Tender Submission Review

Tender Submission Review
Company Name: SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd.

Client: EMPACT
Project: Mars Rover
Date: 06/05/2017
Written By: Sophia Chung Ya Ze
Designing Company Tendering Companies
SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Brumalindesh Elicturus Nikola

Tech
Designers Designers Designers Designers

1. Chong Li 1. Ken Thian 1. Clara 1. Nikhita Kolloju
2. Christina Lee Hui Jun 2. Simran Kaur 2. Jonathan 2. Wong Wan Wen
3. Sophia Chung Ya Ze 3. Andrew Sherard
Ocampo Dela Cruz
Contractors Contractors Contractors Contractors
1. Jane Sii Xiao Jean 1. Ezra Jayasuriya 1. Lee Zong Jin 1. Joseph Yu Jet Chong
2. Carlthan Fadey 2. Muhammad 2. Samuel Chan 2. Tyler Liew Yuk Sang
3. Thiha Kyawswar Rizky Ramadhan Chia King 3. Ahmad Nazhif
3. A N M Ariz Mohamad
1
Executive Summary
This reports consists of the review of three different tenders that have been submitted
to the invitation to tender that SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. released as a representative of EMPACT.
Each tender has been studied and evaluated according to the Tender Evaluation Criteria
(TEC). Skytrain Sdn. Bhd. has set 5 varying criteria in order to review the individual tenders,
the maximum score each tender can achieve is 30 marks. A recommendation of the winning
tenderer will be given to the company that can best satisfy the criteria.
After analysing all three tenders received, Skytrain Sdn. Bhd. has made a decision that
Nikola will be the winning tenderer. The total marks awarded, out of 30 points, for each
tender is as follows:
Company (Tenderer) Total Marks out of 30
Brumalindesh Tech 15
Elicturus 18
Nikola 27
Brumalindesh Tech delivered an unsatisfactorily edited tender with inconsistent

format mainly closing to the end of the document. However, there is one main proficiency
that stands out in Brumalindesh Tech which is their effective communication skills in English.
Aside from that, other criteria were not sufficiently met by this company. As there is no
evident time-management of project progression made by this company, SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd.
find it difficult to entrust Brumalindesh Tech with our designs. Also, the lack of certificates
and understanding of our designs shows the incapability of this company to meet our standard
qualifications and professionalism. Also, it is clear to us that Brumalindesh Tech have
completed their tender submission last minute as the last criterion of cost and resource
management is missing from the answering of our evaluation criteria. These qualities of a
company is highly unsuitable to meet the clients demands.
Elicturus submitted a well-edited, neat tender. This company shows adequate

communication skills by replying texts and emails on time and the contractors can be seen to
have good project management skills as well. Elicturus contractors are proactive in seeking
for consultations and prepares beforehand for the agendas. However, this company has a
substandard management of time and costs which raises worries to SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd..
These qualities show that the possibility of our prototype being over-budget and incomplete
on the deadline is high and this is extremely undesirable. Other than that, it is a concern that
the contractors of Elicturus do not have the qualifications to take on our designs as only one
incoherent evidence of an image of a wind turbine is not quite to our standards of
qualifications. Ultimately, working with this company may lead to settling for a second-rated
project and causing some losses to the client.
Nikola presented a comprehensive tender submission supported with exceptional

evidences to prove that the company has the capability to complete this project efficiently.
The submitted tender answered and satisfied every tender criterion set by SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd.,
2
with our exception. Nikola has only failed to produce adequate certificates and relevant past
projects to determine the qualifications of the company to complete our project. However
with the companys outstanding communication skills, professionalism and time and cost
management skills, SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. considers Nikola as the most fitting and capable of
completing our prototype design with the slightest problems.
Several issues in the designs were called up to discussion with the tendering
companies. One of which was identical with all three companies was the materials of the car
axles. Individually, Brumalindesh Tech had concerns regarding the materials of the car body
and the cargo dimensions while Elicturus has issues with the ability of our wheels to roll
freely and the height of the car and Nikola worries on the sturdiness of our tyre materials.
SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. were pleased to address these problems with rational thinking and agreed
on some appropriate changes such as the addition of rubber band on the tyres and the
replacement of wooden axles to metal axles. Certain suitable adjustments to the dimensions
are also accepted to be amended upon construction. As for the materials of our car body and
tyres, SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. are confident in the sustainability of the materials. Our designers
have built the prototype and found no difficulty in the challenges faced.
SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. was astonished by the professionalism and dedication portrayed
by Nikola, and bearing in mind of their total marks of 27 out of 30, we would like to
recommend Nikola as the winning tenderer of this project. Brumalindesh Techs carelessness
on answering the evaluation criteria and incoherent tender submission leaves us to foresee an
unprecise and unfavourable outcome of the prototype. We also have our concerns on the
employment of company Elicturus due to the lack of qualifications provided. It is worrisome
particularly in the stage of construction that Elicturus, due to the lack of qualifications, will
be unable to comprehend our designs well and therefore resulting in an adverse outcome on
the prototype.
3
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction....7
2.0 Response to Concerns and Solutions.8
3.0 Tender Review Summary..9
4.0 Tender Review
4.1 Time Management..10-11
4.2 Communication..12-13
4.3 Qualification...14-15
4.4 Professionalism..16-17
4.5 Cost and Resources18-19
5.0 Summary..20
6.0 Appendix A SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Stage 1 Design Package.22-68
7.0 Appendix B Brumalindesh Tech Tender Submission.69-93
8.0 Appendix C Elicturus Tender Submission94-119
9.0 Appendix D Nikola Tender Submission.120-158
4
List of Tables
Table 1: Allocated Marks for Tenderers ................................................................................................. 7
Table 2: Tender Evaluation Matrix ......................................................................................................... 9
5
List of Diagrams
Diagram 1: Time Management ............................................................................................................. 10
Diagram 2: Communication .................................................................................................................. 12
Diagram 3: Qualification ...................................................................................................................... 14
Diagram 4: Professionalism .................................................................................................................. 16
Diagram 5: Costing and Resources ....................................................................................................... 18
6
1.0 Introduction
This report consists of the review of tenders that have been submitted to the invitation
to tender that SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. released on behalf of EMPACT. The tenders were
reviewed in accordance to the 3.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria inside SkyTrains design
package as provided in appendix A, from page 52 to 58. The tenderer with the highest points
will be recommended as that company has the greatest capability to satisfy the criteria as laid
out.
After analysing each submitted tenders, SkyTrain has decided that the winning
tenderer is Nikola. The awarded marks, out of 30 points, for each tender are as follows:
Company (Tenderer) Total Marks
Brumalindesh Tech 15
Elicturus 18
Nikola 27
Table 1: Allocated Marks for Tenderers
This report outlines the response to the improvement suggestions to our original
designs and SkyTrains tender evaluation criteria followed by the response from the tenderers
and then the review of the tenderers response for each of the three separate tenders. Each
review given will be resulted in a mark for each criterion. For each separate tender, the marks
given for all five criteria will be added up to a total mark and three companies will be ranked
accordingly from the highest to the lowest. The company with the highest marks will be
considered as the final winning tenderer.
7
2.0 Response to Concerns and Solutions
Several issues in the designs were called up to discussion with the tendering
companies. One of which was identical with all three companies was the axles of the car.
Brumalindesh Tech suggested to replace them with 2B pencils while Elicturus and Nikola
had suggested to have metal rods replacing the wooden chopsticks. We find it understandable
as during our designing stage it was tested with wooden chopsticks and after about the 10th
testing, the axles broke. SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. accepted to change the wooden chopsticks to
metal rods as Nikola had justified that metal rods are only RM1.70 per inch.
Individually, Brumalindesh Tech commented on the materials used for our car body.
SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. are confident in the use of the 5mm-thick cardboards as the car body
materials as we have tested and validated the sustainability of the material through multiple
trials of testing. The dimensions of the cargo has also been brought up to discussion due to its
larger size in comparison with the 600ml load water bottle. SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. believes that
it may be adjusted to the dimensions of the actual water bottle in order to allow the weight to
maintain at an allocated position.
Elicturus has suggested two separate amendments to be reviewed, one of which is the
addition of rubber bands on the tyres. SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. accepts this suggestion as the
surface of the soft drink cans may be too smooth to roll freely on its own, thus the addition of
rubber bands can increase friction in order to allow the tyres to roll easily on the slope.
Another amendment is for the decrease in height of the prototype. Our original prototype
design is approximately 180mm and Elicturus proposed that it should be reduced to 120mm
in total to ensure stability of the car. This proposal is also accepted by SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. as
we believe that the reduction of height can aid in the potential of the car landing on its set of
wheels after the vertical drop from the slope.
As for Nikola, this company has provided us with another recommendation to

improve the designs which is the change of materials for our car tyres. Nikola has suggested
that the soft drink tins be replaced with nylon discs. However, SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. is certain
that the aluminium cans are sturdy enough to withstand the pressure due to the vertical drop
of 1m as we have already tested the strength of the cans by applying high pressure on them,
i.e. throwing them onto hard surfaces multiple times. Although nylon discs are good
replacements as tyres as well, we believe that with this change, the whole design dimensions
should be rethought and completely redesigned due to the much larger size as compared to
the tins. Thus since the aluminium tins are sufficient enough to act as the tyres, we do not
accept this amendment.
In reflection of the concerns outlines by each contracting company, SkyTrain Sdn.

Bhd. has provided our constructive feedback and considered the appropriate suggestion to be
taken to action. Some accepted changes were not made on the latest design package as they
were not mentioned during our previous meetings but added on the tender submissions. These
amendments may be done upon construction as approved.
8
3.0 Tender Review Summary
The marking for the three different submitted tenders are summarized in the following
table:
Criteria Details Brumalindesh Elicturus Nikola
Tech
Time - Attends meetings on time. 3 3 6
Management - Early or on time submission
of required documents.
- Complete project 2 days
before the deadline.
Communicatio - Replies messages within 4 6 6 6
n Hours.
- Communicate in English and
expresses ideas clearly.
- Arrange meetings
Proactively.
Qualification - Provide relevant certificates 3 0 3
or images of relative past
projects.
Professionalis - Understands client demand. 3 6 6
m - Provide rational suggestions
for the design.
- Good management of
project.
- Understands design well.
Costing and - Provide cost pricing of 0 3 6
Resources materials from at least 3
different stores.
- Construction cost of less
than the estimated of
RM9.80.
- Using mostly recyclable
materials for the prototype.
Total Marks out of 30 15 18 27
Table 2: Tender Evaluation Matrix
9
4.0 Tender Review
4.1 Time Management
Diagram 1: Time Management (SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Stage 1 Design Package, located under 3.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria, page 53.)
10
A. Brumalindesh Tech
Brumalindesh Tech has shown evidence in their ability to be punctual for meetings by
presenting the minutes of meetings as attached in Appendix B1 of their tender submission,
page 81 to 84. It is also believed that the contractors of Brumalindesh Tech can be on time for
submission of documents as their contractor was able to send them to us through emails,
which should have been screenshotted and provided in the appendices of their tender
submission. As for their capability of completing the prototype 2 days before the deadline, we,
SkyTrain, have our doubts as there is no visual proof that they have the ability to do so. It
was mentioned that a gantt chart should be created and included in the appendices. Therefore,
Brumalindesh Tech is only awarded with 3 marks due to the absence of a clearly stated
requirement, a gantt chart.
B. Elicturus
Elicturus shows agreement towards this criterion and believes that time management
is does play an important role in achieving success in a project. It is evident that the
contractors of Elicturus is punctual to meetings as shown in appendix D of their tender
submission, page 116. Also, they are also able to submit the required documents to our
designers at SkyTrain through whatsapp as proven in appendix E, page 117. However, they
are missing an important requirement on this criterion which is a gantt chart. With the
absence of a gantt chart, our designers are unable to have a visual understanding of how
Elicturus can complete our prototype time-efficiently and on time. Due to the insufficient
evidence, Elicturus will be given only 3 marks for this criterion.
C. Nikola
Nikola excels in this criterion desirably as they have satisfied every requirement as set
out by SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd.. They have proven that they can attend meetings punctually
through the minutes of meetings provided in appendix A1 and appendix A2 of their tender
submission, page 137 through 141. We have also received our required documents from
Nikola on time as can be seen in appendix E Record of Email, page 151. SkyTrain Sdn.
Bhd. finds confidence in company Nikolas capability to complete our designs before the
deadline as it is proven in their weekly progress reports in appendix B1 and appendix B2,
page 142 through 147, that they are always meeting the deadlines with their tasks. They have
also created and provided us with a gantt chart of their estimated timeframe to complete our
design prototype. As Nikola has evidently satisfied our requirements on this criterion, we will
be rewarding them with the highest mark of 6.
11
4.2 Communication
Diagram 2: Communication (SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Stage 1 Design Package, located under 3.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria, page 54.)
12
It is understood that Brumalindesh Tech is a company built up on people from

different countries around the world and SkyTrain trusts that they do have adequate
communication skills in order to maintain a harmonious environment in their company.
Evidence of Brumalindesh Techs contractor, Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan, having
proactively arranging for a meeting and messaging and replying our designer, Christina Lee,
within 4 hours has been provided in appendix C1 of their tender submission, page 88 to 89.
Their contractor also satisfies this criterion further as he has been communicating in English
well, which can be seen in appendix C1, page 88 to 89, and in the part of the discussions in
their minutes of meetings provided in appendix B2, page 85 to 87. We believe that
Brumalindesh Tech deserves 6 marks for this criterion as they have clearly provided us with
sufficient evidence of effective communication.
B. Elicturus
Elicturus believes in the need for communication between all personnel relating to a
certain project as well. Proof of them taking charge of planning for meetings between
Elicturus and SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. can be seen in their tender submission under appendix D
on page 116. It can also be seen through the messages screenshotted in appendix D, page 116,
and appendix E, page 117, that they do reply within 4 hours of receiving a message. Also, in
their minutes of meetings provided in appendix C, pages 114 and 115, and the whatsapp chats
in appendix D on page 116 and appendix E on page 117, Elicturus can be trusted to
communicate in English fairly well with our designers from SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd.. With the
provided evidence by Elicturus on their effective communication skills, we have decided that
Elicturus will be rewarded will full marks of 6.
C. Nikola
In appendix D of Nikolas tender submission, it is shown that they can communicate

with the designers of SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. in English sufficiently well to express ideas clearly.
It is also known that the contractor of Nikola did arrange for two separate meetings, to
discuss on the issues arising from the design package, during tuition free week and it can be
proven through their minutes of meetings in appendix A1 and appendix A2, pages 137
through 141. In the screenshots of whatsapp chats in appendix D on page 150 and the
screenshots of emails in appendix E on page 151, it is proven that Nikola does reply our
designers within 4 hours of receiving messages from us. It is clearly shown in the appendices
of Nikolas tender submission that they do have effect communication skills, therefore we
will be rewarding them with a score of 6 marks on this criterion.
13
4.3 Qualification
Diagram 3: Qualification (SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Stage 1 Design Package, located under 3.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria, page 55.)
14
Brumalindesh Techs Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan has provided us with his

Certificate of Completion for Foundation in Engineering and Science Stream in appendix C2,
pages 90 and 91. Thus it is evident that this specific member has the basic knowledge to take
on our designs. SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. has acknowledged that certain members, named
Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan (Contractor) and Ken Thian Yi Zhi (Designer), of
Brumalindesh Tech have accomplished 2nd place in a Physics Project Fair held by Curtin
University Malaysia with Rizky being the leader of their team. A photo of them and the
outcome of their project has been captured and placed on appendix C3 of their tender
submission on pages 92 and 93. With this evidence, it is proven that these two personnel have
the qualifications to complete the prototype with high standards. However, we require an
addition of four more certificates and one more past project in hopefulness that the
construction of our designs can run smoothly with qualified contractors. With the partial
evidence provided on Brumalindesh Techs qualifications, 3 marks will be given to them on
this criterion.
B. Elicturus
The capability of the contractors, from company Elicturus, to complete our designs on
the mars rover prototype are being questioned by SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd.. As Elicturus has only
provided us with a photo of one past project in appendix B on page 113 a wind turbine
constructed by their contractor, while quite impressive, is not sufficient to fulfil this
criterions requirements. There are also no relevant certificates such as Certificate of
Completion or Academic Transcripts provided in their appendices. With the absence of this
criterions demands, Elicturus is not one that SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. can entrust with our designs
and regretfully resulting in 0 marks for this criterion.
C. Nikola
SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. have received the information that Nikolas contractors are
experienced in another relatively similar project of building a prototype. A certificate of
recognition that was presented to contractor, Liew Yuk Sang, in recognition of his
achievement of 2nd place in a Physics Project Fair held by Curtin University Sarawak proves
that this contractor has the capability to complete our project successfully. The mentioned
certificate can be referred to in their tender submission in appendix F on page 152. Other than
that, a drawn diagram and images of his past project was provided in appendix G on pages
153 and 154, this ensures us that their contractor truly created the circuit and completed it
with deep understanding. However with the actual requirements of 5 certificates and 2 past
projects, only 3 marks will be awarded to Nikola as there is only partial evidence on their
qualifications.
15
4.4 Professionalism
Diagram 4: Professionalism (SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Stage 1 Design Package, located under 3.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria, page 56.)
16
Brumalindesh Tech portrays professionalism as one of the most influencial aspects in
determining a projects outcome. In their tender submission, part 2.2 Client Brief Compliance
on pages 75 to 77, it is provided a detailed summary of the main parts of the client brief. This
provides us with evidence that they are clearly aware of the client EMPACTs demands for
the prototype. With this understanding, Brumalindesh Techs contractor has provided
SkyTrain with several concerns and solutions, in 2.3 Concerns and Solutions, pages 77 and
78, and their minutes of meetings in appendix B2 on pages 85 through 87, in hopes to further
improve our designs. In part 2.1 Understanding of Design on pages 73 and 74, our design has
been explained through a 197 words paragraph. In this paragraph, the construction and
procedures have been vaguely summarized which gives us the impression of a partial
understanding in the designs. Therefore, only 3 marks will be rewarded to Brumalindesh
Tech in this criterion.
B. Elicturus
SkyTrain believes that company Elicturus contractors do have a clear understanding
of the client brief and our designs as it is specifically summarized in their tender submission
on part 2.1 Analysis of Prototype Design, pages 99 through 104, and 2.2 Client Brief
Compliances, pages 104 through 106. With these clear understandings, Elicturus was able to
provide rational improvements towards our designs as provided in 2.3 Concerns and
Solutions on page 106, and their minute of meetings in Appendix C, page 114 to 115. Also, in
appendix D on page 116, it can be seen that the contractor from Elicturus is proactively
arranging a meeting and in appendix E on page 117, that this contractor seeks for constructive
feedback from his work. Aside from that, in part 3.1 Time Management, pages 130 through
132, of Elicturus answer to our evaluation criteria, it can be seen that the contractor had been
well prepared for our meeting by preparing the agendas beforehand and addressing them
during the meeting. This can be proven through the minutes of meetings in appendix C, on
pages 114 and 115. With these qualities, SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. believe that Elicturus can
manage a project well. Seeing that Elicturus has completely achieved our requirements, for
this criterion, 6 marks will be awarded to them.
C. Nikola
Nikolas tender submission consists of a summary of the client brief in appendix H on
page 155. This is a short summary consisting of 279 words which clearly outlines the clients
demands. This shows that Nikola puts in effort to understand and satisfy the actual demands
of the prototype. In part 3.4 Professionalism on pages 130 through 132, it is proven that they
understand our designs adequately well with a specific and detailed summary of our designs
construction and procedures. As for proving their project management skills, they has already
provided us with an estimated timeframe of the project progression on appendix C, pages 148
and 149. As Nikola has completely satisfied this criterion, we are pleased to award them with
6 marks.
17
4.5 Costing and Resources
Diagram 5: Costing and Resources (SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Stage 1 Design Package, located under 3.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria, page 57.)
18
It is regretful that Brumalindesh Tech has not answered our tender on cost and
resource management and they will receive 0 marks on this criterion.
B. Elicturus
As mentioned in the details of this criterion provided by SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd., a
comparison of prices for materials between at least 3 stores should be provided. Elicturus has
made research on the material costs and presented us with a comparison of prices between
11street, Lazada and Lelong.my in appendix F, pages 118 and 119. Despite of that, other
requirements such as a detailed cost pricing and a final construction cost is not provided. This
results in partial evidence and will be awarded with only 3 marks.
C. Nikola
In appendix I of Nikolas tender submission on page 156, the prices of materials were
compared between 3 different stores named Tesco, Giant and Supersave. With that
comparison, Nikola has created another table in appendix J, page 157, in order to choose the
cheapest materials to be used in the construction of our designs if they were to build it. Lastly
in appendix K on page 158, they have calculated their estimated construction cost and
compared them with ours. It is shown that they can produce the prototype with a lower cost
of RM8.60 than our estimated cost of RM9.80. With this precise and detailed cost pricing, we
are pleased to reward Nikola with full marks of 6 for this criterion.
19
5.0 Summary
In summary, Nikola has submitted an outstanding tender submission with an
exceptional score of 27 out of 30 marks. They are our winning tenderer for Project Mars
Rover. If they are not available, we would recommend the contractors from company
Elicturus as they have provided us with a satisfactory tender. However it would be advised
that Elicturus could communicate well with SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. in order to successfully
construct the prototype vehicle. Otherwise, we could also accept Brumalindesh Tech as the
contractors for our designs as they can also communicate well and it is possible for them to
deliver a well-constructed prototype.
20
Appendices
21
5.0 Appendix A
The following is the Stage 1 Design Package of SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd..
22
ENGINEERING FOUNDATIONS PRINCIPLES AND
COMMUNICATIONS 100
SEMESTER 1, 2016
3ASkyTrain Sdn.Bhd.
Stage One: Design Package
Client: EMPACT
Date: 1 April 2017
Team Role Name Miri ID Perth ID

Designers 1. Chong Li 700018279 19104441
2. Sophia Chung Ya Ze 700017790 19109242
3. Christina Lee Hui Jun 700017181 19109394
Contractors 1. Carlthan Fadey Anak 700013358 18951057
Rojo 700017219 19104988
2. Jane Sii Xiao Jean 700020606 19201711
3. Thiha Kyawswar
Table of Contents
1.0 Drawings .................................................................................................... 5
23
2.0 Specifications .......................................................................................... 17
2.0 Specifications of Cardboard Car ............................................................ 18
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................. 18
2.2 Materials List .......................................................................................... 18
2.3 Tools required to construct cardboard vehicle ....................................... 19
2.4 Method of Constructing .......................................................................... 19
2.4.1 Preparation ....................................................................................... 19
2.4.2 Assembly ......................................................................................... 26
3.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria...................................................................... 30
3.1 Introduction............................................................................................. 31
3.2 Criteria Detail.......................................................................................... 31
3.2.1 Time management ........................................................................... 31
3.2.2 Communication ................................................................................ 32
3.2.3 Qualification ..................................................................................... 33
3.2.4 Professionalism ................................................................................ 34
3.2.5 Costing and Resources .................................................................... 35
3.3 Tender Evaluation Matrix ....................................................................... 36
4.0 Safety Plan ............................................................................................... 37
4.1 Introduction............................................................................................. 38
4.2 Design Stage .......................................................................................... 39
4.2.1 Design Stage Explanation ................................................................ 39
4.3 Construction Stage ................................................................................. 41
4.3.1 Construction Stage Explanation ....................................................... 41
4.4 Testing Stage ......................................................................................... 42
4.4.1 Testing Stage Explanation ............................................................... 43
5.0 References ............................................................................................... 44
Gantt
Chart...
.46
24
List of Tables
Table 1: Materials required for the construction of the cardboard car. ........... 18
Table 2: Tools required for the construction of the cardboard car. ................. 19
Table 3: Items needed for preparation of car body ......................................... 19
Table 4: Cardboards used for car body ........................................................... 19
Table 5: Items needed for preparation of cargo .............................................. 22
Table 6: Cardboards used for cargo ............................................................... 22
Table 7: Items needed for preparation of car tyres ......................................... 24
Table 8: Items needed for preparation of car axles ......................................... 25
Table 9: Items needed for assembly of car body ............................................ 26
Table 10: Items needed for assembly of cargo ............................................... 27
Table 11: Items needed for assembly of tyres and car axles .......................... 28
Table 12: Risk Matrix....................................................................................... 38
25
List of Diagrams
Diagram 1: Final result of cardboard A1.......................................................... 20
Diagram 2: Final result of cardboard B1.......................................................... 20
Diagram 3: Final result of cardboard B2.......................................................... 21
Diagram 4: Final result of cardboard C1 ......................................................... 21
Diagram 5: Final result of cardboard D1 ......................................................... 22
Diagram 6: Final result of cardboard E1.......................................................... 23
Diagram 7: Final result of cardboard F1 .......................................................... 23
Diagram 8: Preparation of car tyres ................................................................ 24
Diagram 9: Measurements of straw ................................................................ 25
Diagram 10: Measurements of chopsticks and duct tape ............................... 25
Diagram.11: Attachment of cardboard B1 to cardboard A1 ............................ 26
Diagram 12: Slotting cardboards B2 to cardboard B1 ..................................... 26
Diagram 13: Slotting cardboards C1 to cardboards B2................................... 26
Diagram 14: Slotting cardboard D1 to cardboards C1 .................................... 27
Diagram 15: Slotting cardboards E1 to cardboards C1................................... 27
Diagram 16: Attachment of cardboard F1 onto cargo ..................................... 28
Diagram 17: Car Axle ...................................................................................... 29
Diagram 18: Attachment of tyres to car axles ................................................. 29
Diagram 19: Attachment of tyres and car axles to car base ........................... 29
26
1.0 Drawings
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
2.0 Specifications
39
2.0 Specifications of Cardboard Car
2.1 Introduction
This section contains comprehensive information and instructions required to
construct a cardboard car designed by SkyTrain. It is advised that the partners of our
company use the tools and materials and follow the suggested procedures to
produce the cardboard model car. Tools and materials listed are recommended by
designers in order to construct an affordable and recycled cardboard car. For means
of referencing, a set of lists of materials and tools are provided.
2.2 Materials List

The materials required to produce the recycled model car are as follow. There are
five specifications provided in this list which are the dimensions, price, supplier,
quantity needed and functions of the materials.
Table 1: Materials required for the construction of the cardboard car.
Materials Dimensions(m Function Quantit Price Supplier

m) y
Cardboard Length: 300 To be cut into 11 1 RM1.00 Provided by
Width: 420 separate pieces designers
Height: 300 with designated
(Approximately dimensions and
for the volume act as the car body
of whole and cargo holder
cardboard car)
Duct Tape - To attach the 1 RM Supersave
components of the 4.80
car to the car body
where needed
Aluminium Tin Diameter: 57 To act as the car 8 RM Provided by
Height: 55 tyres 2.00 designers
Chopstick Diameter: 5 To act as the car 2 - Provided by
Length: 200 axles designers
Straw Diameter: 12 To allow rotation of 2 - Cafeteria
Length: 120 the car axles
Hot Glue - To link the axles 1 RM Supersave
Stick and tyres 1.00
Rubber - To act as friction 12 RM Supersave
Band for car tyres 1.00
Total cost: RM
9.80
2.3 Tools required to construct cardboard vehicle
40
The table below states the tools and its functions required to construct the cardboard
car.
Table 2: Tools required for the construction of the cardboard car.
Tools Function
Hot Glue Gun To securely link the car tyres and axles
Power Drill To drill holes on the aluminium tins
Scissor To cut the components into the desired
dimensions
Pencil To mark dimensions for reference
Eraser To erase the markings made
Paper Blade Cutter To cut the components into the desired
dimensions
Long Ruler To make accurate measurements
2.4 Method of Constructing

2.4.1 Preparation
All dimensions mentioned in section 2.4 are in mm and as follows, Length x Height x
Width. Every slot A has a dimension of 25x5x5.
(A) Car Body

Table 3: Items needed for preparation of car body
No Item Remarks
1 5mm-Thick To act as the walls of the car body
Cardboard
2 Duct Tape To attach the components onto the car body
3 Scissors To cut the components into their designated
dimensions
4 Paper Blade Cutter To cut the components into their designated
dimensions
5 Ruler To measure the dimensions of the components
Table 4: Cardboards used for car body

No Cardboard Dimension Quantity Remarks
1 A1 150x375x5 1 Base of the car body
2 B1 50x315x5 1 Enhance ability to withstand load
3 B2 150x50x5 3 Enhance ability to withstand load
4 C1 140x315x5 2 Enhance ability to withstand load and part
of cargo
5 D1 150x315x5 1 Top cover for the car body
41
1. Take cardboard A1 and cut 29x75x5 off each corners. This will be the base
for the car body.
Diagram 1: Final result of cardboard A1
2. On the left side of cardboard B1, measure 75mm from the top and cut 3
horizontal slots A 75mm apart.
Diagram 2: Final result of cardboard B1
42
3. As for cardboard B2, cut 2 vertical slots A 29mm away from the left and right
edges.
4. Cut another vertical slot A at the bottom of cardboard B2, 72.5mm away from
the left.
5. Repeat steps 3-4 twice to obtain two additional pieces of cardboard B2.
72.5 72.5
Diagram 3: Final result of cardboard B2
6. On the right side of cardboard C1, cut 90x20x5 off the top and bottom corners.
7. On the top left side of cardboard C1, measure 75mm downwards and begin
cutting 3 horizontal slots A which are also 75mm apart from each other.
8. 15mm away from the top and bottom of the right side, cut 2 horizontal slots A.
9. Repeat steps 6-8 once to the second piece of cardboard C1.
Diagram 4: Final result of cardboard C1
43
10. For cardboard D1, cut off two 5x275x5 holes by using a blade. The left hole
should be located 29mm away from the left and 20mm away from the top and
bottom. The right hole should be located 29mm away from the right and
20mm away from the top and bottom.
Diagram 5: Final result of cardboard D1
(B) Cargo
Table 5: Items needed for preparation of cargo
No Item Remarks
1 Cardboard To act as the walls of the car body
dimensions
Table 6: Cardboards used for cargo

No Cardboard Dimension Quantity Remarks
1 C1 140x315x5 2 Enhance ability to withstand load and part
of cargo
2 E1 150x70x5 2 To hold the water bottle load in place
3 F1 92x70x5 1 To keep the water bottle from projecting out
of the cargo
44
1. Measure and prepare 2 cardboards E1.
2. Cut a slot on the bottom, with a dimension of 5x45x5, 29mm away from the
left and another slot of the same dimension 29mm away from the right.
3. Repeat step 2 for the other piece of cardboard E1.
Diagram 6: Final result of cardboard E1
4. Cut and prepare a piece of cardboard F1 with dimensions 92x70x5.
Diagram 7: Final result of cardboard F1
45
(C) Tyres
Diagram 8: Preparation of car tyres
Table 7: Items needed for preparation of car tyres

No Item Remarks
1 8 Soft Drink Tins To act as the tyres of the car
(Preferably 8 same
drinks)
2 12 Rubber Bands To act as friction of car tyres
dimensions
4 Paper Blade Cutter To cut the components into their designated
dimensions
6 Drill To drill holes to join the axles and car tyres
1. Take 2 soft drink tins, measure 55mm from the bottom of the tins and use a
blade to slice it open. Discard the top of the tins.
2. Using scissors, make a small, vertical cut anywhere around the cut area of
one of the tins (approximately 5mm deep).
3. Face the cavities of the tins to each other and cap up the tins tightly together
(tin with the additional small cut should be inside).
4. Repeat steps 1-3 for the remaining 6 tins to form the other 3 tyres.
5. Use the drill to make a hole at the centre of one end of all 4 tyres to insert the
car axles.
6. Attach three rubber bands to each tyre vertically. Repeat same step to the
remaining 3 tyres.
46
(D) Car Axles
Table 8: Items needed for preparation of car axles
No Item Remarks
1 Duct Tape To form suitable supports for the car axle
2 2 Chopsticks To act as a connector for the car tyres
3 2 Straws To allow motion of car tyres in a confined area
dimensions
5 Hot Glue Stick To firmly link the axles and car tyres together
1. Measure and cut the straws so that its length is 92mm and its diameter
(15mm) is uniform in every point of the straw.
Diagram 9: Measurements of straw
2. Cut out 2 pieces of 10mm-wide and 100mm-long duct tape.

3. Stick the tapes 53mm away from both ends of a chopstick, approximately
making up to 6 rounds to create two 4mm-thick layers of tape.
4. Repeat step 1-2 on the other chopstick.
Diagram 10: Measurements of chopsticks and duct tape
2.4.2 Assembly
47
(A) Car Body
Table 9: Items needed for assembly of car body
No Item Remarks
1. Measure 75mm from the left on cardboard (A1) and attach only the right side
of cardboard (B1) to allow it to stand perpendicularly on cardboard (A1) (the
top and bottom of cardboard B1 should be aligned with cardboard A1).
Diagram.11: Attachment of cardboard B1 to cardboard A1
2. Slot in all 3 pieces of cardboard B2, individually through the single slot on the
bottom, onto the 3 slots of cardboard B1 respectively.
Diagram 12: Slotting cardboards B2 to cardboard B1
3. Take a piece cardboard C1 and fit in the 3 left slots into the left slots of each
piece of cardboard B2.
4. Repeat step 3 for the other piece of cardboard C1 onto the right slots of the
cardboards B2.
48
Diagram 13: Slotting cardboards C1 to cardboards B2
5. Lastly, slot cardboard D1 through the protruding parts of cardboards C1

respectfully.
Diagram 14: Slotting cardboard D1 to cardboards C1
(B) Cargo
Table 10: Items needed for assembly of cargo
No Item Remarks
49
1. Take a piece of cardboard E1 and slot it into both top slots of cardboard C1
and do the same for the other piece of cardboard E1 on the bottom slots of
cardboard C1.
Diagram 15: Slotting cardboards E1 to cardboards C1
2. Attach cardboard F1 on top of the cavity of the cargo, 150mm away from the
left edge using duct tape.
Diagram 16: Attachment of cardboard F1 onto cargo
(C) Tyres and Car Axles

Table 11: Items needed for assembly of tyres and car axles
No Item Remarks
2 Drill To drill holes to join the axles and car tyres
3 Duct Tape To form suitable supports for the car axle
4 Hot Glue Stick To firmly link the axles and car tyres together
50
1. Insert one chopstick into one of the straws so that the straw is in between the
two 4mm-thick layers of tape on the chopstick.
Diagram 17: Car Axle
2. Take a tyre and insert one end of the chopstick into the hole drilled on the tyre.
Repeat with another tyre on the other end of the chopstick.
3. With the use of a hot glue stick, securely link the tyres to the car axle.
Diagram 18: Attachment of tyres to car axles
4. Firmly attach the car axles to the bottom of the car body (car base) by using
duct tape (only place the tapes on the straws).
Diagram 19: Attachment of tyres and car axles to car base
51
3.0 Tender
Evaluation Criteria
52
3.1 Introduction
The primary goal of a tender evaluation criteria is to determine the strengths and
weaknesses of each tender submission from our fellow partner company. The
submissions will be assessed with accordance to the five following criteria: Time
management, communication, qualification, professionalism and costing. Each
tender submission will be analysed and marks will vary, depending on the accuracy
of each criterion met.
3.2 Criteria Detail

3.2.1 Time management
Time management is defined as the ability of a person to effectively make use of
his/her time. A good plan on time management empowers one to work smart and
accomplish tasks in a shorter time period. Failure in managing time well will directly
affect ones productivity level.
Thus, contractors with good time management skills are favourable as they are able
to complete given tasks before deadlines without excuses. They are also early to
every meeting which indicates that they are diligent and dependable. In addition,
completion time of the project should not be extended under any unreasonable
circumstances. Therefore it is advised that the contractors create an accurate
timeline of the car construction period to ensure that they will complete the project
punctually. Contractors should be able to efficiently manage their time as they are
responsible to submit all of the documents and evidences, such as the minutes of
meetings, weekly progress reports and gantt chart, to the designers. Early
submissions or on time submissions are highly appreciated.
Evaluation Marks Allocation

Criteria
0 3 6
Time Never attend any Late for more than 15 Always present and
management meeting or attend minutes for meetings being on time or
less than three or late without valid arrive early.
times. reason and without
early notice.
Early submission of
Late submission of Required documents required documents
required documents are provided but slow on time.
or zero progress. progress.
Submit completed
Fail to submit the Submit completed project one day
project before project three hours before the deadline.
deadline. before the deadline.
53
3.2.2 Communication
Effective communication is a significant tool in achieving high productivity and
creating a healthy working relationship with other companies. Contractors play an
important role in managing the project progression. The contractors should avoid
causing miscommunication with our designers by conversing in English and have
good skill in understanding and suitability in communication with the clients. They
should also be able to share their ideas and knowledge through social media, phone
calls or emails.
Moreover, the contractors should respond to messages/emails as soon as possible
and deliver messages clearly to one another. This can ensure that all the staff are
aware of the objectives of the project. Contractors should submit minutes of
meeting and record of emails and message as evidences.
Evaluation Marks Allocation

Criteria
0 3 6
Communication Never replies Replies emails and Replies emails and

emails or social social media social media
media messages. messages within messages within 4
12 hours. hours.
Communicate with Communicate with

teammates in teammates by Able to communicate
different using unclear with teammates
languages. language. respectfully and
express their ideas
clearly.
Fail to arrange Rarely arrange
project meeting. project meeting. Arrange project
meeting on behalf of
both companies.
54
3.2.3 Qualification
Experienced contractors are preferred as they are more likely to produce a product
of high quality in comparison with new contractors. Also, in a construction sense,
they have higher understanding and confidence which will improve project
management and the project will therefore progress systematically. Proof can be
given by presenting related certificates and providing past product of project.
Marks Allocation
Evaluation
Criteria 0 3 6
Qualification Unable to present Able to present one Able to provide more

any related related certificates. than one related
certificates. certificates or
product of project.
Evidence provided Evidence provided

Only present one show completed show completed
related certificate, projects with projects with high
completed projects moderate technical level of technical
which only require skills. skills.
little technical skills.
Fail to show Show one evidence Show more than two

evidence of their of their experience evidences of their
experience regarding regarding their past experience
their past similar similar project regarding their past
project outcomes. outcomes. similar project
outcomes.
55
56
3.2.4 Professionalism
Professionalism is the competency expected of a professional. A contractor who
meets this criteria will surely produce a project with high standard. The project
performance will be elevated as these contractors will lead and guide the team to be
united and cooperative, diligent and smart. Contractors with an adequate level of
professionalism should be able to provide beneficial feedback from time to time and
produce an ideal management plan to reduce the possibilities of project failures.
Evidences needed for this section are summary of clients demand and
subsequent management of project, minutes of meeting and explanation of
construction method and understanding of procedure.
Marks Allocation
Evaluation
Criteria 0 3 6
Professionalism Zero understanding Have brief Understand clients

of clients demand. understanding of demand apparently.
clients demand.
Never give Provide some Provide

comment or comments or overwhelming
suggestion during suggestion based useful suggestion to
the meeting. on the design. improve the design.
Able to deliver
Unable to deliver subsequent Able to offer an
subsequent management of the ideal subsequent
management of the project. management of the
project. project.
Partially provide
Fail to provide explanation of Provide explanation
explanation of construction of construction
construction method and method and
method and understanding of understanding of
understanding of procedure. procedure.
procedure.
57
3.2.5 Costing and Resources
Financial management is an important evaluation criterion. The ideal budget for the
construction of our designed prototype is small, so a lower priced project is highly
recommended by our company, SkyTrain. As a condition to attain the costing
measure, excessive amount of expenses are not allowed. Contractors should
compare prices between various shops in order to reduce the cost required to the
construction of project. SkyTrain is highly enthusiastic on the use of recycled
materials. High marks will be awarded to the contractors who meet this requirement.
The tender will need to submit a detailed project costing of all different phases of
the project and prices comparison between different stores.
Marks Allocation
Evaluation
Criteria 0 3 6
Costing Unable to provide a Able to provide a full Able to produce a

and full cost pricing and cost pricing and detailed cost pricing
Resources prices comparison prices comparison and price comparison
between different between two stores. more than two stores.
stores.
Excessive budget Construction cost are Construction cost

spent. the exact amount of spent less than
budget spent. estimated.
Apply tiny portion of Apply some of the

recycled items in recycled materials in Use most of the
the project. the project. recycled materials in
the project.
58
3.3 Tender Evaluation Matrix
These following criteria are used to judge the tenders to fulfill the required project
outcomes.
Criteria Tender 1 Tender 2 Tender 3
Time management /6 /6 /6
Communication /6 /6 /6
Qualifications /6 /6 /6
Professionalism /6 /6 /6
Costing and Resources /6 /6 /6
Total mark: /30 /30 /30
59
4.0 Safety Plan
60
4.1 Introduction
A safety plan is a practical program that can help us avoid dangerous situations and
know the solutions in advance to solve the issues. There are various hazards that
may occur during the three phases of our project. Skytrain has identified the risks.
The safety of the contractors is the first consideration of Skytrain. The intention of
this security plan is to ensure that the work can be done in a secure environment.
The contractors have to comprehend the basic understandings of engineering to
build the car. It can prevent the construction misconduct. Moreover, the contractors
also need to have a fundamental understanding of some general security concepts
to reduce the chances of getting injured.
Table 12: Risk Matrix
Likelihood or Consequence Severity

Frequency
Low Minor Moderate Major Critical
Almost certain High High Extreme Extreme Extreme
Likely Moderate High High Extreme Extreme
Possible Low Moderate High Extreme Extreme
Unlikely Low Low Moderate High Extreme
Rare Low Low Moderate High High
61
4.2 Design Stage
Risk Hazard Likelihood Severity Mitigation Residual

Risk
Group Team conflict Possible Low 1. Should Slow
harmony arrange another project
affected meeting with progress.
different
perspective.
(Regina,2013)
2. Reach an
agreement
among group
members.
Unable to Uncooperative Likely Moderate Discuss the The project
complete team impact and cannot go
task on members teammates have on
deadline to agree to rules smoothly.
and regulations
among the
project period.
Group Transportation Rarely Moderate 1. Organize Spending
members issue appropriate too much
cannot work for each time on a
provide a team member single task.
survey of based on their
the cost ability.
of
material 2. Carpool
4.2.1 Design Stage Explanation
Team conflict
Differences are inevitable when it comes to people with the different mind and
character working together. There will be a dissatisfaction stage of team
development when the entire group members do not recognize the team goals.
However in this juncture, the leader takes an important role in having a plan to help
the team move forward. For example, the leader should arrange another meeting
with a different perspective to discuss the teams goals and make sure every
member agrees to the goals that have been finalized. Moreover, the team members
have to voice out on their issues during team meetings to avoid misunderstanding
amongst the team.
62
Uncooperative team members
A team-work environment has a lot of advantages for a project including having the
projects completed at a faster pace or the increased creativity leading to an
improved result. During every meeting, team members have to fulfill the rules and
regulations to speed up the working progress. For instance, team members had to
be punctual and complete their given tasks before the deadline. A single member
that is uncooperative will result in project retrogression which can ruin the whole
project.
Cannot provide survey of the cost of material

Transportation management plays an important role to ensure the team members
can reach the destination to carry out their job efficiently. The team leader has to
assign tasks through different aspects of consideration. For some international
students or non-local students may not own a vehicle that can be travel everywhere.
Otherwise, carpool is recommended.
63
4.3 Construction Stage
Risk Hazard Likeliho Severity Mitigation Residual

od Risk
Can cause Misuse of Likely Moderat 1. Research Result in
bleeding tools e regarding the some
proper use of the degree of
tools. scarring.
2. Care should
be taken when
handling and
seek help from
experienced
person.
Design built Communicatio Likely Moderat Contractors have Leave a bad
does not n issue e to contact the impression.
reach in designer at the
expected early stage when
range having doubts
regarding the
design.
Can cause Breakage of Rare Extreme Early diagnosis Carelessnes
bruise material on the material s of the
condition is contractors
essential before when
the construction. handling the
materials.
4.3.1 Construction Stage Explanation
Can cause bleeding

During the construction process, the tools like multi-purpose scissors are needed to
cut down the cardboard into half or different shapes. However, if the contractors are
not familiarize with the tools and its uses, it is possible to cause injury. Therefore, the
team members should research for further information and understand the basic
operating skills. The tools have to keep in a safe place after use. The proper attires
such as long pants and covered shoes are highly recommended because it may help
to reduce the chance of getting injuries.
64
Design built does not reach in expected range
The contractors need to have a thorough understanding of what may occur when
altering a design. If there are any doubts regarding the design, the contractors
should contact the designers as soon as possible in the early stage. The contractors
should analyse and make a report on construction details to avoid the misconduct.
Can cause bruise

The reusable materials are fragile and can break at any unexpected time. The
breakage of the elements can be rigid therefore they may be able to cause bruises
while constructing. Therefore, the contractors are encouraged to verify the condition
of the material before creating the prototype. All the members can watch Youtube
videos on how to handle the risks during construction and learn about the dangers
and help them to be more careful.
4.4 Testing Stage
Risk Hazard Likelihood Severity Mitigation Residual

Risk
Car break Scattered Likely Minor(low) Always check Sharp
down car parts the condition of residue
the car before from car
testing parts
The car Imbalanced Likely High Make sure that The
will not go base and the axle of the slippery
through its lack of tyres and car inclined
path when stability body are fixed plane may
testing in their positions cause the
car to slip
Students Exam period Likely High 1.Create a good Students
focus on time unable to
their study management catch up
plan with their
studies
2.Joining a
study group to
enhance their
65
study
4.4.1 Testing Stage Explanation
Car break down

As a human, people may make some careless mistakes when they are constructing
a project. Each team members have equal possibilities that they may mishandle the
prototype and cause some damages to the car. As the tyre axles are connected by
merely duct tape, it is likely to fall apart while testing or the chopsticks may also
break. Hence, team members are responsible for taking a good care of the prototype
to reduce the possibility of damages to the car.
The car will not go through its path

The car tyres are made of tin. Tin is fragile compared to other materials so it may
easily go out of shape which will cause an imbalance of the car. This will result in the
car not moving in a straight line while on the inclined plane and also causing the
prototype to slip out of the plane and cause the project to fail. Before testing, the
team members have to make sure that the axle of the tyres and car body are
securely fixed in their positions so that the fragile part of the tyre will not experience
the high impulsive force.
Students focus on their study

There will be some assignment deadlines situated within the examination periods.
The students may focus on their studies and become demotivated to complete their
assignments. To solve this issue, the students should manage their time wisely by
creating a well-organized time management plan. Students can also study smart by
joining a study group so that they can discuss with friends and complete their studies
more effectively.
66
5.0 References
67
Regina, W. (2013). Bright Hub of Project Management. 10 Methods of Resolving
Conflict with Team Members. Retrieved from
http://www.brighthubpm.com/resource-management/95564-ten-ways-to-halt-
conflicts-with-project-team-members/
68
Gantt Chart
69
6.0 Appendix B
The following is the Tender Submission from company Brumalindesh
Tech.
70
Tender Submission
Tender Evaluation: SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. (Group 3A)
Client: Empact
Project: Prototype of Mars Rover
Date: 19/04/2017
Revision: 2.0
BY: Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
71
This reports shows the capability, and dedication of Brumalindesh Tech.
in meeting the requirements of designing company Skytrains Sdn. Bhd. which
acts on the behalf of the client, EMPACT. The purpose of this report is to show
that Brumalindesh Tech. is capable and sufficient company to build and
construct the mars rover design by SkyTrains Sdn. Bhd.
The main reason that we at Brumalindesh Tech. think that we can

construct the mars rover is that the contractors have met all the criteria given
by the designing company. In addition, we have fully understood the mars
rover design and its function to an extend where concerns and feedback as
well as solution have been discussed during the meeting with the designers.
Firstly, the criteria mentioned by the designing company is to have a

good time management, we certainly believe that this is a major criterion to
meet the deadline for constructing the mars rover, the contractors of
Brumalindesh Tech. have good time management as mention further in this
report. Secondly, the designing company listed having good communication
skills is required to achieve good working situation for both designer and
contractor from SkyTrains Sdn. Bhd. and Brumalindesh Tech. respectively.
Thirdly, the designing company prefers having experienced contractors with
sufficient experience and technical skills to complete the project, we at
Brumalindesh Tech. have well experienced contractors as some of them have
done multiple project of similar kind in the past. Last but not least,
Brumalindesh Tech. need to show professionalism in order to meet the
demand of the designing company as well as provide suggestion on overall
progress of the project.
In conclusion, Brumalindesh Tech. will strike its best to show that its the
team can build the mars rover which meets high standard within the time
frame given, since this is our chance to prove that we are the most capable
company to build the mars rover. If you have any questions/enquiries, contact
one of our contractor at +60109644460, Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan.
72
Table of Contents
Table of Content
Cover
page.....1
Executive
Summary.....2
Table of
content..3
1.0
Introduction..4
2.0 Design Package
Review.4
2.1 Understanding of
Design...4
2.2 Client Brief
Compliance6
2.2.1 Conceptual
Constraints...6
2.2.2 Dimensional
Constraints....6
2.2.3 Materials
Constraints...7
2.2.4 Impact and Cushioning
Constraints....8
2.3 Concerns and
Solutions.8
3.0
Criteria...9
3.1 Time
management..10
3.2
Communication.10
3.3
Qualification.....11
3.4
Professionalism....12
Appendix.13-
60
73
1.0 Introduction
The report below is written by Brumalindesh Tech. as a tender
submission to SkyTrain Tech. The contract is to build a Mars Rover model
vehicle which suited to the criteria presented by SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Further
clarification will be presented in the end section of the report to enhance the
credibility of the work.
2.0 Design Package Review

Brumalindesh Tech. have finalized the design package of SkyTrain Sdn.
Bhd. to show full understanding of their Mars Rover design.
2.1 Understanding of Design

The design of the mars rover is listed on Appendix A1 from the design
package stage 1 submitted by SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Based on the design criteria
from the Skytrains Tech we will design and execute the design as accurate as
possible. Our understanding and analysis of the design will be listed below.
74
The 3-dimension view of the Mars rover above consists of main body,
the lower body, and the wheel axles. The water bottle is placed inside the main
body of the mars rover, just below the main body is the lower body which is
used to maintain the rigidity of the main body. The mars rover consists of front
and back axles with wheels attached to the lower body. The body itself is made
from cardboard materials which acts as the car body also known as the cargo
holder. As mentioned, the techniques in which the mars rover are tested, is by
placing it on a slope with the main body which also houses the water bottle. As
the mars rover travels downwards, the wheels on the front and rear axle also
start to spin, at the end of the slope there will be a vertical drop of 1 meter. In
other words, the gravitational potential energy which pulls down the mars
rover is converted to rotational energy which enables the wheels and its axles
to rotate. The mars rover must survive the vertical drop in which at least a pair
of wheel and its axle must present.
75
2.2 Client Brief Compliance
The client brief compliance as stated by EMPACT from the client brief are
divided into 4 parts, which includes conceptual constraints, materials
constraints, dimensional constraints, impact and cushioning constraints.
2.2.1 Conceptual Constraints
The conceptual constraints by the client are stated as below.
The prototype must be designed to travel in a self-guided straight

line for 2 meters and down a slope which is set at less than 30
degrees.
The prototype must withstand a vertical drop of 1 meter and land
on its wheels after the drop with at least a pair of wheels attached
as well as the cargo.
The prototype required to carry a 600ml water bottle on top of it
without tampering the water bottle and attaching it into the
prototype.
As shown in appendix A1 of the designers stage 1 design package below, the

design of mars rover of SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. will be able to meet the conceptual
constraints call by the client brief as the frame and body of the Mars
Rover/lander design are able to easily survive the impact and weight of the
cargo on it after the 1 meter vertical drop. The wheels can absorb the impact
of the drop as it is made up with 4 pieces of aluminum wheel which are strong
enough to withstand the impact. The axles are made of several pieces of
wooden chopstick which could withstand the weight of the cargo and the
impact without breaking the overall parts of the body.
2.2.2 Dimensional Constraints
The dimensional constraints by the client are stated as below.
The external dimension of the prototype vehicle must fit within an

A3 sheet of paper (420mm x 297mm), with no portion of the
assembly overhanging the boundary.
Any portion of the prototype must be within the maximum height
of 210mm.
76
The prototype must at least contain of two axles and the wheels
must allow the prototype to move down a slope of 30 degrees
minimum without any manual control/assistant.
As shown in appendix A1 of the designers stage 1 design package
below, the design of mars rover of SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. will be able
to meet the dimensional constraints call by the client brief as the
dimensional summary of the Mars Rover/lander provided by
SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. are as below.
Dimension Name Dimension Value (mm)

Body Dimension 150x375x70
Bottle Height 235
Bottle Diameter 65
2.2.3 Materials Constraints
The materials constraints by the client are stated as below.
The total cost of the design prototype must not exceed the budget
of RM30 according to the pricing materials using the spreadsheet
provided on blackboard.
The total 3D printed components must be less than 25% of the
theoretical cost as according to the spreadsheet.
Recycled materials can be accounted for with a cost equivalent to
50% of the spreadsheet cost.
The design of the mars rover of SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. will be able to meet the
materials constraints call by the client brief as the total price of the Mars Rover
will be
RM 5.70 as show in appendix A1 of the designers stage 1 design package.
77
2.2.4 Impact and Cushioning Constraints
The impact and cushioning constraints by the client are stated as below.
- The prototype must be designed to be self-guided such that no manual

control is required between the releases onto the slope, after the impact
on the floor.
- The prototype must end testing with at least one set of wheels upon
contact with the ground, and without damage or spilt cargo.
As shown in appendix A1 of the designers stage 1 design package below, the

design of the mars rover of Phantom Enterprise will be able to meet the impact
and cushioning constraints call by the brief as the Mars Rover can be self-
guided without manual control and land with at least one set of wheels in the
contact with the ground. The wheels, axles, main body and the support frame
will be able to withstand the impact upon contacting with the ground as the
materials are tough enough to withstand the impulsive force generated after
the drop.
2.3 Concerns and Solution
Brumalindesh Tech. has several concerns relating to the design of

the model vehicle and recommended solution are also provided
below.
The first concern can be said regarding the materials used.

It is a concern that the vehicles main body which houses
the cargo is mainly made from cardboard ranging from
mostly recycled carboard to thick packaging cardboard. It is
recommended that the cardboard used must be thick
enough so that the body is much sturdier and more durable
with at least a thickness of 10mm rather than 5mm as
specified in Appendix A1.
The second concern is the dimension of the body which
houses the cargo. This concern is related to the protection
during the vertical drop, the dimension mentioned in
Appendix A1, have inner dimension (used for the bottle) of
275mm in length and 82mm in width, while we think it is
quite excessive since the bottle have dimension 235mm in
length and 63mm in width. It is recommended that the
dimension should be change, 275mm to 245 mm in length
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and 68mm in width. This will ensure that the cargo does not
roll much during testing stage, since a much larger
dimension will lead to the change of center of mass of the
mars rover.
The third concern is regarding with the materials used for

the axles of the wheel. As mention from the Appendix A1
design package stage 1, the materials used for the axles are
a pair of wooden chopstick with diameter of 5mm. During
the Meeting with designers of SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. this
concern was addressed as they have mention that the
chopstick may break during testing since it is not strong
enough to hold the weight of the cargo. To address this, we
have recommended a change in the materials used from
wooden chopsticks to a standard 2B pencil as it will be more
durable.
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3.0 Criteria
3.1 Time Management
The contractors with good time management skills are favorable as they
can complete given tasks before deadlines without excuses. In addition,
completion time of the project should not be extended under any unreasonable
circumstances.
Contractors should be able to efficient manage their time as they are
responsible to submit all the documents and evidences, such as the minutes of
meetings, weekly progress reports and Gantt chart, to the designers.
Brumalindesh Tech. are known with acceptable time management. The
contractors can prioritize their given tasks and adjust it accordingly. Weekly
meetings (attached in Appendix B1) shows that most of the contractors are
present and on time for the meeting. In Appendix C1, a screenshot of
conversation to prove that the contractors of Brumalindesh Tech. are punctual
in the meeting set with the designer of SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Documents required
are available upon request.
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3.2 Communication
The contractors should avoid causing miscommunication with our
designers by conversing in English and have good skill in understanding and
suitability in communication with the clients. They should also be able to share
their ideas and knowledge through social media, phone calls or emails.
Moreover, the contractors should respond to messages/emails as soon
as possible and deliver messages clearly to one another. Contractors should
submit minutes of meeting and record of emails and message as evidences.
Members of Brumalindesh Tech. originates from different countries in
the world, but we believe that we have good communication skills when
communicating with each other, and because of this we can share our
background ideas clearly. We also believe in good chemistry leads to a better
satisfaction amongst our team members, this can be beneficial as team work
will be formed.
Experienced contractors are preferred as they are more likely to produce
a product a high quality in comparison with new contractors. Also, in a
construction sense, they have higher understanding and confidence which will
improve project management and the project will therefore progress
systematically. Proof can be given by presenting legit certificates and providing
past project reports such as a project management plan and achievement
reports.
At Brumalindesh Tech. some of our contractors have good experienced on past

project, Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan (Contractor) and
Ken Thian Yi Zhi (designer)Attached below is a photo of 2nd place in foundation
physics project on building a phone changer with a bicycle (Appendix C3).
Professionalism
Professionalism is the competency expected of professional. A contractor who
meets this criterion will surely produce a project with high standard. The
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project performance will be elevated as these contractors will lead and guide
the team to be united and cooperative, diligent and smart. Contractors with an
adequate level of professionalism should be able to provide beneficial feedback
from time to time and produce ideal management plan to reduce the
possibilities of project failure. Evidences needed for this section are summary of
clients demand and subsequent management of project, minute of meeting
and explanation of construction method and understanding procedure.
Brumalindesh Tech. place professionalism as one of the most important
aspects in determining the project performance, this can also be said when
meeting high standard in building the project prototype. Our contractors have
adequate level of professionalism where beneficial feedback based on the
meetings held from time to time. Attached below is an evidence of the
minutes of meeting performed during the first meeting (Appendix B2).
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Appendix
B1
83
84
85
Appendix
B2
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GROUP 1D
MINUTES 05/17 07 APR 2017 3 PM BORNEO PAVILLION
CHAIRPERSON
PRESENT
Christina Lee Hui Jun, Chong Li, Sophia Chung Ya Ze
SECRETARY
Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan
APOLOGIES
Agenda
- Meet at Borneo Pavilion at 15:00

- Discussion on Stage 1 design package
- End meeting at 15:30
1. MINUTES OF MEETING
DISCUSSION
Stage 1 Design Package
Feedback based on design and specifications
Technical flaw regarding the design that will occur in testing phase, which includes changing the axles used from
chopsticks to 2B pencil to prevent any chance of the axles to break down.
Improvements on stability and overall rigidity by using thicker cardboard that is thicker than mention in the design
package from 5mm to 10mm of carboard thickness.
Changing the dimension to a closer to the bottle dimension to prevent any change of center of mass during testing
phase which could lead to instability.
Feedback based on Tender Evaluation Criteria
Some of the criteria is too high demand for the winning contractors such that it need re-evaluation more particular
in Qualification criteria.
ACTION ITEMS PERSON RESPONSIBLE DEADLINE
87
N/A N/A N/A
The Meeting closed at 15:30.
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Appendix
C1
89
90
Appendix
C2
91
92
Appendix
C3
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Here Contractor (Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan-Leader of the team) and
Designer (Ken Thian Yi Zhi) have won 2nd place for the Physics Project of
Foundation Engineering 2017.
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7.0 Appendix C
The following is the Tender Submission from company Elicturus.
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Elicturus
Tender Application
Tender Evaluation: SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd.

Client: EMPACT
Project: Mars Lander
Date: 19th/04/2017
Contractors From Elicturus Designers From SkyTrain

Samuel Chan Chia King Christina Lee Hui Jun
Lee Zong Jin Chong Li
Saad Mahmud Sophia Chung Ya Ze
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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 99
2.0 Design Package Review ................................................................................................................. 100
To ensure the Elicturus has a comprehensive understanding of the project, a design package review
has been performed. This is to accentuate Elicturuss staff keenness to understand and construct the
prototype. ........................................................................................................................................... 100
2.1 Analysis of Prototype Design ........................................................................................................ 100
2.1.1 Car Body ..................................................................................................................................... 101
2.1.2 Cargo .......................................................................................................................................... 103
2.1.3 Tyres, Car Axles and Consecutive Parts ..................................................................................... 104
2.2 Client Brief Compliance ................................................................................................................. 105
2.2.1 Conceptual Constraints .............................................................................................................. 105
2.2.2 Dimensional Constraints ............................................................................................................ 105
2.2.3 Materials Constraints ................................................................................................................. 106
2.2.4 Impact and Cushioning Constraints ........................................................................................... 106
2.3 Concern and Solutions ................................................................................................................. 107
2.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria ...................................................................................................... 108
3.1 Time Management ........................................................................................................................ 108
3.2 Communication ............................................................................................................................. 109
3.3 Qualification .................................................................................................................................. 109
3.4 Professionalism ............................................................................................................................. 110
3.5 Costing and Resources .................................................................................................................. 110
3.0 Reference List.......................................................................................................................... 112
5.0 Appendix A- SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. Stage 1 Design Package ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.0 Appendix B Small Scaled Wind Turbine Project ................................................................... 114
7.0 Appendix C Minutes of Meeting .......................................................................................... 115
8.0 Appendix D Meeting Arrangement ...................................................................................... 117
9.0 Appendix E Quick Communication ....................................................................................... 118
10.0 Appendix F Price of Material at various place ..................................................................... 119
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Executive Summary
The tender submission present by Elicturus is to show SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd that
Elicturus is the most suitable company to get the contract from SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. to build
the Mars Lander. In this tender application, Elicturus has successfully met all the
requirement of SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. which follow on the client EMPACT. Elicturus have studied
throughout the design package of SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. and gained a deep understanding
building the Mars Lander.
The reason of this tender should be prioritized is because Elicturus are able to fulfil
all the requirement request by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. based on the tender evaluation criteria
provided. SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. stated that effective communication is a significant tool in
achieving high productivity and creating a healthy working relationship with other company.
Elicturus is a friendly company to work with and truly communicate effectively toward the
working company which will give them a pleasant experience.
Other than that, Elicturus have the experience of building a prototype before which
give an advantage of being familiar with the tools and construct the prototype without any
problems. Elicturus also examine all the materials price and quality in various shop to
ensure the material is top notch and price reasonable.
Elicturus have the confidence and interest in building the prototype that design by
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. which the we-contractors have the skill and equipment required to build
the prototype flawlessly. Furthermore, we-contractor also found out some of the problem
with the design and quickly counter the problem with the suggestion of replacing the
wooden chopstick axle with metal rod axle. Other than that, we-contractor also discover
that the tyres of the prototype consist of 3 rubber band each tyre and come up with the
suggestion of cover the tyres with full of rubber bands to greatly increase the friction and
absorption of impact.
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1.0 Introduction
The purpose of tender submission by Elicturus is to form a contract with SkyTrain
Sdn.Bhd. and the opportunity to construct a Prototype Mars Lander designed by SkyTrain
Sdn.Bhd.. The designers from SkyTrain, Chong Li, Christina Lee Hui Jun and Sophia Chung Ya
Ze have developed a Prototype Mars Lander based on the design requirement by EMPACT.
The contractors should carry out and meet all criteria in the tender evaluation criteria
suggested by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd.. Thus, the contractors from Elicturus have created this
document to prove and demonstrate potential and dedication toward the contract. In this
tender submission, the contractors show high quality comprehension regarding the Stage 1
Design Package and clarify their capabilities and strengths for every criterion required by
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd.. Credible proofs and evidences are provided in the appendix to support all
the clarifications. Hence, the contractors from Elicturus are highly acknowledged to be
contracted to SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. to construct an ideal Mars Lander.
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To ensure the Elicturus has a comprehensive understanding of the project, a design package
review has been performed. This is to accentuate Elicturuss staff keenness to understand
and construct the prototype.
2.1 Analysis of Prototype Design
Design Package made by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. had been studied and understand by the
contractors from Elicturus. The design package made by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. are very detailed
and results contractors from Elicturus take no time to understand. Thus, explanation on the
design of Mars Lander will be presented below.
Figure 1.0 Isometric View of Mars Lander Prototype
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Figure 2.0 Exploded view of Mars Lander
2.1.1 Car Body

Car body is the main part of a Mars Lander. There are total of 8 cardboards needed
which are cardboard A1, B1, B2, C1 and D1. Cardboard A1 will be the base of the car body.
The measurements of the base of the cardboard A1 is shown in figure 3.0.
Figure 3.0 Cardboard A1
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As for the side of the car body, one piece of cardboard B1 is produced by using the
measurement as shown in figure 4.0. The function of cardboard B1 is to enhance the ability
to withstand load.
Figure 4.0 Cardboard B1
Other than that, a total of 3 pieces of cardboard B2 is needed to complete the body of the
car. Figure 5.0 shoes the final measurement of cardboard B2. The function of cardboard B2 is
same as cardboard B1.
Figure 5.0 Cardboard B2
To enhance the ability to withstand load and part of the cargo, 2 pieces of cardboard C1 is
needed and the measurement is shown below.
Figure 6.0 Cardboard C1
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The cover of the body is important as the water bottle need to be cover to ensure that load
will be safe inside. Cardboard D1 is used as the cover of the car body.
Figure 7.0 Cardboard D1
2.1.2 Cargo
Cargo is needed for Mars Lander to store load. In order to hold the water bottle in
place so that the water bottle will remain stationary, 2 pieces of cardboard E1 is cut into the
designed dimensions as shown in figure 8.0. Besides that, to keep the water bottle from
projecting out of the cargo, cardboard F1 has the function of it.
Figure 8.0 Cardboard E1
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Figure 9.0 Cardboard F1
2.1.3 Tyres, Car Axles and Consecutive Parts
According to figure 1.0, there are 4 wheels names as T1 installed at the both right
and left side of the prototype. The wheels are made from 8 soft drinks tins. Car Axles acts as
a connection between left and right wheels. Car axles is labelled as AX1.
A wheel is made of 2 tins. The top of the 2 tins will be discarded and the cavities of
the tins will face to each other and will be cap up tightly together to complete as a wheel. A
hole is made by drilling at the centre of one end of the 4 types in order to insert the car axles.
Car axles is made from chopsticks and straws. To allow the motion of the car wheels,
straws is used and chopsticks will act as a connector between the car wheels.
Figure 10.0 Preparation of the car wheels
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Figure 11.0 Preparation of Car Axles
This Mars Lander request by client EMPACT will going to be auction in International
space exploration consortium. Design constraint of the project are clearly explained in the
client brief which had to be satisfy by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. when designing their project.
2.2.1 Conceptual Constraints
Based on the client brief, the designed prototype need to move linearly 2 metres
with more than 30 degrees of inclination. Later, the prototype will be conducted by dropping
straight to the ground from 1 metre away and it is required to stand steadily with four
wheels on the ground. The prototype will need to add a load of 600ml of water bottle while
moving through the inclination and the load of 600ml water bottle must be place on top of
the prototype with no difficult assembly and the condition of the cargo must not be difficult
to access without having a direct contact to the prototype. Only visual inspection from 1
metre distant is acceptable.
From the design package made by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd., it has meet the requirement set
by the client on its conceptual constraints. The prototype can move down an inclination
which four wheels are installed to the prototype. Referring to the Figure 2.0, the wheels are
attached to the wooden chopstick which will only allowed the prototype to move vertically.
Other than that, the designed prototype features a cargo which will allowed the prototype
to handle the 600ml water bottle easily without any complex assembly such as screwing a
panel on the body of the prototype.
2.2.2 Dimensional Constraints
The client has set some constraints on the dimension to the designed prototype. The
base area of the prototype must not exceed 124,740mm2 and no parts of the prototype can
be overhanging the boundary. Other than that, the height of the prototype must not exceed
210mm and the prototype should include at least two axles and allow the prototype to move
down the inclination.
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2.2.3 Materials Constraints
According to EMPACT, cost less than RM30 will be an ideal price to construct a
prototype Mars Lander by referring to the materials list spreadsheet on Blackboard.
Materials printed by 3D printer are allowed as the price of 3D printed components are 25%
less than theoretical prototype cost. Recycled materials are highly recommended by
EMPACT and the cost is only 50% of the spreadsheet cost. The cost will be calculated by the
original price when purchased, regardless of the amount used are less than the total amount
bought.
The prototype is recommended to construct in the way of affordable and recycle. The
type and cost of the materials to construct the prototype is shown in table 1.0.
Table 1.0 Type and cost of the materials list
Based on Table 1, the total cost used to build a cardboard car is RM9.80 since there are not
much of materials needed to be used to construct the prototype.
2.2.4 Impact and Cushioning Constraints
Empact required no manual control to be installed for the prototype when roll down
on the inclination and finished testing. After the prototype reached the ground, at least the
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wheels at the front of the prototype must reach the ground without suffer any sufficient
damage or separation of the prototype.
The prototype designed by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. score all the requirement required by
EMPACT because the cargo can hold the water bottle easily as the capacity of the cargo is
big as shown in Figure 2.0. Meanwhile, the wheels of the prototype are big enough to absorb
all the impact from the crash.
2.3 Concern and Solutions
The Mars Lander designed by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. is being observed and studied by
Elicturus. Therefore, Elicturus have fully understand the design package and mange to found
out some concern about the design and solution to improve the design.
Firstly, the material of the axle used by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. is wooden chopstick from
cafeteria of Curtin University Sarawak. We contractors from Elicturus believed that wooden
chopstick being used as axle of the prototype are not appropriate because wooden chopstick
is fragile and withstand less weight compare to metal (Strength - Toughness, 2017). Once the
wooden chopstick axle is replaced by metal rod axle, the result for testing prototype will be
more promising.
Secondly, we-contractors also found out the wheels of the prototype was surround
by three rubber bands. By using just three rubber bands is insufficient, instead of just using
three rubber bands, we-contractors suggest covering the wheels with fully rubber band. In
that way, the wheels with fully covered rubber bands will absorb more impact at the drop
test and gain friction force for the moving through the inclination (Modus Advanced, 2017).
Lastly, the height of the prototype designed by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. is estimated to be
180mm. we-contractors believed that the higher the height will cause unstable to the
prototype (Gibbs, 2016). Thus, we-contractors suggest that the height of the prototype
should be reduced to 120mm so that greatly increase the stability of the prototype and gain
advantage to score from testing stage.
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2.0 Tender Evaluation Criteria
The description of the tender evaluation criteria by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. has been
written as reference and Elicturus has responded to all the criteria required with
evidences provided in Appendix section.
3.1 Time Management
Description of criterion:
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd highly appreciate tendering company with valuable time
management skill. From their perspective, contractor with good time management
skill will able to complete given task before deadlines and early to every meeting.
Therefore, SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. advised that the contractors efficiently manage time to
ensure the completion of the project before deadline.
Response to the criterion:

For this criterion, the contractors from Elicturus fulfil all the requirement stated by
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd.. Elicturus strongly believe that time management plays a very
important role in response to accomplish any tasks or projects. This can also ensure
that the Mars Lander can be constructed successfully and effectively. Thus, the
contractors from Elicturus attended the meeting that was held with the SkyTrain
Sdn.Bhd. on time. This can be proven by the minutes of meeting and the meeting
agenda as the beginning section of meeting and the meeting agenda show the record
of the contractors attendance. Besides, the agenda meeting was prepared by
Elicturus before the meeting and every agenda was addressed during the meeting.
This is clearly shown by the agenda items in the meeting agenda and the action items
in the minutes of meeting. The contractors from Elicturus also completed the
minutes of meeting and sent a soft copy to the designers from SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. via
email within the given time frame. To prove this, the minutes of meeting is attached
in Appendix A and screenshot of the email which was sent to the designers from
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. is attached in Appendix E have real and firm evidences provided in
this criterion clearly show that Elicturus has high time management skill and capable
of completing every task that is given by SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. on time.
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3.2 Communication
According to SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. good and effective communication play a very
important role to achieve excellent performance. Communication between
contractors and designer can achieve through social media, electronics devices such
as smart phone and laptop. Miscommunications must be avoided to ensure the
completion of the project. Thus, fast response to email or messages should be
conducted to ensure the team members can collaborate with the progress of the
works.
Based on the criterion above, Elicturus agree with SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. and believe that
effective communication skill can lead to better understanding with both parties and
come up with a flawless product. Therefore, contractors from Elicturus have proceed
smoothly with the designers from SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. by arrange the meeting with the
agreement of both companies to discuss about the design package by SkyTrain
Sdn.Bhd.. The contractors managed to give response by replying the email and
messages as soon as possible and able to communicate respectfully with Designers to
offer opinions and ideas to accomplish the project successfully. This can be proven in
the Appendix E. As the contractors from Elicturus have fulfilled all the requirement by
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. therefore, Elicturus have effective communication skill.
3.3 Qualification
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. require the tendering company to have more experience and
knowledge in building. SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. state that experienced contractors will
produce higher quality product compare to amateur contractors. In specific,
contractors need to provide proof related to the project such as certificates or product
of project. In addition, the evidence provided must be shown completed with high
level of technical skills. SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. also believe that experienced contractors
should have higher comprehension and confidence in which will strengthen the
project management to run the project systematically.
Regarding the criterion stated above, Elicturus conclude that contractors need to
have more experiences to produce a better outcome. Thus, contractor from Elicturus
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had search for many articles to study and provide more ideas to enhance the project.
As a result, the completed projects had reveal with an elevated level of technical
skills will be expected. Moreover, two or more evidences had shown in Appendix B
the project of their experience according to past project outcomes.
3.4 Professionalism
According to SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. contractor that is professional will having the
capability to produce high quality project that meet the requirement specifications.
Hence,Skytrain Sdn.Bhd. expected the tendering company to be professional and lead
the team to be united and work side by side. A great professional contractor which
will understand clients demand and provide a flawless management plan to guide
the team members and construct a project efficiently and effectively with less failures.
According to the statement above, contractor from Elicturus work tightly with
designer from SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. by providing useful ideas to enhance the design.
Apparently, the contractors understand and comprehend with the clients
requirement correctly and able to present the construction method and work
according to the procedure of the project. The ideal subsequent management of the
project had been offer by the contractor of Elicturus to SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. This can be
proven at Appendix D. Therefore, Elicturus is a company with professional skill and
trustworthy.
SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. will be evaluating the tendering company based on costing and
resources management. SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd highly appreciate the tendering company
not overspending and reuse recycle materials to construct the Mars Lander prototype.
Skytrain Sdn.Bhd also recommend the contractors to compare the prices between
various shop for the cost reduction. As the total cost of the project proposed by
Skytrain Sdn.Bhd. is RM9.80 therefore, the ideal budget for Mars Lander prototype
should not exceed the amount of RM9.80.
For the criterion above, Elicturus conclude that a lower price will be more convenient.
Therefore, contractors from Elicturus have been searching for a lower cost material
and recycle material from various shop to lower the amount of the building the Mars
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Lander. As for some of the material will be provided by the designers from SkyTrain
Sdn.Bhd., contractors only need to search for Hot Glue Stick, Rubber Band and Duct
Tape. Which the contractor from Elicturus able to produce a detailed cost pricing and
price comparison more than two store and use most of the recycled materials in the
project, Elicturus can easily spend less than estimated. The proof is provided in
Appendix F.
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3.0 Reference List
Gibbs, K. (2016). Stability schoolphysics Retrieved from

http://www.schoolphysics.co.uk/age11-
14/Mechanics/Statics/text/Stability_/index.html
Modus Advanced, I. (2017). Why Rubber is Used for Vibration and Shock
Isolation. Modusadvanced.com. Retrieved 11 April 2017, from
https://www.modusadvanced.com/resources/blog/why-rubber-is-used-for-vibration-
and-shock-isolation/
Strength - Toughness. (2017). www-materials.eng.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 7 April 2017, from
http://www-materials.eng.cam.ac.uk/mpsite/interactive_charts/strength-
toughness/basic.html
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APPENDICES
113
5.0 Appendix B Small Scaled Wind Turbine Project
Elicturuss contractor built a small scaled wind turbine for Physics Project Exhibition 2016 at
Curtin University Sarawak.
114
6.0 Appendix C Minutes of Meeting
This is the minutes of meeting after meeting between Elicturus and SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd.
115
116
7.0 Appendix D Meeting Arrangement
Elicturuss contractor arrange meeting with SkyTrain Sdn.Bhd. with agreement of

both parties.
117
8.0 Appendix E Quick Communication
The screenshot of this conversation proof that the contractors reply as soon as
possible.
118
9.0 Appendix F Price of Material at various place
Below is the price of hot glue stick and duct tape from 11st street, Lazada and
Lelong.my
119
120
8.0 Appendix C
The following is the Tender Submission from company Nikola.
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NIKOLA
Tender Submission
Tender Evaluation: SkyTrain
Client: Empact
Project: Mars Rover
Date: 12/04/2017
Liew Yuk Sang

Wong Wan Wen
Joseph Yu Jet Chong
Nikhita Kolloju
Ahmad Nazhif Mohamad
Andrew Sherard Ocampo Dela Cruz
Executive Summary
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The purpose of this tender submission is to convince the designers to choose our
company(Nikola) to assembly the Mars Rover prototype. We understand the project and
contractors of Nikola can imagine how the project going to work even the project havent be
conduct too.
This tender submission should be considered above all the others, our company is fit
for demonstrating that we can totally fulfil the evaluation criteria that has been set by Nikola.
We have provided the evidence that we have the high technical skill and, we have the
certificate that prove our company members have participate in the Physics Project
Exhibition and have get the achievement of 2nd place. Majority of our company members
having had sufficient experience. We always show punctuality via the meeting with yours
company(SkyTrain). We always give respond to the email and the message within a
reasonable timeframe, and we also have created a whatsapp group to keep contact for the
latest news.
Although the overall premise of the Mars Rover design is simple and effective, there
are some adjustment and improvement can be made regarding the construction of the vehicle
together with a few equipment to improve the accuracy during assembly while also protecting
the integrity of the vehicle and taking after these will increase the quality of the model.
In this design, we have two concerns relating to the design of the car. The first relates
is the material which use to build the axle, in this design the material that act as the axle is
chopstick and a straw. It is recommended to use a metal rod, because it is hard to break and it
also harder than chopstick, and the cost of the metal rod is cheap (1 Inch cost Rm 1.70 only)
and it is easy to find at any shop. They should replace the chopstick with the metal rod. The
second concern is the cans which act as the tyre. They use soft drink cans as the tyre. It is
recommended to use the nylon disc, this is because the nylon disc is harder than the cans and
it also has a rough surface and they no need to put the rubber band, not only that, the nylon
disc can face a strong collision. But the price of the nylon disc is expensive than the cans,
each nylon disc cost Rm 1.8 and we need 4 nylon disc to build it.
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Our company are proud of our staff, capabilities and reputation and would like to
assure SkyTrain that a reactor of the highest standard will be delivered within the promised
time-frame.
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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction5
2.0 Design Package Review..5
2.1 Understanding of Design.5 7
2.2 Client Brief Compliance...7
2.3 Concerns and Solutions7 8
3.0 Criteria8
3.1 Time Management....8 9
3.2 Communication....9
3.3 Qualification.....9 10
3.4 Professionalism10 12
3.5 Costing and Resources....12 - 13
4.0 The problems of Design Package (SkyTrain)...14 15
5.0 Appendices..16
6.0 Appendix A1 Minutes of Meeting..17 - 19
7.0 Appendix A2 Minutes of Meeting..20 - 21
8.0 Appendix B1 Weekly Progress Report...22 24
9.0 Appendix B2 Weekly Progress Report...25 27
10.0 Appendix C Gantt Chart28 - 29
11.0 Appendix D Record of Message.30
12.0 Appendix E Record of Email.31
13.0 Appendix F Certificate for previous project..32
14.0 Appendix G Picture of Previous Product...33 - 34
15.0 Appendix H Summary of Client Brief.35
16.0 Appendix I Table of comparison cost between three store...36
17.0 Appendix J Table of the cheapest Material37
18.0 Appendix K Calculation to prove the Cheapest cost is less than estimated value..38
19.0 Appendix L The latest design package from SkyTrain..39 - 83
125
1.0 Introduction
This document contains Nikola tender submission for the assembly of the Mars
Rover. This document has been written in response to the criteria as defined by the
SkyTrain.
A design review has been performed to ensure that the Nikola has a full and
complete understanding of the project.
2.1 Understanding of Design
The design is using cardboard to build it and we need to use a thick

cardboard so that the car body will become harder. For this design, we use 8
cardboard to build it. Inside the 8 cardboard, we will do the base of the car
body which is called A1(with dimension 150x375x5), we will do another size
of cardboard to enhance ability to withstand load which call B1 and B2 (B1
with dimension 50x315x5, while B2 with dimension 150x50x5) and for part of
the cargo called C1 (with dimension 140x315x5) and we will do the top cover
for the car body called D1 (with dimension 150x315x5).
For preparation for the cardboard, we must cut the cardboard first, for
cardboard A1, cut 29x75x5 off each at the corners and this will be the base for
the car. For cardboard B1, measure 75mm from top and cut three horizontal
slots A 75mm apart at the left side. For the cardboard B2, cut 2 vertical slots
29mm away from the right and left edges and cut another vertical slot A at the
bottom of cardboard B2 72.55mm away from the left. Hence, repeat again the
step to get 2 more cardboard B2. For C1, cut 90x20x5 off the top and bottom
corners at the right side and for the top left side, measure 75mm downwards
and cut three horizontal slots A which are also 75mm apart from each other,
cut two horizontal slots A 15mm away from the top and bottom of the right
side, repeat this step again to get another piece of cardboard C1. For the last
part of the cardboard which is D1, cut off two 5x275x5 holes by using a blade.
126
The right hole should be located 20mm away from the top and bottom and
29mm away from the right, while for the left hole should be located 20mm
away from the top and bottom and 29mm away from the left.
For the cargo parts which is cardboard E1 and F1. For cardboard E1,
cut a slot at the bottom with a dimension of 5x45x5 and 29mm away from the
left and another slot with the same dimension 29mm away from the right.
Repeat this step again to get another piece of cardboard E1. For cardboard F1,
cut a piece of cardboard with a dimension of 92x70x5.
For the next step, we will proceed to the tyre. First, we use the soft
drinks cans to makes the tyre, we first cut the cans into half and then we will
use the bottom part only. After that, we use a scissors to make a small hole at
the center of the cans so that we can stick the axle with the cans. Place three
rubber vertically at the outer shell of the cans so that there has a friction
between the cans and the slope.
For the axle, cut the straw to become 92mm for the length. Use the
scissor to cut 10mm wide of duct tape with length of 100mm long, stick the
tapes 53mm away from the both end for the chopsticks. And then turn the tape
around 6 time to make it 4mm thick layers. The procedure is repeated to gain
another chopstick.
After prepared all the material, we will proceed to the assembly. We

first proceed to the car body. Firstly, we measure 75mm from the left of the
cardboard A1 and attach only the right of carboard B1 by duct tape to allow it
to stand perpendicular on cardboard A1. Alert that the top and the bottom of
the carboard B1 should be aligned with carboard A1. Moving on, slot in all 3
pieces of carboard B2, individually through the single slot on the bottom, onto
the 3 slots of cardboardB1 respectively. A piece cardboard C1 is taken and is
fixed in the 3 left slots. For the left slots, each piece of the cardboard B2 is
fixed. The procedure of the right side cardboard C1 is repeated. cardboard D1
is slotted into the protruding parts of cardboards C1 respectfully. A piece of
cardboard E1 is slotted into both top slots of cardboard C1 and do the same
127
thing at the bottom slots of cardboard C1. Lastly, cardboard F1 is attach on the
top of the cavity of the cargo, 150mm away from the left edge by using duct
tape.
For the next parts which is tyres and car axles, we use chopstick act as
the axle. One chopstick is inserted into one of the straws so that the straw is in
between the two 4mm-thick layers of tape on the chopstick. Following to the
next step, a tyre is inserted at one end of the chopstick into the hole drilled on
the tyre. Another tyre is repeated at the end of another side. Use the hot glue
gun to stick the axle with the tyres. Last, attach the car axles firmly to the
bottom of the car body by using duct tape.
The client brief calls for a design that must use a 5mm thick cardboard.
While preparing, we must follow the measurement that already stated in the
design package. Not only that, the cans which act as the tyre must be cut at
area approximately 5mm deep and the tin with the additional small cut should
be inside. For the axle, the duct tape that surround the chopstick must be
approximately making up to 6 rounds to create 4mm-thick layers of tape.
While during assembly, we must make sure that the top and the bottom
of cardboard B1 should be aligned with cardboard A1 by using the duct tape to
stick cardboard A1 and cardboard B1 together. For the last part which is attach
the axle to the bottom of the car body which is car base, ensure that the duct
tape is place on the straws only.
2.3 Concerns and Solutions
Nikolas has 2 concerns relating to the design of the car. The first
relates is the material that use to build the axle, in this design the material that
act as the axle is chopstick and a straw. It is recommended to use a metal rod,
because it is hard to break and it also harder than chopstick, and the cost of the
128
metal rod is cheap (1inch cost Rm 1.70 only) and it is easy to find at any shop.
They should replace the chopstick with the metal rod.
The second concern is the cans that act as the tyre. They use soft drink
cans as the tyre. It is recommended to use the nylon disc, this is because the
nylon disc is harder than the cans and it also has a rough surface and they no
need to put the rubber band, not only that, the nylon disc can face a strong
collision. But the price of the nylon disc is expensive than the cans, each nylon
disc cost Rm 1.8 but we just need 4 nylon disc.
In conclusion, it is better to replace the chopstick to metal rod and Soft

drinks cans change to nylon disc.
3.0 Criteria
The purpose of a tender evaluation criteria is to determine the strength and

weaknesses of each tender submission from our fellow partner company. The
submissions will be split to five following criteria which is time management,
communication, qualification, professionalism and costing. The marks will be given
depending on the accuracy of each criterion met to each tender submission.
3.1 Time Management
Nikola company members always have a well time management plan

and we always attend the meeting before 10 minutes earlier and we also submit
works before the due date and always be punctual. If we get the project from
company SkyTrain, we will ensure that the project will be completed before
the due date and the constructers of Nikola will always attend during
construction and work together.
To show that the contractors always attend the meeting. Please refer to
the minutes of meetings which is Appendix A1, and another minute of meeting
which is Appendix A2. Refer to weekly progress reports which is Appendix B1
129
and B2 to show that we have complete the tasks before the timeline and refer
to gantt chart which is Appendix C to show the planning of the work.
3.2 Communication
The contractors of Nikola always communicate well with the designers

of SkyTrain and always use English to communicate. The contractors of
Nikolas always reply message within 15 minutes and always active in
communicate with others. We also have a great understanding skill and always
pay attention during meeting. We always share ideas to the designers of
SkyTrain. The contractor of Nikola also plan two meeting to discuss about the
project.
To show that we communicate well, please refer to Appendix D which

is record of message to show that we are using English to communicate and
reply within 4 hours with the designers of company SkyTrain and refer to
Appendix E which is record of email to show that we have reply the email
within 4 hours and refer to Appendix A1 and A2 which is the minutes of
meeting to prove that we have arrange the project meeting on behalf of both
companies.
3.3 Qualification
Nikola contractors have experience in another project before, and one

of the contractors has achieve with grade 2nd in the competition and this
shown the contractors have high quality in comparison with new contractors,
we have the higher understanding and confidence which can improve project
management and the project can go smooth during assembly.
To prove one of the contractors of Nikola has get the second place in
the competition, please refer to Appendix F which is the certificate that be
130
given by the organizer. Refer Appendix G to show that the product of the past
project has be done by the contractor of Nikolas.
3.4 Professionalism
Nikola contractors know how the project going to work and we can
imagine it even we havent done it yet. We always show united and
cooperative during work together. We know how the procedure proceed, and
we know how to construct this project. We can also explain how the
construction method flow and we are understanding of procedure. We also
think of two feasible way to improve the design.
We first talk about the understanding of procedure; the design is using

cardboard to build it and we need to use a thick cardboard so that the car will
become harder. For this design, we use 8 cardboard to build it. Inside the 8
cardboard, we will do the base of the car body which is called A1(with
dimension 150x375x5), we will do another size of cardboard to enhance ability
to withstand load which call B1 and B2 (B1 with dimension 50x315x5, while
B2 with dimension 150x50x5) and for part of the cargo called C1 (with
dimension 140x315x5) and we will do the top cover for the car body called D1
(with dimension 150x315x5).
For prepare for the cardboard, we must cut it first, for cardboard A1,
cut 29x75x5 off each at the corners and this will be the base for the car. For
cardboard B1, measure 75mm from top and cut three horizontal slots A 75mm
apart at the left side. For the cardboard B2, cut 2 vertical slots 29mm away
from the right and left edges and cut another vertical slot A at the bottom of
cardboard B2 72.55mm away from the left. Hence, repeat again the step to get
2 more cardboard B2. For C1, cut 90x20x5 off the top and bottom corners at
the right side and for the top left side, measure 75mm downwards and cut three
horizontal slots A which are also 75mm apart from each other, cut two
horizontal slots A 15mm away from the top and bottom of the right side, repeat
this step again to get another piece of cardboard C1. For the last part of the
cardboard which is D1, cut off two 5x275x5 holes by using a blade. The right
131
hole should be located 20mm away from the top and bottom and 29mm away
from the right, while for the left hole should be located 20mm away from the
top and bottom and 29mm away from the left.
For the cargo parts which is cardboard E1 and F1. For cardboard E1,
cut a slot at the bottom with a dimension of 5x45x5 and 29mm away from the
left and another slot with the same dimension 29mm away from the right.
Repeat this step again to get another piece of cardboard E1. For cardboard F1,
cut a piece of cardboard with a dimension of 92x70x5.
For the next step, we will proceed to the tyre. First, we use the soft
drinks cans to makes the tyre, we first cut the cans into half and then we will
use the bottom part only. After that, we use a scissors to make a small hole at
the center of the cans so that we can stick the axle with the cans. Place three
rubber vertically at the outer shell of the cans so that there has a friction
between the cans and the slope.
For the axle, cut the straw to become 92mm for the length. Use the
scissor to cut 10mm wide of duct tape and 100mm long, stick the tapes 53mm
away from the both end for the chopsticks. And then turn the tape around 6
time to make it 4mm thick layers. The procedure is repeated to gain another
chopstick.
Moreover, we proceed to explanation of construction, after prepared all

the material, we will proceed to the assembly. We first proceed to the car body.
Firstly, we measure 75mm from the left of the cardboard A1 and attach only
the right of carboard B1 by duct tape to allow it to stand perpendicular on
cardboard A1. Alert that the top and the bottom of the carboard B1 should be
aligned with carboard A1. Moving on, slot in all 3 pieces of carboard B2,
individually through the single slot on the bottom, onto the 3 slots of
cardboardB1 respectively. A piece cardboard C1 is taken and is fixed in the 3
left slots. For the left slots, each piece of the cardboard B2 is fixed. The
procedure of the right side cardboard C1 is repeated. cardboard D1 is slotted
into the protruding parts of cardboards C1 respectfully. A piece of cardboard
132
E1 is slotted into both top slots of cardboard C1 and do the same thing at the
bottom slots of cardboard C1. Lastly, cardboard F1 is attach on the top of the
cavity of the cargo, 150mm away from the left edge by using duct tape.
For the next parts which is tyres and car axles, we use chopstick act as
the axle. One chopstick is inserted into one of the straws so that the straw is in
between the two 4mm-thick layers of tape on the chopstick. Following to the
next step, a tyre is inserted at one end of the chopstick into the hole drilled on
the tyre. Another tyre is repeated at the end of another side. Use the hot glue
gun to stick the axle with the tyres. Last, attach the car axles firmly to the
bottom of the car body by using duct tape.
First improving way is change in material that use to build the axle, in
this design the material that act as the axle is chopstick and a straw. It is
recommended to use a metal rod, because it is hard to break and it also harder
than chopstick, and the cost of the metal rod is cheap (1inch cost Rm 1.70 only)
and it is easy to find at any shop. They should replace the chopstick with the
metal rod.
The second improving way is change the cans that act as the tyre. They
use soft drink cans as the tyre. It is recommended to use the nylon disc, this is
because the nylon disc is harder than the cans and it also has a rough surface
and they no need to put the rubber band, not only that, the nylon disc can face a
strong collision. But the price of the nylon disc is expensive than the cans, each
nylon disc cost Rm 1.8 and we just need 4 nylon disc.
These are the way that can improve the design, please refer to
Appendix H to show summary of clients demand. Refer to Appendix C to
show subsequent management of project, and refer to Appendix A1 and A2 to
show the minutes of meeting.
133
We tend to use recycle material, we will provide a detailed project
costing of all different phases of the project and please refer to Appendix I to
get it. Next, we also prepared detailed prices comparison between different
stores and please refer to Appendix J to get it. We also construct cost spent for
the project and the total spent is less than the estimated value, refer to
Appendix K to get the calculation.
134
The problems of
Design Package
(SkyTrain)
135
4.0 Problem of this Design package
1) The procedure should be paragraph form.

2) The prices for recycle material is not included in the Table 1.
3) The TEC cannot be changed from previous design package.
136
Appendices
137
6.0 Appendix A1 Minutes of Meeting
This is the first week Meeting
GROUP 2A & 3A
MINUTES
05 APRIL 2017 11.30 AM NSA( Study Room 6)
01/17
CHAIRPERSO
Liew yuk Sang
N
Liew Yuk Sang, Joseph Yu Jet Chong, Ahmad Nazhif Mohamad, Christina
PRESENT
Lee Hui Jun, Chong Li, Sophia Chung Ya Ze,
SECRETARY Liew Yuk Sang
APOLOGIES
Agenda
1) Discussion about the material
2) The prices of the materials
3) Discussion regarding prototype tests
4) Potential future problems
1. DISCUSSION ABOUT THE MATERIAL

DISCUSSI
ON
138
Yuk Sang asked the designers of group 3A about the materials which are the cardboard and the
aluminium tin. Some other questions that were asked were about where they will be obtaining
the cardboard from and whether it would be provided or not. He also asked what type of
aluminium tin would be used. Contractor James said that the cardboard would be provided and
they intended for soft drink tin cans such as 100 Plus to be used.
PERSON
ACTION ITEMS DEADLINE
RESPONSIBLE
2. THE PRICES OF THE MATERIALS

DISCUSSI
ON
Yuk Sang stated that there was a problem regarding the material prices due to the absence of
the recycled material prices within the design package for Group 3A. They claimed that they
did not realize it was required for recycled material prices to be included. Following this, Yuk
Sang the section within the client brief regarding the necessity of stating the prices of the
recycled material which are half the original prices.
PERSON
RESPONSIBLE
3. DISCUSSION REGARDING PROTOTYPE TESTS

DISCUSSI
ON
The contractors from Group 3A were asked by Yuk Sang before the meeting if they have
already conducted tests on the prototype. They were happy to announce that the tests conducted
on their prototype were mostly successful. It was also asked whether or not the axle was able to
handle the weight of the load by using wooden chopsticks. The contractors mentioned that the
chopsticks broke in the sixth test conducted which proved to be not as reliable as they had
139
initially thought.
PERSON
RESPONSIBLE
4. POTENTIAL FUTURE PROBLEMS

DISCUSSI
ON
Yuk Sang created a Whatsapp Group with Group 3A. It has been decided that if any new
problem arises, initial discussions will be made in the whatsapp group followed by any
neceassy meetings or the decisions made to counter said problems.
PERSON
RESPONSIBLE
The Meeting closed at 12.00
Next meeting: -
140
7.0 Appendix A2 Minutes of Meeting
This is the second week Meeting
GROUP 2A & 3A
MINUTES
15 APRIL 2017 10.00PM Social Media(whatsapp)
02/17
CHAIRPERSO
Liew yuk Sang
N
Liew Yuk Sang, Joseph Yu Jet Chong, Ahmad Nazhif Mohamad, Christina
PRESENT
Lee Hui Jun, Chong Li, Sophia Chung Ya Ze,
SECRETARY Liew Yuk Sang
APOLOGIES
Agenda
1) Discuss about evidence for Minutes of meeting
2) Discuss about evidence for detailed cost spending in this project
3) Discuss how do take the record of email for evidence
1. DISCUSSION ABOUT EVIDENCE FOR MINUTES OF MEETING

DISCUSSI
ON
Yuk Sang asked the designers of group 3A about how to prove that we have a meeting during
free week, designers from group 3A suggested that we show the minutes of meeting report to
prove it.
PERSON
RESPONSIBLE
141
2. DISCUSS ABOUT EVIDENCE FOR DETAILED COST SPENDING IN THIS
PROJECT
DISCUSSI
ON
biYtdfdYduiatYS aYtaukdfaeuYgnYdegbdYhtYdugbSYS aYaoktafsaYngeYtaSdkeatYdeksaYgnYS kuY
degrasSndftYgfaYgnYS aYtaukdfaeuYudktYSgY biYudfdYS dSY gbYsdfY diaYdYSdueaYdftYekuSYtgafYS eaaY
YSgYu gaYduYdYaoktafsaYtknnaeafSYuSgeauYdeksaYSgYds kaoaYS aYnbeeY deiuYdftY diaYkSYkfYdddaftkd
PERSON
RESPONSIBLE
3. DISCUSS HOW TO RECORD THE EMAIL FOR EVIDENCE

DISCUSSI
ON
Yuk Sang ask the designers of group 3A about the evidence of proving we have reply the email
within the timeline. Designer of group 3A said that Yuk Sang can screen shoot the date, time
and make sure yuk Sang have also screen shoot that Yuk Sang send the email to who.
PERSON
RESPONSIBLE
The Meeting closed at 11.00 pm
Next meeting: -
142
8.0 Appendix B1 Weekly Progress Report
Weekly progress report for first week
INDE1000 Engineering Foundations: Principles and Communications
Semester 1, 2017Weekly Progress Report
A copy of this report is to be uploaded prior to your project meeting and a printed copy
presented to your manager in class.
WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT
COMPANY NAME: Nikola DATE: 8 April 2017
ACTIVITY LOG:
Team Member: Liew Yuk Sang

Research for the Price of the material 1 hour done
Write the Tender Application 2 hour 45%
Team Member: Joseph Yu Jet Chong

Research for the price of the material 1 hour done
Help to check yuk sang Tender Application 30min done
Team Member: Ahmad Nazhif Mohamad

Research for the price of the material 1 hour done
Help to check yuk sang Tender Application 30min done
143
GOALS:
Team Member: Liew yuk sang

Write the Tender Application 17 April
Final check for the Tender Application 18 April
Discuss about the design and think what can be change 15 April

Final check for the Yuk Sang Tender Application 18 April

Final check for the Yuk Sang Tender Application 18 April
Etc., with each team member listed. You can insert more rows.
QUESTIONS FORMANAGERS:
Questions for your managers are to be listed here. Listing them here demonstrates that you
are thinking about how to best manage the project. They may be questions about problems in
your team, what needs to be done, potential future issues Questions where the answers are
in the Unit Outline or client briefs are very poor questions. They show that you are NOT
planning or thinking.
Is it true that someone else builds the car we designed? (SIMPLE QUESTION)
What happens if our bridge is overweight? (GOOD QUESTION)
144
Team member X is going to Bali in week 4 for 2 weeks what should we do? (GREAT
QUESTION)
How much is Stage 1 Design submission worth? (VERY POOR QUESTION)
TEAMWORK DYNAMICS:
Team member sick Mismatch of expectations amongst team
Team member not completing allocated Mismatch of ambition amongst team

tasks members
Imbalance in task allocations Team member unhappy with team
Non-responsive team member performance
Team member trying to do all the work Other
Team member having to do all the work Other
9.0 Appendix B2 Weekly Progress Report
145
This is weekly progress report for second week
INDE1000 Engineering Foundations: Principles and Communications
Semester 1, 2017Weekly Progress Report
A copy of this report is to be uploaded prior to your project meeting and a printed copy
presented to your manager in class.
WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT
COMPANY NAME: Nikola DATE: 18 April 2017
ACTIVITY LOG:
Team Member: Liew Yuk Sang

Write the Tender Application 3 hour done
Final check for the Tender Application 1 hour done
Discuss about the design and think what can be change 1 hour Done

Final check for the Yuk Sang Tender Application 1 hour done
Discuss about the design and think what can be change 1hour done

Final check for the Yuk Sang Tender Application 1 hour done
Discuss about the design and think what can be change 1 hour done
146
GOALS:
Team Member: Liew yuk sang
QUESTIONS FORMANAGERS:
Questions for your managers are to be listed here. Listing them here demonstrates that you
are thinking about how to best manage the project. They may be questions about problems in
your team, what needs to be done, potential future issues Questions where the answers are
in the Unit Outline or client briefs are very poor questions. They show that you are NOT
planning or thinking.
Is it true that someone else builds the car we designed? (SIMPLE QUESTION)
What happens if our bridge is overweight? (GOOD QUESTION)
Team member X is going to Bali in week 4 for 2 weeks what should we do? (GREAT
QUESTION)
147
How much is Stage 1 Design submission worth? (VERY POOR QUESTION)
TEAMWORK DYNAMICS:
Team member sick Mismatch of expectations amongst team
Team member not completing allocated Mismatch of ambition amongst team

tasks members
Imbalance in task allocations Team member unhappy with team
Non-responsive team member performance
Team member trying to do all the work Other
Team member having to do all the work Other
10.0 Appendix C Gantt Chart
This is the gantt chart which show the work plan
148
Tuition Free Tuition Free
Week Week
Task Week 1 Week 2 Week 7
Complete Stage
2
Having a meeting with

group
3A(SkyTrain)
Write a Minutes of
Meeting
to show as an evidence
Write Weekly Progress
Report
Make a gantt
Project chart
Tender Application for
Contractor
Executive
Summary
Table of content
Introduction
Design Package Review
Understanding Of Design
Client Brief Compliance
Concerns And Solution
Criteria
Time
Management
Communication
Qualification
Professionalism
Costing and Resources
Appendices
Submit Turnitin
Submit to Wiki
149
Tuition Free Tuition Free
Week Week
Task Week 1 Week 2 Week 7
Stage 3
Cut the Cardboard by
following the measurement
that already provide
150
Make the cargo
Make the Tyres
Make the car
axle
Start Assembly
Make the car
body
Make the cargo
Stick the tyre and axle
Stick the tyre and axle with
the car body
Prototype testing
11.0 Appendix D Record of Message
This is the conversation during the meeting
151
12.0 Appendix E Record of Email
The evidence that prove Yuk Sang have send the Minutes of meeting to company
SkyTrain
152
13.0 Appendix F Certificate for previous project
This is the certificate for previous project
153
14.0 Appendix G Picture of Previous Product
154
Diagram show the circuit
The circuit already set up
155
156
15.0 Appendix H Summary of Client Brief
This is the Client Brief Summary
The client Empact requires a vehicle to be constructed, and the design will be tested by
rolling down a slope between 30-45 degrees for 2 metres and falling through a vertical drop of
1 metre without sustaining any significant damage. For the design constraints, the finished
prototype must conform to a number of key constraints indicated by the client, the prototype
must be designed to travel in a self-guided straight line for 2 metres, down a slope set to not
less than 30-degrees. The prototype will be subject to a vertical drop of 1 metre, and must
land and stay on its wheels. During assembly, this has been scaled down to require the
prototype to carry a weight, in the form of 600ml water bottle. This cargo must be loaded onto
the top of the prototype, and the load must be visible during testing. The prototype must fit
within an A3 sheet of paper (420mm x 297mm) the maximum height of the project is 210mm.
The prototype also need at least two axles and the axle must allow the prototype to move
down a slope of 30 degrees. The cost to build this prototype cannot exceed then Rm30 and the
recycle material must be count 50% from the original price. The prototype must be designed
such that no manual control is required between the release onto the slope, and the end of
testing, the prototype must end testing with at least one set of wheel contact with the ground
floor, and without damage or split cargo. The prototype will be tested in Assignment 6 and the
mark will be awarded base on the compliance and performance of the vehicle.
157
16.0 Appendix I Table of comparison cost between three store
Place Tesco Giant Supersave
Material
Cardboard RM0.80 RM1.20 RM1.00
Duct Tape RM4.00 RM5.20 RM4.80
Hot Glue Stick RM0.80 RM1.10 RM1.00
Rubber Band RM1.20 RM1.50 RM1.00
158
17.0 Appendix J Table of the cheapest Material
Place Tesco, Giant, Supersave
Material
Cardboard RM0.80(Tesco)
Duct Tape RM4.00(Tesco)
Hot Glue Stick RM0.80(Tesco)
Rubber Band RM1.00(Supersave)
159
18.0 Appendix K Calculation to prove the Cheapest cost is less than estimated value
Estimated Value
Cardboard = RM1.00
Duct Tape = RM4.80
Aluminium Tin = RM2.00
Chopstick = -
Straw = -
Hot Glue Stick = RM1.00
Rubber Band = RM1.00
RM1.00 + RM4.80+ RM2.00+ RM1.00+ RM1.00 = RM9.80
The cheapest cost
Cardboard = RM0.80
Duct Tape = RM4.00
Aluminium Tin = RM2.00
Chopstick = -
Straw = -
Hot Glue Stick = RM0.80
Rubber Band = RM1.00
RM0.80 + RM4.00+ RM2.00+ RM0.80+ RM1.00 = RM8.60
160

Tender Submission Review

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Tender Submission Review

Company Name: SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd.

Designing Company Tendering Companies

SkyTrain Sdn. Bhd. Brumalindesh Elicturus Nikola

Designers Designers Designers Designers

Brumalindesh Tech delivered an unsatisfactorily edited tender with inconsistent

Elicturus submitted a well-edited, neat tender. This company shows adequate

Nikola presented a comprehensive tender submission supported with exceptional

As for Nikola, this company has provided us with another recommendation to

In reflection of the concerns outlines by each contracting company, SkyTrain Sdn.

4.1 Time Management

It is understood that Brumalindesh Tech is a company built up on people from

In appendix D of Nikolas tender submission, it is shown that they can communicate

Brumalindesh Techs Muhammad Rizky Ramadhan has provided us with his

Team Role Name Miri ID Perth ID

2.2 Materials List

Materials Dimensions(m Function Quantit Price Supplier

2.4 Method of Constructing

(A) Car Body

Table 4: Cardboards used for car body

Diagram 1: Final result of cardboard A1

Diagram 2: Final result of cardboard B1

Diagram 4: Final result of cardboard C1

Diagram 5: Final result of cardboard D1

Table 6: Cardboards used for cargo

Diagram 6: Final result of cardboard E1

4. Cut and prepare a piece of cardboard F1 with dimensions 92x70x5.

Diagram 7: Final result of cardboard F1

Diagram 8: Preparation of car tyres

Table 7: Items needed for preparation of car tyres

Diagram 9: Measurements of straw

2. Cut out 2 pieces of 10mm-wide and 100mm-long duct tape.

Diagram 10: Measurements of chopsticks and duct tape

Diagram.11: Attachment of cardboard B1 to cardboard A1

Diagram 12: Slotting cardboards B2 to cardboard B1

5. Lastly, slot cardboard D1 through the protruding parts of cardboards C1

Diagram 14: Slotting cardboard D1 to cardboards C1

Diagram 15: Slotting cardboards E1 to cardboards C1

Diagram 16: Attachment of cardboard F1 onto cargo

(C) Tyres and Car Axles

Diagram 17: Car Axle

Diagram 18: Attachment of tyres to car axles

Diagram 19: Attachment of tyres and car axles to car base

3.2 Criteria Detail

Evaluation Marks Allocation

Evaluation Marks Allocation

Communication Never replies Replies emails and Replies emails and

Communicate with Communicate with

Qualification Unable to present Able to present one Able to provide more

Evidence provided Evidence provided

Fail to show Show one evidence Show more than two

Professionalism Zero understanding Have brief Understand clients

Never give Provide some Provide

Costing Unable to provide a Able to provide a full Able to produce a

Excessive budget Construction cost are Construction cost

Apply tiny portion of Apply some of the

Criteria Tender 1 Tender 2 Tender 3

Costing and Resources /6 /6 /6

Total mark: /30 /30 /30

Table 12: Risk Matrix

Likelihood or Consequence Severity

Almost certain High High Extreme Extreme Extreme

Likely Moderate High High Extreme Extreme