Tenses

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Present Simple

The present tense is the
base form of the verb:
I live in New Delhi.
But the third person
(he/she/it) adds an -s: She
lives in New Delhi.

be drive do go
I am drive do go
You are drive does goes
He/she/it is drives do go
We are drive do go
You are drive do go
They are drive do go

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Present Simple Tense:
Simple Present is used to express the idea that an action is repeated or usually. The
action is usually a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that
often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do.

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Present Continuous

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 Present Perfect
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 Present Perfect
This tense is used for temporary situations, when something won't continue
for a long time:
Jessie is travelling to Nairobi for a month.
I'm staying in Toronto for a few months.
Mark working at an airport as a flight dispatcher until he finds a job in his field.
I'm reading a really great book.

Things changing Slowly

Kids are becoming smarter nowadays.
India is developing fast.
The weather is improving.
The pollution is increasing quickly.
The forests are being cut down rapidly.

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Past simple

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 Past simple

Habit in Past with past simple and used to

I visited my grandmother in summer vacations.
I used to visit my grandmother in summer vacations.
I went to watch a movie every Saturday when I was in college.
I used to go to watch a movie every Saturday when I was in college.
I swam in the river that flowed by my village in my childhood.
I used to swim in the river that flowed by my village in my childhood.

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Past continuous

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past Perfect

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Why do we past Perfect
When we talk about something that happened in the past we sometimes want to refer back to something that
happened before that time. We can use thepast perfecttense (had + past participle) to do this.

Look at these two sentences.

Perry left the office at 16:30 yesterday evening.
Percy rang Perrys doorbell at 8:15 yesterday.
Both actions happened in the past so we use the past simple tense. But look at how we can combine the
sentences.
Percy called on Perrys desk phone at 17:15 yesterday but Perry had already left the office.
We use the past perfect (had left) because the action happened before another action in the past (Percy
called on the desk phone.)

Look at some more examples of the past perfect.

When Mrs Brown locked the door of her house she realized she had forgotten the keys to her car.
I got a letter from Brittany last week. Wed been at university together but we had lost touch with each other.
The past perfect is used because they were at school before he received the letter. It refers to an earlier past.

Look at these 2 sentences.

Mom had cooked breakfast when we got up.
Mom cooked breakfast when we got up.
In the first sentence, the past perfect tells us that Mom cooked breakfast before we got up. In the second
sentence, first we got up and then Mom cooked breakfast

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Past Perfect Tense

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Present Perfect Continuous

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Past Perfect Continuous

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Simple Future

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Simple Future

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Simple Future

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