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ELASTICITY
1.Two rods of different
materials having
,
coefficients of linear expansion 1 2 and Young's
Y Y
moduli 1 and 2 respectively are fixed between
two rigid massive walls. The rods are heated such (a)Elasticity of wire P is maximum
that they undergo the same increase in (b) Elasticity of wire Q is maximum
temperature. There is no bending of rods. If
1 : 2 2 : 3
(c) Tensile strength of R is maximum
, the thermal stresses developed in the
(d) None of the above is true
Y1 : Y 2
two rods are equally provided is equal to Sol: (d)As stress is shown on x-axis and strain on
y-axis
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 1
1 1
(c) 3 : 2 (d) 4 : 9 Y cot
So we can say that tan slope
Sol: (c)Thermal stress = Y . So elasticity of wire P is minimum and of wire
If thermal stress and rise in temperature are equal then
R is maximum
1 Y1 2 3
Y 5.The stress versus strain graphs for wires of two
2 1 2
Y
Y
2.There are two wires of same material and same materials A and B are as shown in the figure. If A
Y
length while the diameter of second wire is 2 times YB
and are the Young s modulii of the
A materials,
the diameter of first wire, then ratio of extension then
produced in the wires by applying same load will
Stress
be YB 2YA B
(a) 60o
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1
Y A YB 30o
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 4 : 1 (b) O Strain
X
FL 1 YB 3YA
l l 2 (c)
Sol: (d) AY r (F, L and Y
Y A 3YB
are constant) (d)
2
l1 r2
(2)2 4
l2 r1
Sol: (d)
3.Agraph is shown between stress and strain for a Y A tan A tan60 3
metal. The part in which Hooke's law holds good is 3 Y A 3Y B
Y B tan B tan30 1/ 3
6.The load versus elongation graph for four wires
Stress
(b) OC B
Sol: (a) In the region OA, stress
A
strain i.e. Hooke's law hold good (c) OB
226.In the above graph, point B indicat (d) OA O Elongation
(a)Breaking point (b) Limiting point
(c) Yield point (d) None of the above FL 1
l l 2
Sol: (c) Sol: (a) AY r (Y, L and F
4.In the above graph, point D indicates are constant)
(a) Limiting point (b) Yield point i.e. for the same load, thickest wire will show
(c) Breaking point (d) None of the above minimum elongation. So graph D represent the
Sol: (c) thickest wire
228.The strain-stress curves of three wires of 7.The adjacent graph shows the extension (l) of a
different materials are shown in the figure. P, Q wire of length 1m suspended from the top of a roof
and R are the elastic limits of the wires. The figure at one end with a load W connected to the other
shows that 6 2
end. If the cross sectional area of the wire is 10 m ,
calculate the youngs modulus of the material of
P Q
the wire
Strain
O
Stress
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11 2
(a) 2 10 N / m 4 3
l(10 4) m
3 2
11 2
(b) 2 10 N / m Stress (107 N/m2) 2 (d)
O 2 4 6 8 104 1
12 2 Sol: (b) Force constant, K = tan
(c) 3 10 N / m
20 40 60 80 W(N)
2 1013 N / m2 30 = 1 / 3
(d) 11.The diagram shows stress v/s strain curve for
10 the materials A and B. From the curves we infer
Sol: (a) From the graph that
Stress
4
l 10 m, F 20N A
(a) A is brittle but B is ductile
A 106 m2, L 1m (b) A is ductile and B is brittle B
Strain
FL 20 1 (c) Both A and B are ductile
Y 6 20 1010 2 1011N/m2
Al 10 10 4 (d) Both A and B are brittle
8.The graph is drawn between the applied force F
and the strain (x) for a thin uniform wire. The wire Sol: (b) In ductile materials, yield
behaves as a liquid in the part point exist while in Brittle material, failure would
F occur without yielding
(a) ab b 12.Which one of the following is the Youngs
d
(b) bc a modulus (in N/m2) for the wire having the stress-
(c) cd c strain curve shown in the figure
8 11
(d) oa (a) 24 10
O X
x 11
(b) 8.0 10
Sol: (b) At point b,6 yielding of
11
material starts (c) 10 10
9.The graph shows the behaviour of a length of 11
4
wire in the region for which the substance obeys (d) 2.0 10
Hooks law. P and Q represent
2
Sol: (d) Youngs modulus is
Q defined only in elastic region and
Stress 8 107
Y 2 1011 N / m2
P Strain 4 10 4
(a) P = applied force, Q = extension
13.The diagram shows the change x in the length
(b) P = extension, Q = applied force of a thin uniform wire caused by the application of
(c) P = extension, Q = stored elastic energy stress F at two different temperatures T1 and T2.
The variations shown suggest that Strain
(b) 3
30o
1 O
X
X
(c) 2
lc l s 0.5
Also (ii)
(d)Youngs modulus is defined only in elastic
l c 1.25 cm region and
On solving (i) and (ii) and
l s 0.75 cm Stress 8 107
. Y 2 1011 N / m2
Strain 4 10 4
23.Ifthe compressibility of water is per unit 28.Two rods of different
materials having
atmospheric pressure, then the decrease in
,
volume V due to P atmospheric pressure will be coefficients of linear expansion 1 2 and Young's
Y Y
(a) P / V (b) PV moduli 1 and 2 respectively are fixed between
two rigid massive walls. The rods are heated such
(c)
/ PV (d) V / P
that they undergo the same increase in
V/V temperature. There is no bending of rods. If
Sol: (b) Compressibility = P 1 : 2 2 : 3
, the thermal stresses developed in the
V Y :Y
two rods are equally provided 1 2 is equal to
PV V PV (a) 2 : 3 (b)1 : 1
24.Two wires of copper having the length in the (c) 3 : 2 (d) 4 : 9
ratio 4 : 1 and their radii ratio as 1 : 4 are
stretched by the same force. The ratio of (c)Thermal stress = Y .
longitudinal strain in the two will be If thermal stress and rise in temperature
(a) 1 : 16 (b) 16 : 1 1 Y1 2 3
Y
(c) 1 : 64 (d) 64 : 1 are equal then 2 1 2
Y
L FLLUID MECHANICS
F
strain stress
293L/4
.A constant heightof 20cm maintained in the
Stress (107 N/m2)
O 2 4 6 8 104
(b) A
container which contains 5lit of water as shown in
2 2
A2 r2 4 16 2 2
figure. A small orifice of area 10 m is made at
A1 r1 1 1
Ratio of strain = bottom to the vertical wall of container the ejected
25.A uniform 10cube is subjected to volume water is directed as shown in figure. Assuming
compression. If each side is decreased by 1%, mass of container is negligible, the acceleration of
then bulk strain is container
d is
2 2
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.06 A) zero B) 3.7ms C) 0.64ms
(c) 0.02 (d) 0.03 2
3
D) 7ms
(d) If side of the cube is L then V L Ans: C
dV dL
3 Sol: FBP of container:
V L
% change in volume = 3 (% change in
length)
V
0.03
= 3 1% = 3% Bulk strain V
26.The ratio of Young's modulus of the material of N mg F sin F cos f ma
two wires is 2 : 3. If the same stress is applied on
both, then the ratio of elastic 8 energy per unit
f N
volume will be F cos N
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 2 : 3 a
m
(c) 3 : 4 (d) 4 : 3 6
homogeneous solid cylinder of length L (L H / 2)
2
30.A
(stress)
. Cross-sectional area A / 5 is immersed such that it
(a)Energy per unit volume = 2Y 4
floats with its axis vertical at the liquid-liquid
E1 Y2 E1 3
2 interface with length L / 4 in the denser liquid as
E2 Y1
(Stress is constant) E2 2 shown in the fig. The lower density liquid is open to
27.Which one of the following is the Youngs P
modulus (in N/m2) for the wire having the stress- H/2atmosphere having pressure 0 . Then density D of
strain curve shown in the figure solid is given by
H/2
(a) 24 10
11 5
d
11 (a) 4
(b) 8.0 10
4
11 d 2d Strain
(c) 10 10 (b) 5
11
(d) 2.0 10 (c) d
SRI MARUTHI P.U COLLEGE, HOSKOTE TOWN BANGALORE I PUC MECHANICS CET STUDY MATERIAL
av
av AV V
From equation of continuity A
35.A large open tank has two holes in the wall. One 38.A wooden block of volume 1000 cm3 is
is a square hole of side L at a depth y from the top suspended from a spring balance. It weighs 12 N in
and the other is a circular hole of radius R at a air. It is suspended in water such that half of the
depth 4y from the top. When the tank is block is below the surface of water. The reading of
completely filled with water the quantities of water the spring balance is
flowing out per second from both the holes are the (a) 10 N (b) 9 N
same. Then R is equal to (c) 8 N (d) 7 N
L Sol: (d) Reading of the spring
2 L 2 balance
(a) (b)
(c) L (d) = Apparent weight of the block
L
= Actual weight upthrust
2 12 Ving
Sol: (b) Velocity of efflux when the hole is at depth
12 500 106 103 10 12 5 7N.
v 2gh 39.Two different liquids are flowing in two tubes of
h,
equal radius. The ratio of coefficients of viscosity
Rate of flow of water from square hole
of liquids is 52:49 and the ratio of their densities is
Q1 a1v1 L2 2gy 13:1, then the ratio of their critical velocities will
=
be
Rate of flow of water from circular hole
(a) 4 : 49 (b) 49 : 4
Q2 a2v2 R 2 2g(4y) (c) 2 : 7 (d) 7 : 2
=
Q1 Q2
According to problem v NR
r
L Sol: (a) Critical velocity
2 2 R
L 2gy R
2 2g(4y) v1 1 2 52 1 4
36.A tank 5 m high is half filled with water and v2 2 1 49 13 49
.
then is filled to the top with oil of density 0.85 40.Two capillary tubes of same radius r but of
g/cm3. The pressure at the bottom of the tank, due lengths l1 and l2 are fitted in parallel to the bottom
to these liquids is of a vessel. The pressure head is P. What should
(a) 1.85 g/cm2 (b) 89.25 g/cm2 be the length of a single tube that can replace the
(c) 462.5 g/cm2 (d) 500 g/cm2 two tubes so that the rate of flow is same as
Sol: (c) Pressure at the bottom before
g 1 1
P (h1d1 h2d2 )
cm2 (a)
l1 l 2 (b) l1 l2
g l1l 2 1
[250 1 250 0.85] 250[1.85]
cm2 l1 l 2 l1 l 2
(c) (d)
g
462.5 Sol: (c) For parallel combination
cm2
1 1 1
1 and 2 are
37.Two substances of densities Ref R1 R2
mixed in equal volume and the relative density of
mixture is 4. When they are mixed in equal r 4 r 4 r 4 1 1 1 l1l 2
l
masses, the relative density of the mixture is 3. 8l 8l1 8l 2 l l1 l 2 l1 l 2
41.A capillary tube is attached horizontally to a
The values of 1 and 2 are
1 6 and 2 2 (b) 1 3 and 2 5 constant head arrangement. If the radius of the
(a) capillary tube is increased by 10% then the rate of
12
(c) 1
4 (d) None of these
and 2
flow of liquid will change nearly by
(a) + 10% (b) + 46%
Sol: (a) When substances are
mixed in equal volume then density (c) 10% (d) 40%
4
1 2 Pr 4 V2 r2
4 8 V
2 1 2 .......(i) 8l V1 r1
Sol: (b)
When substances are mixed in equal 4
110
2 1 2 V2 V1
3 100 V1(1.1)4 1.4641V
1 2
masses then density
V V2 V1 1.4641V V
2 1 2 3( 1 2 ) 0.46 or 46%
.......(ii) V V V .
1 6 2 2
By solving (i) and (ii) we get and
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42.Two stretched membranes of area 2 cm2 and 3 (c) 0.8 sec1 (d) 0.08 sec1
2
cm are placed in a liquid at the same depth. The dv 8
ratio of pressures on them is 80s1
Sol: (b) dx 0.1
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 3
46.Under a constant pressure head, the rate of
(c) 3 : 2 (d) 22 : 32
flow of liquid through a capillary tube is V. If the
Sol: (a) Pressure is independent length of the capillary is doubled and the diameter
of area of cross section of the bore is halved, the rate of flow would
267.A piston of cross-section area 100 cm2 is used become
in a hydraulic press to exert a force of 10 7 dynes (a) V / 4 (b) 16 V
on the water. The cross-sectional area of the other (c) V / 8 (d) V / 32
piston which supports an object having a mass Sol: (d) Rate of flow under a
2000 kg. is constant pressure head,
(a) 100 cm2 (b) 109cm2 4 4
pr4 r4 V2 r2 l1 1 1
(c) 2 104cm2 (d) 2 1010cm2 V V
8l l V1 r1 l2 2 2
F1 F2
P1 P2
A1 A2 V1 V
Sol: (c) V2
32 32
107 2000 103 103 47.A vertical U-tube of uniform inner cross section
102 A2 contains mercury in both sides of its arms. A
Block
Glycerine
Oil
block is h
(a) 10.4 cm 10 cm
(b) 8.2 cm
(a) 706 g
(c) 7.2 cm
(b) 607 g Mercury
(d) 9.6 cm
(c) 760 g
(d)
(d) 670 g
Glycerine
Oil h
10 cm
10h
Sol: (c) Weight of block A B
= Weight of displaced oil + Weight of
Mercury
displaced water
mg V1 0g V2W g At the condition of equilibrium
Pressure at point A = Pressure at point B
m (10 10 6) 0.6 (10 10 4) 1 = 760 gm PA PB
10 1.3 g h 0.8 g (10 h) 13.6 g
44.If W be the weight of a body of density in By solving we get h = 9.7 cm
vacuum then its apparent weight in air of density
48.A solid sphere of density ( > 1) times lighter
is
than water is suspended in a water tank by a
string tied to its base as shown in fig. If the mass
W W 1 of the sphere is m then the tension in the string is
(a) (b)
given by
W 1
W 1 mg
(c)
(d)
(a)
v1 = 3 m/s W A V 2/ 3
2/ 3
W2 V2
(2)2/3
W1 V1 W2 (4)1/3W
(a) 3.0 m/s (b) 54.Surface tension of soap solution is 2 10 -2 N/m.
1.5 m/s The work done in producing a soap bubble of
radius 2 cm is
(c) 1.0 m/s (d) 2.25 m/s
6 6
(a) 64 10 J (b) 32 10 J
(c)If the liquid is incompressible then mass of 6 6
liquid entering through left end, should be equal to (c) 16 10 J (d) 8 10 J
mass of liquid coming out from the right end.
Sol: (a) W 8R2T
M m1 m2 Av1 Av2 1.5A . v
8 (2 102)2 2 102 64 106 J
A 3 A 1.5 1.5A . v v 1 m/ s
55.Excess pressure inside a soap bubble is three
51.In making an alloy, a substance of specific times that of the other bubble, then the ratio of
their volumes will be
s1 m1
gravity and mass
is mixed with another (a) 1 : 3 (b) 1 : 9
s m (c) 1 : 27 (d) 1 : 81
substance of specific gravity 2 and mass 2 ; then
the specific gravity of the alloy is
1 P1 r2 r 3
P 2
Sol: (c) r P2 r1 r1 1
m1 m2 s1s2
s s m m V1 r1
3
1
3
1
(a) 1 2 (b) 1 2
V2 r2 3 27
m1 m2 m1 m2
56.When a capillary tube is dipped in water it rises
m1 m2 s1 s2
upto 8 cm in the tube. What happens when the
s1 s2
(c) (d) m1 m2 tube is pushed down such that its end is only 5 cm
Densityof alloy above the outside water level
(c) Specific gravity of alloy Densityof water (a) The radius of the meniscus increases and
therefore water does not overflow
Massof alloy
(b) The radius of the meniscus decreases and
Volumeof alloy density
of water
therefore water does not overflow
m1 m2
m1 m2 m m2 (c) The water forms a droplet on top of the tube
m1 m2 1
m m m m
w but does not overflow
1 2 1
2
1 2 1 / w 2 / w s1 s2
(d) The water start overflowing
density
of substance
As specificgravityof substance 2T 2T
density
of water h hR constant
SURFACE TENSION Sol: (a) Rdg dg
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P
4T 4 30
300dyne/ cm2 1.0 x 103 Nm 1 grows from a radius of 1.0 x
Sol: (b) r 0.4
. 105 m to 1.0 x 104 m in 6s. The average rate of
58.The height upto which water will rise in a
capillary tube will be change of the pressure inside the bubble is
(a) Maximum when water temperature is 4C
(b) Maximum when water temperature is 0C a) 2x107 Nm -2 s 1 b) 3x107 Nm -2 s 1
(c) Minimum when water temperature is 4C
c) 4x107 Nm -2 s 1 d) 6x107 Nm-2 s 1
(d) Same at all temperatures
2T cos Ans: b
h Sol: Change in internal pressure = 2T
Sol: (c) rdg . For water, density is maximum
1 1 -3 1 1
2x10 5 4
o o
at 4 C , so the height is minimum at 4 C
r2 r1 10 10
59.Water rises to a height of 10 cm in capillary
tube and mercury falls to a depth of 3.112 cm in
= 180 N / m2
the same capillary tube. If the density of mercury
is 13.6 and the angle of contact for mercury is P 180
6 7 -2 1
135, the ratio of surface tension of water and So t = 6x10 = 3x10 Nm s
mercury is (a) 1 : 0.15 (b) 1 : 3 63.A 10 cm long wire is placed horizontally on the
(c) 1 : 6 (d) 1.5 : 1 surface of water and is gently pulled up with a
2T cos hrdg
force of 2 10-2 N to keep the wire in equilibrium.
h T The surface tension, in Nm-1, of water is
Sol: (c) rdg 2cos
R2 n2 / 3r 2 1 1 1
nr2
nr 2
= n
1/ 3
(1000)1/ 3 10 Water
(a) 13.11 gm/cc (b) 26.22 gm/cc 83. Heat required to convert one gram of ice at
0C into steam at 100C is (given Lsteam = 536
(c) 52.11 gm/cc (d) None of these
cal/gm)
3
(a) 0(1 . ) 13.6[1 0.18 10 (473 273)] (a) 100 calorie (b) 0.01 kilocalorie
(Q1 = mLi)
(c) 716 calorie (d) 1 kilocalorie
13.6[1 0.036] 13.11gm/ cc
.
79. The real coefficient of volume expansion of (c)Conversion of ice (0C) into steam (100C) is as
glycerine is 0.000597 perC and linear coefficient follows
of expansion of glass is 0.000009 perC. Then the
apparent volume coefficient of expansion of
glycerine is
(a) 0.000558 perC (b) 0.00057 perC
(Q3 = mcW)
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 2 : 3
(c) 1 : 1 (d) 4 : 3
AcA BcB
mix
cA cB
Q1 Q2 Q3 (c)Temperature of mixture
(Q2 = mLf)
Heat required in the given process
32 cA 24 cB
1 80 1 1 (100 0) 1 536 716cal 28
cA cB
84. 80 gm of water at 30C are poured on a large Steam at 100C
block of ice at 0C. The mass of ice that melts is cA 1
28cA 28cB 32cA 24cB
cB 1 (Q4 = mLV)
(a) 30 gm (b) 80 gm
88. A beaker contains 200 gm of water. The heat
(c) 1600 gm (d) 150 gm
capacity of the beaker is equal to that of 20 gm of
water. The initial temperature of water in the
(a)If m gm ice melts then
beaker is 20C. If 440 gm of hot water at 92C is
Heat lost = Heat gain
poured in it, the final temperature (neglecting
80 1 (30 0) m 80 m 30gm radiation loss) will be nearest to
(a) 58C (b) 68C
85. Work done in converting one gram of ice at (c) 73C (d) 78C
10C into steam at 100C is (b)Heat lost by hot water = Heat gained by cold
water in beaker + Heat absorbed by beaker
(a) 3045 J (b) 6056 J
(c) 721 J (d) 616 J 440(92 ) 200 ( 20) 20 ( 20)
(a)Ice (10C) converts into steam as follows 68C
(ci = Specific heat of ice, cW = Specific heat of
water) 89. A body of mass 5 kg falls from a height of 30
metre. If its all mechanical energy is changed into
heat, then heat produced will be
(a) 350 cal (b) 150 cal
(c) 60 cal (d) 6 cal
(a) W JQ mgh J Q
mgh 5 9.8 30
Q 350cal
J 4.2
92. 1 g of a steam at 100C melt how much ice at area of cross-section and same thermal resistance
0C? (Latent heat of ice = 80 cal/gm and latent will have the lengths in the ratio
heat of steam = 540 cal/gm) (a) 4 : 5 (b) 9 : 1
(a) 1 gm(b)2 gm (c)4 gm(d)8 gm (c) 1 : 9 (d) 5 : 4
(d)Suppose m gm ice melted, then heat required K1 5
mL m 80cal A1 A2 K2 4
for its melting (d)Given and
Heat available with steam for being condensed l1 l l1 K1 5
2 .
and then brought to 0C R1 R2 K1A K 2 A l2 K 2 4
1 540 1 1 (100 0) 640cal
Heat lost = Heat taken 96. Two vessels of different materials are similar in
m 8 gm
640 m 80 size in every respect. The same quantity of ice
Short trick: You can remember that amount of filled in them gets melted in 20 minutes and 30
steam (m') at 100C required to melt m gm ice at minutes. The ratio of their thermal conductivities
m will be
m'
0C is 8 . (a) 1.5 (b) 1
m 8 m' 8 1 8 gm (c) 2/3 (d) 4
Here,
93. The heat is flowing through two cylindrical rods
KA( 1 2 )t
of same material. The diameters of the rods are in Q ;
l ( )
the ratio 1 : 2 and their lengths are in the ratio 2 : (a) in both the cases , A, l and 1 2
1. If the temperature difference between their K1 t1 30 3
ends is the same, the ratio of rate of flow of heat K 2 t2 20 2
are same so Kt = constant = 1.5.
through them will be 97. The thickness of a metallic plate is 0.4 cm. The
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 o
temperature between its two surfaces is 20 C . The
(c) 1 : 4 (d) 1 : 8
quantity of heat flowing per second is 50 calories
Q KA Q A d2
2
from 5cm area. In CGS system, the coefficient of
(d) t l t l l (d = Diameter of rod)
thermal conductivity will be
2 2
(Q / t)1 d1 (a) 0.4 (b) 0.6
2
l 1 1 1
(Q / t)2 d2 l1 2 2
8 (c) 0.2 (d) 0.5
94. Two identical square rods of metal are welded Q KA( ) 5 20 K 1
50 K 0.2
end to end as shown in figure (i), 20 calories of (c) t l 0.4 5
heat flows through it in 4 minutes. If the rods are
welded as shown in figure (ii), the same amount of 98. A slab consists of two parallel layers of copper
heat will flow through the rods in and brass of the same thickness and having
0oC
thermal conductivities in the ratio 1 : 4. If the free
100oC
o o
0oC100oC
face of brass is at 100 C and that of copper at 0 C ,
(ii)
(i) the temperature of interface is
(a) 1 minute (b) 2 minutes (a) 80C (b) 20C
(c) 60C (d) 40C
(c) 4 minutes (d) 16 minutes
K 1 1 K 2 2
Q KA
K1 K 2
(l / KA) R (a)Temperature of interface =
(a) t l (R = Thermal resistance)
K1 1
(
t R ( Q and are same) K2 4
If K1 = K then K2 = 4K)
tP RP R / 2 1 tS 4 K 0 4K 100
tP 1 min.
tS RS 2R 4 4 4 5K
= 80C
RS R1 R2 99. The temperature gradient in a rod of 0.5 m
(Series resistance and parallel resistance o
long is 80 C / m. If the temperature of hotter end of
R1R2
RP o
R1 R2 the rod is 30 C , then the temperature of the cooler
end is
95. The ratio of thermal conductivity of two rods of
o o
different material is 5 : 4. The two rods of same (a) 40 C (b) 10 C
SRI MARUTHI P.U COLLEGE, HOSKOTE TOWN BANGALORE I PUC MECHANICS CET STUDY MATERIAL
o
(c) 10 C
o
(d) 0 C Q
t r12 l2 4 2 8
1 2 30 2 1
80 80 2 10o C Q r22 l1 9 1 9
l 0.5
(b) t 2
K A A( 1 ) K B A( 2 )
A B
K
3K 0oC 100oC l l
100 o
C 3K B ( 1 ) K B ( 2) KA KB
o cm
(a) 502 1C cm
(b) 3
3( 1 ) ( 2 )
200 o
C
o
(c) 60 C (d) 3 3 1 3 2 4 1 4 1 2
(c)Temperature of interface
4( 1 ) ( 1 2 )
K l K 2 2l1 K 0 2 3K 100 1
1 12
K 1l 2 K 2l1 K 2 3K 1 4( 1 ) 20 ( ) 5C
1
300K 105.The ratio of the coefficient of thermal
5K = 60C conductivity of two different materials is 5 : 3. If
102. The lengths and radii of two rods made of the thermal resistance of the rod of same
same material are in the ratios 1 : 2 and 2 : 3 thickness resistance of the rods of same thickness
respectively. If the temperature difference of these materials is same, then the ratio of the
between the ends for the two rods be the same, length of these rods will be
then in the steady (a) 3 : 5 (b) 5 : 3
state, the amount of heat flowing per second (c) 3 : 4 (d) 3 : 2
through them will be in the ratio (b)Thermal resistances are same
(a) 1: 3 (b) 4 : 3 l1 l l1 l
2 2
(c) 8 : 9 (d) 3 : 2 K 1 A1 K 2 A2 K 1 K 2 ( A1 A2 )
l1 K 1 5
Q KA(1 2) Q A r2 l2 K 2 3
(c) t l t l l
106.If wavelengths of maximum intensity of
( 1 2 ) radiations emitted by the sun and the moon are
[As and K are constants]
0.5 106 m and 104 m respectively, the ratio of their
temperatures is
SRI MARUTHI P.U COLLEGE, HOSKOTE TOWN BANGALORE I PUC MECHANICS CET STUDY MATERIAL
(c) 90 seconds (d) 50 seconds 120. If the ratio of specific heat of a gas at
constant pressure to that at constant volume is ,
80 60 80 60 1 the change in internal energy of a mass of gas,
K 30 K
(d) 1 2 2 when the volume changes from V to 2V constant
60 50 1 60 50
pressure p, is
30
Again t 2 2 t 0.8 60 48 sec. (a) R /( 1) (b) pV
(c) pV /( 1) (d) pV /( 1)
R
116.The temperature of a body falls from 50o C to U CV T n T
(c) 1
40o C in 10 minutes. If the temperature of the
PV P(2V V) PV
U
surroundings is 20o C Then temperature of the body ( 1) 1 ( 1)
after another 10 minutes will be 121.In an isothermal reversible expansion, if the
(a) 36.6 C o
(b) 33.3 C o volume of 96 gm of oxygen at 27C is increased
from 70 litres to 140 litres, then the work done by
(c) 35o C (d) 30o C the gas will be
50 40
K
50 40
20
(a) 300R log10 2 (b) 81R loge 2
10 2
(b)In first case .(i) (c) 900R log10 2 (d) 2.3 900R log10 2
40 2 40 2
K 20 V2
10 2
W RT loge
In second case .(ii) (d) V1
o
By solving 2 33.3 C . m V m V
RT loge 2 2.3 RT log10 2
9.Thermo Dynamics M V1 M V1
117. If the amount of heat given to a system be 35 96 140
2.3 R (273 27)log10 2.3 900R log10 2
joules and the amount of work done by the 32 70
system be 15 joules, then the change in the 122.540 calories of heat convert 1 cubic
o
internal energy of the system is centimeter of water at 100 C into 1671 cubic
o
(a) 50 joules (b) 20 joules centimeter of steam at 100 C at a pressure of one
atmosphere. Then the work done against the
(c) 30 joules (d) 50 joules
atmospheric pressure is nearly
(d) Q W U 35 15 U U 50J (a) 540 cal (b) 40 cal
(c) Zero cal (d) 500 cal
118. In a thermodynamic process, pressure of a
fixed mass of a gas is changed in such a manner (b)Amount of heat given 540calories
that the gas molecules gives out 20 J of heat and Change in volume V 1670c.c
10 J of work is done on the gas. If the initial Atmospheric pressure P 1.01 10 dyne/ cm
6 2
internal energy of the gas was 40 J, then the final Work done against atmospheric pressure
internal energy will be
1.01 106 1670
(a) 30 J (b) 20 J 40 cal
W PV 4.2 107
(c) 60 J (d) 40 J 123. The volume of an ideal gas is 1 litre and its
pressure is equal to 72cm of mercury column. The
(c) Q U W (U f Ui ) W
volume of gas is made 900 cm3 by compressing it
30 (U f 40) 10 U f 60J isothermally. The stress of the gas will be
119. One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is (a) 8 cm (mercury) (b) 7 cm (mercury)
heated at a constant pressure of one atmosphere (c) 6 cm (mercury) (d) 4 cm (mercury)
from 0o C to 100o C . Then the change in the internal (a)For isothermal process P1V1 P2V2
energy is P1V1 72 1000
P2
(a) 6.56 joules (b) 8.32 102 joules V2 900 =80 cm
2
(c) 12.48 10 joules (d) 20.80 joules Stress P P2 P1 80 72 8cm
(c)Change in internal energy is always equal to the 124. The pressure in the tyre of a car is four times
heat supplied at constant volume. the atmospheric pressure at 300 K. If this tyre
suddenly bursts, its new temperature will be
i.e. U (Q)V CV T. ( 1.4)
3 0.4 / 1.4
CV R 1
For monoatomic gas 2 1.4 / 0.4 300
(a) 300(4) (b) 4
3 3
U R T 1 8.31 (100 0) 0.4 / 1.4 0.4 / 1.4
2 2 (c) 300(2) (d) 300(4)
12.48 102 J
SRI MARUTHI P.U COLLEGE, HOSKOTE TOWN BANGALORE I PUC MECHANICS CET STUDY MATERIAL
T o
129. At 27 C a gas is suddenly compressed such
(d)For adiabatic process P 1 constant 1
1 (1 1.4)
th
that its pressure becomes 8 of original pressure.
T2 P1
T2 4 1.4
0.4
T1 P2
300 1 T2 300(4)
1.4 Temperature of the gas will be ( 5 / 3)
o
125. A gas at NTP is suddenly compressed to one- (a) 420K (b) 327 C
fourth of its original volume. If is supposed to (c) 300K (d) 142o C
3
1
be 2 , then the final pressure is (d) T P 1 constant T P
3 1 5 / 31
(a) 4 atmosphere (b) 2 atmosphere T2 P2 1 5/ 3
1 T1 P1 8
(c) 8 atmosphere (d) 4 atmosphere 0.4
1
3/ 2 T2 300 131K 142C
P2 V1 P2 V1 8
PV constant
8
(c) P1 V2 1 V1 / 4 130. An ideal gas at a pressures of 1 atmosphere
P2 8 atm. and temperature of 27o C is compressed
adiabatically until its pressure becomes 8 times
126. One gm mol of a diatomic gas ( 1.4) is
compressed adiabatically so that its temperature the initial pressure, then the final temperature is (
o o = 3/2)
rises from 27 C to 127 C . The work done will be
o o
(a) 2077.5 joules (b) 207.5 joules (a) 627 C (b) 527 C
(c) 207.5 ergs (d) None of the above o
(c) 427 C
o
(d) 327 C
R 1
W (T1 T2) T2 P2
3 / 21
(a) 1 (8) 3/ 2
2
8.31 {(273 27) (273 127)} (d)Using relation T1 P1 .
2077.5 joules
1.4 1 T2 2T1 T2 2(273 27) 600K 327C
P2 V1
V
P2 P1 1 P0(8)4 / 3 16P0. 131. A gas for which 1.5 is suddenly compressed
P V
(b) 1 2 V2 1
to 4 th of the initial volume. Then the ratio of the
127. An ideal gas is expanded adiabatically at an
final to the initial pressure is
initial temperature of 300 K so that its volume is
(a) 1 : 16 (b) 1 : 8
doubled. The final temperature of the hydrogen
(c) 1 : 4 (d) 8 : 1
gas is ( 1.40) 3/ 2
P2 V1 4 8
(a) 227.36 K (b) 500.30 K
P V
(d) 1 1 P2 2 P1
V V2 1 1
o
(c) 454.76 K (d) 47 C
132. One mole of an ideal gas with 1.4 , is
T2 V1 V adiabatically compressed so that its temperature
T2 T1 1
(a) TV 1 constant T1 V2 V2 rises from 27C to 35C. The change in the
0.4 internal energy of the gas is (R 8.3 J /mol.K )
1
T2 300 227.36 K (a) 166 J (b) 166 J
2
(c) 168 J (d) 168 J
128. Two moles of an ideal monoatomic gas at
(b)Change in internal energy of the gas
27o C occupies a volume of V. If the gas is R
expanded adiabatically to the volume 2V, then the
U W T2 T1 8.3 [308 300] 166J
1 (1.4 1)
work done by the gas will be [ 5 / 3, R 8.31J / molK ]
(a) 2767.23J (b) 2767.23J 133.In an isochoric process if T1 27o C and
(c) 2500J (d) 2500J o
T2 127 C, then P1 / P2 will be equal to
R(T1 T2) RT1 T2 (a) 9 / 59 (b) 2 / 3
W 1
(b) ( 1) ( 1) T1 (c) 3 / 4 (d) None of these
P1 T1 P1 300 3
RT1
1
V
1 1
( 1) V2 (d)At constant volume P T 2 2 2 400 4
P T P
5
1 134. A Carnot engine working between 300K and
2 8.31 300 1 3
1
600K has work output of 800 J per cycle. What is
5 2
1 amount of heat energy supplied to the engine
3 2767.23 J
from source per cycle
(a) 1800 J/cycle (b) 1000 J/cycle
SRI MARUTHI P.U COLLEGE, HOSKOTE TOWN BANGALORE I PUC MECHANICS CET STUDY MATERIAL
1 mN 2 1 5.3 1026 3.0 1022 respectively. On joining the vessels, the gas
P vrms 3
(400)2 8.48 104 N/m2 reaches a common
3 V 3 10 .
pressure P and common temperature T. The ratio
144. A gas at 27C has a volume V and pressure P. P/T is equal to
On heating its
pressure is doubled and volume becomes three
times. The resulting
Initially
temperature of the gas will be P1 T1 P2 T2
V V
(a)1800C(b)162C(c)1527C(d)600C
Solution:(c)From ideal gas equation PV RT Finally
P T P T
T2 P2 V2 2P1 3V1
6 V V
we get T1 P1 V1 P1 V1
CA
(a)1 : 1(b) 3 : 1 (c) 8 : 7 (d) 6 : 7
the rms speed, then the ratio C B will be equal to
vN2 M O2 32 8
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 0.5 3RT
vrms v M N2 28 7
3RT Solution : (c) M O2
vrms
Solution : (a)As M 155. A vessel is partitioned in two equal halves by
a fixed diathermic
CA TA / TB
42 separator. Two different ideal gases are filled in left
CB MA /MB
(L) and right (R)
TA M halves. The rms speed of the molecules in L part is
As 4 A given
TB MB equal to the
151. The root mean square speed of hydrogen mean speed of molecules in the R part. Then the
molecules at 300 K is ratio of the mass of
1930 m/s. Then the root mean square speed of
a molecule in L part to that of a molecule in R part
oxygen molecules at
is
900 K will be
1930
m/ s
(a) 1930 3 m/ s (b)836 m/s(c)643 m/s(d) 3 3
3RT (a) 2
vrms L R
Solution : (b) M (b) / 4
vH 2 TH 2 M O2 (c) 2 / 3
vO2 M H2 TO2
(d) 3 / 8
1930 300 32
vO2 2 900
Solution :(d)Root means square velocity of
1930 3 molecule in
vO2 836m/s
4 . 3KT
vrms
152. The speeds of 5 molecules of a gas (in left part mL
arbitrary units) are as
Mean or average speed of molecule in
follows : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The root mean square speed
for these 8 KT
vav
molecules is right part mR
(a)2.91 (b) 3.52 (c) 4.00 (d) 4.24
Solution:(d) 3KT 8 KT
According to problem mL mR
v12 v22 v32 v42 v52 22 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2
vrms
5 5 3 8 mL 3
100 mL mR mR 8 .
20 4.24
5
153. Gas at a pressure P0 in contained as a vessel. 156. At which of the following temperature would
If the masses of the molecules of a
all the molecules are halved and their speeds are gas have twice the average kinetic energy they
doubled, the have at 20C
resulting pressure P will be equal to
[MP PET 1992;
P0 BVP 2003]
4P 2P P
(a) 0 (b) 0 (c) 0 (d) 2 (a)40C(b)80C(c)313C(d)586C
1 mN 2 Solution : (c) E T
P vrms
Solution : (b) 3 V
E 2 T2 2E1 T2
2
P mvrms E1 T1 E1 (20 273)
2 2
P2 m2 v2 m / 2 2v1 T2 293 2 586K 313C .
1 2
so P1 m1 v1 m1 v1
157. At constant temperature on increasing the
P2 2P1 2P0 pressure of a gas by
154.The ratio of rms speeds of the gases in the 5% will decrease its volume by
mixture of nitrogen (a)5%(b)5.26%(c)4.26%(d)4.76%
oxygen will be
SRI MARUTHI P.U COLLEGE, HOSKOTE TOWN BANGALORE I PUC MECHANICS CET STUDY MATERIAL
3 3 23 kg
Or number of molecule in 22.4 10 cm 6.023 10 1.3
3 3 Density of gas m3 , Atomic pressure
[As 22.4 litre 22.4 10 cm ]
N
6.023 1023 P 1.01 105
1cm 3 m2
Number of molecules in 22400 .
P
vsound
Substituting these value in we
165. Two gases occupy two containers A and B the
gas in A, of get 1.41
3
volume 0.10m , exerts a pressure of 1.40 MPa and 1
2
f
2
2
5.
that in B of Now from f we get 1 1.4 1
3
volume 0.15m exerts a pressure 0.7 MPa. The two 168. The mean free path of nitrogen molecules at
containers are a pressure of 1.0
united by a tube of negligible volume and the
gases are allowed to atm and temperature 0C is 0.8 107 m . If the
intermingle. Then it the temperature remains number of density
constant, the final of molecules is
pressure in the container will be (in MPa) 2.7 1025 perm3 , then the molecular diameter is
(a)0.70(b)0.98(c)1.40(d)2.10
Solution : (b)As the quantity of gas remains (a) 3.2nm(b) 3.2 (c) 3.2m (d) 2.3mm
constant A B Solution : (b)Mean free path 0.8 107 m
PA VA PB VB P(VA VB ) number of
RT RT RT 25
molecules per unit volume n 2.7 10 per m3
PA VA PB VB 1.4 0.1 0.7 0.15
P 1
VA VB 0.1 0.15
Substituting these value in 2nd2
P 0.98 MPa .
19
we get d 1.04 10 3.2 1010 m 3.2
166. CO2(O C O) is a triatomic gas. Mean kinetic
energy R
0.67
of one gram gas will be (If N-Avogadro's number, 169. For a gas Cv . This gas is made up of
molecules which
k-Boltzmann's
are
constant and molecular weight of CO 2 44 ) (a)Diatomic(b)Mixture of diatomic and polyatomic
molecules
(a) 3 / 88NkT (b) 5 / 88NkT
(c)Monoatomic (d)Polyatomic
(c) 6 / 88NkT (d) 7 / 88NkT R
Cv
Solution : (d)Mean kinetic energy for mole gas Solution :(c)By comparing with relation 1
171. For a gas the difference between the two Specific heat at constant volume
specific heats is 4150 r 466.7
J/kg K. What is the specific heats at constant cv
1 4 J
volume of gas if the 1 1400
3 kg.kelvin
ratio of specific heat is 1.4
4
(a)8475 J/kg - K (b) 5186 J/kg - K 3 for polyatomicgas
(c)1660 J/kg - K (d) 10375 J/kg - K
173.22 gm of CO2 at 27C is mixed with 16 gm of
Solution : (d)Given c p cv 4150 ..(i)
cp O2 at 37C.
1.4
and cv cp 1.4cv ..(ii) The temperature of the mixture is
(a)32C(b)27C(c)37C(d)30.5C
By substituting the value of cp in equation (i)
Solution : (a)Let t is the temperature of mixture
we get 1.4cv cv 4150 0.4cv 4150
Heat gained by CO 2 = Heat lost by O2
4150
cv 10375J /kg- K 1Cv1 T1 2C v2 T2
0.4 .
172.The density of a polyatomic gas is standard 22 16 5
conditions is 0.795 (3R)(t 27) R (37 t)
44 32 2
kgm3 . The specific heat of the gas at constant
5
volume is 3(t 27) (37 t)
2
1 1 1 1
(a) 930 J -kg K (b) 1400 J - kg K By solving we get t 32C .
1 1 1 1
(c) 1120 J - kg K (d) 925 J - kg K
Solution : (b)Ideal gas equation for m gram gas
PV mrT [where r = Specific gas constant]
m
P rT rT
or V
5
P 1.013 10
r 466.7
T 0.795 273