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BACHELOR IN ENGINEERING
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING)
Internship training in Addis Ababa International airport
FROM 28/02/2017 to /06/2017
SUBMITTED BY: -
1) BERNABAS SOLOMON
SUBMITTED To:
SUBMITTED date:
PREFACE
I personally feel proud and happy in writing this training report that I have completed
my training in such a good organization which taught me so many useful things.
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled: 1. design of hydraulic is an authentic
record of my own work carried out at Addis Ababa international airport enterprise as
requirements of four-month project from a period of March 22, 2017 to June 30 2017 under
the guidance of MR. (Academic Advisor) and engineer ALELGN (company advisors).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Above all I would like to thank the Almighty God for He is the base of all the successful
progress of my life as a whole and this study as a particular. I feel immense pleasure in
completing this training and submitting this final report. The whole internship period with
Ethiopian airport has been full of learning and a sense of contribution towards increasing
the practical knowledge. A successful training can never be completed by the efforts of a
single person, but it also demands the help and guardianship of some conversant person who
helped the undersigned actively or passively in completion of successful training. During the
actual training i would like to express my special thanks and heartfelt appreciation to my
internship supervisors Ato. Habetom ,Asegedech and Ato Fikermaryam for their supporting
and valuable advising during the course of the internship and for their support by sharing
their understand that help me to safe completion of my internship.
My next gratitude goes to the staffs in AASTU as they provided me with all services needed
for the achievement of my goal in the last 4 years stay. The Department of Mechanical
Engineering takes great thanks for the unforgettable contributions it made in developing our
professional knowledge and skills we need in the real world which in turn is useful to our
country.
At the end but not the least, we strongly thank our parents and others who helped us either
financially, technically or morally from a very beginning up to this stage.
Bernabas Solomon
ABSTRACT
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
ABSTRACT ii
CONTENTS iii
LIST OF FIGURES iv
LIST OF TABLES ix
Chapter1 6
1.1 History of Ethiopian Airport Enterprise 6
1.2 Main services given by Ethiopian Airport Enterprise 8
1.3 End users of Ethiopian Airport Enterprise 8
1.4 The overall organization of the enterprise 9
Chapter 2 11
Project: Underground Cable Earthed Fault Detection 11
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Problem statement and justification 12
2.3 Objectives of the project 12
2.4 Used Materials 12
2.5 Methodology 12
2.5.1 Selecting VDC 15
2.5.2 Selecting multi-meters 16
2.5.3 Final generalized circuit 16
2.6 Conclusion 20
Chapter 3 21
Overall Internship Experience and our specific Work 21
3.1 Objective 21
3.2 Why we are select this company 21
3.3 Our Working Sections 21
3.3.1Security communication and automation 21
3.3.2Airfield and Ground lighting 30
3.4 What we are doing? 34
3.5 Challenges we have been facing and measures we have been tacking 35
Chapter 4 36
4.1The overall Benefits that we gained from our internship program 36
In terms of improve our practical skill 36
In terms of understanding about work ethics issues, industrial psychology and related issue 36
In terms of interpersonal communication skills 37
Chapter 5 38
Conclusion and Overall Recommendation 38
LITERATURE REVIEW
Chapter1
thirty five million seven hundred four thousands and three hundred eighty six birr). It is
established as a public enterprise for different purposes like developing and maintaining standard
airports throughout the country, delivering safe and secure plus reliable airport services to
passengers and other users of the airport like cargo and aircraft.
The enterprise manages all the airports in Ethiopia. Including Addis Ababa bole international
airport (AABIA) the enterprise administers seventeen regional Airports .Within this seventeen
regional airports four of them are international airports; Mekelle Alula Abanega international
airport, Addis Ababa bole international airport, Dire Dawa international airport and
BahirdarGinbot 20 international airport. In Addis Ababa bole international airport, the airport
accommodates 150 flights per day.
In 2005 there was an expansion plan to do in Addis Ababa bole international airport like as
adding a new run way, constructing new control tower which has a thirty eight meters height and
a new terminal with shopping centers, bank service, free Wi-Fi service and restaurants with in it.
Currently the airport can provide those services but it also starts other brand new expansion
program for four years. This brand new expansion program is planned to be completed in
2018.the main aim of the new expansion program is to triple the number of passengers it handles
from seven million to 20 million per a year. China Communication Construction Company
(CCCC) is carrying out this work at a cost of $300 million, set for completion by 2018.
It was established as a public enterprise entrusted with the mandate of executing quality airport
infrastructure and service to its customers, having its own distinct mission, vision, and core
values.
Mission
Core Values
Security
Quality service
Team Work
Continuous improvement
Integrity
Under its nation-wide responsibility, the Ethiopian Airports Enterprise administers
seventeen airports throughout Ethiopia, out of which, four of them are international.
These are; Mekelle Alula Abanega international airport, Addis Ababa bole international
airport, Dire Dawa international airport and BahirdarGinbot 20 international airport.
- NonAeronautical services
Aeronautical Services
This are services provided for essential operations that are required for airlines operations
(runway, runway light, taxiway, taxiway light, apron, apron light /flood light, aerobridge are few
to mention).
Cafe and Restaurant: - several restaurants and lounges are available, serving both local
and international fare.
Shopping:-Various shops can be found at the airport, including gift retailers and duty-
free outlets.
Medical Service:- Emergency medical services are available.
Telecommunications, Internet, postal service,Bank and parking.
Strategic planning team; which is organized under the umbrella of strategic planning
and finance directorate. The team carries out activities of preparation and implementation
of the enterprise long and medium term strategic plan. The major activities of strategic
planning team are like preparation of long and medium term strategic plan, preparation of
the enterprises annual plan and performance evaluation report and conducting impact
assessment and different researches which will have vital role for the successful
implementation of the strategic plan.
The safety management office; which is established as a core process responsible to the
chief executive officer. Its major objective is to change the traditional days of safety
management activities to standard and organized system supported by standard safety
manuals by doing major activities like making safety audits of each airport ,general
assessment of each airport with regard to facility and trained operation personnel,
preparing standard safety manuals and certify airports and preparing standard safety
management system manuals.
Human resource development and management directorate; which has a mission to
establish an efficient, effective and transparent human resource development and
management practice which support the enterprise in order to achieve its strategic goal by
managing staff grievance, ensuring industrial peace, administer terminal activities and
administer personal records.
The information and IT management directorate; which is one of the vital sections of
EAE under the new structure which was proposed after the recent business process
reengineering scheme. It has major activities like enhancing the development of IT within
the enterprise, providing support and advice to EAEs work units and providing effective
service mechanisms for back office users.
Airport infrastructure development directorate; which is one of the economic sectors.
At present the directorate is coordinating the construction of the major projects.
Airport facilities management and maintenance directorate; which are used for the
purpose of achieving success in all airports service provision. The directorate has the
major duties like developing appropriate facilities usage and operational procedure or
manual, developing and implementing appropriate and standard maintenance
management system and analyzing facilities performance efficiency and developing
professional or sound recommendation to enable EAE to make an informed decision.
Main executive
Airport facilities
Human resource AABIA and maintenance
development and directorate
management
directorate
directorate
Market Airport
Strategic infrastructure
planning and development
finance directorate development
directorate
Customer
Common service
service directorate
directorate
The hydraulic lift is used in applications where the maximum travel distance is about 20m.
The maximum traveling speed of commercially available hydraulic lifts is limited to about
0.75m/s.
This type of lift is suited to low intensity usage and is limited to around a maximum of 50
starts per hour.
The hydraulic lift has the advantage of lower capital cost when compared with a traction lift
Designing of elevator
DESIGN DATA AND FORMULAS (AMERICAN PRACTICE) ASME FORMULAE
MODIFIED S.I. UNITS BASED ON IMechE, LONDON
2.5.1 Introduction to basic formulas
For the purpose of structural design, the rated load shall be considered to be not less than:
(Imperial Units), ASME
Structural rated load (lb) = 4.6(W + 8)A (2.25)
(SI Units), IMechE
Structural rated load (kg) = 0.27(W + 203)A (2.26)
where
A = length of the horizontal projection of the entire truss measured along its centreline, ft (m)
W = width of the escalator, in. (mm).
Machinery
(1) For the purpose of driving machine and power transmission calculations, the rated load for all
single driving machines shall be considered to be not less than:
(Imperial Units), ASME
Machinery rated load (lb) = 3.5(W + 8)B1 (2.27)
(SI Units), IMechE
Machinery rated load (kg) = 0.21(W + 203)B1 (2.28)
(2) The rated load per module for two or more modular driving machines shall be considered to
be not less than:
(Imperial Units), ASME
Machinery rated load (lb) = 3.5(W + 8)B2 (2.29)
Limits of speed
The rated speed shall be not more than 125 ft/min (0.64 m/s), measured along the centreline of the
steps in the direction of travel.
Minimum rated load, passenger elevators
The following formulas shall be used for determining the minimum rated load of passenger elevators
(see also Rule 207.1 from the code).
(a) For an elevator having an inside net platform area of not more than 50 ft2 (4.65 m2)
(Imperial Units), ASME
W = 0.667A2 + 66.7A (2.30)
(SI Units), IMechE
W = 35.05A2 + 325.7A (2.31)
Specifications for the design of lifts or elevators
(b) For an elevator having an inside net platform area of more than 50 ft2 (4.65 m2)
(Imperial Units), ASME
W = 0.0467A2 + 125A 1367 (2.32)
(SI Units), IMechE
W = 2.454A2 + 610.3A 620.1 (2.33)
Car frame plank (buffer engagement)
The following formula shall be used to determine the stress resulting from buffer engagement:
(Imperial Units), ASME
Stress (psi) = D(C + W)/ 2Z (2.34)
(SI Units), IMechE
Stress (kPa) = 0.009807D(C + W) /2Z (2.35)
Where more than one oil buffer is used, the formula shall be modified to suit the location of the
buffers.
Car frame uprights (stiles)
The total stress in each car frame upright due to tension and bending, and the slenderness ratio of each
upright and its moment of inertia, shall be determined in accordance with the following formulas:
(a) Stresses due to bending and tension
(Imperial Units), ASME
Total stress (psi) = KL /4HZu + G/ 2A (2.36)
(SI Units), IMechE
Total stress (kPa) = 0.009807 (KL /4HZu + G /2 A ) (2.37)
Where KL/4HZu is the bending stress in each upright in the plane of the frame due to live load
W on the platform for the class of loading A, B or C for which the elevator is to be used (see
Rule 207.2b), G/2A is the tensile strength in each upright and K is determined by the following
formulas [see Fig. 2.11]:
(1) For Class A freight loading or passenger loading
(Imperial Units), ASME
K = WE / 8 (2.38)
(SI Units), IMechE
K = 9.807 ( WE/ 8 ) (2.39)
(2) For Class B freight loading
(Imperial Units), ASME
K = W( E/ 2 48 ) or K = WE / 8 (2.40)
Whichever is greater
2.5.4 Factors of safety for suspension wire ropes for power elevators
2.5.4.1 Impact on buffer supports
Buffer reaction and impact for oil buffer supports
The following formulas give the buffer reaction and the impact of the supports of car and
counterweight spring buffers which do not fully compress under the conditions.
(a) Buffer reaction
(Imperial Units)
R = W (1 + V2 / 64 .4 S ) (2.78)
(SI Units)
R = W 9.807 + V 2/ 2S (2.79)
P = 2R (2.80)
Buffer reaction and impact for spring buffer supports
The following formulas give the buffer reaction and the impact on the supports of car and
counterweight spring buffers which do not fully compress under the conditions.
(a) Buffer reaction
(Imperial Units)
R = 2W( 1 +V2 / 64.4S) (2.81)
(SI Units)
R = 2W( 9.807 + V2 / 2S (2.82)
(b) Impact
P=R (2.83)
where
P = impact, lbf (N)
R = buffer reaction, lbf (N)
S = buffer stroke, ft (m)
v = speed at impact, ft/sec (m/s)
W = weight of car plus rated load or weight of counterweight, lb (kg).