HowToTestRetailBankingSystem

PostedIn|WebTesting|LastUpdated:"April17,2017"

Thetitlesaysitall.Todaysarticleisgoingtobeanallround,How
toontestingRetailbankingsystem.Comeonalong.

IntroductiontoRetailBanking:

Itreferstothebankingthat
executesdirecttransactionswith
consumers/customersratherthan
corporations/companiesorother
banks.

Retailbankingisalsoknownas
Consumerbanking.Itprovides
differentbankingserviceslikesavingsaccount,currentaccount,
checktransactions,creditcards,onlinebanking,loansetc.tofulfil
individualcustomerrequirements.
Themainactivityofretailbankingistoacceptdepositsfromone
customerandlendcredittoothercustomersintheformofloans.It
isallaboutmakingdifferentassetproductsandliabilityproducts
availabletocustomers.Thishasgrownwidelyinthelastfewyears.

Recommendedreads=>

HowtoTestBankingApplications
HowtoTestInvestmentBankingApplication

WhatYouWillLearn:[show]

FunctionsinRetailbanking:
FrontEndBanking
BackEndBanking
ChannelBanking

ServicesinFrontEndBanking:
#1)Accountopening:

Accountopeningplaysavitalroleinbanking.Toproceedwithany
servicesinretailbankinganaccountshouldbeopened.

Followingistheprocesstoopenanaccount.
#2)TellerTransactions:

Ingeneralterms,tellermeansCashier.Belowarethetwotypesof
tellertransactions.

CashTransactions:Thistypeoftransactiondoes:
Cashdeposit/withdrawalAccountholderaskingthe
tellertodepositorwithdrawcashfromhis/heraccount.
CurrencynoteexchangeExchangingtheforeign
currencytolocalcurrencyorlocalcurrencytoforeign
currencyasperthecustomersrequest.
NoncashTransactions:Thistypeoftransactiondoes:
StandinginstructionsAcustomerinstructingthebank
topaythesetofanamounttotheothercustomerfora
fixed/indefinitetimeperiodataparticularregularinterval
frequency.
TransfersTransferringtheamountfromoneaccountto
anotheraccount.

#3)Liabilityproducts:
 Savingsaccount:Savingsbankaccountisgenerallyopened
bysalariedindividualsorthosewhohaveafixedregular
income.Commercialbanks,cooperativebanksandpostal
departmentsacceptdepositsbywayofanopeningsaving
bankaccount.Belowarethemainfeaturesofsavings
account:
Minimumbalanceshouldbemaintained.
Paysinterestasperthebalance.
Therearerestrictionsontransfersandwithdrawals.
Currentaccount:Incurrentaccount,theamountcanbe
depositedandwithdrawnatanytimewithoutgivingany
notice.Itisalsosuitableformakingpaymentstocreditorsby
usingcheques.Thecurrentaccountcanbeopenedinco
operativeandcommercialbanks.Belowarethemainfeatures
ofcurrentaccount:
Overdraftfacilityisavailable.
Therearenorestrictionsontransfersandwithdrawals.

#4)Remittances:Transferringmoneyfromoneaccounttoanother
accountusingbelowoptions

Electronicform:
Electronicfundtransferisnothingbuttransferring
moneythroughonlinebankingsystemfromoneaccountto
anotheraccountviaNEFT/RTGS.
TelegraphicTransferisdoneabroadwhichmeans
transferringmoneyonlinefromtheaccountofonecountry
totheaccountinanothercountry.Generally,transfer
chargeswillbeapplicabletothesendersaccountby
sendingbank.Therewontbetransferchargesforreceiving
 banks.Butinveryrarecasesreceivingbankscouldcharge
someamount.
NonElectronicform:
Demanddraft/check:Theseareoneoftheoldest
negotiableinstrumentsusedinthebankingsystemfor
transferofmoneyinpaperformwithaclearing
mechanism.

#5)Cards:Listedbelowaredifferenttypesofcards.

Debitcards:Debitcardisintegratedwithautomatedteller
machine(ATM)andpointofsale(POS)features.Whenevera
customerusestheaboveoptions,theamountwillbedebited
directlyfromhis/herbankaccount.
Smartcards:Itstorescashinanelectronicformwhichis
embeddedwithanintegratedcircuit.
Creditcards:Itgivesfreedomtopaylaterifanemergency
comesuporifyouneedsomethinganddonthavethemoney
atthatpointoftime,creditcardsareveryuseful.Oncethe
statementisgeneratedminimumamountcanbepaid.
Chargecards:Thisisthesameasacreditcard,exceptthat
thecardpaymentcannotbedeferred.Thisisacardwhich
requiresfullpaymentuponstatementgeneration.
Belowishowtoreadacard.
#6)AssetProducts:Assetproductisnothingbutadebtgivenby
thebanktoacustomer.Here,thebankisalenderandcustomerwill
beaborrower.

Loansareclassifiedasbelow:

Securedloans:Inthistypeofloans,collateralwillbegiven
bytheborrowertothelenderasasecurityatthetimeof
borrowingmoney,whichisinturnusedbythelenderto
recoverloanamountfromtheborrower.Forexample:In
Mortgageloans,housepropertydocumentsareprovidedas
security.InVehicleloans,vehicledocumentsareprovidedas
security,etc.
Unsecuredloans:Inthistypeofloanstherewillnotbeany
collateralasasecuritybytheborrowertothelender.For
exampleEducationalloan,personalloaninwhichborrower
cannotproduceanycollateralasasecuritytothelender.

BackendBanking:
Itmainlydealswithchecksi.e.,checktruncation,clearingand
settlement.

Belowshowshowachecklookslikeanddetailedinformationofa
check.

(Note:Clickonanyimageforenlargedview)
#1)CheckTruncationisthesettlementofclearingtransactionson
thebasisofimagesandelectronicdatawithoutanyphysical
movementoftheinstruments.

#2)Clearing&Settlement:

Inwardclearing:Allchecksdrawnonourbankand
depositedwithotherbanksarereceivedthroughclearing,and
appliedtothedrawersaccountsisinwardclearing.Processof
inwardclearingisallinstrumentsarematchedagainstthe
respectiveaccountbalancesaswellasstatus(stopped,used,
etc)andthenpassedorrejectedbythesystem
Outwardclearing:Checksdepositedanddrawnonanother
bank,whichhavebeensortedandarepresentedtoclearingis
knownasoutwardclearing.Theprocessofoutwardclearingis
agroupofcheckspackaged,senttotheclearinghouseor
federalreserveofficeandacashletterisaccompaniedbya
listcontainingtheamountofeachcheck,thetotalamountof
checksandthenumberofchecks.

#3)Checkclearingprocess:

Checkclearingprocessisshownbelow:
ServicesinChannelBanking:
#1)MobileBanking

Mobilebankingincludesalertsandtransactions.
Ascustomerregistershis/hermobilenumberduringaccount
openinghe/shecanreceivealertstothemobile,like
credit/debitalerts,accountbalancealerts,billpaymentalerts
Thecustomercanalsoperformoperationslikefundstransfer,
billpayment,accountbalanceenquiry,etc.

#2)InternetBanking

Internetbankingisnothingbutonlinebankinginwhich
customerwillbeloggingintothebankingwebsite.
Thisincludestransactionslikefundstransfer,billpayments,
chequebookrequests,enquiries,mutualfund,insurance,etc.

#3)ATMBanking
 AutomatedTellerMachinebankinginvolvesanATMmachine
wherecustomercaninsertadebit/creditcardintoitand
withdrawcash
Thisalsoincludestransactionlikeenquiries,cashdepositinto
theaccount,etc.

#4)Pointofsale(POS)

Pointofsaleisusedinstoreswhereacustomerpaysthe
amountthroughdebit/creditcardinsteadofcash.
Aninvoicewillbegeneratedwhichindicatesthatpaymentis
donebythecustomerforthegoodspurchased.

TestScenariosforRetailBanking:
Belowisthesamplescreenshotsrelatedtoretailbanking
application:

#1)Samplescreenshottoopenasavingsbankaccountwithlocal
currency.
#2)Samplescreenshottoopenasavingsbankaccountwithforeign
currency.

#3)Samplescreenshottoopenacurrentaccount.
#4)Samplescreenshottotransferamountfromoneaccountto
anotheraccount.

#5)Samplescreenshotfortellertransactioncashdepositlocal
#6)Samplescreenshotfortellertransactioncashwithdrawallocal
#7)Samplescreenshotforaddingpayeeandtransferringthrough
channelbanking
Positivetestscenariosforbankingapplications:
1)Verifyifthecustomerdetailsareavailableintheapplication
beforecreatinganaccount.

2)VerifyallmandatoryfieldslikecustomerID,currency,product
code,etc.areenteredtoopenanaccount
3)Whenopeningsavingsorcurrentbankingaccountverifythe
productcodeisselectedappropriately.

Forexample,whenyouareopeningacurrentaccountselect
productcodeappropriatetocurrentaccountandwhenyouare
openingasavingbankaccountselectaproductcodeappropriateto
thesavingsaccount.

4)Whenopeninganaccountverifythecurrencyisselected
appropriatelyi.e.,eitherlocalorforeigncurrency.

Forexample,ifyouareopeningalocalsavingsaccountthenselect
currencyasINRandifyouareopeningaforeignsavingsaccount
thenselectaforeigncurrency.

5)Whiletransferringamountfromoneaccounttoanotheraccount
verifyallthemandatoryfieldsareentered,suchasdebitamount,
debitaccountnumber,creditamount,creditaccountnumber,etc.

6)Fortelegraphictransferverifydebitcurrencyandcreditcurrency
isdifferent.

7)Fortellertransactionslikecashdepositorwithdrawalverify
creditamountordebitamountisenteredcorrectly.Also,verifyall
thedenominationsenteredarematchedwithtotaldebitorcredit
amount.

8)Verifycheckdetailsarecapturedintheretailbankingapplication
byenteringchecknumber,amount,customer,etc.
9)Verifyinwardclearingisdonebyprovidingdetailslikedebit
amount,thedebitaccountandcreditaccount.

10)Verifyoutwardclearingisdonebyprovidingdetailslikecredit
amount,creditaccountanddebitaccount.

11)Verifyallthecarddetailslikecardnumber,validthrough,
customer,etc.areencryptedandstoredinthesystemasitisvery
sensitivedata.

12)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingby
providingallthemandatorydetailslikeaccountname,Account
number,etc.,

13)Verifyiftheaccounttransferisdonesuccessfullythrough
channelbankingbyprovidingallthemandatorydetailslike
transactiontype,amountandfromanaccountforanexistingpayee.

14)Verifywhethermessagesarereceivedonceatransactionis
donethroughchannelbanking.

15)Verifycollateraldetailsaregivenwhilecreatingasecuredloan.

16)Verifycollateraldetailsarenotgivenwhilecreatingan
unsecuredloan.

Negativetestscenarios:
1)Verifycreationofanaccountwithinvalidcustomerdetails.
2)Verifycreationofanaccountbynotselectingaproductcodeor
anyofthemandatoryfields.

3)Verifycreatingasavingsbankingaccountbyenteringproduct
codeascurrentaccountandviceversa.

4)Verifycreatingalocalcurrencyaccountbyenteringforeign
currencyamountandviceversa.

5)Verifytelegraphictransferbygivingdebitcurrencyandcredit
currencyassame.Itwillbeanormalaccounttransferandnota
telegraphictransfer.

6)Verifytellertransactioncashwithdrawalbyenteringcredit
amountandviceversa.

7)Verifytellertransactionbyprovidingtheinvaliddenominations.

Forexample,ifcreditordebitamountis150thenprovide
denominationfor100as1anddenominationfor50as2.The
systemshouldnotallowproceedingwiththetransaction.

8)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingby
providinganaccountnamewhichisnotmatchedtotheaccount
number.

Forexample,iftheaccountnameisSitaandaccountnumberis
12345,thenfortestingthisscenarioprovideRamaasaccountname
andaccountnumberas12345.Systemshouldnotallowaddinga
newpayeeasaccountnameandnumberarenotmatching
9)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingby
providinginvalidIFSCcode.

10)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingbynot
providinganyofthemandatoryfields.

11)Verifyifanaccounttransferthroughchannelbankingisdoneby
notprovidinganyofthemandatoryfields.

12)Verifyifamessageisreceivedwhenawrongmobilenumberis
provided.

13)Providecollateraldetailswhilecreatinganunsecuredloan.

Forexample,whenyourecreatinganeducationalloan,provide
mortgagedetailsascollateral.Thesystemshouldnotacceptto
createaneducationalloanwithmortgagedetails.

14)Whilecreatingasecuredloandonotprovidecollateraldetails.

Forexample,whenyourecreatingamortgageloanorvehicle
loan,donotprovidecollateraldetails.Thesystemshouldnotallow
proceedingfurther.

Related=>WhatisNegativeTestingandHowtoWrite
NegativeTestCases?

Performancetestingscenarios:
1)Verifydifferentuserslogintothesameretailbankingapplication
usingdifferentsystemsatsametime.

2)Verifyusercanabletologintotheretailbankingapplication
withinfewsecondsbyprovidingvaliduseridandpassword.

3)Verifyloggingintotheapplicationwhentheserverisdown.

Alsoread=>IntroductiontoPerformancetesting

Securitytestingscenarios:
1)Tryloggingintotheretailbankingapplicationbyprovidingvalid
userIDandpasswordandverifypasswordfieldisencrypted.

2)Verifyloggingintotheretailbankingapplicationbyproviding
invaliduserIDorpassword.

3)Verifyloggingintotheapplicationbyprovidingoneofthefields
userIDorpasswordasblank.

Alsoread=>AnapproachforSecurityTestingofWeb
Applications

Tipsfortestingretailbankingapplication:
Itisimportanttoknowtheretailbankingterminologiesto
startwithtestingofthistypeofanapplication.
Thetestershouldmainlyconcentrateonthetestdatathatis
beingcreatedorusedwhiletesting.Forexample,thetester
 shouldbeabletoprovidepropercustomerdetailsoraccount
details,etcforcreatingasavingsaccount,currentaccountor
aloanaccount.
Also,itisimportantforatestertoknowthefunctionalityof
checkprocessingwhiletestingchecktransactionslikeinward
oroutwardclearing.

Conclusion:
Inthecurrentworld,Retailbankingapplicationsareveryimportant
aseveryindividualisinvolveddirectlyorindirectlywithit.

Withsimplefunctionalityandtestscenariosprovidedabove,atester
canstarttestingretailbankingapplication.

Whatareyourtips/suggestionsfortestingbanking
applications?Wedlovetohearallabouttheminthe
comments!