mathcity.org Exercise 4.

4 (Solutions)
Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12
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Point of intersection of lines

Let l1 : a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0
l2 : a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 be non-parallel lines.
Let P ( x1, y1 ) be the point of intersection of l1 and l2 . Then
a1x1 + b1 y1 + c1 = 0.............(i )
a2 x1 + b2 y1 + c2 = 0.............(ii )
Solving (i ) and (ii ) simultaneously, we have
x1 y1 1
= =
b1c2 b2c1 a1c2 a2c1 a1b2 a2b1
x1 1 y1 1
= and =
b1c2 b2c1 a1b2 a2b1 a1c2 a2c1 a1b2 a2b1
bc b c a c a2c1
x1 = 1 2 2 1 and y1 = 1 2
a1b2 a2b1 a1b2 a2b1
bc b c a c a2c1
Hence 1 2 2 1 , 1 2 is the point of intersection of l1 and l2 .
1 2
a b a b
2 1 a b
1 2 a 2 1
b
Equation of line passing through the point of intersection.
Let l1 : a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0
l2 : a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0
Then equation of line passing through the point of intersection of l1 and l2 is
l1 + k l2 = 0 , where k is constant.
i.e. a1x + b1 y + c11 + k ( a2 x + b2 y + c2 ) = 0

Question # 1
(a) l1 : x 2 y + 1 = 0
l2 : 2 x y + 2 = 0
1 1
Slope of l1 = m1 = =
2 2
2
Slope of l2 = m2 = = 2
1
Q m1 m2 , therefore lines are intersecting.
Now if ( x, y ) is the point of intersection of l1 and l2 then
x y 1
= =
(2)(2) (1)(1) (1)(2) (2)(1) (1)(1) (2)(2)
x y 1
= =
4 + 1 2 2 1 + 4
x y 1
= =
3 0 3
x 1 y 1
= and =
3 3 0 3
3 0
x= and y=
3 3
x = 1 and y=0
Hence ( 1,0 ) is the point of intersection.
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 2

(b) l1 : 3 x + y + 12 = 0
l2 : x + 2 y 1 = 0
3
Slope of l1 = m1 = = 3
1
1
Slope of l2 = m2 =
2
Q m1 m2 , therefore lines are intersecting.
Now if ( x, y ) is the point of intersection of l1 and l2 then
x y 1
= =
1 24 3 12 6 1
x y 1
= =
25 15 5
x 1 y 1
= and =
25 5 15 5
25 15
x= = 5 and y = = 3
5 5
Hence ( 5,3) is the point of intersection.
(c) Do yourself as above.

Question # 2 (a)
Let l1 : 2 x + 5 y 8 = 0
l2 : 3 x 4 y 6 = 0
Equation of line passing through point of intersection of l1 and l2 is
2 x + 5 y 8 + k ( 3x 4 y 6 ) = 0.............(i)
Since ( 2, 9 ) lies on (i ) therefore put x = 2 and y = 9 in (i)
2(2) + 5(9) 8 + k ( 3(2) 4(9) 6 ) = 0
4 45 8 + k ( 6 + 36 6 ) = 0
49 + 36k = 0
49
36k = 49 k=
36
Putting value of k in (i )
49
2 x + 5 y 8 + ( 3x 4 y 6 ) = 0
36
72 x + 180 y 288 + 49 ( 3x 4 y 6 ) = 0 ing by 36
72 x + 180 y 288 + 147 x 196 y 294 = 0
219 x 16 y 582 = 0 is the required equation.

Question # 2 (b)
Let l1 : x y 4 = 0
l2 : 7 x + y + 20 = 0
l3 : 6 x + y 14 = 0
Let l4 be a line passing through point of intersection of l1 and l2 , then
l4 : l1 + k l2 = 0
x y 4 + k ( 7 x + y + 20 ) = 0.............(i)
(1 + 7k ) x + ( 1 + k ) y + ( 4 + 20k ) = 0
1 + 7k
Slope of l4 = m1 =
1 + k
 FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 3

6
Slope of l3 = m2 = = 6
1
(i) If l3 and l4 are parallel then
m1 = m2
1 + 7k
= 6
1 + k
1 + 7k = 6 ( 1 + k ) 1 + 7 k = 6 + 6k
7 k 6 k = 6 1 k = 7
Putting value of k in (i )
x y 4 7 ( 7 x + y + 20 ) = 0
x y 4 49 x 7 y 140 = 0
48 x 8 y 144 = 0
6 x + y + 18 = 0
is the required equation
(ii) If l3 and l4 are then
m1m2 = 1
1 + 7k
( 6 ) = 1
1 + k
6 (1 + 7k ) = ( 1 + k ) 6 + 42k = 1 k
5
42k + k = 1 6 43k = 5 k =
43
Putting in (i ) we have
5
x y4 ( 7 x + y + 20 ) = 0
43
43x 43 y 172 5 ( 7 x + y + 20 ) = 0
43 x 43 y 172 35 x 5 y 100 = 0
8 x 48 y 272 = 0
x 6 y 34 = 0 is the required equation.

Question # 2(c)
Suppose l1 : x + 2 y + 3 = 0
l2 : 3 x + 4 y + 7 = 0
Equation of line passing through the intersection of l1 and l2 is given by:
x + 2 y + 3 + k ( 3x + 4 y + 7 ) = 0 (i)
(1 + 3k ) x + (2 + 4 k ) y + (3 + 7 k ) = 0
(1 + 3k ) x + (2 + 4k ) y = (3 + 7 k )
(1 + 3k ) x (2 + 4k ) y
+ =1
(3 + 7 k ) (3 + 7 k )
x y
+ =1
(3 + 7 k ) (3 + 7 k )
(1 + 3k ) (2 + 4k )
Which is two-intercept form of equation of line with
(3 + 7k ) (3 + 7k )
x intercept = and y intercept =
(1 + 3k ) (2 + 4k )
We have given
x intercept = y intercept
(3 + 7 k ) (3 + 7 k )
=
(1 + 3k ) (2 + 4k )
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 4

1 1
= (2 + 4k ) = (1 + 3k )
(1 + 3k ) (2 + 4k )
4k 3k = 1 2 k = 1
Putting value of k in (i)
x + 2 y + 3 1( 3x + 4 y + 7 ) = 0
x + 2 y + 3 3x 4 y 7 = 0 2 x 2 y 4 = 0
x+ y+2 = 0
is the required equation.
Question # 3
Let l1 : 16 x 10 y 33 = 0
l2 : 12 x + 14 y + 29 = 0
l3 : x y + 4 = 0
l4 : x 7 y + 2 = 0
For point of intersection of l1 and l2
x y 1
= =
290 + 462 464 + 396 224 + 120
x y 1
= =
172 860 334
x 1 y 1
= and =
172 334 860 334
172 1 860 5
x= = and y= =
334 2 334 2
1 5
, is a point of intersection of l1 and l2 .
2 2
For point of intersection of l3 and l4 .
x y 1
= =
2 + 28 2 4 7 + 1
x y 1
= =
26 2 6
x 1 y 1
= and =
26 6 2 6
26 13 2 1
x= = and y= =
6 3 6 3
13 1
, is a point of intersection of l3 and l4 .
3 3
1 5 13 1
Now equation of line passing through , and ,
2 2 3 3
5 3+ 2
1 5
1
y+ = x
2 13 1 2
3 2
13
y+ =
5 6 x 1 y + 5 = 13 x 1

2 29 2 2 29 2
6
145 13 13 145
29 y + = 13 x + 13 x + 29 y + =0
2 2 2 2
13 x + 29 y + 66 = 0
is the required equation.
 FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 5

Three Concurrent Lines

Suppose l1 : a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0
l2 : a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 l1
l2
l3 : a3 x + b3 y + c3 = 0
If l1 , l2 and l3 are concurrent (intersect at one point) then
l3
a1 b1 c1
a2 b2 c2 = 0
a3 b3 c3
See proof on book at page 208

Question # 4
Assume that l1 : y = m1 x + c1
m1x y + c1 = 0
l2 : y = m2 x + c2
m2 x y + c2 = 0
l3 : y = m3 x + c3
m3 x y + c3 = 0
If l1 , l2 and l3 are concurrent then
m1 1 c1
m2 1 c2 = 0
m3 1 c3
m1 1 c1
R R1
m2 m1 0 c2 c1 = 0 by 2
R3 R1
m3 m1 0 c3 c1
Expanding by C2
(1) [(m2 m1 )(c3 c1 ) (m3 m1 )(c2 c1 )] + 0 0 = 0
[(m2 m1 )(c3 c1 ) (m3 m1 )(c2 c1 )] = 0
(m2 m1 )(c3 c1 ) = (m3 m1 )(c2 c1 )
is the required condition.

Question # 5
Let l1 : 2 x 3 y 1 = 0
l2 : 3 x y 5 = 0
l3 : 3 x + py + 8 = 0
Since l1 , l2 and l3 meets at a point i.e. concurrent therefore
2 3 1
3 1 5 = 0
3 p 8
2(8 + 5 p ) + 3(24 + 15) 1(3 p + 3) = 0
16 + 10 p + 72 + 45 3 p 3 = 0
7 p + 98 = 0 7 p = 98
98
p= p = 14
7
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 6

Angle between lines

Y
Let l1 and l2 be two lines. If 1 and 2
be inclinations and m1 and m2 be slopes of l2 l1
lines l1 and l2 respectively, Let be a angle
from line l1 to l2 then is given by

m m1 2
tan = 2 1
1 + m1m2 X

See proof on book at page 219

Question # 6
Let l1 : 4 x 3 y 8 = 0
l2 : 3 x 4 y 6 = 0
l3 : x y 2 = 0
To check l1 , l2 and l3 are concurrent, let
4 3 8
3 4 6
1 1 2
= 4 ( 8 6 ) + 3( 6 + 6 ) 8 ( 3 + 4 )
= 4 ( 2 ) + 3( 0 ) 8 (1)
=8+ 0 8 = 0
Hence l1 , l2 and l3 are concurrent.
4 4 l2
Slope of l1 = m1 = =
3 3
3 3
Slope of l2 = m2 = = 2 l3
4 4
1
1
Slope of l3 = m3 = = 1
1
Now let 1 be angle from l1 to l3 and 2 be a l1
angle from l3 to l2 . Then
m3 m1 1 4 1
tan 1 = = 3 = 3 = 1 (i)
( )
1 + m3m1 1 + (1) 4
3
7
3
7
3 1 1
m2 m3 4 4 = 1 (ii)
tan 2 = = =
( )
And
1 + m2m3 1 + 3 (1) 7 7
4 4
From (i) and (ii)
tan 1 = tan 2 1 = 2
l3 bisect the angle formed by the first two lines.

Question # 7
Given vertices of triangles are A ( 2,3) , B ( 4,1) and C ( 3,5 ) .
(i) Centroid of triangle is the intersection of medians and is given by
x1 + x2 + x3 y1 + y2 + y3
,
3 3
2 4 + 3 3 + 1 + 5 3 9
= , = , = ( 1,3)
3 3 3 3
Hence ( 1,3) is the centroid of the triangle.
 FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 7

(ii) Orthocentre is the point of intersection of altitudes.

1 3 2
Slope of AB = m1 = = =1
4 + 2 2 A
5 1 4
Slope of BC = m2 = =
3+ 4 7
Since altitudes are to sides therefore
1 1
Slope of altitude on AB = = = 1 B C
m1 1
1 1 7
Slope of altitude on BC = = =
m2 4 4
7
Equation of altitude on AB with slope 1 from C ( 3,5 )
y 5 = 1( x 3)
y 5 = x + 3 x 3 + y 5 = 0
x + y 8 = 0 .. (i)
7
Now equation of altitude on BC with slope from A ( 2,3)
4
7
y 3 = ( x + 2)
4
4 y 12 = 7 x 14 7 x + 14 + 4 y 12 = 0
7 x + 4 y + 2 = 0 .. (ii)
For point of intersection of (i) and (ii)
x y 1
= =
2 + 32 2 + 56 4 7
x y 1
= =
34 58 3
x 1 y 1
= and =
34 3 58 3
34 58 58
x= and y = =
3 3 3
34 58
Hence , is orthocentre of triangle ABC .
3 3
(iii) Circumcentre of the triangle is the point of intersection of perpendicular bisector.
Let D and E are midpoints of side AB and BC respectively.
4 2 1 + 3 6 4
Then coordinate of D = , = , = ( 3,2 )
2 2 2 2
A
4 + 3 1 + 5 1 6 1
Coordinate of E = , = , = ,3
2 2 2 2 2
D
1 3 2
Slope of AB = m1 = = =1
4 + 2 2
5 1 4 B E C
Slope of BC = m2 = =
3+ 4 7
1 1
Slope of bisector on AB = = = 1
m1 1
1 1 7
Slope of bisector on BC = = =
m2 4 4
7
Now equation of bisector having slope 1 through D ( 3,2 )
y 2 = 1( x + 3)
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 8

y 2 = x 3 x + 3 + y 2 = 0
x + y + 1 = 0 .. (iii)
7 1
Now equation of bisector having slope through E ,3
4 2
7 1 7
y 3 = x + 4 y 12 = 7 x
4 2 2
7 17
7 x + + 4 y 12 = 0 7 x + 4 y = 0
2 2
14 x + 8 y 17 = 0 . (iv)
For point of intersection of (iii) and (iv)
x y 1
= =
17 8 17 14 8 14
x y 1
= =
25 31 6
x 1 y 1
= and =
25 6 31 6
25 25 31
x= = and y =
6 6 6
25 31
Hence , is the circumcentre of the triangle.
6 6
34 58 25 31
Now to check ( 1,3) , , and , are collinear, let
3 3 6 6
1 3 1
34 58 1
3 3
25 31 1
6 6
58 31 34 25 1054 1450
= 1 + 3 + 1
3 6 3 6 18 18
49 31
= 1 3 + 1( 22 )
2 2
49 93
= + 22 = 0
2 2
Hence centroid, orthocentre and circumcentre of triangle are collinear.

Question # 8
Let l1 : 4 x 3 y 8 = 0
l2 : 3 x 4 y 6 = 0
l3 : x y 2 = 0
To check lines are concurrent, let
4 3 8
3 4 6
1 1 2
= 4(8 6) + 3(6 + 6) 8(3 + 4)
= 4(2) + 3(0) 8(1) = 8 + 0 8 = 0
Hence l1 , l2 and l3 are concurrent.
For point of concurrency, we find intersection of l1 and l2 (You may choose any two
lines)
 FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 9

x y 1
= =
18 32 24 + 24 16 + 9
x y 1
= =
14 0 7
x 1 y 1
= and =
14 7 0 7
14 0
x= = 2 and y = =0
7 7
Hence ( 2,0 ) is the point of concurrency.

Question # 9
Let l1 : x 2 y 6 = 0
l2 : 3 x y + 3 = 0
l3 : 2 x + y 4 = 0
For point of intersection of l1 and l2
x y 1
= =
6 6 3 + 18 1 + 6
x y 1
= =
12 21 5
x 1 y 1
= and =
12 5 21 5
12 21
x= and y =
5 5
12 21
, is the point of intersection of l1 and l2 .
5 5
For point of intersection of l2 and l3 .
x y 1
= =
4 3 12 6 3 + 2
x y 1
= =
1 18 5
x 1 y 1
= and =
1 5 18 5
1 18
x= and y =
5 5
1 18
, is the point of intersection of l2 and l3 .
5 5
Now for point of intersection of l1 and l3
x y 1
= =
8 + 6 4 + 12 1 + 4
x y 1
= =
14 8 5
x 1 y 1
= and =
14 5 8 5
14 8
x= and y=
5 5
14 8
, is the point of intersection of l1 and l3 .
5 5
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 10

12 21 1 18 14 8
Hence , , , and , are vertices of triangle made by l1 , l2
5 5 5 5 5 5
and l3 . We say these vertices as A, B and C respectively.
y
18 + 21 39 B
Slope of side AB = m1 = 5 5 = 5 = 39 = 3
1 + 12 13 13
5 5 5
m1 m2
8 18 26
Slope of side BC = m2 = 5 5= 5 = 26 = 2
14 1 13 13 x
5 5 5
21 + 8 13 13 1 A m3 C
Slope of side CA = m3 = 5 5 = 5 = =
12 14 26 26 2
5 5 5
Let , and denotes angles of triangle at vertices A, B and C respectively. Then
m1 m3 3 1 5
tan = = 2 = 2 =1
1 + m1m3 1 + (3) 1( )2
5
2
= tan 1 (1) = 45o
m2 m1 2 3 5
Now tan = = = =1
1 + m2m1 1 + (3) ( 3) 5
= tan 1 (1) = 45o
1 +2 5
m3 m2 2
tan = = = 2 =
( )
Now
2 ( )
1 + m3m2 1 + 1 2 0

= tan 1 () = 90o .

Question # 10 (a)
Since l1 : joining (2,7) and (7,10)
10 7 3
Therefore slope of l1 = m1 = =
72 5
Also l2 : joining (1,1) and (5,3)
3 1 2 1
Therefore slope of l2 = m2 = = =
5 1 6 3
Let be a angle from l1 to l2 then
m2 m1 1 3
tan = = 3 5
( )(
1 + m1m2 1 + 3 1
5 3 )
14 14
= 15 = 15 = 14 5 = 7
1 1 4 15 4 6
5 5
7 7
tan = tan(180 ) = Q tan(180 ) = tan
6 6
7
180 = tan 1 = 49.4
6
= 180 49.4 = 130.6o
Now acute angle between lines = 180 130.6 = 49.4o
Question # 10(b) Do yourself as above.
 FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 11

Question # 10(c)
Since l1 : joining (1, 7) and (6, 4)
4 + 7 3
Therefore slope of l1 = m1 = =
6 1 5
Also l2 : joining (1,2) and ( 6, 1)
1 2 3 3
Therefore slope of l2 = m2 = = =
6 + 1 5 5
Let be a angle from l1 to l2 then
3 3
m2 m1 5 5 0
tan = = = =0
( )( )
1 + m1m2 1 + 3
5
3
5
1+ 9
25
= tan 1 ( 0 ) = 0o
Also acute angle between lines = 0o

Question # 10(d)
Since l1 : joining (9, 1) and (3, 5)
5 +1 4 1
Therefore slope of l1 = m1 = = =
3 + 9 12 3
Also l2 : joining (2,7) and ( 6, 7)
7 7 14 7
Therefore slope of l2 = m2 = = =
6 2 8 4
Let be a angle from l1 to l2 then

tan =
m2 m1
=
( )
7 1
4 3
( )( )
1 + m1m2 1 + 7
4
1
3
7 +1 25
4 3 25 12
= = 12 = =5
1 7 5 12 5
12 12
= tan ( 5 ) = 78.69o
1

Also acute angle between lines = 78.69o

Question # 11(a)
Given vertices A ( 2,11) , B ( 6, 3) and C ( 4, 9 )
Let m1 , m2 and m3 denotes the slopes of side AB , BC and CA respectively. Then
3 11 14 7
m1 = = = y
6 + 2 4 2
9 + 3 6 3 A
m2 = = =
4 + 6 10 5
m3
11 + 9 20 10 m1
m3 = = =
2 4 6 3 x
Let , and denotes angles of triangle at vertex
B m2 C
A, B and C respectively. Then
m3 m1 10 7
tan = = 3 2
(
1 + m3m1 1 + 10 )( )
3
7
2
41 41
= 6 = 6 = 41 3 = 41
1 35 32 6 32 64
3 3
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 12

41
= tan 1 = 32.64o
64

tan =
m1 m2
= 2 ( )
7 3
5
1 + m1m2 1 + 7 ( )( )
2
3
5
7 +3 41
= 2 5 = 10 = 41 10 = 41
1 21 11 10 11 11
10 10
41 41
tan = tan (180 ) = Q tan(180 ) = tan
11 11
41
180 = tan 1 = 74.98
11
= 180 74.98 = 105.02

tan =
m2 m3
= 5 ( )
3 10
3
( )( )
1 + m2 m3 1 + 3 10
5 3
3 + 10 41
41 41
= 5 3 = 15 = =
1+ 2 3 15 3 45
41
= tan 1 = 42.34o
45

Question # 11(b)
Given vertices A ( 6,1) , B ( 2,7 ) and C ( 6, 7 )
Let m1 , m2 and m3 denotes the slopes of side AB , BC and CA respectively. Then
7 1 6 3
m1 = = = y
2 6 4 2 B
7 7 14 7
m2 = = = m1
6 2 8 4
1+ 7 8 2 m2 A
m3 = = =
6 + 6 12 3 x
Let , and denotes angles of triangle at m3
vertex A, B and C respectively. Then

tan =
m3 m1
= 3 ( )
2 3
2
C

1 + m3m1 1 + 2 ( )( )
3
3
2
2 +3 13
= 3 2 = 6 =
11 0
= tan 1 ( ) = 90o

m1 m2 3 7
tan = = 2 4
(
1 + m1m2 1 + 3
2)( )
7
4
13 13
= 4 = 4 = 13 8 = 2
1 21 13 4 13
8 8
= tan 1 (2) = 63.43o
 FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 13

7 2
m2 m3 4 3
tan = =
1 + m2 m3 1 + 7
4
2( )( )
3
13 13
12 13 6 1
= = 12 = =
1+ 7 13 12 13 2
6 6
1
= tan 1 = 26.57o
2

Question # 11(c) & (d)

Do yourself as above.

Question # 12
Given vertices are A ( 5,2 ) , B ( 2,3) , C ( 3, 4 ) and D ( 4, 5)
Let m1 , m2 , m3 and m4 be slopes of side AB, BC , CD and DA. Then
32 1
m1 = = y
2 5 7
4 3 7 B m1
m2 = = =7 A
3 + 2 1
5 + 4 1
m3 = = x
4+3 7 m2
2+5 7 m4

m4 = = =7
5 4 1 C m3
Now suppose , , and are angels of D
quadrilateral at vertices A, B, C and D
respectively. Then

tan =
m4 m1
=
7 1( 7 =
)
7+ 1
7
50
= 7 =
1 + m4m1 1 + ( 7 ) 1 ( 7
11) 0

= tan 1 ( ) = 90o

m1 m2 1 7 50
tan = = 7 = 7 =
(
1 + m1m2 1 + 1 ( 7 )
7 )
0

= tan 1 ( ) = 90o

tan =
m2 m3
=
7 1 ( 7 ) =
7+ 1
7
50
= 7 =
1 + m2 m3 1 + ( 7 ) 1 ( 7 ) 11 0

= tan 1 ( ) = 90o

m3 m4 1 7 50
tan = = 7 = 7 =
(
1 + m3m4 1 + 1 ( 7 )
7 )
0

= tan 1 ( ) = 90o

Trapezium
If any two opposite sides of the quadrilateral are parallel
then it is called trapezium.
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 14

Question # 13
Given vertices are A ( 1, 1) , B ( 3,0 ) , C ( 3,7 ) and D (1,8)
Let m1 , m2 , m3 and m4 be slopes of side AB, BD, DC and CA . Then
0 +1 1
m1 = = y
3 + 1 2
80 8 D m
m2 = = =2 3
1+ 3 4
m2 C
7 8 1
m3 = =
3 1 2
m4
1 7 8
m4 = = =2 x
1 3 4 B m
1
A
Since m2 = m4 or m1 = m3
Hence A, B, C and D are vertices of trapezium.
Now suppose , , and are angels of
quadrilateral at vertices A, B, C and D respectively. Then
Now do yourself as above in Question # 12

Question # 14
Let l1 : 7 x y 10 = 0
l2 : 10 x + y 41 = 0
l3 : 3 x + 2 y + 3 = 0
For intersection of l1 and l2
x y 1
= =
41 + 10 287 + 100 7 + 10
x y 1
= =
51 187 17
x 1 y 1
= and =
51 17 187 17
51 187
x= = 3 and y = = 11
17 17
( 3,11) is the point of intersection of l1 and l2 .
Now for point of intersection of l2 and l3
x y 1
= =
3 + 82 30 + 123 20 3
x y 1
= =
85 153 17
x y 1
= =
85 153 17
x 1 y 1
= and =
85 17 153 17
85 153
x= = 5 and y= = 9
17 17
( 5, 9 ) is the point of intersection of l2 and l3 .
For point of intersection of l1 and l3
x y 1
= =
3 + 20 21 + 30 14 + 3
x y 1
= =
17 51 17
 FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 15

x 1 y 1
= and =
17 17 51 17
17 51
x= = 1 and y= =3
17 17
(1, 3) is the point of intersection of l1 and l3 .
Now area of triangle having vertices ( 3,11) , ( 5, 9 ) and (1, 3) is given by:
3 11 1
1
5 9 1
2 1 3 1
1
= 3 ( 9 + 3 ) 11( 5 1) + 1( 15 + 9 )
2
1 1
= 3 ( 6 ) 11( 4 ) + 1( 6 ) = 18 44 6
2 2
1 1
= 68 = (68) = 34 sq. unit
2 2
Question # 15 Same Question # 7(c)

Question # 16(a)
x + 3y 2 = 0
2x y + 4 = 0
x 11 y + 14 = 0
In matrix form
1 3 2 x 0
2 1 4 y = 0
1 11 14 1 0

Coefficient matrix of the system is
1 3 2
A = 2 1 4
1 11 14

A = 1(14 + 44) 3(28 4) 2(22 + 1)
= 1(30) 3(24) 2(21)
= 30 72 + 42 = 0
Hence given lines are concurrent.
Question # 16(b)
2x + 3y + 4 = 0
x 2y 3 = 0
3x + y 8 = 0
In matrix form
2 3 4 x 0
1 2 3 y = 0
3 1 8 1 0

Coefficient matrix of the system is
2 3 4
A = 1 2 3
3 1 8

A = 2(16 + 3) 3(8 + 9) + 4(1 + 6)
= 2(19) 3(1) + 4(7) = 38 3 + 28 = 63 0
Hence given lines are not concurrent.
FSC-II / Ex. 4.4 - 16

Question # 16(c)
Do yourself as above
Question # 17(a)
1 0 1 x 0
2 0 1 y = 0
0 1 2 1 0

x + 0 1 0 x 1 0

2x + 0 +1 = 0 2 x + 1 = 0
0 y + 2 0 y + 2 0

Equating the elements
x 1 = 0
2x + 1 = 0
y + 2 = 0
are the required equation of lines.
Coefficients matrix of the system
1 0 1
A = 2 0 1
0 1 2

det A = 1(0 + 1) 0 1(2 0)
=1+ 2 = 3 0
Hence system is not concurrent.
(b)
Do yourself as above.

Book: Exercise 4.4 (Page 223)

Calculus and Analytic Geometry Mathematic 12
Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
Edition: August 2003.

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