Stilul romanic este caracteristic spatiului european in secolele XI-XIII.

Pictura a fost considerat o

cale eficient pentru nvtarea principiilor religioase de ctre populatie, ilustrnd Biblia sau Crtile de
Rugciuni si dedicnd interiorul bisericilor gloriei lui Dumnezeu. n acea vreme existau foarte putine
persoane care stiau s citeasc; din acest motiv scopul frescelor era acela de a face crestinismul mai
usor de nteles si de a-i familiariza pe profani cu continutul biblic. n fresce, culoarea era aplicat
direct pe tencuiala umed cu care fuziona pentru a forma una dintre cele mai durabile forme de
pictur mural. Aceste manifestri artistice occidentale au fost profund influentate de pictura murala
bizantina.

Eng. Romanesque art refers to the art of Europe from approximately 11th to 13th century, or later,
depending on region. The term was invented by 19th century art historians, especially for
Romanesque architecture, which retained many basic features of Roman architectural style. The
large wall surfaces and plain, curving vaults of the Romanesque period lent themselves to mural
decoration. Romanesque art was also greatly influenced by Byzantine art, especially in frescoes and
walls painting.
Picturi murale. Biserica din Saint-Savin sur Gartempe din Franta, este decorat cu picturi care redau
vizual att martiriul Sf. Savin, cat si pe cel al Sf. Ciprian. n pridvor exist scene care nftiseaz
Sfrsitul Lumii si Judecata de Apoi; pe bolta naosului sunt reprezentate episoade din Vechiul
Testament; chiar si galeria situat deasupra pridvorului relateaz in picturi despre trecerea lui
Hristos, ca o aducere aminte a modului de izbvire al omenirii, prin sacrificiul crucificrii. Catedrala
din Canterbury a fost decorat si ea, n decursul secolului al 12-lea, cu picturi murale.
Eng. The large wall surfaces and plain, curving vaults of the Romanesque period lent themselves to
mural decoration. One of the most intact schemes to exist is that at Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe in
France. The long barrel vault of the nave provides an excellent surface for fresco, and is decorated
with scenes of the Old Testament, showing the Creation, the Fall of Man and other stories including a
lively depiction of Noahs Ark complete with a fearsome figurehead and numerous windows through
with can be seen the Noah and his family on the upper deck, birds on the middle deck, while on the
lower are the pairs of animals.
Manuscrise iluminate. n general, picturile mai mici pot fi gsite doar n ilustratiile manuscriselor;
si, din nou, majusculele mpodobite sunt des utilizate n lucrrile cu teme religioase. ntr-adevr,
Biblia si Cartile de Rugciuni erau foarte bogat ilustrate ca act de adnca devotiune din partea
clugrului ce le executa si ele reflectau adesea vanitatea patronului, care era dispus s-si etaleze
bogtia, comandnd lucrri att de elaborate. Despre miniaturile mai tarzii am vorbit in postarile
mele anterioare; de mentionat ca stilul celor create in aceasta perioada a fost mai rudimentar, dar la
fel de estetic.
Eng. Manuscript illumination. A number of regional schools converged in the early Romanesque
illuminated manuscript: the Channel school of England and Northern France was heavily influenced
by late Anglo-Saxon art, whereas in Southern France the style depended more on Iberian influence,
and in Germany and the Low Countries, Ottonian styles continued to develop, and also, along with
Byzantine styles, influenced Italy. By the 12th century there had been reciprocal influences between
all these, although naturally regional distinctiveness remained.
Bibliografie, note si citate:
G Schiller, Iconography of Christian Art, Vol. II,1972
Atroshenko and Judith Collins, The Origins of the Romanesque, Lund Humphries, London, 1985
Wikicommons (Eng, Fr, Ro)