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ASSOCIATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

OF THE PHILIPPINES INC.

UPDATES ON CHAPTER 5:
STRUCTURAL STEEL
NSCP 2015 Mark Elson C. Lucio
ASEP Treasurer (2015-2017)
PART 1: ASD Member (Chapter 5 NSCP v1 2015)
NSCP
NationalStructuralCodeofthePhilippines

NSCPhadevolvedfrom:

Edition Year
First 1972
Second 1981
Third 1987
Fourth 1992
Fifth 2001
Sixth 2010
Seventh 2015
AISC
AmericanInstituteofSteelConstruction

AISCSpecificationsandManualshadevolvefrom:
Edition Year
First 1927
Second 1934
Third 1937
Fourth 1941
Fifth 1946
Sixth 1963
Seventh 1970
Eight 1980
Ninth 1989

*Year indicated are first printing versions/revisions


AISC
AmericanInstituteofSteelConstruction

AISCCodeofStandardPracticeforSteelBuildingsandBridges:
Title Year
Code of Standard Practice 1924, 1928, &1934
Code of Standard Practice for Steel Structures Other Than
1937
Bridges
1945, 1952, 1959, 1963, 1970,
Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges
1972, 1976, 1986, 1992 & 2000
AISC 303-05: Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings
2005
and Bridges
AISC 303-10: Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings
2010
and Bridges
AISC
AmericanInstituteofSteelConstruction

AISCSeismicProvisionsforStructuralSteelBuildings:
Title Year
Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings 1990, 1992, 1997,
Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (1997)
1999
Supplement No. 1
Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (1997)
2000
Supplement No. 2
ANSI/AISC 341-02: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
2002
Buildings
ANSI/AISC 341-05: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
2005
Buildings, including Supplement No. 1 dated Nov. 16, 2005
ANSI/AISC 341-10: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
2010
Buildings
NSCP2001,2010and2015
ComparisonsofthepreviousNSCPeditions

ReferencesofNSCP:
2001 2010 2015
AISC Code 1989 AISC 303-05 AISC 303-10
ASCE ANSI A58.1-82 SEI/ASCE 7-02 ASCE/SEI 7-10

OtherReferencesofNSCP:
2001 2010 2015
ANSI/AISC 341-05 Seismic ANSI/AISC 341-10 Seismic
Seismic Provisions for Structural
Provisions for Structural Steel Provisions for Structural Steel
Steel Buildings (1997)
Buildings Buildings
ACI 349-06 Code Requirements
for Nuclear Safety-related
n/a n/a
Concrete Structures and
Commentary
NSCP2001,2010and2015
ComparisonsofthepreviousNSCPeditions

OtherReferencesofNSCP:
2001 2010 2015
ASCE/SFPE 29-99 Standard ASCE/SFPE 29-05 Standard
n/a Calculation Methods for Structural Calculation Methods for Structural
Fire Protection Fire Protection
ASME b18.2.6-96 Fasteners for ASME b18.2.6-06 Fasteners for
n/a
Use in Structural Applications Use in Structural Applications
ASME B46.1-95 Surface Texture, ASME B46.1-02 Surface Texture,
n/a Surface Roughness, Waviness Surface Roughness, Waviness
and Lay and Lay
NSCP2001,2010and2015
ComparisonsofthepreviousNSCPeditions

RevisionsofNSCPManual:
2001 2010 2015
Appendix A3.4BoltsandThreadedParts(NetTensileAreaa)
n/a
9382 0.9382
4 4
511.2.2.3Branches withAxialloadsinKconnections

n/a 0.24 . 0.24 .


1 .
1
0.5 .
1.33 1 .
1
510.8(DesignofConnections)ColumnBasesandBearingonConcrete
n/a 0.60 0.65
2.5 2.31
NSCP2001,2010and2015
ComparisonsofthepreviousNSCPeditions

ComparisonofLoadCombinations(LRFD)
2001 2010 2015
1.4D 1.4(D + F) 1.4(D + F)
1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5Lr 1.2(D + F + T) + 1.6(L + H) + 0.5(Lr or R) 1.2(D + F + T) + 1.6(L + H) + 0.5(Lr or R)
1.2D + 1.6Lr + (f1L or 0.8W) 0.9D + 1.6W + 1.6H 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.5W)
1.2D + 1.3W + f1L + 0.5Lr 0.9D + 1.0E + 1.6H 1.2D + 1.0W + f1L + 0.5(Lr or R)
1.2D + 1.0E + f1L 1.2D + 1.0E + f1L
0.9D (1.0E or 1.3W) 0.9D + 1.0W + 1.6H
0.9D + 1.0E + 1.6H
NSCP2001,2010and2015
ComparisonsofthepreviousNSCPeditions

ComparisonofLoadCombinations(ASD)
2001 2010 2015
D D+F D+F
D + L + Lr D+H+F+L+T D+H+F+L+T
D + [W or (E/1.4)] D + H + F + (Lr or R) D + H + F + (Lr or R)
0.9D (E/1.4) D + H + F + 0.75(Lr or R) D + H + F + 0.75[L + T + (Lr or R)]
D + 0.75[L + Lr + [W or D + H + F + [W or (E/1.4)] D + H + F + [0.6W or (E/1.4)]
(E/1.4)]
ASD
AllowableStrengthDesign

The fundamental requirement of structural design is that the required strength not exceed the
available strength.
RequiredStrengthAvailableStrength

In Allowable Strength Design (ASD), the available strength value is obtained by dividing the
nominal, or theoretical strength by a factor of safety. This can be expressed as:

In AISC 2005, ASD was modified from Allowable Stress Design to Allowable Strength Design.
This minor modification changed the equations from a stress equation to strength (axial force, shear,
and flexure) equation.
ASD
AllowableStrengthDesign

Available strength
Required strength or
where: Allowable strength

Ra = Required Strength (applied loads)


= summation of service loads (demand)
Rn = Rnominal strength
= can be solved using the properties of structural material (crosssectional area,
depth, width, thickness, etc)
Rn / = Allowable Strength
= maximum strength allowed to be applied on a structural material
=factorofsafetytoaccommodateuncertaintiesinmaterialproperties,designtheory,
workmanshipandloading
OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

TENSION Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)




Yielding
0.60 1.67
of Gross Section
. .
.


Fracture
0.50 2.00
of Net Section
. .
.
SampleProblem
TensionMember

A singleangle tension member, an L90 90 10, is connected to a gusset plate with 22


mmdiameter bolts as shown. A36 steel is used. The service loads are 155 kN dead load and
67 kN live load. Investigate this member for compliance with the AISC Specification. Assume
that the effective net area is 85% of the computed net area. Use New ASD *See Section 504 of
NSCP 2015

L90 x 90 x 10
SampleProblem
TensionMember

Solution:
First, compute the nominal strengths.

Gross section: Net section:


Ag = 1713 mm2 (from the Manual) An = 1713 (10)(22 + 3) = 1463 mm2
Ae = 85% (An) = 0.85 (1463)
Pn = FyAg Eqn. 504.2-1 = 1244 mm2
= 250 MPa (1713 mm2)
Pn = FuAe Eqn. 504.2-2
= 428.25 kN
= 400 MPa (1244 mm2)
= 497.60 kN
SampleProblem
TensionMember

a) For the gross section, the allowable strength is

428.25
.
1.67

b) For the net section, the allowable strength is

497.60
.
2.00

The smaller value controls; the allowable strength is 248.80 kN


SampleProblem
TensionMember

Solution:
c) Solve for the required strength, Pa

Pa = D+L = 155 kN + 67 kN = 222 kN

Answer:
Thememberissatisfactorysince222kN <248.80kN
OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

COMPRESSION Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)


(inelastic)


1
2

KL/r Cc (old) 5 3 1.67

or 3 8 8
KL/r 4.71(E/Fy) : 0.658
(new)

.
.

OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

COMPRESSION Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)


(elastic)


KL/r > Cc (old) 12
or
23 1.67
KL/r > 4.71(E/Fy) : 0.877
(new)
.
.
SampleProblem
CompressionMember

A W14 74 of A992 steel has a length of 6.0 m and pinned ends. Compute the allowable
compressive strength for ASD. *See Section 505 of NSCP 2015

Solution:
Slenderness Ratio:

Maximum KL / r 95.25 200 OK!
.


. 4.71 113.4

Since 95.25 < 113.4, it is an inelastic column.


SampleProblem
CompressionMember

Solution:
200000
217.57 MPa Eqn. 505.3-4
95.25


. 0.658 . 345 177.66 Eqn. 505.3-2

TheNominalStrengthis: 177.66 14,064 , . Eqn. 505.3-1

.
The Allowable Stress is: .
. .

.
The Allowable Strength is: , .
.
OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

SHEAR Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)




h/tw 998/(Fy) 0.40
. 0.6

1.50

.
0.40 .
h/tw 998/(Fy) 2.89
.
.
OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

FLEXURE
Laterally Supported Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)
Beams


Compact sections 0.66
1.67
.
.


0.7
0.79 0.000762
Non-compact 2
1.67
sections
. . .

.
*Bending about major axis.
OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

FLEXURE Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)

(Lp<Lb<Lr)
(Lc<Lb<Lu)

Non-compact
sections
0.6 0.7
. 1.67

.
.

*Bending about major axis.


OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

FLEXURE
Laterally Unsupported Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)
Beams
(Lb > Lu)

703270

2
3516330 0.6
3 10550 10 (Lb > Lr)

(Lb > Lu)


1.67

3516330
.
1170 10
0.6
*Bending about major axis.
SampleProblem
FlexureMember

The beam shown is a W16 31 of A992 steel. It supports a reinforced concrete floor slab
that provides continuous lateral support of the compression flange. The service dead load is
6.5 kN/m. This load is superimposed on the beam; it does not include the weight of the
beam itself. The service live load is 8 kN/m. Does this beam have adequate moment
strength?
wD = 6.5 kN/m
w = 6.5 kN/m
wL =D8 kN/m
wL = 8 kN/m

9.0 m
9.0 m
SampleProblem
FlexureMember

Solution:
First, determine the nominal flexural strength. Check for compactness.
.
6.28 . 0.38 9.15 6.28
.

*The beam is COMPACT

Because the beam is compact and laterally supported, the nominal flexural strength is

345 885 103 . Eqn. 506.2-1

Compute the maximum bending moment


1
6.5 0.45 8 9.0 .
8
SampleProblem
FlexureMember

Solution:
Compute the allowable strength

305.33
.
1.67

. .

TheW16x31issatisfactory.
OldASDvs NewASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

COMBINED
AXIAL and Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)
BENDING
0.15
(old) 1.0
1.0 2

(new) . .
0.2

0.15 8
(old) 1.0
1.0 9
0.6
(new) . .
0.2 .
References:
Segui, W. (2007). Steel Design (4th Edition). Toronto, Canada. Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada
Limited
Fisher, J. (Oct. 2005). SPECwise: Dont Stress Out. Modern Steel Construction. Retrieved January 29,
2017 from https://www.aisc.org/globalassets/modern-steel/archives/2005/10
Quimby, B. (2014). ASD vs LRFD. A beginners guide to the Structural Engineering. Retrieved January
29, 2017 from http://www.bgstructuralengineering.com/BGDesign
AISC. Historic Steel Construction Manuals. Retrieved January 27, 2017 from
https://www.aisc.org/publications/historic-steel-construction-manuals/
AISC. Historic Standards. Retrieved January 27, 2017 fromhttps://www.aisc.org/publications/historic-
standards/
(2001). National Structural Code of the Philippines (5th Edition). Quezon City, Philippines. Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
(2010). National Structural Code of the Philippines (6th Edition). Quezon City, Philippines. Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
(2015) National Structural Code of the Philippines (7th Edition). Quezon City, Philippines. Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
Thank
You!

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