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A brief
brief introduction
introduction to
to
GHADEER-E-KHUM
GHADEER-E-KHUM incident
incident
– Narrators
– Further studies / References
– Questions
The
The urgent
urgent revelation
revelation
The
The urgent
urgent revelation
revelation
It was the 18th day of Zil Haj – the 10th year after Hijra.
In front of between 90,000 to 120,000 Muslims.
Those who had gone ahead and those who were still
behind. Also those who had begun to depart in different
directions.
All were recalled to this junction and instructed to
assemble in order to hear an important message.
It was midday and the weather was exceedingly hot.
What
What happened
happened at
at Ghadeer
Ghadeer ??
What
What happened
happened at
at Ghadeer
Ghadeer ??
When the ceremony was over, the Arch angel ‘Gibrael’ came and
brought Ayat No. 5:3.
“…Today
“…Today have
have II perfected
perfected upon
upon you
you your
your
religion
religion and
and completed
completed upon
upon you
you My
My
blessings
blessings and
and approved
approved forfor you
you Islam
Islam as
as
your
your religion...”
religion...” (Al-Maeda/5:3)
(Al-Maeda/5:3)
Homage
Homage to
to Ali
Ali
Homage
Homage to
to Ali
Ali
At this moment the Holy Prophet (SAW) pronounced Takbir (i.e.,
‘Allaho Akbar’) loudly and then added:
“I thank Allah for having perfected His religion and for having
completed His favor and for having been pleased with the
mastership and succession of Ali after me.”
Then He (SAW) stepped down from the platform and said to Ali:
“Sit in a tent so that the chiefs and distinguished personalities of
Islam may swear oath of allegiance with you and congratulate
you”.
“Congratulations,
“Congratulations, O
O son
son of
of Abu
Abu Taleb,
Taleb, You
You
become
become Maula
Maula of
of all
all believers,
believers, men
men and
and
women.”
women.” (Umar
(Umar BinBin Al-Khattab)
Al-Khattab)
Prophetic
Prophetic Tradition
Tradition (Hadiths):
(Hadiths):
Prophetic
Prophetic Tradition
Tradition (Hadiths):
(Hadiths):
Imam Ahmad has recorded the tradition related by Bara' ibn 'Azib in his
Musnad, vol.4, p. 281, transmitted through two different sources. Bara'
says: "We were with the Messenger of Allah. We alighted at Ghadeer-e-
Khum. Congregational prayer was in order. An area under two trees
was swept and cleaned for the Messenger of Allah,(Allah's blessings
and peace be upon him and his posterity). He offered midday prayers
and he grasped the hand of 'Ali and said: 'Do you not know that I have
superior authority over the lives of the faithful than the faithful
themselves?' 'Yes you have,' they replied. He again inquired: 'Do you
not know that I have superior right to the life of every believer than the
believer himself?' 'Surely, you have,' they answered. Then he grasped
the hand of ‘Ali and said: 'Ali is the mawla of all those of whom I am
mawla. O Allah! Love him who loves him and hate him who hates him.'"
Bara' ibn 'Azib says: "Then 'Umar came to 'Ali and said: 'Congratulations
to you the son of Abu Talib. You have become the mawla (master) of all
the faithful men and women.'"
Historical
Historical reports
reports (Tarikh):
(Tarikh):
Historical
Historical reports
reports (Tarikh):
(Tarikh):
Here we just like to mention one instance which took place in Kufa during the
khilafah of Imam Ali, 25 years after the Prophet's death.
At Ali's insistence a large number of people gathered in the plain of Rahbah in
Kufah, he addressed them saying: "I administer an oath in the name of Allah
to all such Muslims as heard the Holy Prophet(SAW) making a proclamation
on the day of Ghadeer-e-Khum, to stand up and testify what they heard him
say. Only those who saw the Holy Prophet(SAW) that day with their own eyes
and heard the proclamation with their own ears should stand up." Thereupon,
thirty companions of the Holy Prophet(SAW), including twelve of those who
had participated in the battle of Badr, stood up and witnessed that the Holy
Prophet(SAW) grasped his (Ali's) hand and said to the audience: "Do you
know that I have a prior right to and superior authority over the souls (i.e.,
lives) of the faithful than the faithful themselves?" "O yes!" they said. The Holy
Prophet(SAW) then said: "He(Ali) is the mawla(i.e., has prior right to and
superior authority over the lives) of all those of whom I am mawla. O Allah,
love him who loves him (Ali) and hate him who hates him."
It is logically impossible that thirty companions might have secretly
agreed to speak a unanimous lie. In addition to the thirty witnesses
there were other male companions whom enmity with Ali
prevented from standing up and giving their evidence as eye-
witnesses, like Anas ibn Malik.
When Imam Ali said to Anas: "Why do you not stand up and testify
what you heard from the messenger of Allah on the day of
Ghadeer?" he answered, "O Amir al-Momineen! I have grown old
and do not remember." Thereupon Ali said: "May Allah mark you
with a white spot (of leprosy) unconcealable with your turban, if
you are intentionally withholding the truth." And before Anas got up
from his place he bore a large white spot on his face. Thereafter,
Anas used to say: "I am under the curse of a righteous slave of
Allah.
Also bear in mind that this incident took place 25 years after the
event of Ghadeer-e-Khum, and during this period hundreds of
eyewitnesses had died naturally or in the battles fought during the
first two khulafah's rule. Add to this the fact that this incident took
place in Kufa which was far from the center of the sahabas,
Medina.
This incident which took place in Kufa in the year 35 A.H. has itself
been narrated by four sahaba and 14 tabi'un and has been
recorded in most books of history and tradition.
Narrators:
Narrators:
Narrators:
Narrators:
Visit
Visit the
the following
following web
web sites
sites for
for answers
answers and
and more
more
information
information on on the
the Ghadeer-e-Khum
Ghadeer-e-Khum incident
incident
http://www.ezsoftech.com/islamic/ghadir.asp
http://www.ezsoftech.com/islamic/ghadir.asp
http://www.al-islam.org/ghadir/
http://www.al-islam.org/ghadir/