Estandar de Shell PDF

4 EG-3 Approved Apr 90
Welded Steel Atmospheric Storage Tanks
Engineering Guides and General Specifications
4 EG-3
Table of Contents
1. General ...................................... 3 4.10 Liquid Level Gauge And Float

1.1 Scope...............................................3 Well ................................................16
1.2 Reference Standards.......................3 4.11 Temperature Measurement...........16
1.3 Tank Calibration Tables...................5 4.12 Vents .............................................17
4.13 Tank Mixers...................................17
2. Mechanical Design ................... 5 4.14 Swing Lines, Submerged Fill
2.1 General ............................................5 Lines, & Bottom Connections.........17
2.2 Bottom Design .................................7 4.15 Tank Heaters.................................18
2.3 Shell Design.....................................7 4.16 Stairways And Ladders..................18
2.4 Roof Design .....................................8 4.17 Platforms And Handrails ...............19
4.18 Foam Chambers ...........................19
3. Materials .................................. 11 4.19 Painting .........................................20
3.1 General ..........................................11 4.20 Internal Linings ..............................20
4. Appurtenances........................ 11 Table 1 - Tank Connections and
4.1 General ..........................................11 Appurtenances ........................ 22
4.2 Manways........................................11
4.3 Nozzles ..........................................11 Table 2 - Foam Chamber
4.4 Threaded Connections ..................12 Schedule .................................. 24
4.5 Water Drawoff................................12
4.6 Floating Roof Drains ......................13 Table 3 - Shell Plate Thickness
4.7 Floating Roof Seals .......................13
Calculations ............................. 25
4.8 Scaffold Cable Anchor ...................14
4.9 Gauge Hatches..............................15
Data Sheets
4E3S1 API Standard 650 Storage Tank Data Sheets - Sheet 1 of 3
Drawings:
Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 1 of 25

4E3D1 Grounding Cable for Floating Roof Tanks

4E3D2 Water Drawoff for Storage Tanks
4E3D3 Design of Gauge Hatch Seal Pipe for Blanketed Fixed Roof Tanks
4E3D4 Typical Bottom Suction Sump Design
4E3D5 Typical Installation Slotted Gauge Pipe with Float Seal
4E3D6 Typical Automatic Gauge on Floating Roof Tank
4E3D7 Typical Automatic Gauge on Cone Roof Tank
4E3D8 Float Seal for 8 Inch Slotted Gauge Pipe
4E3D9 Bayonet Tank Heaters
4E3D10 Installation Details for Bayonet Tank Heaters

1. General
1.1 Scope
This Engineering Guide is intended to assist Shell and/or contractor engineers in

the basic design, procurement, and fabrication of welded steel atmospheric
storage tanks for Shell refineries, chemical plants, pipeline locations, marketing
plants and distribution terminals, and related facilities. It is intended to provide
Shell and/or contractor engineers with an understanding of Shell's current
engineering practices in tank design and to allow for choice in design and
selection of storage tanks consistent with the Design Class Concept. It is
intended that the Shell and/or contractor engineer use this Engineering Guide to
develop class specific General Specifications for a project.
Generally, storage tanks for all pipeline locations, marketing terminals and
marketing distribution plants and for offsite refinery and offsite chemical plant
locations are considered to be Class IV equipment, i.e., designed for long life
and low maintenance. Onsite storage tanks in refinery and chemical process
units should be the same Design Class as the process unit. Thus, most storage
tanks in Shell are designed as Class IV equipment. Consequently, this
Engineering Guide is basically written for Class IV equipment. Modifications
which could be considered for other than Class IV equipment are discussed
following the requirements for Class IV equipment. This Guide also provides
some explanation of Shell practices. Some items are not discussed because they
do not change regardless of Class Design or because no further explanation of
the item is necessary.
1.2 Reference Standards
1.2.1 This Engineering Guide is based on industry consensus standards.

Therefore, the latest editions and revisions of the following references
are part of this guide where they are applicable.
API STD 650 Welded Steel Storage Tanks for Oil Storage
API STD 2000 Venting Atmospheric and Low Pressure
Storage Tanks
API PUBL 2517 Evaporation Loss from External Floating
Roof Tanks
API Manual Petroleum Measurement Standards - Chapter
2, Tank Calibration
ANSI A58.1 Minimum Design Loads on Buildings and
Other Structures
NFPA 11 Foam Extinguishing Systems

NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

UL-142 Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and
Combustible Liquids
1.2.2 Other Shell Engineering Guides and General Specifications references

include the following:
4 EG-1 Tank Farm Design
4 EG-2 Selection of Storage Tanks
4 EG-4 Tank Bottom Selection
4 GS-31 External Floating Roof API 650 Storage Tanks
4 GS-32 Field Erected Fixed Roof API 650 Storage Tanks
4 GS-33 Shop Fabricated Fixed Roof API 650 Storage
Tanks
4 GS-34 Shop Fabricated Fixed Roof UL-142 Storage Tanks
4 GS-35 Field Erected Open Top API 650 Storage Tanks
4 GS-40 Concrete Slabs for Storage Tanks
4 GS-41 Tank Foundation Liners
4 GS-42 Double Steel Tank Bottoms
4 EG-80 Aluminum Pontoon Type Internal Floating Roofs
4 GS-81 Aluminum Pontoon Type Internal Floating Roof -
Minimum Cost Installation
4 GS-82 Aluminum Pontoon Type Internal Floating Roof -
Long Life Design
19 EG-1 Painting
19 GS-1 Field Painting
19 GS-2 Shop Priming - Inorganic Zinc
19 GS-10 Thin Film Lining
27 EG-1 Cathodic Protection
29 EG-20 Static Measurement Methods - General
29 GS-20 Static Measurement Methods - General
29 EG-30 Tank Calibration

1.3 Tank Calibration Tables
1.3.1 In general, tank gauging tables, in accordance with 29 EG-30 and API
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards - Chapter 2, should be
supplied with each tank. Tables shall be made from critical
measurements, or other methods approved by Shell, with supplemental
notation of 1/8" increment factors. Tables shall be corrected for
expansion due to liquid head.
COMMENT: Atmospheric storage tanks are often used for either
custody transfer measurement or for secondary, i.e., backup or check
measurement. Accurate measurement tables are necessary for this
purpose. The Measurement and Loss Control Department should be
consulted before waiving the requirement that tank calibration tables
be supplied with the tank.
2. Mechanical Design
2.1 General
2.1.1 Atmospheric storage tanks should be designed in accordance with API

Standard 650 and its applicable appendices with modifications as
outlined in this Engineering Guide, the applicable General
Specifications, or as required by local regulations.
COMMENT: With Shell approval, some small shop fabricated
vertical storage tanks for Class I facilities may be built to UL-142,
except that UL-142 shall not be used for tanks which require double
steel bottoms.
2.1.2 API Tank Data Sheets, 4E3S1, (Appendix L of API 650) should be
filled out for each tank listing the specific gravity, the corrosion
allowance, the operating temperature, and any other pertinent data
required to allow the tank manufacturer to determine the required
thickness of the major tank components. The type of bottom required
(e.g. concrete slab, foundation liner, double bottom) must be specified
as a note on the data sheets. See 4 EG-4, Tank Bottom Selection.
2.1.3 Generally, corrosion allowances for tanks should be specified by the
Shell Materials Specialist in the Materials Selection Report. If no
report is prepared, the corrosion allowance should be established by
the Shell Materials Specialist.
2.1.4 Any specified corrosion allowance should be added to the tank
components in the following manner:
1. To the calculated thickness for each shell course and self-
supporting roof plates.

2. To the minimum nominal thickness specified for the bottom plates

and for supported roof plates.
3. To the minimum nominal wall thickness specified for nozzles and
manways.
4. To web thickness of structural type roof support members and to
the wall thickness of pipe type roof support members.
2.1.5 The design metal temperature should be the lowest one-day mean
ambient temperature for the locality where the tanks are to be erected,
plus 15F. Isothermal lines of lowest one-day mean temperatures are
shown in Figure 2-1 of API 650.
2.1.6 Tanks designed for operating temperature above 200F should be
designed in accordance with Appendix M of API 650.
2.1.7 Shop fabricated tanks should be designed in accordance with Appendix
J of API 650. For Class I equipment, UL-142 may be used as the
design basis for shop fabricated tanks with prior Shell approval, except
that UL-142 shall not be used for tanks requiring double steel bottoms.
COMMENT: Appendix J permits shop fabrication of tanks with
diameters up to 20 feet. However, unless barge shipment of shop
fabricated tanks to the job site is possible, the maximum diameter tank
that can be shop fabricated and routinely shipped over the highways
or railroads is about 12.5 feet because of width and underpass
clearance limitations. In some parts of the country, the maximum
diameter of tank that can be shipped by highway or railroad may be
increased to 14 feet with special shipping permits. Shell's Land
Transportation Department or the tank manufacturer's shipping
department should be consulted about shipping requirements for any
proposed shop fabricated tank larger than 12.5 feet in diameter.
COMMENT: The scope of UL-142 restricts its use to shop fabricated
aboveground tanks, storing non-corrosive, stable liquids only, which
have specific gravity not exceeding that of water. The liquids may be
flammable and combustible at pressures between atmospheric and 0.5
psig. UL-142 does not require ASTM materials, qualified welding
procedures or welders, or any nondestructive testing. Use of tanks
fabricated to UL-142 for Shell projects should be limited and shall not
be used for tanks requiring double steel bottoms.
2.1.8 Wind, snow, and rainfall loadings should be in accordance with ANSI
A58.1 for a 100-year mean recurrence interval except that minimum
loadings are wind - 100 mph and rainfall - 10" in 24 hours. Seismic
design of storage tanks shall be in accordance with Appendix E of API
650.
COMMENT: Tanks designed for Class I facilities can ignore the
minimum loadings as specified above and use ANSI A58.1 loadings for
the 100-year mean recurrence interval.

2.1.9 A nameplate per Figure 8-1 of API 650 should be attached to each tank
and a manufacturer's certification letter per Figure 8-2 of API 650 shall
be furnished for each tank.
2.1.10 Appendix A tanks with a minimum joint efficiency of 0.85 are
acceptable if they are more cost effective than a basic tank.
COMMENT: For Class I equipment, a joint efficiency of 0.70 may be
used for Appendix A tanks.
2.2 Bottom Design
2.2.1 Selection of the type of tank bottom consistent with groundwater

protection requirements is the most fundamental decision. The options
and selection criteria are covered in 4 EG-4, Tank Bottom Selection. 4
GS-42 covers requirements for double steel bottoms. The following
requirements apply to single bottom tanks:
2.2.1.1 The minimum nominal bottom plate thickness shall be 1/4
inch.
2.2.1.2 Tank bottom plates shall be lap welded with a 1 inch
minimum overlap and two weld passes minimum, unless a
butt welded joint is specified or unless Appendix J applies.
If a butt welded joint is specified, it should be made using a
backing strip per Paragraph 3.1.5.4 of API 650 and a
minimum of two weld passes.
2.2.1.3 Normally, the tank bottom should be coned-up to the center
with a slope of 1 inch per 10 feet. Where large settlement is
anticipated, the initial cone-up slope shall be increased to
allow for settlement such that the bottom will remain cone-
up for a minimum of 10 years. Small tanks may have a flat
bottom or be sloped all in one direction to a side outlet.
Cone- down bottoms require specific Shell approval.
2.2.1.4 On lap welded bottoms, the lapped plates shall provide a
shingle effect such that the product drains in a downward
direction with no pockets at the overlap weld to trap the
product.
2.2.2 Cathodic protection for tanks installed on sand pads (with or without
ring walls) is required unless specifically waived by Shell.
2.3 Shell Design
2.3.1 Shell plate thicknesses for tanks should be calculated in accordance

with the design requirements of API 650, except that the minimum
nominal bottom shell course thickness should be 1/4 inch for tanks
over 10.5 feet in diameter.

COMMENT: The requirement that the bottom shell course thickness

be 1/4 inch minimum should be reconsidered for less than Class IV
equipment and for Appendix J tanks 10.5 feet in diameter and smaller.
The API 650 minimum allowable nominal thickness of 3/16 inch for
basic tanks less than 50 feet in diameter and Appendix J tanks 10.5
feet and smaller in diameter should be acceptable in most cases.
2.3.2 All tanks should have a top angle, turned outward.
2.3.3 The wind girder on floating roof and open top tanks should be located
3.5 feet below the top angle. When the wind girder is specified to be
designed as a walkway, it should conform to the requirements of
Paragraph 3.9.4 of API 650.
2.3.6 External floating roof and open top tanks which are to be calibrated
volumetrically by the Optical Reference Line Method should have slots
cut in the wind girder in accordance with the procedures for Optical
Reference Line Method in Chapter 2 of the API Manual of Petroleum
Measurement Standards.
2.4 Roof Design
2.4.1 Fixed roofs should be designed in accordance with API 650. External
floating roofs should be designed in accordance with Appendix C of
API 650. Internal floating roofs should be designed in accordance with
Appendix H of API 650. Aluminum pontoon type internal floating
roofs should be designed and installed per 4 EG-80 and 4 GS-81 or
4 GS-82.
COMMENT: Fixed roof tanks with aluminum pontoon type internal
floating roofs which have been designed and installed in accordance
with Appendix H and 4 GS-81 or 4 GS-82 do not meet the NFPA 30
definition of a fixed roof tank with an approved internal floating roof
with respect to special spacing requirements that are permitted in
NFPA 30 for fixed roof tanks with approved internal floating roofs.
2.4.2 Fixed roof tanks should be provided with a frangible joint between the
top angle and the roof plates in accordance with API 650. Where a
frangible joint is not possible, emergency vents in accordance with
Paragraph 3.10.2.5 of API 650 shall be provided. If an internal
pressure is specified, the roof-to-shell junction should be designed in
accordance with Appendix F of API 650.
COMMENT: The roof-to-top angle joints of dome and umbrella type
fixed roof tanks do not meet the API requirements for frangible joints.
2.4.3 Roof plates for lap welded fixed and floating roofs should have a 1
inch minimum overlap and a 2 inch maximum overlap.
2.4.4 Roofs which are to be internally coated should be seal welded on the
inside and outside or should be double butt welded with full
penetration and fusion except for the roof-to-top angle joint on fixed

cone roof tanks which should be single fillet welded on the outside
only to retain the frangible joint feature.
2.4.5 Fixed roofs on tanks 20 feet and smaller in diameter should be self-
supporting.
2.4.6 Roof columns may be made from either pipe or structural shapes
except for tanks which are to be equipped with internal floating roofs.
Pipe type roof columns are required for internal floating roof tanks.
COMMENT: Pipe type roof columns should be used with internal
floating roofs because of the difficulty in obtaining effective seals
around structural shape columns where the structural shape columns
penetrate the internal floating roof.
2.4.7 For external floating roof tanks, either double deck or low deck annular
pontoon type floating roofs are acceptable unless otherwise specified.
Double deck roofs should be specified if insulation of the roof is
required on hot tanks.
COMMENT: Double deck roofs are stronger, more stable, and less
prone to sinking than low deck annular pontoon type roofs. However,
except for very small tanks, double deck roofs are considerably more
expensive than low deck annular pontoon type floating roofs.
COMMENT: The annular pontoon type floating roof is very difficult
to insulate because it is difficult to prevent pools of standing water on
the annular pontoon type roof because of its inherent flexibility of the
deck plates. With double deck roofs, insulation can be placed between
the decks and kept from contact with rainwater.
2.4.8 Floating roof leg supports should have two settings: a minimum
setting specified by the manufacturer and a maximum setting of six
feet. The two settings should be adjustable to allow for uneven tank
bottom settling. The floating roof may be notched for side entry tank
mixer clearance when necessary to decrease the minimum leg setting.
COMMENT: The maximum leg setting is to allow for adequate
working room under the roof for tank bottom inspection and repair
and coating when the tank is out of service and the roof is resting on
its legs. The low leg setting should be as low as possible to provide the
maximum working capacity of the tank without having to set the roof
on its legs.
2.4.9 Floating roof tanks should be equipped with at least one anti-rotation
device (generally an 8 inch nominal diameter pipe) which shall be
adaptable for gauging purposes (see 4.9.4). Floating roof tanks over
200 feet in diameter should have two anti-rotation devices located
approximately 180 degrees apart. The second anti-rotation device does
not have to be adaptable for gauging purposes. A flexible seal should
be installed around the opening where the anti-rotation device goes
through the roof.

2.4.10 Floating roof pontoons should be compartmented by internal

bulkheads. Each bulkhead shall also be provided with a continuous
single fillet weld across the top of the bulkhead to make each
compartment liquid and vapor tight.
2.4.11 Air quality control regulations require that the top of the secondary
seal on the floating roof remain below the top edge of the shell when
the floating roof is at maximum operating liquid level. This may be
done by restricting the maximum operating liquid level in the tank to
some height below the design liquid level or by adding a windskirt (or
top-shell extension) to the shell above the design liquid level.
If a windskirt is used, the shell of the tank should be designed for a
product level up to the normal position of the top angle (i.e., bottom of
the windskirt) with overflow drainage openings or alarm devices used
to indicate liquid level rise above the design liquid level. Alarm
devices are preferred over overflow drainage openings to indicate the
rise of the liquid level above the design liquid level. If used, overflow
drainage openings may require vapor diaphragms or covers which will
permit the liquid level to overflow but will prohibit the vapor from
escaping the tank in order to avoid violating air quality control
regulations.
The windskirt shall be of sufficient height to fully contain the top of
the secondary seal when the roof is floating at maximum liquid level.
2.4.12 External floating roofs over 200 feet in diameter should be equipped
with foam dams. Foam dams shall be designed in accordance with
NFPA 11.
COMMENT: Some floating roof tanks under 200 feet in diameter may
require foam dams, depending on the product contained. The Shell
Safety Specialist should be consulted to determine if floating roof tanks
under 200 feet in diameter storing flammable or highly combustible
products require foam dams.
2.4.13 The floating roof shall be grounded to the shell by stainless steel
shunts. The shunts should be installed above the secondary seal with a
maximum spacing of 32 feet and a minimum of four shunts per roof.
No shunts shall be installed in the vapor space between the primary
and secondary seals on flexible foam log type primary seals. On
mechanical shoe type primary seals, shunts shall not be installed in the
vapor space between the primary and secondary seals if the tank
manufacturer's design electrically isolates the hanger mechanism
between the shell and the roof.
2.4.14 On an external floating roof tank, the rolling stairway should be
bonded to both the floating roof and the shell by 2/0 flexible welding
cable in accordance with drawing 4E3D1.

3. Materials
3.1 General
Unless otherwise specified in the Materials Selection Report, the tank

manufacturer should be left free to select any material listed in API 650 that is
appropriate for the design temperature, toughness and thickness.
4. Appurtenances
4.1 General
A checklist of appurtenances which may be installed on a tank is shown in

Table 1.
4.2 Manways
4.2.1 Shell manways and fixed roof manways should be a minimum of 24" in
diameter. Floating roof deck manways should be a minimum of 30" in
diameter.
COMMENT: Smaller shell and roof manways, but not less than 20
inches in diameter, may be considered for Class I equipment
4.2.2 The number of manways should depend upon the size of the tank and
the requirements for access and venting during tank cleaning. Shell
manways should be located to provide cross-ventilation when clean-out
doors and manways are opened. Table 1 shows the recommended
relationships between tank size and the number of roof and shell
manways.
4.2.3 The roof manway in fixed roof tanks 20 feet and under in diameter
should be placed in the center of the roof and be reinforced with a 1/4
inch thick by 48 inch outside diameter plate. The manway may be
used for a scaffold cable anchor.
4.3 Nozzles
4.3.1 Connections 2 inches in nominal diameter and larger should be

flanged. Slip-on and welding neck flanges 24 inches in diameter and
smaller should be standard raised face ANSI Class 150 in accordance
with ANSI B16.5. Flanges 30 inches in diameter and larger should be
Class 150 in accordance with API 605.

COMMENT: The flange facing dimensions listed in Table 3-10 of API

650 for flanges 30 inches in diameter and larger correspond to the
flange facing dimensions for ANSI Class 125 cast iron flanges. ANSI
Class 125 cast iron flange dimensions are the same as Class 150 in
MSS SP-44. The tank designer needs to verify that when he uses
flanges 30 inches in diameter and larger, the mating flange on the
connecting pipe or valve will mate with his tank flange dimensionally.
COMMENT: There are minimum nozzle sizes for internal lining
application. The tank designer should review the proposed internal
lining system with the Shell Coating Specialist to determine the
minimum required nozzle size.
4.3.2 Nozzle sizes 2-1/2 inch, 3-1/2 inch and 5 inch should not be used.
4.3.3 Shell nozzles should be located at the distance from the bottom of the
tank to the center of the nozzle defined as "Low Type" in API 650
except for the water drawoff.
4.3.4 The size and number of suction and fill nozzles should be based upon
the economics of the location and the maximum rate of filling or
emptying. Unless otherwise specified, the inlet nozzle should be sized
such that the velocity of the inlet stream is limited to a maximum of 13
feet per second.
4.4 Threaded Connections
4.4.1 Threaded connections may be used for sample connections,

thermowells, and other small diameter appurtenances which are
connected directly to the tank.
4.4.2 Threaded connections should be 3000# couplings and should not be
less than 3/4 inch NPS nor larger than 1-1/2 inch NPS.
4.4.3 Threaded connections should not be installed in tanks in corrosive
service (defined as requiring more than a nominal 1/16 inch corrosion
allowance), in insulated tanks or in tanks that require a thin film lining.
A flanged nozzle with a tapped companion or reducing flange should
be specified if a threaded connection is desired in these circumstances.
4.5 Water Drawoff
4.5.1 When specified, a water drawoff should be provided in accordance

with Drawing 4E3D2.
COMMENT: The API drawoff sump per Figure 3-15 of API 650 is
also acceptable except for tanks to be internally lined.

4.6 Floating Roof Drains
4.6.1 The minimum size primary drain should be 3 inch diameter for floating
roof tanks up to 120 feet in diameter, 4 inch diameter for tanks more
than 120 feet in diameter but less than 200 feet in diameter, and 6 inch
diameter for tanks 200 feet in diameter and greater.
COMMENT: On large diameter floating roof tanks, water often pools
around the rolling ladder track and will not drain naturally to the
center sump. Careful review of the tank manufacturer's roof and drain
design is required by the purchaser. Consideration should be given to
installing a secondary drain in the area of the rolling ladder track to
prevent pooling of water.
4.6.2 Primary roof drains may be either pipe type with flexible joints or the
hose type. Hose type drains should use heavy duty hoses such as
Coflexip or Mesa's Armor-Clad. For less than Class IV equipment, a
lighter duty hose may be considered but must be compatible with the
stored product.
4.6.3 Hose type drains should be designed for a minimum external working
pressure of 25 psi and should have a negative buoyancy in water with
uniform weight per foot throughout. When recommended by the hose
manufacturer, hose protectors of the tripod type shall be welded to the
tank bottom near all roof legs where the hose could lay.
4.7 Floating Roof Seals
4.7.1 All external floating roofs shall be equipped with a double seal system
between the roof and the tank shell. The double seal system shall
consist of a primary seal and a rim mounted secondary seal. The
primary seal may be either the mechanical shoe type or a resilient foam
log type seal in contact with the tank liquid.
COMMENT: Mechanical shoe type seals generally cost more initially,
but last longer and require less maintenance than a flexible foam log
seal. However, when maintenance is required on a shoe seal, the tank
generally has to be taken out of service to repair the shoe type seal.
Flexible foam log seals generally cost less and have a shorter life.
However, with appropriate safety precautions, repair and replacement
of the flexible foam log seals can generally be done with the tank in
service if local practice permits.
COMMENT: Mechanical shoe type seals should be used for floating
roof tanks operating above 150F. Flexible foam log seals should be
used for floating roof tanks which have an internal shell lining because
flexible foam log seals are less abrasive against the shell wall than
mechanical shoe type seals.
COMMENT: API Publication 2517 contains a discussion of the
various types of floating roof seals.

4.7.2 Galvanized steel shoes shall not be used in contact with aviation fuels
or jet fuels.
COMMENT: Zinc pickup from the galvanizing by aviation fuels or jet
fuels can affect aircraft engine performance.
4.7.3 Sheet steel used for mechanical shoe type primary seals and
compression plate type secondary seals should be 16 gauge minimum.
Stainless steel plate with stainless steel attachment accessories should
be used for mechanical shoe type seals. For less than Class IV
equipment, galvanized steel plate and attachment accessories may be
used except for aviation fuels or jet fuels.
4.7.4 Materials for the flexible foam log seal must be compatible with the
product stored. A typical general service material for the coated fabric
seal envelope is a polyurethane coated nylon or dacron fabric with a
total minimum weight of 30 oz/sq. yd. and a minimum gauge of 0.036
inches, such as Mesa Rubber's Mesathane 6036.35F, Reeves Brothers'
Style 7657, or approved equal. A typical general service material for
the foam log core is uncored flexible polyurethane foam with a
minimum density of 1.1 lbs/cu. ft., such as Mesa Rubber's Mesafoam
1220, Reeves Brothers' Curon 1115, or approved equal. Other
materials may be required. Final seal material selection should be
reviewed with the Shell Non-Metallic Materials Specialist.
COMMENT: Most tank manufacturers have their own standard
flexible foam log seal design. The tank manufacturer's materials for
his standard design should be reviewed with the Shell Non-Metallic
Materials Specialist. Equivalent materials should be accepted.
4.7.5 Burn out ports are not required in the secondary seals which use metal
compression plates as part of the secondary seal design.
COMMENT: Burn out ports are fabric covered openings in the
compression plates of secondary seals. The openings are used for ease
of getting a foam hose nozzle into the vapor space between the primary
and secondary seals in the event of a rim fire. However, the problem
of maintaining the fabric seals against deterioration over time and the
risk of air entering through the burn out ports and sustaining a seal
fire outweigh this advantage.
4.8 Scaffold Cable Anchor
An API standard scaffold cable anchor should be provided on each fixed roof
tank, except that on tanks 20 feet in diameter and less a center roof manway can
serve as the scaffold cable anchor.

4.9 Gauge Hatches
4.9.1 Gauge hatches should be a minimum of 8 inch nominal pipe diameter,

self-closing and non- sparking. The gauge hatch on the gauging well
shall have a built-in tape gauge marker and should have a manual hold
open feature.
4.9.2 One gauge hatch should be positioned to be (1) accessible from the
gauger's platform or ladder, (2) at an orientation which is remote from
appurtenances such as tank inlet or tank mixers which generate
turbulence, and (3) at least 18 inches from the tank shell.
4.9.3 Crude oil storage tanks should be provided with four additional gauge
hatches. Three gauge hatches should be equally spaced around the
tank and located at least 18 inches from the tank shell. The fourth
gauge hatch should be located near the center of the tank. The
additional gauge hatches are useful in monitoring basic sediment
buildup on the tank bottom.
4.9.4 On floating roof tanks, the pipe type anti- rotation device located at the
gauger's platform should serve as a gauging well by flanging a gauge
hatch to the top of the anti-rotation device and slotting the anti-rotation
device full length from a point one foot from the bottom of the pipe to
a point one foot below the maximum liquid level height of the tank as
shown in Drawing 4E3D5.
COMMENT: Atmospheric pressure fixed roof tanks normally do not
require float wells for the gauging operations. If required due to
unusual turbulence, the guideline for slotted gauging wells in floating
roof tanks applies.
COMMENT: Tank manufacturers often have standard designs for this
assembly which are acceptable and are thus preferred from a cost
standpoint.
4.9.5 The slotted gauging well per 4.9.4 may require a float seal system to
minimize vapor releases and to comply with governing air quality
control regulations. An example float seal is shown in Drawing
4E3D8.
4.9.6 On fixed roof tanks that are gas-blanketed, the gauge hatch should be
flanged connected to the 8 inch gauge pipe and a roof level manometer
should be installed to indicate blanket pressure. The gauge pipe should
be supported from the tank shell and should extend from 1 foot above
the tank floor to 8 inches above the tank roof in accordance with
Drawing 4E3D3.
4.9.7 A datum plate should be attached to the shell six inches above the
bottom and directly under the gauge hatch and the reference point (see
4.9.9) to provide a fixed contact surface from which liquid depth
measurement can be made. When a combination anti-rotation
device/gauging well is required on a floating roof tank, the datum plate

should be installed under the gauging well as shown in Drawing

4E3D5. Striking plates should be provided beneath the other gauge
hatches.
4.9.8 On bottom suction tanks, an extra gauge hatch should be provided over
the sump, and a datum plate should be provided in the sump. If the
sump is near the tank shell, the datum plate may be attached to the
shell.
4.9.9 A weather resistant nameplate with the notation "Tank Number ___
Reference Gauge Height is ___ Feet ___-_/8 Inches" shall be
permanently attached at the gauger's platform (e.g., on the gauger's
platform handrail or gauge hatch). The reference gauge height which
appears on this nameplate is defined as the distance between the datum
plate or tank bottom and the manual gauge reference point (tape gauge
marker on gauge hatch) and is determined during the field
measurement phase of tank calibration. The reference gauge height is
verified as part of all manual gauging operations.
4.10 Liquid Level Gauge And Float Well
4.10.1 A ground level reading, vapor tight, automatic liquid level gauge
should be installed on all tanks. Drawings 4E3D6 and 4E3D7 show
typical automatic ground level reading liquid level gauge installations
for floating roof tanks and fixed roof tanks respectively.
4.10.2 The roof mounted components for this gauge should be adjacent to a
roof gauge hatch or roof manway and be accessible for maintenance.
The float assembly should be located away from any turbulence-
producing appurtenances.
4.10.3 A float well per Drawing 4E3D6 is required for the liquid level gauge
on floating roof tanks. The float well should be slotted below the
bottom of the lower roof deck plate and should have a guard across the
bottom to retain the float. The bottom of the float well should be 6
inches off the tank bottom when the floating roof is at its low leg
position.
4.11 Temperature Measurement
4.11.1 All tanks in custody transfer service, and other tanks as specified,
should have temperature measurement capabilities. The temperature
can be obtained with either a fixed position sensor or a mid-point
sensor mounted on a floating swing arm.
4.11.2 The tank design should include facilities to check the temperature
sensors during normal operations. For fixed and mid-point temperature
sensors this will require either an adjacent check thermowell or an
operator accessible gauge hatch directly over the sensor to permit the
placement of a check sensor near the operational temperature sensor.

4.11.3 A grounding lug should be provided at the gauging platform for

grounding a portable electronic thermometer.
4.12 Vents
4.12.1 Roof vapor vents for both normal and emergency venting requirements
shall be sized by the tank manufacturer in accordance with API Std
2000, "Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks". For
unanchored tanks, the emergency vent shall be sized so as not to cause
uplifting of the tank shell due to internal pressure during venting.
4.12.2 Roof vapor vents for fixed roof tanks with internal floating roofs
should also conform to the requirements of Appendix H of API Std
650.
4.12.3 Emergency vents shall be installed on fixed roof tanks except for tanks
furnished with frangible roof-to-top angle joints installed in accordance
with API 650.
4.12.4 Flame arrestors shall not be installed on pressure/vacuum vents unless
specified by the Shell Safety Specialist.
4.13 Tank Mixers
4.13.1 Normally, side entry mixers should be installed on all active crude oil
storage tanks.
4.13.2 A dedicated manway or nozzle connection should be provided for each
mixer.
4.14 Swing Lines, Submerged Fill Lines, & Bottom Connections
4.14.1 Swing lines are required when suction is to be taken at an intermediate

or upper level of the tank contents. Floating-type swing lines are
normally preferred.
COMMENT: Most tank manufacturers have a standard floating-type
swing line design. Each manufacturer's design should be carefully
reviewed by Shell for acceptability.
4.14.2 Submerged fill lines shall be used in tanks containing hydrocarbons
with vapor pressure of 1.5 psia or greater at actual operating
conditions. The designer shall check the state air pollution regulations
of the area in which the tank is to be located for that area's definition of
"submerged fill line".
COMMENT: In some areas of California the minimum vapor pressure
which requires submerged fill lines is less than 1.5 psia.
4.14.3 Bottom suction connections should be considered where operating
conditions require the complete emptying of the tank or for maximum

working volume in large tanks. Typical bottom suction sump details

are shown in Drawing 4E3D4.
4.15 Tank Heaters
4.15.1 Tank heaters are generally used with high viscosity materials in order
to maintain the storage temperature of the material so that the viscosity
is just low enough for an economical pumping operation or with
materials such as wax or water in order to maintain the storage
temperature a certain number of degrees above the freezing point.
4.15.2 Finned bayonet heaters and pipe coil heaters are used for tank heating.
The choice of type of tank heater should be reviewed with a Shell Heat
Transfer Specialist.
4.15.3 Finned bayonet heaters per Drawings 4E3D9 and 4E3D10 are
generally the preferred type of tank heater. They perform well even in
difficult services such as asphalt, residue, wax, and sulfur.
COMMENT: Bayonet heaters in Class IV equipment should be
specified with the flanged type connection (shown as alternate
installation on Drawing 4E3D10) as this design allows for removal of
the bayonet heater from the tank without having to enter the tank.
4.15.4 Pipe coil heaters are also acceptable. They are often used in services
that require small heat input. When used with a steam heat medium,
the pipe coil should be designed to drain to the outlet with no high or
low point pockets where carbon dioxide corrosion can occur.
COMMENT: Pipe coil heaters have generally been a maintenance
problem. They are hard to install without high and/or low spots which
tend to cause corrosion problems in steam service. They are difficult
to install in floating roof tanks which have many roof support legs.
They are an inconvenience in a tank when making bottom repairs or
installing coatings.
4.16 Stairways And Ladders
4.16.1 Stairways should be circumferential on fixed roof tanks and can be

either circumferential or radial on floating roof tanks.
COMMENT: API 650 permits either grating or patterned nonslip
plate to be used for stairway treads. The general specifications for
field erected tanks specify patterned nonslip plate for stairway tread
because it is generally less expensive and is easier to weld against the
tank shell when no inside stringer is used. However, consideration
should be given to specifying grating in cold weather locations subject
to snow and icing conditions.
4.16.2 Circumferential stairways on insulated tanks should have a stringer
between the stairs and the shell. An inside stringer should also be used

if the Optical Reference Line Method is to be used to calibrate the

tank.
4.16.3 Vertical ladders may be used on fixed roof tanks 20 feet in height and
less. With Shell approval, vertical ladders with cages may be used on
fixed roof tanks up to 30 feet in height.
4.16.4 Floating roof ladders should be the rolling type with either fixed or
self-leveling tread, minimum 28 inches in width and with a 34 inch
high handrail.
4.17 Platforms And Handrails
4.17.1 A gauger's platform should be provided at the top of all floating roof
tanks. The platform should be located on the upwind side of the gauge
hatch and high enough to remain clear of product in case of overflow.
COMMENT: API 650 permits either grating or patterned nonslip
plate to be used for the platform floor. Either type floor is acceptable
to Shell. However, consideration should be given to specifying grating
in cold weather locations subject to snow and icing conditions.
4.17.2 A gauger's platform is not required on fixed roof tanks unless one of
the following conditions exist.
1. The roof slope exceeds 1 in 12.
2. The radius of the umbrella roof is less than 1.2 times the nominal
diameter.
3. Snow or icing conditions are expected.
4. Severe corrosion of the roof and structural members is expected.
4.17.3 Handrails shall be provided around the gauger's platform on floating
roof tanks and adjacent portions of wind girders where it is necessary
to maintain access to equipment.
4.17.4 Handrails shall be provided around the gauger's platform on fixed roof
tanks and shall extend from the stairway or ladder a distance of six feet
in each direction around the periphery.
4.17.5 Handrails shall be installed on the periphery of fixed roof tanks to
protect any normally used walkway area within 6 feet of the tank edge.
Handrails shall extend at least 6 feet beyond any tank roof work area.
4.18 Foam Chambers
4.18.1 Permanently attached foam systems, as shown in Table 2, are required

on cone roof tanks where normal storage temperature is above the flash
point of the contained products and one of the following conditions
exist:

1. Erection of portable foam towers would not be feasible because of

topography or inaccessibility due to proximity of adjacent
facilities.
2. The tank contains crude or similar low flash products with boil-
over characteristics.
4.18.2 With the above exceptions, fire protection for all other atmospheric
storage tanks, including floating roof tanks, will consist of portable
mechanical foam towers. Permanent foam facilities will not be
required.
4.19 Painting
4.19.1 Applicable painting specifications are normally referenced on the Tank

Data Sheets.
4.20 Internal Linings
4.20.1 Applicable internal lining specifications are normally referenced on the

Tank Data Sheets.
4.20.2 When internal linings are required, the linings are normally done by
others. However, the tank manufacturer must generally do some
grinding of the internal welds to prepare the weld surfaces for the
lining. Grinding of welds is expensive. The amount of the expense is
dependent on the degree of weld preparation required for the particular
lining system to be installed.
Because of the expense associated with weld preparation for internal
thin linings, the Shell Coating Specialist should be consulted so that
the correct weld preparation is specified. Over specification of the
weld surface preparation is not cost effective.
4.20.3 In order of increasing costs the weld preparation for butt welds are as
follows:
1. Grind smooth.
2. Grind smooth and blend (normally the minimum requirement for
thin linings).
3. Grind flush with imperfections remaining.
4. Grind flush with imperfections removed.
4.20.4 In order of increasing costs the weld preparation for fillet welds are as
follows:
1. Top edge rounded, rough projections removed (often may have
sharp corner at toe of fillet weld).

2. Edges rounded and blended, imperfections and ripples remain

(normally the minimum requirement for thin linings).
3. Edges rounded and blended with imperfections and ripples
removed

Table 1 - Tank Connections and Appurtenances
This table provides a checklist from which connections and appurtenances may be selected for a tank, as
well as a guide to the minimum requirements for each item as specified, all subject to the conditions
outlined in the applicable paragraphs of 4 EG-3.
TANK TANK MIN. MIN.
DESCRIPTION DIAMETER HEIGHT NO. SIZE LOCATION REFERENCE
Inlet nozzle All All 1 2" To suit 4.3.1. to 4.3.4.
Outlet nozzle All All 1 2" To suit 4.3.1. to 4.3.4.
Thermowell All All 1 1" To suit 4.4.1. to 4.4.3.

Connection
Water draw off All All 1 2" To suit 4.5.
Fixed roof 20' and under All 1 24" Center of roof 4.2.1.& 5.4.3.
manhole
Fixed roof Over 20' to 60' All 1 24" Over water drawoff 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
manhole
Fixed roof Over 60' to All 2 24" 1 over water 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
manhole 120' drawoff1 opposite
Fixed roof Over 120' All 4 24" 1 over water 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
manhole drawoff 3 equally
spaced
Floating roof To 60' All 1 30" Near center of roof 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
manhole
Floating roof Over 60' to All 2 30" 1 near center of 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
manhole 120' roof, 1 to suit
Floating roof Over 120' All 4 30" 1 near center of 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
manhole roof 3 equally
spaced
Shell manhole 20' and under All 1 24" To suit 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
Shell manhole Over 20' to 60' All 1 24" Opposite water 4.2.1 to 4.2.2
drawoff
Shell manhole Over 60' to All 2 24" 1 opposite water 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
120' drawoff 1 to suit
Shell manhole Over 120' All 4 24" 1 opposite water 4.2.1. to 4.2.2.
draw-off 3 equally
spaced

TANK TANK MIN. MIN.

DESCRIPTION DIAMETER HEIGHT NO. SIZE LOCATION REFERENCE
Roof vents in fixed 20 and under All 1 3" Center of roof 4.12.1. to
roof tanks manhole cover 4.12.4.
Roof vent in fixed Over 20' All As As 10' from roof edge 4.12.1. to
roof tanks Reqd Reqd 4.12.4.
Roof gauging and All All 1 8" Adjacent to 4.9.1. to 4.9.9.

sampling stairway hatch
Scaffold anchor 20' and under 12' and 1 - Use roof manway 4.8.
over
Scaffold anchor Over 20' 12' and 1 - Center of roof 4.8.

over
Vertical ladder All 30' and 1 - To suit 4.16.3

under
Stairway All All 1 - To suit 4.16.1. to

4.16.2.
Roof edge All All As - As Reqd 4.17.3. to

guardrails Reqd 4.17.5.
Level gauge All All 1 - To suit 4.10.1. to

5.10.3.
Floating roof drain Under 120' All 1 3" Center of roof 4.6.1. to 4.6.3.
Floating roof drain Over 120' to All 1 4" Center of roof 4.6.1. to 4.6.3.
200'
Floating roof drain Over 200' All 1 6" Center of roof 4.6.1. to 4.6.3

Table 2 - Foam Chamber Schedule
TANK DIAMETER OUTLET TYPE* NUMBER OF CHAMBER TYPE**

CHAMBERS
10' 11 1 MCS-9
15' 11 1 MCS-9
20' 11 1 MCS-17
25' 11 1 MCS-17
30' 11 1 MCS-17
35' 11 1 MCS-17
40' 11 1 MCS-17
45' 11 1 MCS-17
50' 11 1 MCS-33
60' 11 1 MCS-33
70' 1 2 MCS-33
80' 1 2 MCS-33
90' 1 2 MCS-33
100' 1 2 MCS-55
120' 1 3 MCS-33
140' 1 3 MCS-55
160' 1 4 MCS-55
180' 1 5 MCS-55
200' 1 5 MCS-55
NOTES * Foam trough required for type 1 outlets.
:
** National Foam System model numbers are used for identification only, other
suppliers chambers are also acceptable

Table 3 - Shell Plate Thickness Calculations
TANK TYPE: EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

TANK SIZE: 90 - 6 DIA. X 48 HIGH
WIND LOAD: 100 MPH
SEISMIC ZONE: 4
SPECIFIED CORROSION ALLOWANCE: 1/16
PRODUCT: CRUDE OIL WITH .9765 SG
DESIGN FOR DESIGN FOR
RENEWAL HYDROTEXT DESIGN FOR PROD. SG: .9765
ALLOW. CALC. ALLOW. CALC ALLOW. CALC. CORR. THK.
STRESS THK. STRESS . THK. STRESS THK. ALLOW USED MATL
RING * (PSI) (IN.) RING * (PSI) (IN.) RING * (PSI) (IN.) (IN) ** (IN.) SPEC.
1 25,520 .423 1 24,900 .444 1 23,200 .466 .134 .557 A36

*** MOD
2 25,520 .345 2 24,900 .362 2 23,200 .379 .063 .408 A36
3 25,520 .258 3 24,900 .271 3 23,200 283 .063 .321 A36
4 24,000 .182 4 22,500 .198 4 20,000 .217 .068 .250 A283C

****
5 24,000 .100* 5 22,500 .098 5 20,000 .107 .150 .250 A283C

****
* MIN . RENEWAL THK
** PER SHELL OIL. SPEC (.0625 MIN. SPECIFIED ON DATA SHEET)
*** INCREASED TO ELIMINATE ANCHOR BOLTS
**** API MIN

API STANDARD 650 STORAGE TANK
DATA SHEET 4E3S1
PAGE 1 OF 3
SEP 95
BY FILE NO
DATE
GENERAL INFORMATION (BY PURCHASER)
1. PURCHASER/AGENT
ADDRESS
CITY STATE ZIP PHONE
2. USER
3. ERECTION SITE NAME OF PLANT
LOCATION
4. TANK NO NOMINAL CAPACITY BARRELS NET WORKING CAPACITY BARRELS
5. PUMPING RATES IN BARRELS/HOUR OUT BARRELS/HOUR
6. MAX. OPERATING TEMPERATURE F
7. PRODUCT STORED DESIGN SPECIFIC GRAVITY AT F
DESIGN METAL TEMPERATURE F VAPOR PRESSURE INCHES WATER
SULFIDIC SERVICE? YES NO
8 CORROSION ALLOWANCE SHELL INCHES ROOF INCHES
BOTTOM STRUCTURALS INCHES
9. SHELL DESIGN BASIC STANDARD 650 APPENDIX A APPENDIX F
DESIGN PRESSURE POUNDS/SQUARE INCH
10. ROOF DESIGN BASIC STANDARD 650 APPENDIX C (EXTERNAL FLOATING) APPENDIX H (INTERNAL FLOATING)
FRANGIBLE ROOF JOINT? YES NO APPENDIX G (ALUMINUM DOME)
11. ROOF LOADS UNIFORM LIVE POUNDS/SQUARE FOOT
SPECIAL (PROVIDE SKETCH) POUNDS/SQUARE FOOT
12. EARTHQUAKE DESIGN? YES NO (APPENDIX E) ROOF TIE RODS (3.10.4.5.)? YES NO
SEISMIC ZONE (FIG. E-1) ESSENTIAL FACILITIES FACTOR
ZONE COEFFICIENT (TABLE E-1)
SITE AMPLIFICATION FACTOR (TABLE E-2)
13. WIND LOAD VELOCITY MILES/HOUR
PROVIDE INTERMEDIATE WINDGIRDER (3.9.7.)? YES NO
14. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS MAXIMUM RAINFALL INCHES/HOUR TOTAL SNOW ACCUMULATION INCHES
15. SIZE RESTRICTION MAXIMUM DIAMETER FEET MAXIMUM HEIGHT FEET
16. FOUNDATION TYPE EARTH CONCRETE RINGWALL OTHER
17. MEASUREMENT SYSTEM REQUIRED? YES NO
TANK CALIBRATION METHOD: CRITICAL MEASUREMENTS
OPTICAL REFERENCE LINE OTHER
TANK CALIBRATION BY: TANK MANUFACTURER OTHER
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT
SHELL THERMOWELL(S)
MIDPOINT THERMOMETER(S)
OTHER:
18. REMOTE TANK GAUGE MEASUREMENT CAPABILITY REQUIRED? YES NO

IF YES, SELECT APPLICATION (TANK OPERATIONS) (CUSTODY TRANSFER MEASUREMENT) IN ACCORDANCE WITH API
MANUAL OF PETROLEUM MEASUREMENT STANDARDS - CHAPTER 3, SECTION 18. TANK MOUNTED EQUIPMENT TO BE
BY ( TANK MANUFACTURER) ( OTHERS).
TRANSMITTER TYPE (SELECT ONE) SERVO FLOAT RADAR HTG

MANUFACTURED BY WITH GROUND READING GAUGE AND TRANSMITTER
COMPATIBILITY WITH CENTRAL TANK GAUGE MONITORING SYSTEM MANUFACTURED BY
AND INSTALLED BY .
TANK TEMPERATURE SENSOR SHELL BE (SELECT ONE): (MULTIPLE SPOT THERMOWELLS AND SENSOR) (MULTIPOINT
TEMPERATURE PROBE) OR (OTHER: ).
REMARKS
DATA SHEET 4E3S1
PAGE 2 OF 3
SEP 95
BY FILE NO
DATE
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS (BY MANUFACTURER AND/OR PURCHASER)
1. MANUFACTURER
ADDRESS
SERIAL NUMBER
2. FABRICATOR
ADDRESS
SERIAL NUMBER
3. MATERIAL SPECIFICATION: SHELL
ROOF
BOTTOM
STRUCTURALS
4. NUMBER OF SHELL COURSES
5. PLATE WIDTH AND THICKNESS (INCLUDING CORROSION ALLOWANCE)
1 4 7
2 5 8
3 6 9
6 TANK BOTTOM PLATE THICKNESS INCHES LAP BUTT SEAMS
SLOPE IN PER FOOT TO FROM CENTER
SINGLE BOTTOM DOUBLE BOTTOM
7. MINIMUM WIDTH & THICKNESS OF BOTTOM ANNULAR PLATES (3.5)
8. ROOF TO SHELL DETAIL: FIG. F- 1
9. INTERMEDIATE WINDGIRDER: YES NO TOP WINDGIRDER (USE AS WALKWAY?) YES NO
10. ROOF TYPE SUPPORTED SELF-SUPPORTED FLOATING NONE
SLOPE OR RADIUS INCHES
11. ROOF PLATE THICKNESS INCHES LAP BUTT JOINT
12. PAINT
SHELL - EXTERIOR? YES NO INTERIOR? YES NO
SURFACE PREPARATION
BOTTOM - UNDERSIDE? YES NO INTERIOR? YES NO
SURFACE PREPARATION
ROOF - EXTERIOR? YES NO INTERIOR? YES NO
SURFACE PREPARATION
STRUCTURAL STEEL - EXTERIOR? YES NO INTERIOR? YES NO
SPECIFICATION
13. TANK BOTTOM LINING INTERIOR? YES NO MATERIAL
APPLICATION SPECIFICATION
14. INSPECTION BY SHOP FIELD
15. WELD EXAMINATION RADIOGRAPH
SUPPLEMENTARY LIQUID PENETRANT OR ULTRASONIC
16. FILMS PROPERTY OF
17. LEAK TESTING: BOTTOM ROOF
SHELL
18. MILL TEST REPORTS REQUIRED? YES NO
PLATE STRUCTURAL SHAPES
19. PURCHASERS REFERENCE DRAWING
20. TANK SIZE DIAMETER FEET HEIGHT FEET
21. DATE OF STANDARD 650 EDITION/REVISION
REMARKS
DATA SHEET 4E3S1
PAGE 3 OF 3
SEP 95
BY FILE NO
DATE
APPURTENANCES (BY MANUFACTURER AND/OR PURCHASER)
1. STAIRWAY STYLE CIRCULAR STRAIGHT ANGLE TO HORIZONTAL DEGREES
LADDER
2. WALKWAY WIDTH INCHES LENGTH FEET
2A. GAUGERS PLATFORM YES NO
3. DRAWOFF SUMP: SHELL STANDARD SPECIAL
4. BOLTED DOOR SHEET YES NO (APPENDIX A TANK ONLY) RAISED FLUSH
5. SCAFFOLD HITCH YES NO
6. INTERNAL PIPING SWING LINE SUCTION LINE
HEATING COIL SURFACE AREA SQUARE FEET
7. ROOF DRAIN HOSE JOINTED
SIPHON
8 NUMBER AND SIZE OF SHELL MANWAYS
9 NUMBER AND SIZE OF ROOF MANWAYS
10. SHELL NOZZLES (SEE FIGURE 3-4B, 3-5, AND 3-6 AND TABLES 3-8, 3-9, AND 3-10):
FLANGED SCREWED ORIENTATION HEIGHT FROM

MARK SIZE SGL DBL SPL A B C D E N=0 DEGREES BOTTOM SERVICE
11. ROOF NOZZLES (INCLUDING VENTING CONNECTION) (SEE FIGURE 3-4 AND 3-15 AND TABLES 3-16 AND 3-17)
ORIENTATION DISTANCE
MARK SIZE FLANGED SCREWED REINF. N = 0 DEG. FROM CENTER SERVICE
NOTE: SKETCH AND/OR SEPARATE SHEET MAY BE ATTACHED TO COVER SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS.
4E3D1
GROUNDING CABLE FOR FLOATING ROOF TANKS
SHEET 1 OF 1
APR 90
BRAZE TO PLATE OR ANGLE IRON
PLATE OR ANGLE IRON
KC-26 SERVIT POST
DETAIL "A"
(TYPICAL)
2/0 FLEXIBLE
DETAIL "A" CABLE APPROX.
3' LONG
ROLLING LADDER
DETAIL "A"
"
'-0
20
2/0 FLEXIBLE
CABLE APPROX.
25' LONG
ROLLING LADDER TRACK DETAIL "A"
6"
FLOATING ROOF
MATERIAL LIST PER TANK
1. 30 LIN. FT. 2/0 FLEXIBLE WELDING CABLE

2. 4 BURNDY NO. KC-26 SERVIT POST WITH NUT
4E3D2
WATER DRAWOFF FOR STORAGE TANKS
SHEET 1 OF 1
APR 90
3,000 LBS F.S.

HALF COUPLING
B SCH. 80 PIPE-SIZED AS REQUIRED

1'-6"
SCD ELL.
THIS CORNER TO
150 LBS. BE ABSOLUTELY
A SMOOTH ALL 1'-3"
FLANGE
ROUND.
5/16"
3"
9"
5/16"
2'-0" DIA.
WATER DRAW OFF LINE 2'-01/2" DIA. CUTOUT
2'-7" DIA.
6" 6" 2'-0"
MAX.
A WATER DRAW VALVE

THIS VALVE WILL BE NORMALLY CLOSED. NOTE"
SHADDED PORTION TO BE FURNISHED
AND INSTALLED BY TANK
FABRICATOR.
B EQUALIZING VALVE FOR COLD CLIMATE ONLY
1" GATE VALVE PERMITS DRAINING BACK INTO TANK OF ANY WATER
WHICH MAY REMAIN IN WATER DRAW LINE. THIS VALVE SHOULD BE
TAGGED: "KEEP THIS VALVE OPEN-CLOSE ONLY WHEN
DRAWING WATER. IMMEDIATELY REOPEN."
THIS IS A SAFEGUARD AGAINST FREEZING.
C NOT REQUIRED IN NON-FREEZING CLIMATES.

4E3D3
DESIGN OF GAUGE HATCH SEAL PIPE FOR
GAS BLANKETED FIXED ROOF TANKS
SHEET 1 OF 1
APR 90
ON GAS BLANKETED FIXED ROOF STORAGE TANKS, "SEAL PIPES" ARE USED
TO PREVENT ESCAPE OF GAS WHEN THE GAUGE HATCH IS OPENED. THE PIPE
EXTENDS FROM THE GAUGE HATCH TO A POINT NEAR THE BOTTOM
AND FORMS A LIQUID SEAL.
FOR ACCURATE GAUGE READINGS, THE SEAL PIPE SHOULD TERMINATE

AT LEAST TWO INCHES ABOVE THE HIGHEST WATER LEVEL ANTICIPATED
AND A MANOMETER IS INSTALLED AT GAUGE HATCH LOCATION TO
MONITOR TANK PRESSURE DURING GAUGING FOR
CORRECTION OF LEVEL READING.
MANOMETER
A A
GAUGE HATCH
X
PRESSURE 8" MIN. 1'-0"
1'-0" 3 3/4" DIA

HOLES
1'-0"
6" DATUM PLATE
6"
INTERNAL GAUGE
SEAL PIPE (8")
DETAIL "A"
SEE
DETAIL "A"
SHELL
45
2" MIN.
ANTICIPATED HIGH
WATER LEVEL
WELD
RAD.
CENTER LINE
GAS BLANKETED TANK
WELD
NOTE:
THE 1 FOOT SPACING FROM OPEN GAUGE
PIPE TO TANK BOTTOM IS CONSIDERED
TO BE STANDARD AND ALLOWS FOR A 1/4"X3"X3"
MAXIMUM WATER BOTTOM OF 10 INCHES.
SECTION A-A
4E3D4
TYPICAL BOTTOM SUCTION SUMP DESIGN
SHEET 1 OF 1
APR 90
INSIDE TANK SHELL
(BOTTOM TO SLOPE INTO SUMP.

TANK BOTTOM IN THIS AREA SUMP TO BE LEVEL)
1'-6" 6'-2 1/8"
7'-8"DIAM. CUTOUT IN TANK
2'-0" 8'-0"
36" R.F.S.O. FLANGE C

L
150# (API 605) SUMP 3 1/2"
3'-0 3/4"
3/8" PLT.
1/2" PLT.
1/2" PLT.
5'-0"
SHIP FLANGES SEPARATE, BL. FLG.

FOR HYDROSTATIC PURPOSES ONLY
12
12
1/2" PLT.
3/8" PLT.
BOLT HOLES TO STRADDLE

VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
CENTERLINES.
8'-0" INSIDE DIA.
TABLE 1
NOTES: NOZZLE SUMP SUMP

DIAMETER DIAMETER HEIGHT
1. SUMP SHOWN IS FOR 36" DIA. NOZZLE. SUMP

24" 5'-0" 4'-0"
DIMENSIONS FOR OTHER NOZZLE SIZES
ARE SHOWN IN TABLE 1. 30" 6'-0" 4'-6"
36" 8'-0" 5'-0"

2. STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SUMP IS THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF THE TANK 42" 8'-0" 5'-6"
CONTRACTOR.
48" 10'-0" 6'-0"
TYPICAL INSALLATION
SLOTTED GAUGE PIPE WITH FLOAT SEAL
4E3D5
GAUGE HATCH THIS DRAWING IS ALSO DESIGNATED BY

NUMBERS 4G31D5 AND 4G32D5
GAUGER'S
PLATFORM TANK SHELL
1/4" X 3" X 3"
6" 8" - 150# F. F. S. O. FLANGE 8" PIPE
WELD
SUPPORT POLE FROM
PLATFORM AS REQUIRED RAD.
8" SCH. 20 PIPE 45o
6" SECTION "B - B"

TANK SHELL
---------------------------
N. T. S.
FLOAT SEAL
(SEE DRAWING 4E3D8)
MAXIMUM FILL LEVEL
1" X 12" SLOTS @ 11"

SPACING-OVERLAPPED
1/2" ON OPPOSITE (180 )
SIDES OF THE PIPE. ALL
INSIDE BURRS TO BE
1/4" X 3" X 3" GROUND AFTER CUTTING.
B B
1/2"
NOT TO EXCEED 3' - 0"
11"
1/2"
12"
6"
4"
DATUM
PLATE
6" 12"
ELEVATION
------------------
07/89
N.T.S.
TYPICAL AUTOMATIC GAUGE
ON FLOATING ROOF TANK
4E3D6
TOP OF TANK
1-1/2" PIPE GAS TIGHT

ELBOWS
"Y" CLEVIS 1/8" CLEAR

ON EACH SIDE AND 2"
CLEAR ON BOTTOM
o
45
BRACE
RISER MUST
BE PLUMB
TOP OF 1/16" DIA. 18-8 STAINLESS

FLOATING STEEL CABLE
ROOF TO BE 8"
18-8 S. S. PERFORATED TAPE
SPECIFIED
NOTE: "U" BOLTS AROUND TRANSMITTER

RISER ARE TO BE LOOSE AND FOR REMOTE
ACT AS GUIDE ONLY READING
GAUGE
CONVENIENT EYE LEVEL

APPROX. 5'
SLOT WALL OF CONDENSATE RESERVOIR

FLOAT WELL BELOW 3" X 1" X 8" LARGE SWAGE
BOTTOM OF ROOF NIPPLE, CAP AND DRAIN
WITH 1" WIDE VALVE
SLOTS
BOTTOM TO HAVE GUARD ELECTRICAL CONDUIT

ACROSS IT TO RETAIN FLOAT
BUT ALLOW B.S. & W. TO FLUSH
OUT OF WELL.
FRONT SIDE
NOTE: GAUGE TO HAVE GAS TIGHT HEAD,
SIGHT GLASS CHAMBER SEALED AGAINST
TANK VAPORS.
10/95
4E3D7
TYPICAL AUTOMATIC GAUGE
ON CONE ROOF TANK
SHEET 1 OF 1
JUL 89
1" 1"
HOLE FOR 8 2 8 2 7/8" HOLES
COUPLING FOR SPRING
SHIELDED SYNTHETIC RUBBER RODS
EXPANSION JOINT
1 1" PIPE GAS TIGHT LAYOUT IN TANK ROOF

2
ELBOWS
RISER MUST
1/2" BE PLUMB
COUPLING
TOP
GUIDE
NOTE:"U" BOLTS AROUND WIRE
RISER ARE TO BE ANCHOR
LOOSE & ACT AS GUIDE DETAIL
16"-20" 8" ONLY
TAPE TRANSMITTER FOR
CONNECTION REMOTE READING
FLOAT
GAUGE CONVENIENT EYE LEVEL
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
5' APPROX.
3"X 1"X 8" LG. SWAGE

NIPPLE, CAP & DRAIN
COCK
GUIDE
WIRES
FLOAT
GUIDE
DETAIL
GUIDE WIRE ANCHOR
WT. RESTING ON
BOTTOM.
ELECTRICAL CONDUIT
FRONT SIDE
NOTE:
GAUGE TO HAVE GAS TIGHT
HEAD, SIGHT GLASS SEALED
AGAINST TANK VAPORS.
4E3D8
FLOAT SEAL FOR 8" SLOTTED GAUGE PIPE
SHEET 1 OF 1
JUL 89
HINGE - 1-1/2" X 1-1/2" 304-2B

(McMASTERS CAT# 1624 ALL)
1-1/2" X 1/4" S.S. FLAT BAR
6-1/2" O.D. VITON RUBBERIZED FABRIC DISK

1-1/8"
RING BOLT
1/2" HOLE FOR CHAIN ATTACHMENT
10 GA, 5-1/2" O.D. 304 SS DISK
1/4" X 1-1/2" OD SS 1/2" HOLE FOR BRASS

TOP VIEW O.D. 4" PIPE EYE BOLT (IN CASE CHAIN ATTACHMENT
CHAIN BREAKS)
10 GA. X 5-1/2" OD
7-1/4" 304 SS DISK
1/4"
6"
6-1/2" OD VITON
A 1-1/2" X 1/4" SS
FLAT BAR
RUBBERIZED FABRIC DISK
HINGE 18 GA. X 2" 304

SS DISK
1/8"
4-1/2"
1/4" NUT AND WASHER

VITON RUBBERIZED (LOOSE)
FABRIC SEALS
9"
1-1/4" (MAY BE SLOTTED)

9" O.D. X 6" I.D. 3/16" BOLTS-8 PLCS
EQUALLY SPACED
1-1/4"
EACH FLG.- 6-1/2"
2"
THIN SS FLGS-7" OD
TO BOLT SEAL MAT'L
FAB. FROM 20 GAUGE
304 SS
25"
MAT'L.: 18 GA. 304 SS

WELDED CONST.
7-3/4"
A
SIDE VIEW SECTION A-A
4E3D9
BAYONET TANK HEATERS
SHEET 1 OF 1
APR 90
2 3 4 FINS-SEE NOTES 2 & 3

A
STEAM INLET
C
L
1
1-1/4" 2"
2-1/2" DRILL 1" A
HOLE THRU.
OUT
WALL 2" 9" 2 1/2"
5 1"
APPROX.
6-1/2" 1'-1-1/2" "L"-FINNED LENGTH (SEE TABLE)
1'-4"
1/4"X2"X15/16" HIGH GUIDES-

WELD TO INTERNAL PIPE- ITEM DESCRIPTION FINNED APPROX. SURFACE, SQ. FT.
10 FT. MAX SPACING LENGTH
1 1-1/2" 3000# COUPLING, SOCKETWELD STANDARD HEAVY DUTY
2 4" STANDARD WEIGHT PIPE CAP "L"-FT. 48 FINS/FT. 36 FINS/FT.
3 4" SCHEDULE 40 PIPE, A53 OR A106 GR. A OR B

5 45 35
4 1-1/2" SCHEDULE 40 PIPE 10 95 75
5 4" X 1" EXTRA STRONG SOCKOLET 15 140 110
20 190 150
60
25 240 185
SECTION A-A NOTES:
30 285 225
1. SOCKOLET TO BE FURNISHED LOOSE AND 40 380 300
INSTALLED IN FIELD.
2. FINS TO BE CARBON STEEL, 3/4" HIGH, WELDED

DESIGN PRESSURE - 450 PSI
TO PIPE.
DESIGN TEMP. - 600 DEG F
TEST PRESSURE - 675 PSI 3. STANDARD FIN THICKNESS TO BE .06" MINIMUM
CORROSION ALLOWANCE - 1/8" 48 PER FT. HEAVY DUTY FIN THICKNESS TO BE
.105" MINIMUM, 36 PER FT.
4E3D10
INSTALLATION DETAILS FOR
BAYONET TANK HEATERS
SHEET 1 OF 1
APR 90
STD. A.P.I. REINF. PAD

FOR 4" PIPE
1'-0"
1'X1/4"X11"LG.
CL HOLD-DOWN STRAP
A
SLOPE (2" PER 10'-0")
1-1/2"
CL
STM.
INLET
6" SCH. 40 PIPE

(CUT IN HALF) TYP.
1" COND.
OUTLET 11-1/2"
4" 6" CHANNELL 1/4"
TANK SHELL @ 10.5#
1/4" PLT. 6" 150# FLG. &

SCH. 40 NOZZLE
A
1"X1/4"X11" LG. HOLD-DOWN STRAP 1'-4"
(TACK WELD BOTH SIDES)
6" SCH. 40 PIPE

(CUT IN HALF)
6" CHANNEL @ 10.5#

6" NOTES 6" RED. FLG.
1/4" PLATE 1. FOR DETAILS OF HEATER, SEE DWG. 4E3D9.
2. CONDENSATE OUTLET TO BE INSTALLED IN FIELD.
3. ELEVATION IN TANK AND LOCATION OF SUPPORTS ALTERNATE INSTALLATION

1'-0" TO BE DETERMINED FOR EACH INSTALLATION.
SECTION A-A

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4 EG-3 Approved Apr 90

Welded Steel Atmospheric Storage Tanks

Engineering Guides and General Specifications

1. General ...................................... 3 4.10 Liquid Level Gauge And Float

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 1 of 25

4E3D1 Grounding Cable for Floating Roof Tanks

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 2 of 25

This Engineering Guide is intended to assist Shell and/or contractor engineers in

1.2 Reference Standards

1.2.1 This Engineering Guide is based on industry consensus standards.

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 3 of 25

NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

1.2.2 Other Shell Engineering Guides and General Specifications references

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 4 of 25

1.3 Tank Calibration Tables

2.1.1 Atmospheric storage tanks should be designed in accordance with API

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 5 of 25

2. To the minimum nominal thickness specified for the bottom plates

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 6 of 25

2.2 Bottom Design

2.2.1 Selection of the type of tank bottom consistent with groundwater

2.3 Shell Design

2.3.1 Shell plate thicknesses for tanks should be calculated in accordance

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 7 of 25

COMMENT: The requirement that the bottom shell course thickness

2.4 Roof Design

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 8 of 25

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 9 of 25

2.4.10 Floating roof pontoons should be compartmented by internal

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 10 of 25

Unless otherwise specified in the Materials Selection Report, the tank

A checklist of appurtenances which may be installed on a tank is shown in

4.3.1 Connections 2 inches in nominal diameter and larger should be

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 11 of 25

COMMENT: The flange facing dimensions listed in Table 3-10 of API

4.4 Threaded Connections

4.4.1 Threaded connections may be used for sample connections,

4.5 Water Drawoff

4.5.1 When specified, a water drawoff should be provided in accordance

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 12 of 25

4.6 Floating Roof Drains

4.7 Floating Roof Seals

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 13 of 25

4.8 Scaffold Cable Anchor

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 14 of 25

4.9 Gauge Hatches

4.9.1 Gauge hatches should be a minimum of 8 inch nominal pipe diameter,

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 15 of 25

should be installed under the gauging well as shown in Drawing

4.10 Liquid Level Gauge And Float Well

4.11 Temperature Measurement

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 16 of 25

4.11.3 A grounding lug should be provided at the gauging platform for

4.13 Tank Mixers

4.14 Swing Lines, Submerged Fill Lines, & Bottom Connections

4.14.1 Swing lines are required when suction is to be taken at an intermediate

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 17 of 25

working volume in large tanks. Typical bottom suction sump details

4.15 Tank Heaters

4.16 Stairways And Ladders

4.16.1 Stairways should be circumferential on fixed roof tanks and can be

Engineering Guides and General Specifications Page 18 of 25

if the Optical Reference Line Method is to be used to calibrate the