Technical Paper Presentation

On

Framed for

PREPARED BY:

B.UMA MAHESHWARA G.SOHAIL

AHEMAD

CE 2/4
G PullaReddy Engineering College (GPREC) CE 2/4
, GPREC
Mobile: 8125133426
Mobile: 9703483437
b.umamaheshwara10@gmail.com
sohail.sam369@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Green buildings are eco-friendly, resource
efficient and are very energy efficient and are
designed and commissioned to ensure they are
healthy for its occupants
They are more comfortable and easier to live
with due to low operating and owning costs
Green Building Green building - also known as
sustainable or high performance building - is the
practice of: Increasing the efficiency with which
buildings and their sites use and harvest energy,
water, and materials; and Protecting and
restoring human health and the environment,
throughout the building life-cycle: siting, design,
construction, operation, maintenance,
renovation and deconstruction.
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT :
Green Building Concept The `Green
Building' concept is gaining importance in
various countries, including India. These are
buildings that ensure that waste is
minimized at every stage during the
construction and operation of the building,
resulting in low costs, according to experts
in the technology.
. The techniques associated with the
`Green Building' include measures to
prevent erosion of soil, rainwater harvesting,
preparation of landscapes to reduce heat,
reduction in usage of potable water,
recycling of waste water and use of world
class energy efficient practices.
WHAT MAKES A BUILDING
"GREEN"?
What makes a building "green"? A green
building is a structure that is
environmentally responsible and resource-
efficient throughout its life-cycle. These
objectives expand and complement the
classical building design concerns of
economy, utility, durability, and comfort.
What is a greenhouse structure?
Greenhouse-
structure covered with a transparent
material, which allows sufficient sunlight to
enter for the purpose of growing and
maintaining plants
Greenhouse range-
two or more greenhouses located together
Headhouse-
a central building attached to
a greenhouse and used for
office, storage, and work
space
BENEFITS OF GREEN
BUILDING :
Benefits Of Green Building Buildings have
an enormous impact on the environment,
human health, and the economy. The
successful adoption of green building
strategies can maximize both the economic
and environmental performance of
buildings.
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS :
Environmental benefits Enhance and protect
biodiversity and ecosystems Improve air and
water quality Reduce waste streams
Conserve and restore natural resources
ECONOMIC BENEFITS :
Economic benefits Reduce operating costs
Create, expand, and shape markets for green
product and services Improve occupant
productivity Optimize life-cycle economic
performance
SOCIAL BENEFITS :
whereas traditional roof starts at
$1.25/ sq. ft.
Not all roofs can support the weight of
green roofs (additional 12 to 150 lbs. per
sq. foot)

Social benefits Enhance occupant comfort

and health Heighten aesthetic qualities
Minimize strain on local infrastructure GREEN BUILDING
Improve overall quality of life CRITERIONS

HOW DO BUILDINGS AFFECT

Sustainable siting and design
NATURAL RESOURCES? : Green building materials
Water efficiency
How do buildings affect natural
Energy efficiency
resources? Buildings and On-site power generation
development have significant Indoor air quality
environmental impacts on our natural
resources, including: According to SITE SELECTION
surveys conducted in 2002, 107.3
million acres of the 1.983 billion
Use appropriate building sites
acres of total land area in the U.S. is
Preserve open space
developed, which represents an Reduce sprawl
increase of 24 percent in developed Develop brown fields
land over the past 10 years. In terms Safeguard endangered species
of energy, buildings accounted for Restore damaged environment
39.4 percent of total U.S. energy
consumption and 67.9 percent of SITE INTEGRATION
total U.S. electricity consumption

DRAWBACKS AND Enhance naturally occurring biodiversity

LIMITATIONS
As a general rule of thumb, green
roof systems cost 50% more than a
conventional roof
Minimize site disturbance
Manage storm water
Optimize transportation options
Reduce heat islands
Reduce light pollution

U.S. EPA: Green Roofs start at $8/

sq. ft., including materials,
preparation work and installation,
LOCATION

The greenhouse should be located where it

gets maximum sunlight. The first choice of
location is the south or southeast side of a
building or shade trees. Sunlight all day is
best, but morning sunlight on the east side is
sufficient for plants. Morning sunlight is
most desirable because it allows the plant's
food production process to begin early; thus
growth is maximized. An east side location
captures the most November to February
sunlight. The next best sites are southwest
and west of major structures, where plants
receive sunlight later in the day. North of
major structures is the least desirable
location and is good only for plants that
require little light.
Good drainage is another requirement for
Deciduous trees, such as maple and oak, can the site. When necessary, build the
effectively shade the greenhouse from the greenhouse above the surrounding ground so
intense late afternoon summer sun; however, rainwater and irrigation water will drain
they should not shade the greenhouse in the away. Other site considerations include the
morning. Deciduous trees also allow light requirements of the plants to be grown;
maximum exposure to the winter sun locations of sources of heat, water, and
because they shed their leaves in the fall. electricity; and shelter from winter wind.
Evergreen trees that have foliage year round Access to the greenhouse should be
should not be located where they will shade convenient for both people and utilities. A
the greenhouse because they will block the workplace for potting plants and a storage
less intense winter sun. You should aim to area for supplies should be nearby.
maximize winter sun exposure, particularly
if the greenhouse is used all year. Remember
TYPES OF GREENHOUSES
that the sun is lower in the southern sky in
winter causing long shadows to be cast by
A home greenhouse can be attached to a
buildings and evergreen trees (Figure 1).
house or garage, or it can be a freestanding
structure. The chosen site and personal
preference can dictate the choices to be
considered. An attached greenhouse can be a
half greenhouse, a full-size structure, or an
extended window structure. There are
advantages and disadvantages to each type.

Attached GreenhousesLean-to. A lean-

to greenhouse is a half greenhouse, split
along the peak of the roof, or ridge line lengthened. The even-span has a better
(Figure 2A), Lean-tos are useful where shape than a lean-to for air circulation to
space is limited to a width of approximately maintain uniform temperatures during the
seven to twelve feet, and they are the least winter heating season. An even-span can
expensive structures. The ridge of the lean- accommodate two to three benches for
to is attached to a building using one side growing crops.
and an existing doorway, if available. Lean-
tos are close to available electricity, water
and heat. The disadvantages include some
limitations on space, sunlight, ventilation,
and temperature control. The height of the
supporting wall limits the potential size of
the lean-to. The wider the lean-to, the higher
the supporting wall must be. Temperature
control is more difficult because the wall
that the greenhouse is built on may collect
the sun's heat while the translucent cover of
the greenhouse may lose heat rapidly. The
lean-to should face the best direction for
adequate sun exposure. Finally, consider the
location of windows and doors on the
supporting structure and remember that
snow, ice, or heavy rain might slide off the
roof or the house onto the structure.
Window-mounted. A window-mounted
greenhouse can be attached on the south or
east side of a house. This glass enclosure
gives space for conveniently growing a few
plants at relatively low cost (Figure 2D).
The special window extends outward from
the house a foot or so and can contain two or
three shelves.

Even-span. An even-span is a full-size

structure that has one gable end attached to
another building (Figure 2B). It is usually
the largest and most costly option, but it
provides more usable space and can be

Freestanding Structures
Freestanding greenhouses are separate
structures; they can be set apart from
other buildings to get more sun and can
be made as large or small as desired
(Figure 2C). A separate heating system
is needed, and electricity and water
must be installed.
The lowest cost per square foot of growing
space is generally available in a freestanding
or even-span greenhouse that is 17 to 18 feet
wide. It can house a central bench, two side
benches, and two walkways. The ratio of
cost to the usable growing space is good.
When deciding on the type of structure, be
sure to plan for adequate bench space,
storage space, and room for future
expansion. Large greenhouses are easier to
manage because temperatures in small
greenhouses fluctuate more rapidly. Small
greenhouses have a large exposed area
through which heat is lost or gained, and the
air volume inside is relatively small;
therefore, the air temperature changes
quickly in a small greenhouse. Suggested
minimum sizes are 6 feet wide by 12 feet
long for an even-span or freestanding
greenhouse.
TOP FIVE GREEN BUILDINGS
OF THE WORLD. :
1.THE BAHRAIN WORLD
TRADE CENTER TOWERS,
KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN :
Three 96-foot propellers suspended between
the towers will supply the 42-storey spires
with over 1100 megawatts per year. The
shape of the building itself will create an
accelerated airflow for the jumbo blades.
Here are some virtual views of the Arabian
Gulf from various levels of the building.
Real views can be appreciated later this
year, when the building opens.
2. THE PEARL RIVER TOWER,
GUANGZHOU, CHINA :
Another greenscraper designed to harness
winds at lofty heights, the Pearl River Tower
will use internal wind turbines to keep the
lights on. Fashioned like a giant wing, the
tower pushes air through wind tunnels on
two of the building's 71 stories. This eco-
marvel of a building will also employ
geothermal heat sinks, ventilated facades,
waterless urinals, integrated photovoltaics
and daylight responsive controls when it
opens in late 2009.
3. BANK OF AMERICA TOWER,
NEW YORK CITY :
The designers of Bank of America Tower,
Cook + Fox Architects, are hoping to one-up
the Hearst Tower by going for LEED
Platinum certification. We'll see if they pull
it off next year, when the building is slated
to cut the red ribbon. Like the Hearst, The
BOA tower will also use rainwater capture
and floor-to-ceiling windows for natural
lightingbut it will also employ even more
EcoGeeky technologies. Natural gas fuel
cells will create on-site electricity, and
sunlight-sensing LED lights will maximize
efficiency.
WHAT ARTE THE
STRUCTURAL PARTS OF
GREEN HOUSE
BUILDING:
1. foundation- support for the
framework
2. Footings- concrete support for
foundation; located below the frost
line
3. Sidewalls or curtain walls- wall on
which the framework sits
4. Ridge- top of the greenhouse
5. Anchor support posts- provide main
structural support for the greenhouse

4.THE LIGHTHOUSE TOWER : 6. Trusses- provide structural strength

The Dubai International Financial Centre 7. Purlins- run length of greenhouse

Lighthouse Tower plans to use 4000
photovoltaic panels on the south facing 8. connecting trusses
faade as well as three mega 225 kilowatt
9. Ventilators- moveable units that
wind turbines to meet its electricity needs.
Other details are sparse, if it was under allow for natural ventilation.
construction this definitely would have They can be located on the top or
broken into the top three. sides.

5.THE CIS TOWER, TYPES OF GREEN ROOFS:

MANCHESTER, ENGLAND :
(1) Extensive is also
Formerly on featured on EcoGeek, the CIS known as a green roof
Tower outdoes the pretty much anyone in system or living roof.
solar. Weighing in with over 7,000 panels on
the faade and 24 wind turbines on the
Shallower 1-5 growing
roof, the CIS Tower will be able to produce
10% of its energy needs all on its own. material and hardy plants that
require minimal maintenance;
lighter; often accessible only
for maintenance
 Intensive is also
known as a rooftop
garden
Deeper 12+ growing
material, more intricate or
delicate plantings, and more
maintenance such as
irrigation and pruning
required;
heavier but generally
accessible to
people, like a ground garden
Prevailing winds are also an important
consideration
Also consider entrances and drives that
are accessible for large trucks and
sufficient parking
Location of headhouse and storage
facility is important to consider also
WHAT ARE THE FACTORS
INVOLVED IN LOCATING A
GREENHOUSE RANGE?

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE Market

BETWEEN THE Accessibility
TRANSPARENT COVERINGS
USED FOR GREENHOUSES? Climate conditions

Glass Topography and drainage

Usually expensive and hard to heat Water and other utilities

Double strength; grade B is usually used Zoning regulations

Sometimes, thermopane- a double of Labor supply

layer of glass with to inch dead air
space between panes- is used
Expansion

Sash bars used with bar caps keep glass WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT
in place METHODS USED IN
CONTROLLING
GREENHOUSE RANGE GREENHOUSES
Should be oriented to present the least TEMPERATURE?
amount of shadows and achieve light
Generally night temps should be 55-65
intensity
degree F and day temps should be 65-80
Most important in N latitudes of N.A. degree F

Ways to control temp

 Heaters
Ventilation and evaporation
cooling systems
Shading material
TYPES OF HEATING
SYSTEMS
Steam
Hot water
Forced air heaters
Infrared radiant heaters
TYPES OF COOLING
SYSTEMS
Natural ventilation
Fan ventilation
Fan-tube or fan-jet
ventilation
Fan-pad cooling system
Fog-evaporation
Shading Materials
Liquid
Black polypropylene shade
fabric
CONCLUSION
Green building is a much better product as
compared to conventional homes.Its good
for your pocket book through much lower
utility bills, good for your employer since
healthy homes save on medical bills and
sick leave, and you live with the knowledge
that you are helping the earth.
Green building is a much better product as
compared to conventional homes.Its good
for your pocket book through much lower
utility bills, good for your employer since
healthy homes save on medical bills and
sick leave, and you live with the knowledge
that you are helping the earth.
The market for green buildingmaterials and
products is estimated to reachRs.15000
crores by 2010.
REFERENCES:
WWW. HEARTLAND
BUILDERS.COM
CHICAGO DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTS GUIDE TO
ROOFTOP GARDENING FROM
THE CITY OF CHICAGO
 HTTP://WWW.POST-
GAZETTE.COM/PG/05218/549461.
STM

WWW.GREEN ROOFS.COM)

HTTP://WWW.EPA.GOV/HIRI/STR
ATEGIES/GREENROOFS.HTML