a significant presence in India,
establishing its Globalization Centre East in Bengaluru for $1 billion, and planning
that 20% of Cisco's leaders would be based there.

However, Cisco continued to be challenged by both domestic Alcatel-Lucent,

Juniper Networks and overseas competitors Huawei. Due to lower-than-expected
profit in 2011, Cisco was forced to reduce annual expenses by $1 billion. The
company cut around 3,000 employees with an early-retirement program who
accepted buyout and planned to eliminate as many as 10,000 jobs (around 14
percent of the 73,400 total employees before curtailment). During the 2011 analyst
call, Cisco's CEO John Chambers called out several competitors by name,
including Juniper and HP.

On 24 July 2012, Cisco received approval from the EU to acquire NDS (a TV

software developer) for USD 5 billion. This acquisition signaled the end of the
"The Human Network" strategy as Cisco found itself backing off from household
hardware like Linksys and Flip into the cloud and software market.

2013present

On July 23, 2013, Cisco Systems announced a definitive agreement to

acquire Sourcefire for $2.7 billion.

On August 14, 2013, Cisco Systems announced it would cut 4,000 jobs from
its workforce, which was roughly 6% starting in 2014.

At the end of 2013, Cisco announced poor revenue due to depressed sales in
emerging markets, caused by economic uncertainty and by fears of
the National Security Agency planting backdoors in its products.
 In April, 2014, Cisco Systems announced $150 Million to fund early-stage
firms around the globe to focus on the Internet of Everything. The
investment fund was allocated to investments in IoT accelerators and
startups such as The Alchemist Accelerator, Ayla Networks and
EVRYTHNG. After the announcement, The Alchemist Accelerator
announced Cisco as a strategic partner and launched an individual program
specifically focused on advancing the growth of IoT startups. This new
funding increased Cisco Investments' thematic investing to $250 million
total, adding to the previously announced $100 million commitment to
startups focused on the emerging Internet of Everything (IoE) market
opportunity.

On August 13, 2014, the company announced it was laying off another 6,000
workers or 8% of its global workforce, as part of a second restructuring.

On May 4, 2015, Cisco announced CEO and Chairman John

Chambers would step down as CEO on July 26, 2015, but remain
chairman.Chuck Robbins, senior vice president of worldwide sales &
operations and 17-year Cisco veteran, will become CEO.

On July 23, 2015, Cisco announced the divesture of its television set-top-
box and cable modem business to Technicolor SA for $600 million, a
division originally formed by Cisco's $6.9 billion purchase of Scientific
Atlanta. The deal came as part of Cisco's gradual exit from the consumer
market, and as part of an effort by Cisco's new leadership to focus on cloud-
based products in enterprise segments. Cisco indicated that it would still
collaborate with Technicolor on video products.
 In January 2016, Cisco invested in VeloCloud, a software-defined WAN
(SD-WAN) start-up with a cloud offering for configuring and optimizing
branch office networks. Cisco contributed to VeloCloud's $27 million Series
C round, led by March Capital Partners. Cisco is one of two strategic
investors.
 MEDIA AND AWARDS

Cisco products, most notably IP phones and Telepresence, are frequently sighted in
movies and TV series. The company itself and its history was featured in the
documentary film Something Ventured which premiered in 2011.

Cisco was a 200203 recipient of the Ron Brown Award, a U.S. presidential honor
to recognize companies "for the exemplary quality of their relationships with
employees and communities". Cisco commonly stays on top of Fortune "100 Best
Companies to work for", with position No. 20 in 2011.

According to a report by technology consulting firm LexInnova, Cisco is one of

the leading recipients of network security-related patents with the largest portfolio
within other companies (6,442 security-related patents).
 MERGER AND AQUISITIONS

Cisco acquired a variety of companies to spin products and talent into the
company. In 19951996 the company completed 11 acquisitions.[38] Several
acquisitions, such as Stratacom, were the biggest deals in the industry when they
occurred. During the Internet boom in 1999, the company acquired Cerent
Corporation, a start-up company located in Petaluma, California, for about US$7
billion. It was the most expensive acquisition made by Cisco to that date, and only
the acquisition of Scientific Atlanta has been larger. In 1999 Cisco also acquired
stake for $1 Billion in KPMG Consulting to enable establishing Internet firm
Metrius founded by Keyur Patel of Fuse. Several acquired companies have grown
into $1Bn+ business units for Cisco, including LAN switching, Enterprise Voice
over Internet Protocol (VOIP) platform Webex and home networking. The latter
came as result of Cisco acquiring Linksys in 2003 and in 2010 was supplemented
with new product line dubbed Cisco Valet.

Cisco announced on January 4, 2007, that it would buy IronPort in a deal valued at
US$830 million and completed the acquisition on June 25, 2007. IronPort was
best known for its IronPort AntiSpam, its SenderBase email reputation service and
its email security appliances. Accordingly, IronPort was integrated into the Cisco
Security business unit. Ironport's Senderbase was renamed as Sensorbase to take
account of the input into this database that other Cisco devices provide.
SensorBase allows these devices to build a risk profile on IP addresses, therefore
allowing risk profiles to be dynamically created on http sites and SMTP email
sources.

Cisco announced on March 15, 2012, that it would acquire NDS Group for $5bn.
The transaction was completed on July 30, 2012.
In more recent merger deals, Cisco bought Starent Networks (a mobile packet core
company) and Moto Development Group, a product design consulting firm that
helped develop Cisco's Flip video camera. Also in 2010, Cisco became a key
stakeholder in e-Skills Week. In March 2011, Cisco completed the acquisition of
privately held network configuration and change management software company
Pari Networks.

Although many buy-ins (such as Crescendo Networks in 1993, Tandberg in 2010)

resulted in acquisition of flagship technology to Cisco, many others have failed
partially or completely. For instance, in 2010 Cisco occupied a meaningful share of
the packet-optical market, revenues were still not on par with US$7 billion price
tag paid in 1999 for Cerent. Some of acquired technologies (such as Flip from Pure
Digital) saw their product lines terminated.

In January 2013, Cisco Systems acquired Israeli software maker Intucell for
around $475 million in cash, a move to expand its mobile network management
offerings. In the same month, Cisco Systems acquired Cognitive Security, a
company focused on Cyber Threat Protection. Cisco also acquired SolveDirect
(cloud services) in March 2013 and Ubiquisys (mobile software) in April 2013.

Cisco acquired cyber-security firm Sourcefire, in October 2013.

On June 16, 2014, Cisco announced that it has completed the acquisition of
ThreatGRID, a company that provided dynamic malware analysis and threat
intelligence technology.

On June 17, 2014, Cisco announced its intent to acquire privately held Tail-f
Systems, a leader in multi-vendor network service orchestration solutions for
traditional and virtualized networks.
On April 2, 2015, Cisco announced plans to buy Embrane, a software-defined
networking startup. The deal will give Cisco Embrane's software platform, which
provides layer 37 network services for things such as firewalls, VPN termination,
server load balancers and SSL offload.

On June 30, 2015, Cisco acquired privately held OpenDNS, the company best
known for its DNS service that adds a level of security by monitoring domain
name requests.

On August 6, 2015, Cisco announced that it has completed the acquisition of

privately held Maintenance Net, the US-based company best known for its cloud-
based contract management platform Service Exchange. On the same month, Cisco
acquired Pawaa, a privately held company in Bangalore, India that provides secure
on-premise and cloud-based file-sharing software.

On September 30, 2015, Cisco announced its intent to acquire privately held
Portcullis Computer Security, a UK-based company that provides cybersecurity
services to enterprise clients and the government sectors.

On October 26, 2015, Cisco announced its intent to acquire ParStream, a privately
held company based in Cologne, Germany, that provides an analytics database that
allows companies to analyze large amounts of data and store it in near real time
anywhere in the network.

On October 27, 2015, Cisco announced that it would acquire Lancope, a company
that focuses on detecting threat activity, for $452.5 million in a cash-and-equity
deal.
 PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

Cisco's products and services focus upon three market segmentsenterprise and
service provider, small business and the home.

Cisco has grown increasingly popular in the Asia-Pacific region over the last three
decades and is the dominant vendor in the Australian market with leadership across
all market segments. It uses its Australian office as one of the main headquarters
for the Asia-Pacific region, offering a diverse product portfolio for long-term
stability, and integration is a sustainable competitive advantage.

Corporate market

"Corporate market" refers to enterprise networking and service providers.

Borderless networks

For their range of routers, switches, wireless systems, security systems, WAN
acceleration, energy and building management systems and media aware networks.

Collaboration

IP video and phones, TelePresence, HealthPresence, Unified Communications, Call

Center systems, Enterprise social networks and Mobile applications

Datacenter and Virtualization

Unified Computing, Unified Fabric, Data Centre Switching, Storage Networking

and Cloud Computing services.
IP NGN (Next Generation Networks)

High-end routing and switching for fixed and mobile service provider networks,
broadcast video contribution/distribution, entitlement and content delivery systems.

Small businesses

Cisco small business SG300-28 28-port Gigabit Ethernet rackmount switch and its
internals

Small businesses include home businesses and (usually technology-based) startups.

Routers and switches

The machines that route and redirect packets across a network, including those for
networks of smart meters.

Security and surveillance

IP cameras, data and network security etc.

Voice and conferencing

VOIP phones and gateway-systems, WebEx, video conferencing

Wireless

WiFi Access points

Network storage systems

Persistent people storage on networks, either in the traditional sense or in a cloud-

like manner.

Home user

"Home user" refers to individuals or families who require these[which?] kinds of

services.

Broadband

Broadband refers to cable modems.

Flip Video

With the acquisition of Pure Digital Technologies, Cisco began to sell a line of
video-recording devices called "Flip Video" that had been Pure Digital's only line
of products. This line of products was not as popular as Cisco had thought it would
have been, and on April 12, 2011, Cisco announced they were discontinuing all
Flip camera production. Cisco mi product linevideo conferencing for home also
proved to be a short-lived bid for the consumer multimedia market and did survive
in Cisco product lineup.

Hardware

Data

Datacenter products: Nexus Switches (1000v, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000,

6000,7000, 9000), MDS, Unified Computing System (UCS)
Routers, including: 800 Series, Integrated Services Router (ISR) (1800,
2800, 3800), ISR G2 (1900, 2900, 3900), 2500 Series, 7200, 7600, 12000,
 ASR (900, 1000, 9000), Network Convergence System (NCS) 6000, and
Carrier Routing System (CRS-1, CRS-3, CRS-X)
Security appliances: ASA 5500, PIX 500 series, Cisco Security Manager,
Email Security Appliance (ESA), Web Security Appliance (WSA), Content
Security Management Appliance (SMA)
Catalyst switches: 1900 Series, 2900 / 2950 / 2960 / 3500XL Series, 3550 /
3750 Series, 3000 Series, Catalyst 4500/4900, 5000/5500 Series, 6500
Series, 6800 Series
Teleworker/Remote ConnectivityCisco LAN2LAN Personal Office for
ISDN, VPN 3000 Concentrators
Cisco Wireless LAN productsAccess Points, PCI/PCMCIA/USB Wireless
LAN Adaptors, Wireless LAN Controllers (WLC), Wireless LAN Solutions
Engines (WLSE), Wireless Control System (WCS), Location Appliances,
Long range antennas.

Telephony Products

Collaboration SystemsCisco TelePresence, (Cisco Manufacturing Mobile

Video Collaboration with Librestream, Cisco acquired Tandberg, the world
leader in Telepresence systems)
IP Telephony (VoIP) Servers and Appliances
Cisco Unified IP PhonesWireless IP Phone 7920, 7945, 7965, 7942, 8900
series, 9900 series, 6900 series

Servers / Application Appliances

Cisco Wide Area Application Services (WAAS)

Unified Computing: Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) virtual server
platform
 Cisco Application Control Engine (ACE): Application Delivery Controller
(now discontinued)

Experimental

CLEO (Cisco Low Earth Orbit router)

IRIS (Cisco Internet Routing in Space)

Other Products

Cisco Cius: a new Android-based collaboration tablet (now discontinued)

Set Top Boxes (High Definition PVRs)Cable/IP
Flip pocket camera (Discontinued in April 2011)[85]

Software
Operating Systems

Internetwork Operating System (IOS)

CatOSCatalyst Switch Operating System
NX-OSNexus Operating System
IOS-XR

VPN/Remote Connectivity

Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client

Cisco Systems VPN Client
Clean Access Agent, Cisco NAC Appliance
Telephony/VoIP

Cisco CallManager / Cisco CallManager Express

Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Cisco Unified Operations Manager (CUOM)is a NMS for voice. It
features real-time monitoring of all system elements, and performs
automatic discovery for the entire system and provides contextual
diagnostics for troubleshooting.
Cisco IP Communicator is a VoIP softphone software application. It can
register with a Cisco Unified Communications Manager or Cisco Unified
Communications Manager Express using either SIP or Cisco's proprietary
Skinny Client Control Protocol.
WebEx Collaboration Tools

Other

Cisco Active Network Abstraction

Cisco Fabric Manager
Data Center Management and AutomationCisco Intelligent Automation
Cisco Tidal Enterprise Scheduler
CiscoView
CiscoWorks Network Management software
Cisco Eos
Packet Tracer, didactic network simulator
Cisco Network Magic Pro
Cisco Security Manager
Cisco SDM
PostOffice protocol (not to be confused with POP3, SMTP, or other mail
delivery protocols). It is a Cisco proprietary protocol that runs over UDP on
port 45000.It provides a communications vehicle between the sensors and
the Director platform.

VoIP services
Cisco became a major provider of Voice over IP to enterprises, and is now moving
into the home user market through its acquisitions of Scientific Atlanta and
Linksys. Scientific Atlanta provides VoIP equipment to cable service providers
such as Time Warner, Cablevision, Rogers Communications, UPC and others;
Linksys has partnered with companies such as Skype, Microsoft and Yahoo! to
integrate consumer VoIP services with wireless and cordless phones.

Hosted Collaboration Solution (HCS)

Cisco partners can offer cloud-based services based on Cisco's virtualized Unified
Computing System (UCS). A part of the Cisco Unified Services Delivery Solution
that includes hosted versions of Cisco Unified Communications Manager (UCM),
Cisco Unified Contact Center, Cisco Unified Mobility, Cisco Unified Presence,
Cisco Unity Connection (unified messaging) and Cisco Webex Meeting Center.

Network Emergency Response

The company maintains several Network Emergency Response Vehicles (NERV)s.
The vehicles are maintained and deployed by Cisco employees during natural
disasters and other public crises. The vehicles are self-contained and provide wired
and wireless services including voice and radio interoperability, voice over IP,
network-based video surveillance and secured high-definition video-conferencing
for leaders and first responders in crisis areas with up to 3 Mbit/s of bandwidth (up
and down) via a 1.8-meter satellite antenna.

NERVs are based at Cisco headquarters sites in San Jose, California and at
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, allowing strategic deployment in North
America. They can become fully operational within 15 minutes of arrival. High-
capacity diesel fuel-tanks allow the largest vehicles to run for up to 72 hours
continuously. The NERV has been deployed to incidents such as the October 2007
California wildfires; hurricanes Gustav, Ike and Katrina; the 2010 San Bruno gas
pipeline explosion, tornado outbreaks in North Carolina and Alabama in 2011; and
Hurricane Sandy in 2012.
The team maintains and deploys smaller more portable communication kits which
are deployed to emergencies outside of North America. In 2010 the team deployed
to assist in earthquake recovery in Haiti and in Christchurch (New Zealand). In
2011 they deployed to flooding in Brazil, as well as in response to the tsunami in
Japan.

In 2011 Cisco received the Innovation Preparedness award from the American Red
Cross Silicon Valley Chapter for its development and use of these vehicles in
disasters.

CISCO CAREER CERTIFICATION

Cisco Systems also sponsors a line of IT Professional certifications for Cisco
products.[94] There are five levels of certification: Entry (CCENT), Associate
(CCNA / CCDA), Professional (CCNP / CCDP), Expert (CCIE / CCDE) and
recently Architect, as well as nine different paths, Routing & Switching, Design,
Industrial Network, Network Security, Service Provider, Service Provider
Operations, Storage Networking, Voice, Datacenter and Wireless.

A number of specialist technician, sales and datacenter certifications are also

available.

Cisco also provides training for these certifications via a portal called the Cisco
Networking Academy. Qualifying schools can become members of the Cisco
Networking Academy and then provide CCNA level or other level courses. Cisco
Academy Instructors must be CCNA certified to be a CCAI certified instructor.

Cisco often finds itself involved with technical education. With over 10,000
partnerships in over 65 countries Cisco Academy program operates in many exotic
locations. For example, in March 2013, Cisco announced its interest in Myanmar
by investing in two Cisco Networking Academies in Yangon and Mandalay and a
channel partner network.

CRITISISM AND CONTROVERSY

Shareholder relations
A class action lawsuit filed on April 20, 2001, accused Cisco of making misleading
statements that "were relied on by purchasers of Cisco stock" and of insider
trading. While Cisco denied all allegations in the suit, on August 18, 2006, Cisco's
liability insurers, its directors and officers paid the plaintiffs US$91.75 million to
settle the suit.

Intellectual property disputes

On December 11, 2008, the Free Software Foundation filed suit against Cisco
regarding Cisco's failure to comply with the GPL and LGPL license models and
make the applicable source code publicly available. On May 20, 2009, Cisco
settled this lawsuit by complying with FSF licensing terms and making a monetary
contribution to the FSF.

Censorship in China
Cisco has been criticized for its involvement in censorship in the People's Republic
of China. According to author Ethan Gutmann, Cisco and other
telecommunications equipment providers supplied the Chinese government with
surveillance and Internet infrastructure equipment that is used to block Internet
websites and track online activities in China. Cisco says that it does not customize
or develop specialized or unique filtering capabilities to enable governments to
block access to information and that it sells the same equipment in China as it sells
worldwide.

Wired News had uncovered a leaked, confidential Cisco PowerPoint presentation

that details the commercial opportunities of the Golden Shield Project of Internet
control. In her article, journalist Sarah Stirland accuses Cisco of marketing its
technology "specifically as a tool of repression."

In May 2011, a group of Falun Gong practitioners filed the lawsuit under the Alien
Tort Statute alleging that Cisco knowingly developed and customized its product to
assist the Chinese government in prosecution and abuse of Falun Gong
practitioners. The presentation leaked from Cisco lists "Combat "Falun Gong" evil
religion and other hostiles" as one of the benefits of the Cisco system. The lawsuit
was dismissed in September 2014 by the United States District Court for the
Northern District of California, which decision was appealed to United States
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in September 2015.

Tax fraud investigation

On October 16, 2007, the Brazilian Federal Police and Brazilian Receita Federal
(equivalent to the American IRS), under the "Persona Operation", uncovered an
alleged tax fraud scheme employed by Cisco Systems Brazil Chief Carlos Roberto
Carnevali since 2002 that exempted the company from paying over R$1.5 billion
(US$824 million) in taxes.

Antitrust lawsuit
On December 1, 2008, Multiven filed an antitrust lawsuit against Cisco Systems,
Inc. in an effort to open up the network maintenance services marketplace for
Cisco equipment, promote competition and ensure consumer choice and value.
Multiven's complaint alleges that Cisco harmed Multiven and consumers by
bundling and tying bug fixes/patches and updates for its operating system software
to its maintenance services (SMARTnet) and through a series of other illegal
exclusionary and anticompetitive acts designed to maintain Cisco's alleged
monopoly in the network maintenance services market for Cisco networking
equipment. In May 2010 Cisco has accused the person who filed the antitrust suit,
British-Nigerian technology entrepreneur Peter Alfred-Adekeye, with hacking and
pressured the US government to extradite him from Canada. Alfred-Adekeye was
arrested while in the middle of testifying against Cisco in an anti-trust hearing.
Although he was released after 28 days on bail, the case has stretched for a year,
because the U.S. Attorney's office was unable to present the evidence required for
the extradition. The antitrust lawsuit has been settled 2 months after Alfred-
Adekeye's arrest. In May 2011 the US extradition request has been denied.
Canadian Supreme Court Justice Ronald McKinnon, who oversaw the extradition
hearing, commented on the arrest saying "It is simply not done in a civilized
jurisdiction that is bound by the rule of law". He also stated that the real reason for
the extradition proceedings was because Alfred-Adekeye "dared to take on a
multinational giant." Judge McKinnon has also condemned the US prosecutor for
hiding the fact that Alfred-Adekeye was in legal proceedings against Cisco
Systems, for stating that Alfred-Adekeye had left the USA in a time period when
he had not and a formal request for extradition was not filed against Alfred-
Adekeye when he was taken into custody. He described the information provided
by Cisco and the US prosecutor as "full of innuendo, half-truths and falsehoods,"
adding that "This speaks volumes for Cisco's duplicity" and accused them of
"unmitigated gall" in using such a heavy-handed move as an unsupportable arrest
and jailing to pressure Alfred-Adekeye to drop or settle his civil antitrust
complaint.

In March 2013 Multiven has filed a complaint both in Switzerland and the US
accusing Cisco of stealing thousands of its proprietary and copyrighted data files
from its knowledge base. The attack has allegedly taken place with the use of
"automated cyber scraping software" with the perpetrating IPs assigned to Cisco.
Cisco has denied the claims.

On July 20, 2015, Multiven CEO, Peter Alfred-Adekeye filed a libel lawsuit
against Cisco for (1) falsely claiming that he or someone under his control at
Multiven downloaded and stole Cisco software five times in 2006 from
cisco.com (2) using this lie to orchestrate his illegal arrest in Vancouver, Canada in
2010 and (3) continuing to knowingly propagate this falsehood till today.

Remotely monitoring users' connections

Cisco's Linksys E2700, E3500, E4500 devices have been reported to be remotely
updated to a firmware version that forces users to register for a cloud service,
allows Cisco to monitor their network use and ultimately shut down the cloud
service account and thus render the affected router unusable.

Firewall backdoor developed by NSA

According to the German magazine Der Spiegel the NSA has developed
JETPLOW for gaining access to ASA (series 5505, 5510, 5520, 5540 and 5550)
and 500-series PIX Firewalls.

Ciscos Chief Security Officer addressed the allegations publicly and denied
working with any government to weaken Cisco products for exploitation or to
implement security back doors.

A document included in the trove of National Security Agency files released with
Glenn Greenwalds book No Place to Hide details how the agencys Tailored
Access Operations (TAO) unit and other NSA employees intercept servers, routers
and other network gear being shipped to organizations targeted for surveillance and
install covert firmware onto them before theyre delivered. These Trojan horse
systems were described by an NSA manager as being some of the most productive
operations in TAO because they pre-position access points into hard target
networks around the world.

Cisco denied the allegations in a customer document saying that no information

was included about specific Cisco products, supply chain intervention or implant
techniques, or new security vulnerabilities. Ciscos General Counsel also claimed
that Cisco does not work with any government, including the United States
Government, to weaken its products. The allegations are reported to have prompted
the companys CEO to express concern to the President of the United States.
 CHAPTER FOUR
SERVICES PROVIDED BY
PNB TO CISCO

PNBS IT-enabling journey

Punjab National Bank used a two-pronged strategy to IT-enable itself and support
present and future business needs. And along the way it picked up valuable
information and experience.

Punjab National Bank's (PNB's) come a long way since March 2000, when IT
systems were deployed only at 500-odd branches, and was very disparate. Only 35
percent of the bank's business was computerized and a number of small software
packages ran on standalone PCs.

Now in 2003, PNB has 101 branches on a WAN, deployed a core banking
infrastructure, and runs 175 networked ATMs. It has also deployed a reliable
security infrastructure that helps it conduct transactions within its branches without
worry. The journey doesn't end here, but along the way the bank's picked up
valuable knowledge and experience.
THE BEGINING
In March 2000, the penetration and use of IT was not very high at PNB. The bank
used seven different software, which ran on 13 different flavors of Unix, on
standalone PCs. The 500- odd branches were not networked and only 35 percent of
the bank's business was computerized.The overall expertise in IT among users was
low.

The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) issued a directive to the bank to

computerize at least70 percent of its business by December 2000. This prompted
the bank to work out a strategy to tackle the daunting task in the short period of
time.

ANALYSIS
A SWOT analysis was performed and it produced the following results:

Strengths:

The bank personnel would be able to readily embrace the use of IT.
An existing pool of qualified knowledge-based personnel would contribute
largely to the IT initiatives.
The financial position of the bank was very sound. There would not be any
constraint of funds to facilitate IT initiatives.
The bank wasn't bound to too much legacy systems and equipment.

Weaknesses:

Different Unix OS flavors in different branches.

Different standalone financial applications on PCs at different branches.
Lack of interoperability due to disparity in systems.
Limited expertise on the software packages currently deployed. This
increased dependence on vendors.
Systems audits were pending.
Most branches did not have a proper LAN in place.
There was almost no WAN connectivity.
The bank realized that there was a lot of opportunity to create a stable IT
infrastructure which would fuel future growth. But there was also the need to
honor the CVC deadline to computerize at least 70 percent of its business within
December 2000.

The bank now has around 4,000 branches.

Action
PNB hired a consultant and devised a two-pronged plan of action. The plan
comprised:

1. A short term goal - To meet the CVC deadline of 70 percent computerization.

2. A long term goal - To create a dependable core banking infrastructure and build
a nationwide network to connect different branches to the core infrastructure.

MEETING THE CVC DEADLINE

In order to meet the CVC deadline the bank decided to deploy simple IT
infrastructure so that it could computerize 70 percent of its businesswithin the
deadline. The IT team decided to implement an application, which could run on
standalone PCs across its nationwide branches.The application vendor would have
to provide nationwide support since the in-house IT team could not provide support
at all branches.

PNB chose a product from a company called Nelito. It was a DOS-based, 'Partial
Branch Automation' application. Standalone versions werechosen since there
weren't LANs in place, and deployment of LANs at branches would take so long
that the CVC deadline couldn't be met.The interface was simple in design, and thus
easy for the bank personnel to use.
HARDWARE AND TRAINING

The bank selected two hardware vendors and the application software was
embedded into the hardware to make them 'plug-and-play'capable. Nelito's package
was deployed at one branch at a time. And after each successful implementation at
a branch, it was replicated at a newer branch.

Internal training sessions for the bank personnel were conducted with the help of
14 training institutes. The source code of the product wast weaked to facilitate
deployment. The IT team was specially trained to re-architect the source code, and
make any modifications, improvements, value additions, and enhancements.
Deployment at the selected branches was over by December 2000.

The bank requested CVC for an extension of the deadline and was granted time till
March 2001. By March 2001, 70.60 percent of the bank's business was
computerized.

LONG-TERM STRATEGY
In the long-term, PNB wanted a technology that would consolidate all its business
resources and sustain the bank's future growth. It also wanted to create its own
network, which would play a vital role in its success. Three consultants were
appointed to review technology options for long-term adoption. The verdict of the
consultants was to deploy a centralized core banking architecture.

CORE BANKING ARCHITECTURE

On 30 March 2001, the bank used the services of Infosys for the deployment of
Finnacle. A core team was selected, which would be the heart of the project.
Infosys trained 200-odd personnel from a core team over six months. The core
team modified and customized the package according to its specific needs. It was
then time to procure hardware. K.S. Bajwa, Deputy General Manager, Information
Technology Division, PNB, said, "It's a standard international practice to procure
hardware based on the type of software applications that an enterprise has selected.
This helps to match the specific computing needs required by the software." PNB
purchased servers, security infrastructure, and storage equipment and decided
tohouse it in its own central data center in New Delhi. A lot of infrastructure from
Cisco has been used to build the data center.

In April 2002 the bank rolled-out Finnacle in seven branches as a pilot venture.
This was done because the bank had seven differentapplication packages, and it
wanted to ensure smooth migration of the data into Finnacle. By mid May 2002, all
data from other softwarewas successfully migrated into Finnacle.

CULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY ISSUE

"Issues were mostly cultural. Most staffers were used to working in a manual
environment, and some had worked in standalone environments.In the new
networked environment, personnel at the node/counter didn't actually 'see' the
transactions updating in the various account books.

This gave rise to a number of queries and suggestions from personnel. The bank
consulted IDRBT and RBI to verify the implementationsuccess and it was reported
that the deployment was absolutely correct. Around six months later, the personnel
felt that the environment'change' had done them good, and was used to working on
the systems.

"There were a few integration issues when migrating to Finnacle, but the in-house
IT team was able to resolve them all. The pilot for the initialseven branches was a
test-bed for us. The knowledge we gained from the pilot deployments helped us
overcome the future issues," explained Bajwa.
SYSTEMS
Before deploying the core banking architecture, PNB used servers which were NT-
based, from IBM, and from other vendors. The bank conducted bench marking test
for Finnacle on various server platforms. And it was satisfied with the performance
of Sun's hardware on Solaris. Sun's Fire servers, Solaris OS, and Oracle's RDBMS
are now in use.

NETWORK DESIGN
Cisco has tied up with PNB to evolve the network design and implement a
nationwide network backbone to connect all its offices. Cisco willassist the bank in
understanding and implementing the various technologies associated with the
project. The converged network infrastructurewill allow PNB to standardize the
applications and software needed to provide the banking services.

The network infrastructure will have a three-tier architecture. The network hub will
be in its data center. The various branches would beconnected to the data center
using new-world routing and switching technologies.

MOVING TO INTERNET BANKING

PNB got a license from RBI to offer Internet banking services. Some of the RBI
preconditions were that the systems should be audited by an independent auditor,
and an independent and authentic agency must carry out penetration testing. The
bank has already had its systems audited by an external agency, and the penetration
testing process is still going on. In the process, PNB has developed the skills of its
own personnel to take charge of security on their own at a later stage. The bank
will also recruit technically trained staff to provide the necessary knowledge pool.
With the Internet banking launch, the bank will also strengthen its security policy.
STORAGE SYSTEM
The bank has followed RBI's storage requirement guidelines. Provisions have been
made to store transaction data for around 10 years. Insome cases, data is stored
permanently. Around 164 Sun enterprise class servers are used in a DAS
architecture. The total capacity is ofmultiple TBs.

The Sun hardware uses an in-built storage management tool. Bajwa feels that the
bank doesn't need a third-party storage management toolright now since the
database is not too large. However the bank is considering a storage management
application from Veritas.

WAN AND CONNECTIVITY

101 branches of the bank are on a WAN. The bank plans to put 500-odd branches
on the WAN this year, and in three years the WAN will have 2000-odd
branches.The bank tried a number of connectivity options. 802.11b wireless
connectivity was installed in five branches to begin with.

"It was a comfortable experience, but suffered the inability to interchange between
the wired medium. Changing between mediums had to be performed manually,"
said Bajwa.

The bank then explored the option of leased lines and used connectivity from
MTNL and BSNL. It also used Bharti's leased line betweenMumbai and Delhi. The
bank now uses Reliance Infocomm's fiber optic backbone along with the leased
lines in locations where the optic fiber does not reach. However, the use of
Reliance Infocomm's infrastructure may be temporary. Bajwa says that his
experience with BSNL's service is very commendable.
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
PNB has appointed HCL Com-net to carry out 24x7 monitoring of the countrywide
network. There's a live link betweenHCL Comnet's NOC and PNB's IT head office.
The network is monitored remotely and can also be viewed at the bank's IT facility,
where a separate monitoring system is used for the Base24 Switch. Reliance has
set up a NOC at PNB's premise to monitor its optic fiber network.

THE FUTURE
These are some initiatives the bank wants to take in future:

Set up a data warehouse and a data mart soon. It will take six months to
achieve. IDRBT has been involved as a consultant.
It may need to set up a NAS and SAN to consolidate its storage.
Disaster Recovery site may be built at Mumbai to create a replica of its data
center. It will take around six months to be functional.
A call center will be set up as a CRM initiative, which uses information from
the data warehouse with the help of the Base24 switch.

KEEPING IT SECURE
Security was especially important because the bank could afford no compromise.
The security architecture had to berobust, reliable, and scalable to meet current and
future needs. Cisco was chosen as the service provider who could meetthese
stringent requirements. The bank uses a range of security products like Firewalls
and IDSs from Cisco for itssecurity needs in its LANs and WAN. All data
transactions between its routers and switches are encrypted. It hasappointed Ramco
Systems as the security integrator. The security integrator is responsible for the
complete securityinfrastructure and is answerable for any security breach or lapse.
The bank will also appoint a security administrator. Verisign will provide the
necessary Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) to the bank for secure transactions.
ADVANTAGE ATMS

PNB feels that ATMs offer many advantages over conventional branch-based
banking like low cost per transaction and customer convenience. To encourage
this, the bank has installed over 250 ATMs, out of which 175 are networked. A
Base24 switch controls the ATMs. The ATMs are connected essentially through
VSAT links from Comsat Max. VSAT links were chosen over leased lines because
the bank felt that leased lines did not provide 100 percent uptime, and VSATs were
closer to that mark. "If a customer uses an ATM and the line is not up, he/she will
not be able to complete the transaction. The bank can't take a chance with
connectivity," said Bajwa. Comsat Max has signed an SLA of maximum
guaranteed uptime and dedicated bandwidth, to be increased whenever required.
PNB has formed a consortium of seven banks and has principally agreed to share
the ATM facilities amongst themselves. It will be available for public use soon
Punjab National Bank Institute of Information Technology
(PNBIIT) ties-up with Cisco to offer its networking
education course

Punjab National Bank Institute of Information Technology (PNBIIT), a premier

institute, imparting training in the field of banking technology to banks and
financial institutions and Cisco, the worldwide leader in networking for the
Internet, today announced a tie-up to offer Cisco's networking education
curriculum to students. With this, PNBIIT becomes India's first enterprise/banking
IT institute to offer these courses. Cisco will provide the networking course
curriculum and comprehensive training, assessment and technical support to
PNBIIT.

PNBIIT will currently offer the Cisco Certified Networking Associate (CCNA)
curriculum to its own banking students/professionals and students/professionals
from other bank as well. It will also offer the curriculum to college students and
other IT professionals in Lucknow. In the next few months, PNBIIT will strengthen
its Cisco networking curriculum offering further by introducing the specialised
Cisco Security and Cisco Wireless courses.

Commenting on the development, Mr. Khetarpaul, Director - PNBIIT, said

"Technology has brought about a paradigm shift in the way customer requirements
are addressed in the Indian banking and financial services industry. Our vision is to
develop a world-class institute to impart technical education and equip the industry
to leverage the power of ICT and compete in the 21st century. In line with that
vision, we have tied-up with Cisco to offer its networking curriculum that is
recognized globally."

According to Mr. Ranajoy Punja, Senior VP-Marketing, India & SAARC, Cisco,
"Networking is at the core of the IT revolution that is transforming the Indian
banking and financial services sector. Institutions in the sector are increasingly
deploying next generation networks and the latest technologies to enable world
class customer services. The need is to train internal employees and other
professionals in the sector to operate, manage and maintain these networks. Our
tie-up with PNBIIT is a significant step in that direction."

PNBIIT is a premier institute of information technology, set up by the Punjab

National Bank, to provide contemporary training in respect of usage of IT in
developing operations and business of banking, finance and insurance. PNBIIT has
alliances with academic and professional bodies in India and abroad, for
infrastructural support in conducting its programmes, including study material,
training aids, visiting faculty and joint academic pursuits.
 CONCLUSION

The aim of the banks is to provide state-of-the-art, low cost and efficient banking
services, with a focus on increasing fee-based income. New innovative products
are been offered, even a small investor is able to invest in such products.

Indias financial services sector is expected enjoy generally strong growth during
coming years, driven by rising personal incomes, financial sector liberalization and
the growth of a more consumer oriented, credit-oriented culture. This is expected
to lead to increasing demand for financial products, including corporate loans as
well as investment products.

Banks are the Financial Institution which satisfies the individual & group goals
with proper systems of rules, regulations, policies, services, procedures&
strategies. To achieve the goals and objectives the main component of the banks
are the customers.

Banks are the diversified financial services company that provides a range of
services to customer including retail banking, venture capital, private equity,
working capital finance etc.

Banking is something about transition of money. In todays scenario each bank

offers similar services, only thing which differentiates one bank from other is
customer experience which creates customer preference about bank and thus
decides the bankers business. In order to enriching the customer experience with
firms profitability, ones approach should be customer centric and in doing so
CRM plays a vital role.

Corporate banking is growing sector in todays banking industry and thus it has
gained a lot of importance
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

All this information related to customer relationship management is taken from

internet and some part is referred form textbooks

Internet is the key role for this project research

www.businessstandards.com

www.timesofindia.com

www.punjabnational.in

www.cisco.com

www.wikipidea.com
www.forbes.com