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Alyssa Ballard

Debra Jizi

U-WRT 1104

9 April 2017

Annotated Bibliography

Anonymous. "Breast Cancer." The Physicians Committee. N.p., 06 Mar. 2017. Web. 28 Mar. 2017.

<https://www.pcrm.org/health/cancer-resources/diet-cancer/type/breast-cancer>.

Diet seems to play an important role when it comes to prevention of breast cancer. Research

shows that people who have a low-fat diet has a 24 percent reduction rate in recurrence than people with

high fat intake. Animal fat that comes from red meat and dairy products are huge factors in an increased

risk from breast cancer. Foods that belong in the cabbage related category contain a compound called

sulforaphane which can help reduce the growth of breast cancer cells.

I find it surprising that food can play a factor in the chances of someone getting breast cancer.

This article relates to my topic because it talks about different kinds of food that can put you at a high risk

for cancer and talks about research theyve done to prove it. It also mentions certain foods that could also

stop the growth in breast cancer cells which is a bonus in my perspective.

There are many ways to prove this is a creditable article. Throughout the article, there are

citations of where they received their information. Other than the citations, the website ends with .org,

which means its a site that is listed as reliable. One of the last things that proves this source is credible is

the fact that its written by a committee of physicians. Their board members all have their doctor of

medicine degrees. The president of the Physicians Committee, Neal Barnard, received his degree at

George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences. He has also conducted in

research in diets. Besides research, Dr. Barnard has published 70 scientific publications along with 18

books.
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Waldholz, M. (2003, Dec 23). Teen exercise may prevent breast cancer; even a little regular activity can

significantly lower risk later in a woman's life. Wall Street Journal Retrieved from

https://librarylink.uncc.edu/login?

url=http://search.proquest.com.librarylink.uncc.edu/docview/398856776?accountid=14605

A majority of breast cancer tumors show up in women right after pregnancy in their duct cells.

Its important for female teenagers to exercise every now and then to help lower estrogen levels in the

body. High estrogen levels can lead to breast cancer. Since teenage girls are still developing, low estrogen

levels are recommended while the breast are still growing. Women who are post-menopausal are still

being advised to exercise because fat cells can contain estrogen. Lowering the amount of fat cells you

have by exercising helps lower estrogen levels. Studies show that there is a 24% less likely chance a

woman who works out four hours for 12 years or more to get breast cancer.

All the information in this article really surprised me. I never knew estrogen levels could either

save you or break you when it comes to breast cancer. I never really associated estrogen levels with

exercise but this article made it clear. The article clearly relates to my topic because it talks about how

exercise can help prevent someone from getting breast cancer, especially young women.

This article mentions studies that were conducted from Dr. Leslie Bernstein, who is a researcher from the

University of Southern California. Dr. Bernstein has received various awards like Scientific Leadership

Award, National Breast Cancer Coalition in 2014, AACR-Prevent Cancer Foundation Award for

Excellence in Cancer Prevention Research in 2007, Rosalind E. Franklin Award, National Cancer Institute

in 2010, and several more. Michael Waldholz wrote this article while working for the Wall Street Journal.

He had five articles that won the Pulitzer and also he had won awards from the National Association of

Science Writers. Waldholz also has a published book called Curing Cancer. The article is a very reliable

source.

Mokbel K. Breast cancer prevention. The British Journal of General Practice. 2002;52(485):972-973.

Things like drinking alcohol a lot can increase chances of getting breast cancer by 15%. Also,

since estrogen plays a huge part in breast cancer, oral contraceptive pills (OCP) can also increase your
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chances. Studies show that females that have breast who use OCP have a less severe case than women

who have never used OCP. There have been many different types of medicines and hormones that have

been researched and tested but the results havent been clear enough to say if they can help prevent breast

cancer or not. Also women who are at a high risk for cancer can reduce their risk 87% to 90% if they get a

prophylactic mastectomy.

I take oral contraceptive pills and it surprised me that they help with breast cancer but they also

increase your chances of getting breast cancer. I need even considered to put alcohol into the mix of

things, and its shocking that it does increase chances by 15%. This article relates to my topic because it

add more information on things to avoid so you dont increase your chances of getting breast cancer.

Kefah Mokbel has a very impressive background. Not only is he a lead breast surgeon at London

Breast Institute, he is also a professor of breast cancer surgery at Brunel Institute of Cancer Genetics and

Pharmacogenomics, which is also in London. His achievements range from being on of the top breast

surgeons on 2006 and 2007 to being voted as one of Britains best top doctors. Professor Mokbel also

founded Breast Cancer Hope which is a charity in the United Kingdom.

"8 Ways to Prevent Breast Cancer - Take Control." Siteman Cancer Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2017.

<https://siteman.wustl.edu/prevention/take-proactive-control/8-ways-to-prevent-breast-cancer/>.

Staying healthy is a key to preventing breast cancer, like watching your weight, exercising, as

well as eating better. Avoiding postmenopausal hormones and talking drugs like tamoxifen and raloxifene

can help lower your risk of getting breast cancer. Although there are things you can do to help prevent

yourself from getting breast cancer, there are some things that arent controllable like age, height, dense

breast, and your family history.

The only thing about this article I learned was that there are certain drugs/medication that can

help prevent breast cancer. Those medications arent made for everyone though, considering the side

effects. This article connects to my inquiry because it informs the reader about what things they can do to

prevent breast cancer and things that arent in their control.

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Even though this source is a website, it is still a trustworthy source. This source comes from

Siteman Cancer center, which is one of the largest research centers in the United States. They partner with

Washington University School of Medicine, who is rated top 5 in the nation. They also partner with

Barnes-Jewish Hospital, who was voted to have the Best Doctors in America.

Hampton T. Breast Cancer Prevention Strategies Explored. JAMA. 2006;295(18):2128-2129.

doi:10.1001/jama.295.18.2128

Sunshine and Cox-2 inhibitors could also decrease your risk of getting breast cancer. When you

get sunshine, you also get vitamin D which is the main focus they are talking about. People who do yard

work and do outdoor activities can lower the risk of getting breast cancer by 10%. You can also get

vitamin D from foods as well, not only the sun. After surveying women with and without breast cancer,

the results ended up showing that taking Cox-2 inhibitors like aspirin, have a lower risk of breast cancer.

This article surprised me because I always heard to protect yourself from the sun because you

could get skin cancer. Now, some sun is good because of the vitamin D, and could lower your risk of

getting breast cancer. The Cox-2 inhibitors still confused me.

This is a reliable source because the author of this article is Tracy Hampton. Hampton has a

bachelor's degree in biology as well as a PhD in Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics from University of

Alabama at Birmingham. She has various experience in biomedical research and has a lot of education in

cancer genetics and immunology.