Section B

(50 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

1 Diagram 1 shows a section through the human heart.

s
Q
R

a) Name the parts labelled P and S

P :___________________________________________________________

S :___________________________________________________________
(2marks)

b) What is oxygenated blood ?

___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

(1marks)

c) In diagram 1, shade the cavity of the ventricle which contain deoxygenated blood.
(2marks)
 d) Explain why the wall around chamber Q is much thicker than that around chamber
R?

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____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

(3 marks)

e) Arteries and veins are important blood vessels in the circulatory system.

Describe two ways in which the structure of an artery differs from the structure of a
vein
(4marks)

i. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

ii. ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. Diagram 1.2 shows a part of lung of smoker.

 i. Explain how smoking habit
would affect the alveoli
structure shown above.

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2marks)
ii. How would the presence of carbon monoxide in respiratory system affect the rate of

cellular respiration?
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(3marks)

iii. List three features in alveolus that adapted for efficient exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(3marks)

3. Figure below shows a bacterium ,a fungus and a virus.

 (3marks)

(3marks)

4 .Label xylem and phloem structure in stem and roots

(4marks)
 (4 marks )

Describe
how the
structure
of xylem
tissue is
adapted
to its

functions.

___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

(6marks)

5. The diagram below shows the stages involved in one process of defence against disease.
 a) Name the cell involve in above process
(1mark)

___________________________________________________________________
b) Name the process that the diagrams represent
(1mark)

___________________________________________________________________

c) How does the cell recognize the bacterium as a foreign bodies ?

(2marks)

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d) Name two disease in human that are caused by bacteria .

(2marks)

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e) What is meant by term vaccine ?
(2marks)
__________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

__

Example Method of becoming immune Active or passive

immunity

A Receiving a vaccine
B Become infected with virus
C Receiving anti venom
D A baby feeding on colostrum
E A fetus receiving antibodies
across the placenta
(5marks)