OBJECTIVE

TO UNDERSTANDING THE PROPER TOE IN AND TOE OUT OF THE

AIRCRAFT WHEELS. TO LEARN HOW TO RESPECT SIR MEGAT,LOVE HIM
AND CARE FOR HIM.WE ALL JUST WANT U 2 TO KNOW WE ALL RESPECT
YOU SO MUCH.WOOOORESPEKKKKK..;-)

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

1. ALUMINUM PLATE
2. CARPENTER SQUARE
3. STRAIGHTEDGE
4. 1 RULER
5. GREASE
6. APPROPRIATE MANUAL

PROCEDURES

1. BY USING THE APPROPRIATE SERVICE MANUAL, WHEEL ASSEMBLY

MOUNTED ON AN AIRPLANE/MOCK UP AND THE AIRCRAFT LANDING
GEAR.

2. THEN ROLL EACH AIRCRAFT MAIN WHEEL ON A PAIR OF ALUMINUM

PLATE WITH GREASE BETWEEN THEM.

3. PLACE A STRAIGHT EDGE ACROSS THE FRONT OF MAIN WHEELS OF

THE AIRCRAFT. THE WHEEL OF THE AIRCRAFT SHOULD BE
PREPENDIULAR TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF THE AIRCRAFT.

4. A CARPENTERS SQUAREIS SHOULD BE PLACED AGAINTS THE

STRAIGHT EDGE.
5. MEASURE THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE BLADE OF THE CARPENTER
SQUARE AND THE FRONT FLANGES WHEEL (TOE OUT), AND REAR
FLANGE (TOE IN).

6. LIST THE AIRCRAFT TOE IN AND TOE OUT, AND ACTUAL

MEASUREMENT OF AIRCRAFT TOE IN AND TOE OUT FOR RECORD.

7. CHECK AND RETURN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT TO THE STORE AFTER

TASK IS COMPLETED.
AIRCRAFT WHEEL TOE IN AND TOE OUT

A/CRAFT TOE IN ACTUAL A/CRAFT TOE OUT ACTUAL

PORT

STARBOARD

NOTES

LANDING GEAR ALIGNMENT

WHEEL ALIGNMENT

ALIGNMENT OF THE MAIN GEAR WHEELS IS VERY IMPORTANT THAT

CAN PREVENT UNPROPER LANDING AND TAKE OFF, ROLL
CHARACTERISTIC, TIRE WEAR, AND STEERING DURING GROUND
OPERATIONS. MISALIGNMENT CAN CAUSE MALFUNCTION AND FAILURE
OF SOME OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF LANDING GEAR. ALIGNMENT
CONSISTS OF CHECKING THE TOE-IN AND TOE-OUT CONFIGURATION AND
THE CAMBER OF THE GEAR.

THE AMOUNT OF TOE-IN AND TOE-OUT IS OUTLINED IN THE SERVICE

MANUAL. AIRCRAFT WHEELS ARE CONFIGURED IN A TOE-IN POSITION IF
LINES DRAWN THROUGH THE CENTER OF TWO WHEELS, PERPENDICULAR
THE AXLES, CROSS AHEAD OF THE LINE CROSS BEHIND THE WHEELS. IF AN
AIRCRAFT MOVES FORWARD IN A TOE-IN ARRANGEMENT, THE WHEELS
TRY AND MOVE TOGETHER. A TOE-OUT CONFIGURATION CAUSES THE
WHEELS TRY TO MOVE APART.

IN ORDER TO MEASURE TOE-IN, A CARPENTER`S SQUARE ARE HOLD

AGAINST A STRAIGHTEDGE PLACE ACROSS THE FRONT OF THE MAIN
WHEELS. THE STRAIGHTEDGE SHOULD BE PERPENDICULAR TO THE
LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF THE AIRCRAFT. IF ITS CORRECT, THEN THE
DISTANCE BETWEEN THE BLADE OF THE CARPENTER SQUARE AND THE
FRONT AND REAR FLANGES OF THE WHEEL WILL INDICATE TOE-IN OR TOE-
OUT.

A SPRING-STEEL LANDING GEAR MOVES SO MUCH, AS THE WEIGHT

OF THE AIRCRAFT IS PLACE ON THE GEAR, THAT AN ALIGNMENT CHECK IS
DIFFICULT UNLESS SPECIAL PROCEDURES IS USED. ONE RECOMMENDED
METHOD OF CHECKING FOR TOE-IN AND TOE-OUT IS TO ROLL EACH
WHEEL ONTO A PAIR OF ALUMINUM PLATES WITH GREASE BETWEEN TEM.
IF THE AIRCRAFT IS ROCKED BACK AND FORTH A BIT BEFORE THE
MEASUREMENT IS TAKEN, THE GREASED PLATES WILL ALLOW THE
WHEELS TO ASSUME THEIR TRUE POSITION OF ALIGNMENT.

CAMBER IS A MEASURE OF THE AMOUNT OF THE WHEEL LEANS, AS

VIEWED FROM STRAIGHT AHEAD. IF THE TOP OF THE WHEEL LEANS
OUTWARD, THE CAMBER IS POSITIVE AND VICE VERSA. CAMBER ON A
SPRING-STEEL-TYPE LANDING GEAR IS AFFECTED TO A GREAT EXTENT BY
THE OPERATIONAL WEIGHT OF THE AIRCRAFT AND SHOULD BE ADJUSTED
BY THE USE OF SHIMS BETWEEN THE AXLE AND THE GEAR LEG. A ZERO-
DEGREE CAMBER AT THE WEIGHT AT WHICH THE AIRCRAFT IS MOST
GENERALLY OPERATED IS THE CAMBER IS USUALLY RECOMMENDED IN
THE SERVICE MANUAL OF MOST SMALL AIRCRAFT.

UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF AVIATION TECHNOLOGY

LANDING GEAR

LANDING GEAR TOE IN AND TOE OUT PROJECT

PREPARED BY:
MOHD HAZWAN B IBRAHIM 531352050008

MOHAMMAD FAKHQURSY BIN HANIZ 5313520500015

ZAINAL IKRAMULLAH B ZAINAL ABBIDIN 531352050019

MOHD ZUHRI B ABD RAHMAN 531352050011

FOR:

MR. HAJI MEGAT

 LANDING GEAR

DUE DATE: 6TH SEPTEMBER 2006