PEKA Physics Form 4 CHAPTER 2: Forces and Motion

TITLE :Experiment 2.3 : THE EFFECTS OF FORCE

INSTRUMENT :SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION EXPERIMENT REPORT

INSTRUCTION:

1. Prepare a report with the procedures for an Investigative Scientific Experiment from the
stimulus shown in the diagram.
2. Carry out the experiment in the lab to collect and record the data then interpret the
data and make a conclusion.
3. Write a task report

STIMULUS:

DIAGRAM 1.1 DIAGRAM 1.2

Diagram 1.1 shows a horse pulling a carriage. Diagram 1.2 shows two horses of the same
strength are now pulling the same carriage. It is observed that the carriage in Diagram
1.2, moves faster than that in Diagram 1.1.

APPARATUS :Ticker timer, 12 V a.c. power supply, 2 identical trolleys and inclined plane.
MATERIALS :5 elastic cords and ticker tape.
PROCEDURE :

1. Arrange the apparatus as shown in the diagram.

2. Switch on the ticker timer and pull the trolleys using the elastic cord (1F) attached
to the trolleys.
3. Analyse the ticker tape to determine the acceleration, a of the trolleys and record
the value.
4. Repeat procedures 1 to 3 using two (2F), three, (3F), four (4F), and five (5F), elastic
cords, each time the cords are pulled to fixed (constant) length.
5. Plot the graph of acceleration, a against force, F
6. Determine the gradient of the graph.

Task Report Format:

1. Date 8. Arrangement of the apparatus .

2. Title 9. The procedure of the experiment.
3. Aim of the experiment. 10. Result
4. Inference 11. Graph
5. Hypothesis 12. Discussion.
6. Variables in the experiment 13. Conclusion
7. Apparatus and Materials 14. Precaution
PEKA Physics Form 4 CHAPTER 2: Forces and Motion

SKEMA : Experiment 2.3:THE EFFECTS OF FORCE

1 CI PI 1 Inference : Acceleration depends on the applied force

(PART 1)
2 CI PI 2 Hypothesis : When the force increase , the acceleration also increase.
(PART 1)
3 CI PI 3 Aim : To study the relationship between force and acceleration .
(PART 1)
4 CI PI 4 Manipulated variable : Force
(PART 1) Responding variable : acceleration
5 Constant (fixed) variable : Mass
6 CI PI 1 Apparatus and Materials: Ticker time. 12 V a.c power supply, inclined plane,
(PART 2) trolley, ticker tape, elastic band and cellophane tape.
7 CI PI 2 Arrangement of apparatus :
(PART 2)

8 CI PI 3 The procedure of the experiment.

(PART 2) 1. Arrange the apparatus as shown in the diagram.
9 2. Switch on the ticker timer and pull the trolleys using the elastic cord (1F)
10 attached to the trolleys.
3. Analyse the ticker tape to determine the acceleration, a of the trolleys and
record the value.
4. Repeat procedures 1 to 3 using two (2F), three, (3F), four (4F), and five (5F),
elastic cords, each time the cords are pulled to fixed (constant) length.
5. Plot the graph of acceleration, a against force, F
6. Determine the gradient of the graph.

11 Tabulation of data:
CI PI 4 Initial Final
(PART 2) Force, Time taken between u Acceleration
velocity, velocity,
CIII PI 1 F/N and v, t/s , a/cms-2
u/cm-1 v/cm-1
F
CIII PI 2
CIII PI 3 2F
3F 2 decimal places
CIII PI 4
4F
5F

12 Analyse the data .

CIV Graph: Title - Acceleration, a against Force , F
PI,P2,P3 Label y-axis ; Acceleration , a / cms-2 and x-axis ; Force, F/N

Discussion :
CIV P4 1. gradient of the graph = .. cms-2 N -1

CIV P6 Conclusion ; Acceleration, a is directly proportionately with the Force , F

CIV P7 Precaution; 1. Always pull the elastic cords to a fixed length to maintain a contant
force.