Disease Buzzwords/mnemoni Morphology Clinical Etiology/pathogenesis microscopy

cs manifestation
Post High ASO decreased Infiltration by Sudden fever, Group A-strep Granular
streptococcal C3 leukocytes, malaise,nausea, Immunecomplex mmediated deposits of IgG
glumerulonephrit endothelial oliguria, REDCELL mechanism and IgM and
is and CASTS C3.
mesangial
proliferation
Non strep. Granular Staph, endocarditis,
Glumerulonephri immunoflourescent pneumococcal pneumonia and
tis deposits, HIV meningococcemia, HBV, HCV,
mumps, HIV, malaria and
toxoplasmosis
Rapidly Severe glomerular Proliferation Renal failure Type I-goodpastures syndrome Linear GBM
Progressive Injury of parietal Respond well to anti GBM fluorescence,
Glomerulonephri Death in weeks cells lining steroid, hematuria Type ii-immune complex pauci immune
tis RGPN or the bowman with rbc casts, Type 3- pauci immune Wegener
Crescentic GN capsule- moderate proteinuria circulating ANCA
crescent
shape
Nephritic syndrome

Nephrotic

Disease Buzzwords/mnemonics Morphology Clinical Etiology/pathogenesi microscopy

manifestation s
Membranous 30% in adults,common, Uniform and diffuse Proteinuria, Chronic immune THICK BASAL
Nephropathy DISC, drugs, infection, capillary wall PROGRESSIVE complex, C5b-C9 MEMBRANE
Systemic SLE, CA thickening and poor MAC-capillary wall Spikes
85%idiopathic prognosis injury
SPIKE AND DOME
appearnce
Minimal-Change Most common nephrotic Gromeruli are MASSIVE Normal in
DS. ds in CHILDREN normal in light PROTEINURIA, Immune dysfunction light
2-6 years microscope Treated by steroids microscopy
LIPOID Nephrosis
Focal Segmental Most common neprhrotic Not all glomeruli are High hematuria, Secondary event IgM and C3
Glumerulosclerosis Ds in ADULTS involved and POOR RESPONSE after IgA present in the
 AIDS PATIENTS, DRUG segments are only TO STEROIDS, nephropathy sclerotic areas
ABUSERS, hiv and heroin involved, CRF-50% and
ESRD-in 10 years mesangium
Membranoprolifer MESANGIOCAPILLARY Gromeruli are large
ative GLOMERULONEPHRITIS and hypercellular
Glomerulonephriti Primary-idiopathic TypeI-
s Secondary -systemic c3granular,granular
Type2-densedeposit
ds,
ISOLATED URINARY ABNORMALITIES

Disease Buzzwords/mnemo Morphology Clinical Etiology/pathogenesis histology

nics manifestation
IgA Nephropathy BERGER DS. Mesangial Gross heamturia IgA1-forms nephritogenic Electron dense
IgA deposits in widening after infection of deposits mesangium
mesangial upper
regions respiratory, GIT
MCC GN or Urinary tract
worldwide Recurrence is
frequent in
kidney
transplants
Alport Syndrome X-linked Vascular sclerosis, Deafness, Prominent in Male child
Type IV collagen tubular atrophy, lamina densa Females are carriers
interstitial splitting-
sclerosis basket weave
appearance
Thin basement Benign familial Diffuse thining of Resembles HEREDiTARY
Membrane lesion Hematuria GBM alport
syndrome
Chronic END STAGE Complete insidious
Glomerulonephri OF:post strep, replacement of all
tis crescent, membra, glomeruli shown
focal, by MASSON
membranoprolifera trichome prep,
tive, IgAN, blue staining
collagen
TUBULAR AND INTERSTITIAL DISEASES

Disease Buzzwords/mnem Morphology Clinical Etiology/pathogenesis histology

onics manifestation
Acute Kidney Acute tubular Ischemic-skip Rapid reduction Ischemic, nephrotoxic,
Injury AKI necrosis Nephrotoxic- of renal function hypersensitivity to drugs,
proximal upto 400ml per urinary obstruction
day Tubular injury causes luminal
obstruction,decreased GFR
Tubulointerstitial METABOLLIC Toxin,metabolic, ohysical factor,
Nephritis ACIDOSIS, salt infections, immunologic
wasting, polyuria,
nocturia,
Acute BACTERIAL Patchy After acute Infection, reflux of urine to the SHOW
Pyelonephritis INFECTIONS inflammation, stage, healing bladder, GRAYISH
induced by aggregates of occurs, PYURIA, WHITE AREAS
hematogenous neutrophils and LEUKOCYTE IN SURFACE
spread tubular necrosis CASTS OF KIDNEY
WHITE CELL Papillary necrosis,
CASTS in urine pyonephrosis,periph
renic abscess

Disease Buzzwords/mnem Morphology Clinical Etiology/pathogenesis histology

onics manifestation
Chronic Chronic BLUNTED CALYCES Reflux neutropathy THYROIDIZATI
Pyelonephritis tubulointerstitial and U shaped Chronic obstructive ON OF KIDNEY
inflammation scars pyelonephritis
COLLOID ASSYMETRICAL
CASTS(Thyroidiza kidney
tion)
Analgesic PHENACETIN papillary necrosis More common in BROWNISH
Nephropathy thylanol and chronic women, renal NECROTIC
CORTICAL tubulointerstitial stones, head PAPILLA
changes(loss and nephritis ache, anemia,
atrophy) HYPERTENSION
VASCULAR DISEASES

Disease Buzzwords/mnem Morphology Clinical Etiology/pathogenesis histology

onics manifestation
Benign HYALINE Resembles grain
Nephrosclerosis ARTERIOSCLEROSI leather, medial
S hypertrophy,
fibroelastic
hyperplasia
Malignant HYPERPLASTIC Flea bitten 200/120mmhg,
Nephrosclerosis ARTERIOSCLEROSI appearance in pappiledea=ma,
S kidney cardiovascular
Onion skin lesion abnormalities,
SCOTOS or SPOTS Increased ICP
before the EYE
RENAL ARTERY RENIN induced Fibromuscular Atheromatous plaque
STENOSIS hypertension dysplasia Intimal, medial and adventitial
Hyperaldosteronis hyperplasia
m
YOUNGER FEMALE

CYSTIC DISEASES

Disease Buzzwords/mnem Morphology Clinical Etiology/pathogenesis histology

onics manifestation
Multicystic Renal Cuffs of primitive Immature IMMATURE
Dysplasia stroma cartilage, CARTILAGE
Island of cartilage abnormal lobar
organization,
IRREGULAR,
ENLARGED,
Autosomal MVP-mitral valve Intracranial berry
 Dominant prolapsed aneurysm
POLYCYSTIC CHROMOSOME16 Spleen, pancreas
KIDNEY DISEASE and lungs
ASSYMPTOMATIC

Urinary tract Obstruction

Disease Buzzwords/mnemonics Morpholo Clinical manifestation Etiology/pathogenesis histology

gy
Urolithia Cysteine-amino acids,cystenuria
sis or Uric acid-GOUt and leukemia
Stones Magnesium ammonium phosphate-
Proteus and Staphyloccous ammonia
Calcium oxalate-
hyperparathyroidism and sarcoidosis

BENIGN TUMORS

Disease Buzzwords/mnemon Morphology Clinical manifestation Etiology/pathogenesis histology

ics
Renal In Cortex- PALE Well Arise from RENAL TUBULAR CUBOIDAL
Papillary yellow gray, circumscribed EPITHELIUM CELLS NO
Adenoma nodules ATYPIA
angiomyolipo Vessels, smooth
ma muscle fat
Oncocytoma 5-15% tan
mahogany brown
numerous
mitochondria