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whileLoop

Cprogrammingwhileanddo...whileLoop
Loops are used in programming to repeat a specific block of code. After reading this
tutorial, you will learn how to create a while and do...while loop in C programming.

Loopsareusedinprogrammingtorepeataspecificblockuntilsomeendconditionismet.There
arethreeloopsinCprogramming:

1.forloop
2.whileloop
3.do...whileloop

whileloop

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Thesyntaxofawhileloopis:

while(testExpression)
{
//codes
}

Howwhileloopworks?
Thewhileloopevaluatesthetestexpression.

Ifthetestexpressionistrue(nonzero),codesinsidethebodyofwhileloopisevaluated.Then,
againthetestexpressionisevaluated.Theprocessgoesonuntilthetestexpressionisfalse.

Whenthetestexpressionisfalse,thewhileloopisterminated.

Flowchartofwhileloop

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Example#1:whileloop

//Programtofindfactorialofanumber
//Forapositiveintegern,factorial=1*2*3...n

#include<stdio.h>
intmain()
{
intnumber;
longlongfactorial;

printf("Enteraninteger:");
scanf("%d",&number);

factorial=1;

//loopterminateswhennumberislessthanorequalto0
while(number>0)
{
factorial*=number;//factorial=factorial*number;
number;
}

printf("Factorial=%lld",factorial);

return0;
}

Output

Enteraninteger:5
Factorial=120

Tolearnmoreontestexpression(whentestexpressionisevaluatedtononzero(true)and0
(false)),checkoutrelationalandlogicaloperators.

do...whileloop
Thedo..whileloopissimilartothewhileloopwithoneimportantdifference.Thebodyof
do...whileloopisexecutedonce,beforecheckingthetestexpression.Hence,thedo...while
loopisexecutedatleastonce.

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do...whileloopSyntax

do
{
//codes
}
while(testExpression);

Howdo...whileloopworks?
Thecodeblock(loopbody)insidethebracesisexecutedonce.

Then,thetestexpressionisevaluated.Ifthetestexpressionistrue,theloopbodyisexecuted
again.Thisprocessgoesonuntilthetestexpressionisevaluatedto0(false).

Whenthetestexpressionisfalse(nonzero),thedo...whileloopisterminated.

Example#2:do...whileloop

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//Programtoaddnumbersuntiluserenterszero

#include<stdio.h>
intmain()
{
doublenumber,sum=0;

//loopbodyisexecutedatleastonce
do
{
printf("Enteranumber:");
scanf("%lf",&number);
sum+=number;
}
while(number!=0.0);

printf("Sum=%.2lf",sum);

return0;
}

Output

Enteranumber:1.5
Enteranumber:2.4
Enteranumber:3.4
Enteranumber:4.2
Enteranumber:0
Sum=4.70

Tolearnmoreontestexpression(whentestexpressionisevaluatedtononzero(true)and0
(false)),checkoutrelationalandlogicaloperators.

Checkouttheseexamplestolearnmore:

CProgramtoCheckWhetheraCharacterisVowelorConsonant
CProgramtoCalculatetheSumofNaturalNumbers
CProgramtoDisplayFibonacciSequence

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