Design-ul interior este un grup de diverse proiecte care implic transformarea unui spaiu interior

ntr-un cadru eficient pentru o gama de activiti umane care urmeaz s aib loc in acel spatiu.

Eng. Interior design describes a group of various yet related projects that involve turning an interior
space into an effective setting for the range of human activities that are to take place there.

Locuina tradiionala japonez nu are o utilizare desemnat pentru fiecare camer n afar de antreu
(zona de la intrare genkan), bucatarie, baie i toalet. Orice camera poate fi o camer de zi,
sufragerie, birou (camera de lucru) sau dormitor. Acest lucru este posibil deoarece tot mobilierul este
portabil, fiind stocat n oshiire, o mic seciune a casei (dulapuri de mari dimensiuni), folosit pentru
depozitare. Este important s reinei c n Japonia camera de zi este exprimata ca i-ma, spaiu de
trai . Acest lucru se datoreaz faptului c dimensiunea unei camere poate fi schimbat prin
modificarea partiionarii. Casele mari, tradiionale, au adesea doar un i-ma (living / spaiu) sub
acoperi, n timp ce bucataria, baia i toaleta sunt ataate pe o parte lateral a casei ca extensii.

Eng. Traditional Japanese housing does not have a designated use for each room aside from the
entrance area (genkan, ), kitchen, bathroom, and toilet. Any room can be a living room, dining
room, study, or bedroom. This is possible because all the necessary furniture is portable, being
stored in oshiire, a small section of the house (large closets) used for storage. It is important to note
that in Japan, living room is expressed as i-ma, living space. This is because the size of a room can
be changed by altering the partitioning. Large traditional houses often have only one ima (living
room/space) under the roof, while kitchen, bathroom, and toilet are attached on the side of the
house as extensions.
Oarecum similar cu birourile moderne, paravanele din cadrul casei sunt create de asa
numitele fusuma, usi glisante din lemn i hrtie, care sunt portabile i uor de ndeprtat. Aceste
fusuma delimiteaza fiecare poriune de spatiu de sus n jos, astfel se poate crea o mini camera n
aceasta cas.
Eng. Somewhat similar to modern offices, partitions within the house are created by fusuma, sliding
doors made from wood and paper, which are portable and easily removed. Fusuma seal each
partition from top to bottom so it can create a mini room within the house.

Pe marginea unei case sunt roka, pasaje din lemn etajate, care sunt similare cu holuri intr-o casa
occidentala. Roka i i-ma sunt mprite de shoji, usi glisante si portabile, care sunt de asemenea
realizate din hrtie i lemn. Spre deosebire de fusuma, hrtia utilizat pentru shoji este foarte
subire, astfel lumina poate patrunde in casa. Acest lucru a fost nainte de a folosi sticla pentru ui
glisante.

Eng. On the edge of a house are rka, wooden floored passages, that are similar to hallways. Rka
and ima are partitioned by shji, sliding and portable doors that are also made from paper and
wood. Unlike fusuma, paper used for shji is very thin so outside light can pass through into the
house. This was before glass was used for sliding doors.

Roka i partea din afara casei sunt mprite fie de perei sau de panouri portabile din lemn, care
sunt utilizate pentru a inchide casa pe timp de noapte. Acoperisurile extinse protejeaza roka de
umezeala atunci cnd plou, cu excepia sezonului de taifun cand casa devine complet sigilata.
Acoperisurile caselor traditionale din Japonia sunt realizate din lemn i lut, cu gresie sau zone de
stuf pe partea superioara.
Eng. Rka and outside of the house are either partitioned by walls or portable wooden boards that
are used to seal the house at night. Extended roofs protect the rka from getting wet when it rains,
except during typhoon season where the house gets sealed completely. Roofs of traditional houses in
Japan are made of wood and clay, with tiles or thatched areas on top.
Bibliografie, note si citate:
Edward S. Morse : Japanese homes and their surroundings 18381925, published by Charles E.
Tuttle company,
Sven Ingmar Thies: Japanese Rooms Intimate interiors of Japanese living in Tokyo, Berlin, New
York, Shanghai and Vienna, Berlin: Schwarzerfreitag (publ.) 2007
WikiCommon (Eng)