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The water tank in the figure is being filled through section 1 at v 1 = 5 m/s
and through section 3 at Q3 = 0.012 m /s. If the water level h is
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constant.
1. Compute the discharge at 2.
2. Compute the exit velocity at 2.
dh
3. If the water level varies and v 2 = 8 m find the rate of change dt
when d = 1.0 m.
Problem 262
A 60 mm diameter siphon is drawing water from an oil reservoir as shown.
If the head loss from 1 to 2 is 1.40 m and from 2 to 3 is 2.30 m.
1. Find the velocity of flow at 3.
2. Find the discharge of oil from the siphon.
3. Find the oil pressure at 2.
Problem 263
Problem 275
Water is being discharged from a reservoir through a turbine as shown at a
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rate of 20 ft /sec. total length of pipe is 270 ft. with a diameter of 36 in.
using Hazen Williams Formula with C=120.
1. Compute the head loss in the pipe system.
2. Compute the total energy extracted by the turbine in order for the
turbine to generate 100 hp.
3. What water-surface elevation is required in the reservoir in order for
the turbine to generate 100 hp?
Problem 276
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The flow rate of water through the turbine shown is 0.20 m /sec and the
pressures at points 1 and 2 are 150 kPa and -35 kPa.
1. Find the exit velocity at point 1 if it has diameter of 250 mm.
2. Compute the energy extracted by the turbine.
3. Compute the power generated by the turbine.
Problem 277
A horizontal 600 mm diameter pipeline carries oil of specific gravity of
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0.825 flowing at a rate of 0.44 m /sec. Each of the 4 pumps required
along the line is the same, i.e, the pressure on the suction side and on the
discharge side will be 60 kPa and 400 kPa, respectively.
1. Compute the head loss between the pump.
2. If the lost head at the discharge stated is 2 m for each 100 m of pipe,
how far apart may the pumps be placed?
3. Compute the friction factor of the pipeline between pumps.
Problem 278
During a test of centrifugal pump, a gage just outside the casing and on the
20 cm, suction pipe registered a pressure of 27.5 kPa less than the
atmospheric. On the 15 cm discharge pipe another gauge indicated a
pressure of 200 kPa above atmospheric. If a vertical distance of 1.0 m
intervened between the pipe centers at the sections where the gauges were
attached when pumping 57 liters/sec. compute the following:
1. The velocity of flow at the suction side.
2. The energy added by the pump.
3. The horsepower expected by the pump in useful work.
Problem 279
Water is being discharged from a reservoir through a turbine as shown.
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Assume unit of weight of water is 9.79 kN /m and c=120 for all pipes. Rate
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of flow is 0.28 m /sec.
1. Determine the total head loss of the pipe.
2. Determine the energy extracted by the turbine to generate 56 kW of
power.
3. Determine the elevation of the water surface in the reservoir that
would be required for the turbine to generate 56 kW of power.
Problem 280
Oil with specific gravity of 0.86 is flowing in a 450 mm diameter steel pipe
line at a velocity of 1.20 m/s. Pumping stations for this pipeline are spaced
8 km. apart.
1. Compute the total head loss of the pipe in m if f = 0.015.
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2. Compute the increase in head in kg/ m .
3. What should be the horsepower expected from each pump.
Problem 281
Water is pumped from reservoir A at elevation 30 m through 1200 m of
600 on pipe to reservoir B at elevation 90 m. The pump is close to reservoir
A and at the same elevation as A. A. hydraulic motor is placed in the
pipeline at a point midway on the length of pipe, and at elevation 80 m. The
motor delivers 56 hp, and is 80% efficient. With water delivery of 890
liters/sec and f = 0.02.
1. Determine the energy extracted by the hydraulic motor.
2. Determine the energy added by the pump.
3. What will be the power output of the pump?
Problem 282
A 300 mm diameter pipe line 3000 m. long runs on a constant grade
between two reservoirs of surface elevations 150 m and 120 m respectively.
The flow rate through the line is inadequate and pump is installed to
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increase the capacity of 0.17 m /s.
1. Assuming a Darcy f of 0.02, compute the head loss of the pipe.
2. Compute the total energy that the pump must supply.
3. Calculate the horsepower that must be delivered to the water to pump
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the 0.17 m /s down the higher to lowest reservoir.
Problem 283
You are asked to design a pump which is to supply fire flow to a hydrant by
way of a 6 diameter ductile iron pipe with roughness coefficient f = 0.025,
and is 800 feet long. Connect to the fire hydrant is a cotton-rubber lined
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fire hose 2 2 inches in diameter (f = 0.018). The hose is 300 feet-long and
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terminates in a nozzle with a tip diameter of 1 2 inches and C=Cv= 0.97,
C being coefficient of discharge and Cv is coefficient of velocity. The nozzle
is at an elevation 25 feet higher than the pump. Assume a pressure loss in
the hydrant of (2 psi).
1. When the flow is (250 gpm) what pressure in pounds per square inch
must be maintained on the discharge side of the pump?
2. If the pressure on the suction side of the pump in the 6 inch diameter
suction pipe is 8. What is the horsepower output of the pump?
3. What is the head loss in the 6 diameter ductile pipe?
4. What is the head loss in the 2.5 diameter hose?
5. What is the velocity head at the nozzle?
Problem 284
A pump is discharging 12 liters/sec of water through 100 mm diameter
smooth steel pipe. When the pressure on the discharge side of the pump is
700 kPa, the discharge pipe is at a point 540 m distant from the pump and
45 m higher in elevation.
1. What is the velocity of flow on the discharge side of the pump?
2. Assuming f = 0.025, compute the head loss in the pipe.
3. Compute the pressure expected in the discharge pipe.
4. Problem 285
A pump draws water from reservoir A and lifts it to reservoir B as shown.
The loss of head from A to 1 is 3 times the velocity head in the 150 mm pipe
and the loss of head from 2 to B is 20 times the velocity head in the 100 mm
pipe. When the discharge is s20 liters/sec.
1. Compute the horsepower output of the pump in kilowatts.
2. Compute the pressure head at 1.
3. Compute the pressure head at 2.
Problem 286
A fire pump delivers water through a 300 mm main to a hydrant to which is
connected a cotton rubber-lined fire base 100 mm in diameter termination
in a 25 mm nozzle. The nozzle is 2.5 m above the hydrant and is 16 m above
the pump. Assuming frictional losses of 3 m. from the pump to the hydrant,
2 m. in the hydrant and 10 m from the hydrant to the base of the nozzle and
a loss in the nozzle of 4% of the velocity head of the jet.
1. What vertical height can the jet be thrown if the gage pressure at the
pump is 550 kPa.
2. Compute the total head loss.
3. Compute the discharge of water out of the nozzle in liter/s.
Problem 287
A 20 hp suction pump operating at 70% efficiently draws water from a
suction line whose diameter is 200 mm and discharges into air through a
line whose diameter is 150 mm. The velocity in the 150 mm line is 3.6 m/s.
If the pressure at point A in the suction pipe is 34 kPa below the
atmosphere, where A is 1.8 m. below B on the 150 mm line.
1. Find the energy added by the pump.
2. Determine the maximum elevation above B to which water can be
raised assuming a head loss of 3 m due to friction.
3. Find the pressure at B.
Problem 288
A turbine is installed as shown in the figure. The gage at 1 us 80 kPa while
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that of B it is -46 kPa. If the rate of flow is 0.48 m /sec.
12 v 42
102 mm pipe is 2g .
2. Find the pressure head at the suction side.
3. Find the velocity at the jet having a diameter of 75 mm.
Problem 292
A concrete rectangular tank as shown in the figure has continuous inflow of
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1.2 m /s and the same discharge exits to a 2 m. wide basin thru a 5- m.
long reinforced barrel 0.90 by 0.90 m. in size. Using entrance loss
coefficient Ke = 0.50, outlet loss coefficient due to sudden enlargement, Ke
= 1.00, and the coefficient of roughness, n = 0.015.
1. Compute the velocity of flow inside the rectangular tank.
2. Compute the friction loss of the concrete rectangular tank.
3. Determine the required difference between the upstream and the
downstream water surgace to allow the passage of the said flow.
Problem 293
A flood control station is built to prevent sewage backflow during high tide.
To reduce the energy consumption, gates were installed so that during low
tide sewage flow freely through its gates. A typical cross-section of the
station is shown. Assume head loss to be 1.20 m of sewage.
1. Compute the total energy output given by the pump to the system so
that it will flow from left to right direction.
2. Compute the power input to the pump operating 75% efficiency if it is
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to discharge 3 m /s of sewage.
3. Compute the maximum height of sea water at which the gate CD (6.5
m wide and 6.0 m high) will start to open. Neglect the weight of the
gate and assume the surface at D to be frictionless.
Problem 294
During a test of centrifugal pump, a gauge just outside the casing and on
the 20 cm. suction pipe registered a pressure of 27.5 kPa less than the
atmospheric. On the 15 cm. discharge pipe another gauge indicated a
pressure of 200 kPa above atmospheric. If a vertical distance of 1.0 m
intervened between the pipe enters at the sections where the gauges were
attached.
1. Determine the velocity and the discharged pipe.
2. Determine the energy added by the pump.
3. What horsepower was expended by the pump in useful work when
pumping 57 liters/sec?