PDE Standard Area CC.1.

4:
Writing
Students write for different purposes and audiences. Students write
clear and focused text to convey a well-defined perspective and
appropriate content.
 GRADE K Opinion Informative
Purpose Use a combination of drawing, Use a combination of drawing,
dictating, and writing to compose dictating, and writing to compose
opinion pieces on familiar topics. informative/ explanatory texts.
Focus Form an opinion by choosing between Use a combination of drawing,
two given topics. dictating, and writing to focus on one
specific topic.
Content Support the opinion with reasons. With prompting and support, generate
ideas and details to convey information
that relates to the chosen topic.
Organization Make logical connections between Group information and provide some
drawing and writing. sense of closure. Make logical
connections between drawing and
dictation/writing.
Style With prompting and support, illustrate
using details and dictate/write using
descriptive words.
Narrative
Use a combination of drawing,
dictating, and writing to compose
narratives that describe real or
imagined experiences or events.
Establish who and what the narrative
will be about.
Describe experiences and events.
Recount a single event or several
loosely linked events, tell about the
events in the order in which they
occurred, and provide a reaction to
what happened.
 GRADE 1 Opinion Informative Narrative
Purpose Write opinion pieces on familiar topics. Write informative/ explanatory texts to Write narratives to develop real or
examine a topic and convey ideas and imagined experiences or events.
information.
Focus Form an opinion by choosing among Identify and write about one specific Establish who and what the narrative
given topics. topic. will be about.

Content Support the opinion with reasons Develop the topic with two or more Include thoughts and feelings to
related to the opinion. facts. describe experiences and events.

Organization Create an organizational structure that
includes reasons and provides some
sense of closure.
Style Use a variety of words and phrases.
Group information and provide some
sense of closure.
Choose words and phrases for effect.
Recount two or more appropriately
sequenced events using temporal
words to signal event order and
provide some sense of closure.
Use a variety of words and phrases.
 GRADE 2 Opinion Informative Narrative
Purpose Write opinion pieces on familiar topics Write informative/ explanatory texts to Write narratives to develop real or
or texts. examine a topic and convey ideas and imagined experiences or events.
information clearly.
Focus Identify the topic and state an opinion. Identify and introduce the topic. Establish a situation and introduce a
narrator and/or characters.

Content Support the opinion with reasons that
include details connected to the
opinion.
Organization Create an organizational structure that
includes reasons and includes a
concluding statement.
Style Use a variety of words and phrases to
appeal to the audience.
Develop the topic with [several] facts
and/or definitions.
Group information and provide a
concluding statement or section.
Choose words and phrases for effect.
Include thoughts and feelings to
describe experiences and events to
show the response of characters to
situations.
Organize a short sequence of events,
using temporal words to signal event
order; provide a sense of closure.
Choose words and phrases for effect.
 GRADE 3 Opinion Informative Narrative
Purpose Write opinion pieces on familiar topics Write informative/ explanatory texts to Write narratives to develop real or
or texts. examine a topic and convey ideas and imagined experiences or events.
information clearly.
Focus Introduce the topic and state an Identify and introduce the topic. Establish a situation and introduce a
opinion on the topic. narrator and/or characters.

Content Support an opinion with reasons.
Organization Create an organizational structure that
includes reasons linked in a logical
order with a concluding statement or
section.
Style Use a variety of words and sentence
types to appeal to the audience.
Develop the topic with facts,
definitions, details, and illustrations,
as appropriate.
Create an organizational structure
that includes information grouped
and connected logically with a
concluding statement or section.
Choose words and phrases for effect.
Use dialogue and descriptions of
actions, thoughts, and feelings to
develop experiences and events or
show the response of characters to
situations.
Organize an event sequence that
unfolds naturally, using temporal
words and phrases to signal event
order; provide a sense of closure.
Choose words and phrases for effect.
 GRADE 4 Opinion
Purpose Write opinion pieces on familiar topics
or texts.
Focus Introduce the topic and state an
opinion on the topic.
Content Provide reasons that are supported by
facts and details.
Organization Create an organizational structure that
includes related ideas grouped to
support the writers purpose and
linked in a logical order with a
concluding statement or section
related to the opinion.
Style Choose words and phrases to convey
ideas precisely.
Informative
Write informative/ explanatory texts to
examine a topic and convey ideas and
information clearly.
Identify and introduce the topic clearly.
Develop the topic with facts,
definitions, concrete details,
quotations, or other information and
examples related to the topic; include
illustrations and multimedia when
useful to aiding comprehension.
Group related information in
paragraphs and sections, linking ideas
within categories of information using
words and phrases; provide a
concluding statement or section;
include formatting when useful to
aiding comprehension.
Use precise language and domain-
specific vocabulary to inform about or
explain the topic.
Narrative
Write narratives to develop real or
imagined experiences or events.
Orient the reader by establishing a
situation and introducing a narrator
and/or characters.
Use dialogue and descriptions to
develop experiences and events or
show the responses of characters to
situations; use concrete words and
phrases and sensory details to convey
experiences and events precisely.
Organize an event sequence that
unfolds naturally, using a variety of
transitional words and phrases to
manage the sequence of events;
provide a conclusion that follows from
the narrated experiences and events.
Choose words and phrases to convey
ideas precisely.
 GRADE 5 Opinion
Purpose Write opinion pieces on topics or texts.
Focus Introduce the topic and state an opinion
on the topic.
Content Provide reasons that are supported by
facts and details; draw from credible
sources.
Organization Create an organizational structure that
includes related ideas grouped to support
the writers purpose; link opinion and
reasons using words, phrases, and
clauses; provide a concluding statement
or section related to the opinion.
Style Write with an awareness of style. Use
sentences of varying length. Expand,
combine, and reduce sentences for
meaning, reader/listener interest, and
style.
Informative
Write informative/ explanatory texts to
examine a topic and convey ideas and
information clearly.
Identify and introduce the topic clearly.
Develop the topic with facts, definitions,
concrete details, quotations, or other
information and examples related to the
topic; include illustrations and multimedia
when useful to aiding comprehension.
Group related information logically
linking ideas within and across categories
of information using words, phrases, and
clauses; provide a concluding statement
or section; include formatting when useful
to aiding comprehension.
Write with an awareness of style. Use
sentences of varying length. Use
precise language and domain-specific
vocabulary to inform about or explain the
topic.
Narrative
Write narratives to develop real or
imagined experiences or events.
Orient the reader by establishing a
situation and introducing a narrator and/or
characters.
Use narrative techniques such as
dialogue, description, and pacing, to
develop experiences and events or show
the responses of characters to situations;
use concrete words and phrases and
sensory details to convey experiences and
events precisely.
Organize an event sequence that unfolds
naturally, using a variety of transitional
words and phrases to manage the
sequence of events; provide a conclusion
that follows from the narrated
experiences and events.
Write with an awareness of style. Use
sentences of varying length. Expand,
combine, and reduce sentences for
meaning, reader/listener interest, and
style.