Gemstone Name Specific Gravity Mohs Hardness Index of Refraction Gemstone Family

Achorite 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.610-1.661 Tourmaline

Agate 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.530 - 1.550 Quartz
Alexandrite 3.68 - 3.78 8.5 Mohs 1.746 - 1.755 Chrysoberyl
Almandine 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.750 - 1.830 Garnet
Almandine Spinel 3.58 - 4.06 8.0 Mohs 1.708 - 1.735 Spinel
Almandine-Spessartine 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.750 - 1.830 Garnet
Amazonite 2.55 - 2.76 6.0 - 6.5 Mohs 1.518 - 1.526 Feldspar
Amethyst 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.532 - 1.554 Quartz
Andradite 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.880 - 1.940 Garnet
Aquamarine 2.63 - 2.91 7.5 - 8.0 Mohs 1.567-1.590 Beryl
Balas Ruby 3.58 - 4.06 8.0 Mohs 1.708 - 1.735 Spinel
Black Opal 1.98 - 2.25 5.5 - 6.5 Mohs 1.440 - 1.460 Opal
Bloodstone 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.535 - 1.539 Quartz
Brazilian Emerald 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.610 - 1.640 Tourmaline
Cairngorm 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.540 - 1.550 Quartz
Carnelian 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.530 - 1.550 Quartz
Cats Eye 3.68 - 3.78 8.5 Mohs 1.746 - 1.755 Chrysoberyl
Chalcedony 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.544 - 1.553 Quartz
Chlorspinel 3.58 - 4.06 8.0 Mohs 1.712 - 1.717 Spinel
Chrome Pyrope 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.730 - 1.760 Garnet
Chrysoberyl 3.68 - 3.78 8.5 Mohs 1.746 - 1.755 Chrysoberyl
Chrysoprase 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.530 - 1.550 Quartz
Citrine 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.532 - 1.554 Quartz
Color-Change Garnet 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.730 - 1.760 Garnet
Demantoid 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.880 - 1.900 Garnet
Diamond 3.51 10 Mohs 2.417 Diamond
Dravite 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.610-1.661 Tourmaline
Emerald 2.63 - 2.91 7.5 - 8.0 Mohs 1.560 - 1.605 Beryl
Feldspar 2.55 - 2.76 6.0 - 6.5 Mohs 1.518 - 1.572 Feldspar
Fire Opal 1.98 - 2.25 5.5 - 6.5 Mohs 1.430 - 1.460 Opal
Garnet 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.730 - 1.760 Garnet
Ghanospinel 3.58 - 4.06 8.0 Mohs 1.712 - 1.747 Spinel
Goshenite 2.63 - 2.91 7.5 - 8.0 Mohs 1.570 - 1.600 Beryl
Green Quartz 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.540-1.550 Quartz
Grossular 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.880 - 1.940 Garnet
Heliodore 2.63 - 2.91 7.5 - 8.0 Mohs 1.570 - 1.600 Beryl
Heliotrope 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.535 - 1.539 Quartz
Hessonite 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.730 - 1.760 Garnet
Hyacinth 4.60 - 4.70 7.5 Mohs 1.777 - 1.987 Zircon
Indicolite 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.610 - 1.640 Tourmaline
Jade 2.90 - 3.10 6.0 Mohs 1.640 - 1.667 Jade
Jadeite 2.90 - 3.10 6.0 Mohs 1.640 - 1.667 Jade
Jargon 4.60 - 4.70 7.5 Mohs 1.777 - 1.987 Zircon
Jasper 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.540 - 1.550 Quartz
Labradorite 2.55 - 2.76 6.0 - 6.5 Mohs 1.560 - 1.572 Feldspar
Lapis Lazuli 2.70 - 2.90 5.0 - 5.5 Mohs 1.500 - 1.550 Lapis Lazuli
Malaia 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.880 - 1.940 Garnet
Matura Diamond 4.60 - 4.70 7.5 Mohs 1.777 - 1.987 Zircon
Moonstone 2.55 - 2.76 6.0 - 6.5 Mohs 1.518 - 1.526 Feldspar
Morganite 2.63 - 2.91 7.5 - 8.0 Mohs 1.585 - 1.594 Beryl
Morion 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.540 - 1.550 Quartz
Nephrite 2.90 - 3.10 6.0 Mohs 1.600 - 1.641 Jade
Onyx 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.531 - 1.539 Quartz
Opal 1.98 - 2.25 5.5 - 6.5 Mohs 1.440 - 1.460 Opal
Orthoclase 2.55 - 2.76 6.0 - 6.5 Mohs 1.518 - 1.526 Feldspar
Peridot 3.22 - 3.45 7.0 Mohs 1.635 - 1.690 Peridot
Peristerite 2.55 - 2.76 6.0 - 6.5 Mohs 1.560 - 1.572 Feldspar
Praziolite 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.540 - 1.550 Quartz
Pyrope 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.730 - 1.760 Garnet
Pyrope-Almandine 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.730 - 1.760 Garnet
Pyrope-Spessartine 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.730 - 1.760 Garnet
Quartz 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.544 - 1.553 Quartz
Red Beryl 2.63 - 2.91 7.5 - 8.0 Mohs 1.570 - 1.598 Beryl
Rhodolite 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.740 - 1.770 Garnet
Rock Crystal 2.65 7.0 Mohs 2.000 Quartz
Rose Quartz 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.540 - 1.550 Quartz
Rubellite 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.610 - 1.640 Tourmaline
Rubicelle 3.58 - 4.06 8.0 Mohs 1.712 - 1.717 Spinel
Ruby 3.96 - 4.05 9.0 Mohs 1.757 - 1.779 Corundum
 Sapphire 3.96 - 4.05 9.0 Mohs 1.757 - 1.779 Corundum
Sapphire Spinel 3.58 - 4.06 8.0 Mohs 1.712 - 1.747 Spinel
Siberite 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.625-1.675 Tourmaline
Smoky Quartz 2.65 7.0 Mohs 1.540 - 1.550 Quartz
Spessartine 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.790 - 1.810 Garnet
Spinel 3.58 - 4.06 8.0 Mohs 1.712 - 1.717 Spinel
Sunstone 2.55 - 2.76 6.0 - 6.5 Mohs 1.560 - 1.572 Feldspar
Topaz 3.50 - 3.60 8.0 Mohs 1.607 - 1.627 Topaz
Topazolite 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.880 - 1.940 Garnet
Tourmaline 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.603 - 1.655 Tourmaline
Tsavorite 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.739 - 1.744 Garnet
Turquoise 2.60 - 2.80 5.0 - 6.0 Mohs 1.610 - 1.650 Turquoise
Uvarovite 3.50 - 4.30 6.5 - 7.5 Mohs 1.740 - 1.870 Garnet
Verdilite 3.03 - 3.25 7.0 - 7.5 Mohs 1.612-1.638 Tourmaline
Water Opal 1.98 - 2.25 5.5 - 6.5 Mohs 1.440 - 1.460 Opal
White Opal 1.98 - 2.25 5.5 - 6.5 Mohs 1.440 - 1.460 Opal
Zircon 4.60 - 4.70 7.5 Mohs 1.777 - 1.987 Zircon