Digital Terrain Models: 3.1 Loading of A DTM File

3.
Digital Terrain Models
3.1 Loading of a DTM file

DTM files are .ic2 or .geo format files.
Procedures
1/ Select the Disc Options / Open 16 bit File function (8 left button)
2/ Select the 16 bit file (.ic2 or .geo) inside the following File loading box
DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

3/ The designated file appears :
Tools Bar
See the Tools section of this manual.
Visual display area of the DTM file
Status Bar
The status bar lists the current process and indicates information regarding the position of
the cursor on the file.
Current process
The information concerning the process is displayed in the status bar as follow :
50 percent completed - Esc to stop Simulation
Coordinates under the cursor

If the cursor moves on the DTM file, the following coordinates are given in real time:
ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 20

- Pixel coordinate X (px)
- Pixel coordinate Y (py)
- Metric coordinate X (mx)
- Metric coordinate Y (my)
- altitude in meters (alt)
- Zoom ratio (zoom)

3.2 Cutting a DTM file
There are several ways of extracting information from an existing DTM file, according to the
accuracy required and the information known about the area to be cut.
3.2.1 The Scissors Tool

This quick method is used for cutting an approximate area.
Procedures
Cutting a DTM with scissors

1/ Open the DTM (Disc Options / Open 16 bit File)
2/ Select the Zoom Out option (View menu) if the zone to cut is not displayed on the screen.
3/ Select the tool by clicking (8 left button) directly over its icon. The cursor changes
for a rectangle.
4/ To cut a smaller area, first position the cursor over the file, click (8 left button) over the
upper left corner of the area required and then, without releasing the button, drag the cursor
down to the lower right corner of the area required and release.
If the error message "Illegal File Format" is displayed, it means that the selected area is too
small (less than 0,3 Mb)
5/ Designate the path and the name of the new 16 bit file (.ic2 or .geo) to create in the
following File loading box.
Validate by clicking over the Save button.
Once the operation completed, the following message box opens :
6/ Close the message box via the OK button.

The file containing the cutted area is saved.
7/ Open the cutted DTM (Disc Options / Open 16 bit File)
8/ Select the tool by clicking (8 left button) directly over its icon.
The following dialogue box appears :

9/ Type the information concerning the new file in the Info field

10/ Validate by clicking over the OK button and close the box by clicking over the Close
button.
3.2.2 Cutting of the DTM towards a Blank Matrix

To cut a file towards a blank matrix, it is necessary to create a matrix, to cut the file and then
to insert it in the blank matrix.
3.2.2.1 Creation of the matrix

You can use several methods to create a matrix :
- from a number of defined points
- from an existing matrix (or file)
- from a matrix to convert
- from the co-ordinates of the upper left corners and lower right corners and according to a
defined step
- from the co-ordinates of the four corners and according to a defined step
- from a list of files.
Procedures
Creation of the matrix : From No of Points option
This method is used when the user knows the coordinates of the upper left corner, the step,
the number of points in X and in Y and the limits of the area to cut.
1/ Select the Disc Options / Create Blank Matrix / From No of Points option (8 left button)
2/ Designate the path, the type of file (16 bit : .ic2 or .geo) and the name of the matrix to be
saved inside the following File loading box.
Validate by pressing the Enter key.
A dialog box opens :

3/ Indicate :
- the number of points in X : Nbpt X

(X-coordinate of the lower right corner - X-coordinate of the higher left corner / step)
- the number of points in Y : Nbpt Y
(Y-coordinate of the upper left corner - Y-coordinate of the lower right corner / step)
- the step in X and step in Y : Step X (m) and Step Y (m)
- the co-ordinates of the higher left corner : ulc X and ulc Y
You can inform the Info field (text comment various) and the Grid field (projection code).
4/ Run the creation of the matrix by clicking over the Create button. To cancel the operation,
click over the Cancel button.
A message box indicates the end of the process :
5/ Close the message box by clicking over the OK button.

The blank matrix is created.
Creation of the matrix : From Existing Matrix option

This method is used when a matrix has the same coordinates as the area to cut.
1/ Select the Disc Options / Create Blank Matrix / From Existing Matrix option (8 left
button)
2/ Designate the existing matrix (16 bit : .ic2 or .geo) from which the blank matrix has to be
created inside the following File loading box
3/ The Input Value box appears and allows the user to modify the step size of the matrix :
4/ Validate by clicking over the OK button. To cancel the operation, click over the Cancel
button.


Define :

Creation of the matrix : From Matrix to Convert option

This method is used when the coordinates of a matrix have to be converted compared to the
area to cut.
1/ Select the Disc Options / Create Blank Matrix / From Matrix to convert option
2/ Designate the existing matrix (16 bit : .ic2 or .geo) from which the blank matrix has to be
converted inside the following File loading box
3/ Define the step and the projection code to apply to the matrix in the following Calculate
Matrix box :

Validate and close the box by clicking over the OK button.
saved inside the following File loading box
5/ A dialog box opens :

This box confirms the coordinates of the higher left corner (ulc X and ulc Y) of the matrix
which has been automatically converted and the step in X and step in Y (Step X (m) and Step
Y (m)).
You can inform the Info field (text comment various) if necessary.
7/ A message box indicates the end of the process :

Creation of the matrix : From 2 Corners option

This method is used when the coordinates of the 2 corners and the step of the area to cut are
known.
1/ Select the Disc Options / Create Blank Matrix / From 2 Corners option (8 left button)
2/ The Calculate Matrix box opens :
Indicate :
- the step (Step X (m) and Step Y (m))

- the co-ordinates of the upper left corner : ulc X and ulc Y
- the co-ordinates of the lower right corner : lrc X and lrc Y.
Use the Convert button to convert the coordinates of the two corners from a cartographic grid
to another.
3/ Run the operation by clicking over the Create button.
To cancel the operation, click over the Cancel button.

This box gathers :
5/ Run the creation of the matrix (Create button) or cancel the operation (Cancel button).

Creation of the matrix : From 4 Corners option

This method is used when the the coordinates of the 4 corners and the step of the area to cut
are known.
1/ Select the Disc Options / Create Blank Matrix / From 4 Corners option (8 left button)
2/ The Four Corner Matrix box opens :

Indicate :
- the step (Step X (m) and Step Y (m))
- the co-ordinates of the upper left corner : ulc X and ulc Y
- the co-ordinates of the upper right corner : urc X and urc Y
- the co-ordinates of the lower right corner : lrc X and lrc Y
- the co-ordinates of the lower left corner : llc X and llc Y.
To create a matrix larger than the coordinates of these four points, enter the Extension factor
(%).
Use the Convert button to convert the coordinates of the four corners from a cartographic
grid to another.
3/ Run the operation by clicking over the Create button.
This box gathers :

You can inform the Info field (text comment various) and the Grid field (cartographic grid).
5/ Run the creation of the matrix by clicking over the Create button.

Creation of the matrix : From File List option

This method is used when the area to cut corresponds to a list of files.
1/ Select the Disc Options / Create Blank Matrix / From File List option (8 left button)
2/ Select the files from which the matrix will be created (press the Shift and Ctrl keys at the
same time to select several files) inside the following File loading box.
Validate by clicking over the OK button or cancel via the Cancel button.
This box gathers the information concerning the matrix :

4/ Run the creation of the matrix by clicking over the Create button.

3.2.2.2 Inserting the cutted file in the matrix

Once the blank matrix (.ic2 or .geo) is created, the file to cut can be inserted in it.

Procedures
1/ Select the Disc Options / Insert File function (8 left button)

2/ Select the blank matrix 16 bit (.ic2 or .geo) that has just been created in the following File
loading box
An insertion box displays the global matrix :
Desactivate the Insert all function by checking the box.

3/ Click over the button (8 left button)
The button allows to accede directly to a directory.
Designate inside the following File loading box the 16 bit file .ic2 or .geo to insert in the
matrix.
Red lines represent the contours of the file to insert inside the matrix :

4/ Run the insertion via the button.
The 16 bit file (.ic2 or .geo) is progressively inserted inside the matrix.
5/ Once the operation completed, close the box by clicking over the button.
The file is cutted and inserted in the matrix.

3.3 Resampling an existing DTM file
The altimetric file must be loaded into the active RAM memory. This allows for not only
faster calculation times, but also for working on small areas (lower than 0.3 Mb). To be
loaded into the active RAM memory, the DTM file has often to be re-sampled.
The re-sampling consists in reducing the size of the file by keeping one pixel out of every n
pixels (n being the reduction factor for the file). Of course, such a reduction will affect the
precision of the file since certain points from the original file will be ignored
Procedures
Resample an existing DTM file

1/ Select the Contour Treatment / Open Disk Session function
The following File loading box appears :
2/ Click over the Cancel button and select the DTM (.ic2 or .geo) to open in the following
File loading box.
The 16 bit file (.ic2 or .geo) appears on the screen.
3/ Select the tool by clicking (8 left button) directly over its icon.
The following dialogue box appears :
4/ Type the selected Resampling factor in its field.

Click in the Fill empty space checkbox.
Validate by clicking over the OK button.
5/ Designate the path and the name of the resampled file (.ic2 or .geo) in the following File
loading box.
6/ Run the resampling by clicking over the Save button.

7/ Close the box by clicking over the OK button.
The DTM file is resampled according to the factor defined.

Digital Terrain Models: 3.1 Loading of A DTM File

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3.

Digital Terrain Models

3.1 Loading of a DTM file

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

Visual display area of the DTM file

Coordinates under the cursor

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 20

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 21

3.2.1 The Scissors Tool

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

6/ Close the message box via the OK button.

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 22

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

3.2.2 Cutting of the DTM towards a Blank Matrix

3.2.2.1 Creation of the matrix

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 23

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

5/ Close the message box by clicking over the OK button.

Creation of the matrix : From Existing Matrix option

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7/ Close the message box by clicking over the OK button.

Creation of the matrix : From Matrix to Convert option

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8/ Close the message box by clicking over the OK button.

Creation of the matrix : From 2 Corners option

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6/ Close the message box by clicking over the OK button.

Creation of the matrix : From 4 Corners option

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 27

This box gathers :

6/ Close the message box by clicking over the OK button.

Creation of the matrix : From File List option

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

This box gathers the information concerning the matrix :

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 29

3.2.2.2 Inserting the cutted file in the matrix

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

1/ Select the Disc Options / Insert File function (8 left button)

Desactivate the Insert all function by checking the box.

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 30

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DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

4/ Type the selected Resampling factor in its field.

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 32

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS

ICS Map Server5.x - Use - Section 5 page 33

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