combine sentences :

1. a. Indian art is national. b. Indian art is objective.

2. ans. Indian art is national and objective.
3. a. the parthians made Indian their home.
4. b. the kushans made Indian their home.
5. the parthians and the kushans made Indian their home.
6. the paintings of Ajanta are beautiful.
7. the paintings of Ajanta are timeless.
8. ans. the paintings of Ajanta are beautiful and timeless.
9. Indian temples are adorned with sculptures.
10.they are adorned with paintings.
11.ans. the Indian temples are adorned with sculptures and paintings.
12.a kanchipuram is known for its frescos.
13.it is known for its silk sarees.
14.ans. kanchipuram is known for its frescos and silk sarees.
15.the Indian artist loves the human form.
16.he loves the beauty of human form.
17.ans. the Indian artist loves the human form and its beauty.
18.the patterns of the body are variegated .
19.they are lovely.
20.ans. the patterns of the body are variegated and lovely.
21.the hindu trinity includes bramha.
22.it includes Vishnu.
23.it includes Mahesh.
24.ans. the hindu trinity includes bramha Vishnu and Mahesh.
25.Indian art was shaped by many qualities.
26.it was shaped by many ideas.
27.ans. Indian was shaped with many qualities and ideals.
28.henry went to delhi today.
29.his brother went to delhi too.
30.henry and his brother went to delhi today.
31.she is a beautiful girl.
32.she tells a lot of lies.
33.ans. she is a beautiful girl but tells a lot of lies.

phrasal verbs

fill in the blank in the following sentences with appropriate phrasal verbs from
the list given in iii putting the verbs in the appropriate forms:

1. when two brother fall out on a mater of property, there is no peace in the
family.
2. Dealing with a workers strike make up the time youve lost due to illness.
3. youll have to work very heard to make up the time youve lost due to
illness.
4. while the two brothers fought, their wives merely looked on.
5. He always boils on his neighbours.
6. He put off after making a promise of help when he found that his wife was
displeased.
7. I have run short of money can I borrow some from you?
8. The government must do away with the annoying permit and licence
system. it only generates corruption.
9. I cans use this calculator. The battery has run down.
 10.He broke down repeatedly when telling us about the way he had been
treated by his cruel master.
11.who are you searching ?
12.did you understand what he said ?

Tenses

fill in the blanks with the present indefinite or the present continuous form of the
verbs according to the each verb according to the meaning of the sentence:

1. the boys generally go to their uncles house for the holidays, but this year
they are not going there.
2. children love to play cricket.
3. my nephew arriving here next week . he usually spends his vacation here.
4. I dont study anything during vacation.
5. He generally takes a bus to his office but today he riding on a scooter.
6. He rarely uses a pen, but he is using one now.
7. Ask him what he wants.
8. Neha is doing her homework at present.
9. my brother is reading a novel now.
10.These boys are always complaining about their food.
11.Ravi does his work now.
12.Ask the woman what she wants.
13.rains very heavily since morning.
14.it is raining now.

fill in the blanks with the past indefinite or the past perfect forms of the verbs
given in brackets to make the sentences meaningful:

1. by the time doctor arrived the patient had died.

2. the teacher said they could go home when they had completed their work.
3. we understood the lesson after the teacher had explained it to us.
4. I wish you had submitted your thesis by the due date.
5. sandeep had hoped to get a first class. he got only a second class and was
naturally disappointed.
6. several hours before the cricket match had begun the spectators filled the
stadium.
7. He was hungry because he had nothing to eat since the previous day.
8. mother was very tired. she had worked the whole day.

Rewrite the following sentences using the verbs in brackets in the present
perfect continuous form:

1. He has been living in this town since 1964.

2. I have been looking at this group-photo for five minutes but cant find you
in it.
3. she has been studying medicine for the last four years.
4. He has been working all day; he must be extremely tired.
5. how long have you been waiting for me?
6. she has been watching the T.V. all evening.
7. I have been talking about grammar for the last half an hour but you have
not been listening.
8. mother has been cooking all the morning but the meal is not yet ready.
Rewrite the following sentences using the verbs in the present perfectos present
perfectos continuous form whichever is appropriate:

1. she has been learning Russian for the last three years but she has still not
learnt it well.
2. we have been living in this small house for two years now but we have
now decided to move to a larger house.
3. have you ever read jane Austens pride and prejudice.
4. The volcano has created havoc ever since it erupted?
5. They have walked ten miles and are resting now.
6. He has been suffering from fever for a week now, but he has done nothing
about it so far.
7. she has taken up the new job already.
8. kajal has finished her homework.

put the verbs in the following sentences into the past indefinite tense:

1. I went to work by car.

2. I met him on Monday.
3. she always wore a blue sari.
4. He got up at 6:30.
5. Raina spoke slowly.
6. The play began at 9:00.
7. karan liked coca-cola.
8. it smelt good.
9. Raina cried when he was hurt.
10.I dreamt every night.
11.Rama cried when he was hurt.

put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous tense:

1. The children were frightened because it was getting dark.

2. The aeroplane in which the soldiers were travelling crashed soon after
taking off.
3. He usually walks to work but today I saw him travelling in a bus.
4. The car had nobody in it but the engine was running.
5. Are you going to Indore? thought you were going to Bhopal.
6. while they were watching T.V. somebody entered the house from the back.
7. he had a bad fall while he was repairing his house.
8. From the sounds it was clear that Neha was practicing the harmonium.
9. Just as I was wondering what to do next the call-bell rang.
10.My wife and I were talking about you the other day.
11.They were reading stories.
12.I was playing chess.
13.Rajedra was working hard.

put the verbs in brackets into be going to form:

1. If you dont hurry you are going to miss the train.

2. when are you going to pay the electricity bill?
3. They are going to change their old car.
4. Look at the sky. It is going to rain.
5. The minister is standing up. He is going to make a speech.
6. He is going to grow sugarcane next year.
 7. The girl said I am going to be a model when I grow up
8. The men in the helicopter are going to try to save the wounded soldiers.
9. The men with tomatoes in their hands are going to throw these on the
cricket players.
10.I am going to stay here for some more weeks.

put the verbs in brackets into the future indefinite:

1. They shall know the result in a couple of days.

2. will you have time to help me this weekend?
3. If the class four employees go no strike all office work shall stop.
4. Unless he makes haste he will not catch the train.
5. If he works well I will pay him handsomely.
6. I am sure you will like your new job.
7. If you learn English you shall / will get a better job.
8. If drop this it will break.
9. If you want more food you will have to give me more money.
10.The prime minister shall present the awards.

Direct indirect speech

1. present indefinite v-I verb-iii

2. present continuous is/am was/were/are
3. present perfect has/have had
4. present perfect continuous has been/have been had been
5. past indefinite verb-ii had+verb iii
6. past continuous was/were had been+verb+ing
7. will,shall, ca,many would,should,could
8. must might had to

change of words showing nearness

Now Then Tonight That night

This That Yesterday The previous day

Here There Tomorrow The next day

These Those A go Before

Today That day come Go

Rewrite the following in Reported speech:

1. The visitor said I want to speak to you

ans. The visitor said that he wanted to speak to me.

2. The students said to the teacher,were sorry, were very late.

ans. The students told the teacher that they were sorry, they were very late.

3. My wife said, I ii answer the phone for you.

ans. My wife told me that she would answer the phone for me .
 4. His neighbour said, you have an excellent cook.

ans. his neighbour said that I had an excellent cook.

5. Ive told you everything that I know, said the man to the police
inspector.

ans. The man told the police inspector that he had told everything that he knew.

6. you must leave the country atonce,said the magistrate to the foreigner.

ans. the man asked (ordered) the foreigner that he had to leave the country
atonce.

7. The man said to the fruit seller,These mangoes wont keep they are too
soft.

ans. The man told the fruit seller that those mangoes would not be kept as they
were to soft.

8. The doctor said to me,you have to stay in bed for a week you will soon be
well.

ans. the doctor advised me to stay in bed for a week and assured me that I
would be well soon.

9. If it rains, well have to cancel the match the captain said.

ans. The captain said (announced) that he would have to cancel the match if it
rained.

10.He said,that the earth moves round the sun.

ans. I said that the earth moves round the sun.

11.I said,I will never get married,

ans. I said that I should never get married.

12.we are marching in the name of God. Gandhiji said.

ans. Gandhiji,s said that they were marching in the name of God.

13.The modern generation is delicate weak and much pampered Gandhi

commented.

Gandhi commented that the modern generation was delicate weak and much
ampered.

14.He said, I m learning French.

ans. He said that he was learning French.