CREATOR OF THE POLAROID AND THE SPECTRA SYSTEM USED WITHIN IT

STUDIED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY, BUT QUIT AFTER FRESHMEN YEAR
ORIGINALLY, HIS WORK DID NOT FOCUS ON THE FILM CAMERA
"DEVELOPED APPLICATIONS, AND WAS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF
A WIDE VARIETY OF
SUNGLASSES AND COLOR ANIMATION" (BIOGRAPHY.COM 1)
 BEGAN DEVELOPMENTS ON THE FILM CAMERA
IN 1943
ON FEBRUARY 27TH, 1947, THE FIRST FULLY FUNCTIONAL
INSTANT CAMERA WAS SUCCESSFULLY TESTED

ORIGINALLY, CAMERAS ONLY PRINTED PICTURES IN

BLACK AND WHITE, OCCASIONALLY IN BROWN INK
THOUGH THERE WAS RARELY COLOR, CAMERAS WERE STILL
SENSITIVE TO ULTRAVIOLET LIGHTS AND SHADING

FILTERS WERE OFTEN ADDED TO CHANGE THE SHADES OF THE

DARK INK AND GIVE THE ILLUSION OF NEW COLOR

CAMERAS DID NOT RECEIVE A FILM SPECTRA UNTIL

THE EARLY 1960S
HOWEVER, THIS COLORFUL DEVELOPMENT WAS NOT
PERFECT BY ANY MEANS


IT WAS NOT UNTIL THE 60S WHEN ALL THIS MINIMIZED

SIGNIFICANTLY

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRAL BANDS DEVELOPED TO BE ABLE TO

CAPTURE MORE COLOR ACCURATELY

WAVELENGTHS WERE SORTED WITH SPECIAL FILTERS

THIS HELPS TO CATCH WHAT HUMANS MISS
MULTISPECTRAL IMAGING HAS HELD SOME OF THE
BEST ADVANCEMENTS THROUGH THE LAST 50 YEARS

IT IS THE OPPOSITE OF PANCHROMATIC

THIS ONE THE MOST COMMON FORM OF PHOTOGRAPHY USED
IN SPACE BECAUSE OF THIS SYSTEM

IT IS ALSO CALLED HYPERSPECTRAL OR ULTRA SPECTRAL


IS STRONGER THAN THE NAKED EYE BECAUSE OF ITS USE OF BANDS

THE WAVELENGTHS ARE DIVIDED INTO MULTIPLE WAVES AND THEY ARE FINER THAN WHAT THE
EYE SEES

HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY IS USED OUTSIDE OF FILM CAMERAS AS WELL

MEDICAL FIELD, AGRICULTURAL SCANNING, MINERALOGY, THE SCIENCES, SECURITY,
AND FOOD PROCESSING AMONGST OTHERS
 USED TO TAKE A RAPID SEQUENCE OF PHOTOGRAPHS ON FILM

EXAMPLES- MOVIES, MEDIA, RECREATIONAL USE

FILM WAS USED TO CAPTURE THESE PHOTOGRAPHS AND STORE THEM IN INDIVIDUAL FRAMES
1928 LAND FILES PATENT FOR THE FIRST SYNTHETIC POLARIZER
1943 LAND COMES UP WITH THE IDEA OF AN INSTANT CAMERA

1948 FIRST CAMERA IS SOLD FOR $89.95, THE MODEL 95

1963 POLACOLOR, THE FIRST INSTANCE COLOR FILM
1963 MODEL 100 LAND CAMERA, THE FIRST FULLY-AUTOMATIC PACK FILM AND EXPOSURE
CONTROL

1972 SX-70 DEBUTS. THE FIRST FULLY-AUTOMATIC, MOTORIZED, AND FOLDING CAMERA WITH
INSTANT COLOR PRINTS
1997 POLAROID ONE STEP EXPRESS IS REISSUED WITH A ROUNDED BODY AND VARIOUS
COLOR OPTIONS

2011 Z340 INSTANT DIGITAL CAMERA

2012 POLAROID Z2300 INSTANT DIGITAL CAMERA

SLOW SPEEDS LET IN MORE LIGHT, BUT CAPTURES DETAILS BETTER
FASTER SPEEDS CAN STILL CAPTURE THE IMAGE, BUT ARE A LOWER QUALITY
FILM CAMERAS WERE USED TO FILM MOVIES
MANY PHOTOGRAPHERS ADMIT THAT THEY CAN TAKE PICTURES IN THE MOMENT SINCE THEY'RE
NOT WEIGHED DOWN WITH EQUIPMENT
 AN APERTURE (OR DIAPHRAGM): A VIEWFINDER-SHOWS HOW THE
SMALL CIRCULAR HOLE IN THE CASE PHOTOGRAPH WILL APPEAR
THAT LETS IN LIGHT FOR THE SHORT
A XENON FLASH LAMP-ADDS ENOUGH
PERIOD WHEN YOU WANT TO TAKE A
EXTRA LIGHT ENERGY TO ACTIVATE THE
PHOTO.
FILM, EVEN IN DARK CONDITIONS
A SHUTTER MECHANISM: A SPRING- SLR (SINGLE LENS REFLEX)- PRISMS
LOADED SET OF OVERLAPPING BLADES
AND MIRRORS ALLOW YOU TO LOOK
THAT OPEN TO LET LIGHT IN THROUGH
THROUGH THE ACTUAL LENS OF THE
THE APERTURE FOR A PRECISE AMOUNT
CAMERA AND SEE AN EXACT REPLICA
OF TIME BEFORE CLOSING UP AGAIN.
OF THE PHOTO YOU'LL TAKE.
 LENS(ES)- IN FRONT OF THE SHUTTER. THEY SCALE DOWN THE LARGE, INCOMING IMAGE OF THE
WORLD SO IT FITS INTO A MUCH SMALLER AREA OF FILM

THEY CONCENTRATE THE INCOMING LIGHT ENERGY SO THE IMAGE FORMS ON THE FILM MORE
QUICKLY AND THE CAMERA CAN BE USED IN DARKER CONDITIONS THAN WOULD OTHERWISE BE THE
CASE.

THEY BRING THE LIGHT RAYS INTO A SHARP FOCUS EXACTLY ON THE SURFACE OF THE FILM, SO YOU GET
A CLEAR, SHARP, IMAGE RATHER THAN A BLURRED, FUZZY IMPRESSION.
 When light goes through the cornea, it is
crossed, so images we see are actually
transmitted upside down.
The brain then turns the image right side
up so that the things people see are
actually as they are.
This works in a similar way with a camera
A camera also has images that are
upside down
The lenses in the camera with light transmitted
help to focus the object and turn it the right
side up
Our eyes and the camera work together to get
a perfect picture
 When a picture is taken, a flash
goes off creating a better light
source
The light that is transmitted helps
create the image on the roll of
film
When the picture is taken, the
darker shapes outline on the film
and then fill in with highlights
that create an image
 Film Cameras have infrared and ultraviolet spectrum.
However, ultraviolet filters are used to reduce the colors because they
discolor of the image on film.

The
hyperspectral lines show more colors
than what we can see(3)
The lines are thin and there are a lot
more
Matter is made up of atoms and molecules
and emit light
Light emission is spontaneous in cameras
In spontaneous emission, matter at a
sufficiently high energy level can relax by
emitting photons of a characteristic energy