MANAJEMEN INFORMAI PENDEKATAN GLOBAL

MANAJEMEN INFORMASI PENDEKATAN GLOBAL

FOREWORD

The computer field is ever changing. Right now, the computer technology change every
18 months and entire field every 30 months. There are approximately 150 MILLION computerin
use globally with a 100 million projected in sales for the next year alone. Computers arechanging
the way businesses and governments do operations. Computers will continue to change the way
we look at and think about businesses. With this mind, it is my extreme please to write this
forward for this book, Management Information: A Global Approach, by Yuniarto Nurwono,
who was a former student of mine.
This book is based on the information Management Model (IMM). The IMM is a way of
looking at the knowledge of the field through the of an End User and Information Manage. This
model helps to organize the information is important. The IMM is help to educate and train
individuals in becoming the “new” worker and “new” manager of the future.
Since the life blood of any organization in ‘information,’ a way was needed to track or
map the information which flows through an organization. The ‘Rohm Matrix” was Developed
to allow any individual, end user or information nanager, to track or map such information. In
realty, the Rohm Matrix is just a tool for an organization to determine how the information flows
from employee to employee. It is very simple but it is very useful for analysis work and helping
to determine what information is needed.
This book will help you to realize that world is really changing very soon, major cganges
are taking place again in computers, these changes are going to make the world “smaller” by
connecting the various countries together in way not thought about before. It will be possible for
any individual, for a small fee, to become conneted to any place in the word through voice, data
and video. This type of breakthrough will revolutionize the way the think about each other and
do busibess. You, as a reader of this book, would be able to become connected, via a computer
and network system, and talk with me whilw I sit in my office in America. You and I world see
and hear each other in our native languages and settings. What an advantage this would be for all
of us.
Hope you enjoy this book and learn to become the new information worker and
information manager of future.

Sincerely,

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Professor C. E. Tapie Rohm Jr.

Chair, Department of Information and Becision Sciences,
California State University San Bernardino, and
Editor-in-Chief, The Journal of International Information Managemant (JIIM)

Bab 1. PENDAHULUAN 1
Bab 2. INFORMASI MASA DEPAN 5
2.1. PERUBAHAN JAMAN 5
2.2. MENGANALISIS POSISI SEKARANG 7
2.3. IMAJINASI MASA DEPAN 11

Bab 3. PENGETAHUAN DASAR 15

3.1. DASAR-DASAR MANAJEMEN INFORMASI 16
3.1.1. Model Managemen Informasi 17
3.1.2. Tingkatan Dalam Managemen Informasi 31
3.1.3. End User Computing 33
3.1.4. Komputer Sebagai Sumber Daya 44
3.1.5. Piramida Organisasi 51
3.1.6. Manajemen Informasi pada Organisasi 53
3.2. PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI 57
3.2.1. Daur Ulang Informasi 60
3.2.2. Atur Informasi dan Perencanaannya 64
3.2.3. Business System Planning 68
3.2.4. Pelaksanaan Perkembangan 72

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3.3. TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI 77

3.3.1. Perangkat Keras 78
3.3.1.1. Input 79
3.3.1.2. Processor 84
3.3.1.3. Storage 91
3.3.1.4. Output 94
3.3.2. Perangkat Lunak 118
3.3.2.1. System Softwere 119
3.3.2.2. Programming Language 120
3.3.2.3. Aplication Softwere 122
3.3.3. Batch, On-Line, dan Realtime 125
3.3.4. Perawatan dan Reparasi 126
3.3.4.1. Perangkat Keras 127
3.3.4.2. Reparasi 128
3.3.4.3. Perangkat Lunak 135
3.3.5. Pelatihan 135
3.4. TEKNOLOGI KOMUNIKASI 136
3.4.1. Open System Interconnection 141
3.4.2. Perangkat Keras 144
3.4.2.1. DCE dan DTE 145
3.4.2.2. Media 146
3.4.2.3. Terminal 146
3.4.2.4. Multiplexer 147
3.4.2.5. Consentrator 152
3.4.2.6. Font End Processor 153
3.4.2.7. Protokol Converter 154
3.4.3. Protocol dan Data link Control 156

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3.4.4.1. Protocol secara Global 157

3.4.3.2. Data link control 158
3.4.4. Network 162
3.4.4.1. Network Secara Global 162
3.4.4.2. Network Topology 163
3.4.5. Local Area Network 166
3.4.5.1. Sejarah 167
3.4.5.2. Standar 167
3.4.5.3. Aktivitas dan Kriteria LAN 168
3.4.5.4. Antisipasi Kegagalan 169
3.4.5.5. LAN vs PBX vs Multiuser 170
3.4.5.6. ARCnet, Ethernet, dan Token Ring 172
3.4.5.7. CBA pada LAM 180
3.4.6. Wide Area Network 183
3.4.6.1. WAN Secara Global 183
3.4.6.2. LAN vs WAN 184
3.4.6.3. Hubungan Antar Network 185

Bab 4. ALAT PENUNJANG 187

4.1. DATA PROCESSING 188
4.1.1. Departemen EDP vs Departemen MIS 188
4.1.2. Data Processing pada Umumnya 189
4.1.3. Distributed Data Processing 191
4.1.3.1. Konfigurasi DDP 192
4.1.3.2. Dasar pembagian DDP 194
4.1.3.3. Kualifikasi Pemakaian DDP 195
4.1.4. Information Prossesing 199

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4.2. DATA BISE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 201

4.2.1. Eleman Database 202
4.2.2. Bentuk Database 204
4.2.2.1. Hierarchical Databace 207
4.2.2.2. Network Database 208
4.2.2.3. Relational Database 211
4.2.3. Databace Administrator 212
4.3. MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEMS 214
4.3.1. MMS pada Organisasi 216
4.3.1. Transaction Processing Systems 220
4.3.3. Office Automation Systems 221
4.3.4. Management Information Systems 227
4.3.5. Decision Support Systems 230
4.3.6. Executive Support Sistems 234
4.4. ARTIFICIAL INTELLINGENT 238
4.4.1. Expert Systems 242
4.4.2. Visual, suara, Robot, dan Neural Network 245
4.5. INFORMATION FORECASTING 247
4.5.1. Teknik Dasar Forecasting 249
4.5.2. Qualitative 254
4.5.2.1. Subjective Assesment Methods 254
4.5.2.2. Exploratory 255
4.5.2.3. Normative Approach 257
4.5.3. Quantitative 257
4.5.4. Explanatory (Casual Relationship) 258
4.5.4.1. Simple Regression 258
4.5.4.2. Multiple Regression 261

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4.5.4.3. Econometric Model 263

4.5.5. Time Series 265
4.5.5.1. Decomposition 265
4.5.5.2. Smoothing 269
4.5.5.3. Other Time Series 270
4.5. INFORMATION PROBLEM SOLVING 271
4.6.1. Pendekatan Heuristic 273
4.6.2. Pendekatan Algorithmic 273

Bab 5. PELENGKAP YANG PERLU 277

5.1. DATA SECURUTY 277

5.1.1. Legislative 279
5.1.2. Management 280
5.1.3. System Security 283
5.2. ANALISA KEUANGAN 291
5.2.1. Cost and Benefit Analysis 291
5.2.1. Breakeven Analysis 294
5.3. BERINOVASI 295
5.3.1. Keengganan Berinovasi 295
5.3.2. Penyelidikan Kemungkinan Berinovasi 296
5.3.3. Pelaksanaan Inovasi 298
5.3.4. Arah inovasi 303
5.4. ASPEK LAIN 303
5.4.1. Qualitative Approach in Management 304
5.4.2. Analisa dan Desain 304
5.4.3. Aspek Auditing 304

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5.4.4. Aspek Hukum dan Lingkungan 305

Bab 6. PROFESIONALISME 309

Bab 7. PENUTUP 313

DAFTAR PUSTAKA 315

INDEKS 319