Kazaryan 1

PLASTIC SURGERIES

Tanya Kazaryan

12 Grade English

Mr.Janosch

January 6, 2017
 Kazaryan 2

Plastic Surgeries

When you hear of plastic surgery, what do you think of? A Hollywood star trying to delay

the effects of aging? People who want to change the size of their stomachs, breasts, or other body

parts because they see it done so easily on TV?Those are common images of plastic surgery, but

what about the 4-year-old boy who has his chin rebuilt after a dog bit him? Or the young woman

who has the birthmark on her forehead lightened with a laser? Because of plastic surgeries the

society often has low self-esteem. Since celebrities do plastic surgeries people all around the

world think that beauty has to be flawless. The low self-esteem, originally acquired from the

fake and technologically enhanced woman, has now caused this woman to take extreme

measures in order to resemble the perfect body image. (Plastic Surgery and the Media) More

and more women feel self-conscious and have a low self-esteem because of the measurements

that we are being put up with. Daily women are being compared to the pictures in the media, and

take extreme measures in order to resemble the perfect body image. Unattainable beauty and our

cultures obsession with thinness have deeply scarred our society. Years ago, plastic surgery was

unheard of and frowned upon. It is sad that we have come this far in medical technologically and

we have this many more deaths related to plastic surgery.

"As the popularity of plastic surgery continues to grow, many psychologists likely

already have--or will encounter--a patient that has thought about or undergone a cosmetic

procedure," Plastic Surgery: Beauty or beast?). Therefore it will be increasingly important for

psychologists to be able to talk with patients about their appearance concerns and what may

make someone a good or bad candidate for cosmetic surgery, he says. The number of cosmetic

procedures increased by 44 percent from 2003 to 2004, according to the American Society for
 Kazaryan 3

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Plastic surgeons conducted a record 11.9 million procedures last year,

including nonsurgical procedures like Botox and surgical procedures like breast augmentation or

liposuction. Physically attractive people often receive preferential treatment and are perceived by

others as more sociable, dominant, mentally healthy and intelligent than less attractive people,

according to research by psychologist Alan Feingold. "It's not like looking good doesn't have real

advantages--it does," Zuckerman says. "If some people get plastic surgery and other people don't,

is that going to put the people who don't at all kinds of disadvantages, such as in finding a job or

spouse?"

Nearly 30 years ago, many mental health professionals viewed patients who sought

cosmetic surgery as having psychiatric issues, but many studies since then suggest that

those who seek cosmetic surgery have few differences pathologically with those who don't

have surgery, Sarwer says.

Researchers have found that self-esteem of a consumer can be lowered by a product with

bigger size label, they would also like the product less as a result. In consequence, as psychology

applies, brands typically apply vanity sizing as part of their marketing strategies. Researchers

also found that 44% of women express negative feelings about both individual body parts and

their bodies as a whole. The magazine, Psychology Today found that 56% of the women and

about 40% of the men who responded to their survey in 1997 were dissatisfied with their overall

appearance. The fashion industry is known for not being inclusive of more races in their runways

and ad campaigns, and several studies that have been conducted prove that the lack of racial

diversity can contribute to body image issues amongst non-white minorities. In the past twenty

years, runway models have transformed from a typical size 6-8 to 0-2. The average weight of a

typical model in the United States was also recorded to be twenty-three percent less than an
 Kazaryan 4

average woman in society. (Body Image)

Americas obsession with beauty has taken its toll on various individuals and in many

different forms, but probably one of the most permanent and drastic examples of our beauty

obsessed society is plastic surgery addiction. With the current larger-than-life-booty and boob

craze that has taken over the American standard of beauty. In an attempt to maintain a youthful

appearance, actors and actresses have done their fair share of time in the plastic surgeon's office.

A little injection here or there they can often get away with (though they may still be ridiculed by

their choice to do so), but time after time, they come out from under the knife with a face full of

mistakes.

The median annual Surgeon - Plastic Reconstructive salary is $363,555, as of December

28, 2016, with a range usually between $304,002-$451,097, however this can vary widely

depending on a variety of factors. The most popular plastic surgery operation in South Korea has

a controversial past. Seoul, South Korea, is the plastic surgery capital of the world, with more

procedures per capita than any other nation. The most common procedure in Korea is

blepharoplasty, or double eyelid surgery. South Korea is a well-known plastic surgery hot spot,

with tourists from other parts of Asia and the world flocking to Seoul for the latest procedures.

It's definitely not limited to tourists, either - according to the Daily Mail, South Koreans have a

higher rate of plastic surgery than any other country, with a full 20 per cent of women aged 20-49

in Seoul saying they've gone under the knife. I didnt even know that South Korea is a hot spot

for plastic surgeries.

When I looked up the statistics on the most popular countries for plastic surgeries, I was

actually surprised. South Korea was the number one country for liposuctions, nose jobs, and
 Kazaryan 5

blepharoplasties, Greece was second in Breast Augmentation, Italy comes after for Botulinum

Toxin Type A (Botox Dysport) and Liposuction, Brazil is famous for Breast Implants and

Liposuction, Columbia is for liposuction, USA is for liposuction and Breast Augmentation, and

last but not least Taiwan is famous for botox and other wrinkle treatments. The biggest surprise is

how far up Greece is on the list, while Brazil is lower on the list than expected. Greece, a country

in the midst of an economic downfall, spent a surprising amount of money on elective surgeries.

A countrys economy and the access to disposable income usually plays a big part in the

demand of plastic surgery unless the government pays for it, says Dr. Malcolm Roth, president

of the American Society for Plastic Surgeons. Meanwhile, Brazil, a country whose government

offers a number of tax deductions found its way lower on the list, to the surprise of the industry.

But the winner for most surgeries per capita is South Korea. Trend Monitor estimates as many as

one in five women have undergone some sort of procedure in Seoul. One of the top procedures is

blepharoplasty, or double eyelid surgery. Over 44,000 such surgeries were performed in 2010.

These results and more are beginning to shed light on the effect globalization is having on the

industry. More and more people in nations across the world are coming to accept plastic surgery.

There were more than four million procedures in the US in 2014, according to the International

Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. That represents more than 20% of all the procedures

globally. South Korea has the highest ratio of procedures per capita. Surgeons in the Asian

country perform around 20 procedures per 1,000 people. The U.S. ranks second on a per capita

basis, with 13 procedures per 1,000. Japan places third with 10 procedures per 1,000, according

numbers from the society. Plastic surgery makes up a part of the vanity capital economy. Vanity

capital spending - which also includes makeup, luxury cars, fitness wear and health supplements

- is now worth an estimated $4.5 trillion, according to Bank of America Merrill Lynch. That
 Kazaryan 6

makes it bigger than Germany's economy. Here is a graph from the bank showing the top five

countries for cosmetic surgery in 2013. Percentages denote the number of surgeries performed in

the country, relative to the global figure of 20 million.

There are many reasons why people choose to have plastic surgery, and when you visit a

plastic surgeon, they will ask your reason for wanting surgery is. They do this for two reasons.

The first, is to determine whether what you want to have done is in fact possible for a surgeon to

do. Some people, for example, may want to have a nose or a pair of breasts that look like their

favorite celebrity nose or breasts. But this isnt always possible due to the unique shapes that

different people have. The second reason, which not many people are aware of, is to determine

whether you are suitable for surgery and whether you would actually benefit from having a

particular procedure done. Some people, for example, would benefit more from seeing a

psychiatrist or a psychologist than they would a plastic surgeon, and a good surgeon would tell

them this if it was the case. The reason you have for wanting plastic surgery will determine

whether a surgeon will agree to operate on you or not. The most common reasons that people

give for wanting to get under the knife, are; bad genes, reversing the signs of aging, sun damaged

skin, acne scars, fixing a physical problem, premature aging from smoking, career boost, fit in

and be liked, make a new start in life, recover from pregnancy, and remove fat. Bad reasons to

give would be; aiming for perfection, feeling depressed, getting your ex back, to recover after a

death, feeling bored, and wanting to please someone else.

Would I ever get a plastic surgery? Although there are many risks and I can get scarred

for life. I would risk it, I would do many things. Ive thought about it a lot, and I considered all

the consequences, if I ever get a plastic surgery, I would go to a really good surgeon and first do
 Kazaryan 7

all the research about him and look at his previous work. I wouldnt change myself entirely, I

would just change the minor things, like get bigger lips and get rid of my extra fat. The only

thing thats stopping me from getting the surgeries right now is the lack of money, if I had

enough money to do it, I would do it without thinking twice, because Ive thought about it for a

long time.

There are two types of plastic surgeries; reconstructive and cosmetic. Reconstructive

procedures correct defects on the face or body. These include physical birth defects like cleft lips

and palates and ear deformities, traumatic injuries like those from dog bites or burns, or the

aftermath of disease treatments like rebuilding a womans breasts after surgery for breasts cancer.

Cosmetic procedures alter a part of the body that the person is not satisfied with. Common

cosmetic procedures include making breasts larger or smaller, reshaping the nose, and removing

pockets of fat from specific spots on the body. Some cosmetic procedures arent even surgical in

the way that most people think of surgery- that is cutting and stitching. For example, the use of

special lasers to remove unwanted hair and sanding skin to improve severe scarring are two such

treatments.
 Kazaryan 8

Work Cited

Kristin Johnson, Plastic Surgery and the Media

Melissa Dittmann, Plastic Surgery: Beauty or Beast?

Crystal Karges, Body Image