1

BE (Mech & Prod), II Semester-March, 2007

Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

Unit-4

1. 4 grams of water vapor per kg of dry air of atmosphere is removed and temperature after removing water
vapor becomes 20oC DBT. Find the followings: I) Relative humidity and ii) Dew point temperature. Assume
the conditions of atmosphere are 30oC DBT and 55% R.H and the pressure is 1.01 bar.

Solution
pv
, where =Relative humidity, pv = Vapor pressure , pvs = Saturation vapor pressure at
p vs

corresponding saturation temperature.

Corresponding to 30oC, saturation pressure from steam tables, pvs = 0.0425 bar
pv pv
Therefore, 0.55 , from which pv = 0.02337 bar
pvs 0.0425

0.622 pv 0.622 0.02337

We know that specific humidity, w 0.01468 kg of vapor/kg of dry air
pt pv 1.01 0.02337

Specific humidity after removing 4 gms of water vapor, w1 = 0.01468-0.004=0.01068 kg/kg of air
0.622 pv 0.622 pv
Therefore, w1 0.01068 , from which pv = 0.0171 bar
pt pv 1.01 pv

Corresponding to 20oC from steam tables, pvs = 0.0234 bar

pv 0.0171
Therefore, 73% and DPT at 0.0171 bar is 15oC from steam tables
pvs 0.0234

2. It is required to design an air conditioning Plant, for a small office for following winter conditions; Outlet
conditions: 12oC DBT, 10oC WBT: Required conditions: 20oC DBT and 60% RH: Amount of air circulation
0.30 m3/min/person. Seating capacity of office-60: The required condition is achieved first by heating and
then by adiabatic humidifying. Determine- i) Heating capacity of the coil, ii) Surface temperature required for
coil if BPF is 0.4 and iii) Capacity of the humidifier.
Solution: (Fig. 4.1 represents the Psychrometric chart)

Point State Coordinates

1 Outside conditions 12oC DBT, 10oC WBT
3 Design conditions 20oC DBT, 60%RH
Required process Heating and Adiabatic humidification

Construction: To get point 2, draw horizontal line from 1 and constant enthalpy line from 3
Read from the chart: h1 = 29.3 kJ/kg, h2=h3 = 42.3 kJ/kg, w1 = w2 = 6.8 gm of vapor /kg of air,
W3 = 8.6 gm of vapor /kg of air, td2 = 24.5oC, v1 = 0.817 m3 /kg .
0.30 60
Mass of air required per minute, ma = 22.03kg / mi
0.817
 2
22.03 42.3 29.3
Heating capacity of coil = ma h2 h1 4.77kW
60
Let Td4 be the mean surface temperature of heating coil,
td 4 td 2 td 4 24.5
BPF = 0.4 = , from which td4 = 32.8oC
td 4 td 1 td 4 12
ma w3 w1 60 22.03 8.6 6.8 60
Capacity of humidifier = 2.37 kg/h
1000 1000

Fig.4.1 Psychrometric Chart

3. It is required to design an air conditioning plant for a small office for following hot and wet summer
conditions: Outlet conditions: 32oC DBT, 65%RH, Required conditions: 22oC DBT and 60%. Amount of air
circulation 250 m3/min, Coil dew temperature is 15oC. The required condition is achieved by first cooling
and dehumidifying: Calculate the i) Cooling capacity of cooling coil and its by pass factor, ii) Heating
capacity of the heating coil and surface temperature of the heating coil if by pass factor is 0.3 and iii) The
mass of water vapor removed per hour.

Solution (Fig. 4.2 represents the Psychrometric chart)

Point State Coordinates

1 Outside conditions 32oC DBT, 65% RH
3 Design conditions 25oC DBT, 60%RH
5 Apparatus dew point 13oC DBT
Required process Cooling and Dehumidification

Construction:
To get point 4 (DPT of entry air)- draw horizontal line from 1 on to the saturation line.
To get point 2- Join 1-5 and draw horizontal line from 3 which intersects the line joining 1-5 at point 2
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Read from the chart: h1 = 82.5 kJ/kg, h2 = 47.5 kJ/kg, h3 = 55.7 kJ/kg, h5 = 36.6 kJ/kg,
w1 =19.6 gm of vapor /kg of air, w3 =11.8 gm of vapor /kg of air,
td2 = 17.6 oC, v1 = 0.892 m3 /kg.
250
Mass of air required per minute, ma = 280.26kg / mi
0.892
ma h1 h2 280.26 82.5 47.5
Capacity of cooling coil = 46.7tons
210 210
h2 h5 47.5 36.6
BPF of cooling coil = 0.237
h1 h5 82.5 36.6
280.26 55.7 47.5
Capacity of heating coil = ma h3 h2 38.3kW
60
Let td6 be the mean surface temperature of the heating coil
td 6 td 3 td 25
BPF =0.3 = 6 , from which td6 = 28.2oC
td 6 td 2 td 6 17.6
ma w1 w3 60 280.26 19.6 11.8 60
Capacity of humidifier = 131.16kg / h
1000 1000

Fig.4.2. Psychrometric Chart