Preface Ever since the beginning of Japanese language education for foreigners, the task of learning kanji has been one of the major challenges for learners, particularly those whose native language does not make use of the characters. As a result of the rapid growth in the popularity of Japanese language studies that started in the 1980s, an immense volume of various instructional materials has been created over the ensuing years. These materials include several excellent begining level text- books for the study of kenji, but unfortunately there have been no textbooks that can adequately help intermediate and advanced learners to build upon the founda- tion of knowledge and proficiency in kanji that they have already acquired. ‘The need for such an upper level textbook has been the concern of the Inter- University Center for Japanese Language Studies (IUC) in Yokohama. For over 30 years, the TUC has been providing advanced Japanese language education to graduate students from universities in North America and professionals who are specializing in Japan-related fields, and throughout this period the instructors have been confronted with the question of how to best educate the students in havji, Various methods were experimented with over the years, leading to the formation in the suramer of 1990 of a team of instructors assigned with the task of developing a full-scale system for teaching kanji. In the three years that followed, the team conducted intensive research and trials that included investigation of the use of computers in kanjt education, and the culmination of these efforts was the creation of Kanji in Context—A Study System for Intermediate and Advanced Learners. The text was immediately put to use at the IUC for the 1993-94 session, and it received high praise from the students for the effect it had in raising their kanji proficiency. It was then decided to have the text be published by The Japan Times, Lid., with the hope that it would help ether Japanese language learners around the world to break through the forbidding “kazji barrier.” Before explaining the layout and use of this text, special mention should be given here of the many people whose assistance made this text possible. We extend our warmest appreciation to Dr. Bruce Batten, Director of the Inter-University Center, Ms. Kikuko Tatematsu, Assistant Director, and the entire teaching staff for their support and cooperation in the development of this text, and to the IUC students for the valuable comments and motivation that they provided. We also wish to thank Ms. Chiaki Sekido of The Japan Times, Ltd., for her sage advice, perseverance, and close attention to detail during the editing of this text for publication. Finally, thanks are due to Mr. Jon McGovern for his work in translat- ing and proofreading the text. September 1994 Inter-University Center for Japanese Language Studies Koichi Nishiguchi Tamaki Kono (4)COB OINE & fio lL AAMORE Kanji in Context—A Study System for Intermediate and Advanced Learners |i, PHBRD 2 — AMT LEARKU + ERU AIL CEHE DAR, THE Ott TER PROM Lic, SGI S(O REE ARAN OMDB DPEMTCH. ABM, BRBCI-D Ty 7D 1AM DRM PE be THEFT. BUTE MARL SLT Us B OBE BAF CIENT. RBARE US OP OURS 3 PER EE athEt. O Rs LROF RR IWR ER 2 1 TOBE PRAMAS AUT BREIL, SOMA C— bRES MRL TI EDS RTS EOME (, BNR FO FH Fi SYR LOPS BIR EB 9 Fe PALSY ERAT APOE, WAROBR EMT LEAS ICR EOE BU BALD, Pe EROPAB CH Cie ) ORORE & RE BLT Bas, BED T PRAMS BSE SEL fel ks 5 Be EARS RE LCP OMT OE To. OC BFAARMICBEC EMTHS HALL OBERE CIS, SARIS ERE (BEDS ROWE BRS ORM L ET. FH BOTS 6, REPRE SHEMGEA EAT SLES) ET. ARISE ICL, WB + + BIRO 3B OOKRPASLEADATHET, BORE DI DEREOD FPR BID DL, HOMBRE 5 OLEAN ie Pr OPTED BUDE. BROPRA EV) STAT < SPIRE CA DF BFORKOKY TEOKROIETT. BESS 3 COMER MA RMIICBS BI EOTH, COLI EREORRIE BOT SMe BCBS UE, BEL OREO RAHEO BP RAN CRIED SL PARE (LF Me RSS PREIS HC db LEFT ORR ORA DH & BUET SE BNAISEABU DSBBCE, COL GREON + H+ MIROPRRICINS Ste a CHRO EFETRENTHET, RFOLFRIM Ca, RFBROBRSASCARCTS Hs ROR le bo Tt, MLO REDRESS AC eed b, BPE PL. FOELO REA SOLLEMCHETH, LOL, ROR FHM (Lb DIES OREM ER ONT REO TEC OPMTRU CHORD, PRACTH EY RRCHO MAES HEY LTE LED CACHE L. ABO THIS, BEF OFBEO CE (, ROR 4b -OOKAA MX LCMIRKEDALA TOKHK, SRBC, AKHPEVACHRE bi SCRIBE & MOK LD BU, GERLELK, EK, SHB CHA CMRI, T-DT7 IF CRBR PAK ERED, AYFPALOP COR HAENS EF (eoTHet, BRICRY RLFBTES CNS CORFE CE OMS, IDPH -HNOEAS TN, TOMI FRASEOVIPTA-FEEDTRELK, LOL, RE LARFBRIKLA, —HOFE TS lO0GMEICB TS BLISS A GNEMA. RORD, KABA CIL, SRBCLI-DF v9 TC, AU ARE OO oleae Fl EAC LT SOL oC, PRB yy me BCS EG, WEIS cP ME MA LITO CCEMTESTL EG. CS, BRBLI-DFy Gl T, SZAKNEARCO THALES, & BML MME DRE LEDER, IVD [ARM OG) aA CHR © hi HTC HEL,I. BSfoee 1. BSBOECAR BUCA BE LTAD ES SHMABRE THIF, 1) BARE 1,945 Fic HE) & A] OVE MARI MT FORE (AE, CO TFEORECABHO [SRE] EVES.) 2) FRREO GA 3) FHRE OME 4) FRBFOBAL TOMAS £URER 2. $RRFORE 1981 FIRMA, KAAS HS RTBAORE RADAR LCKMEPR SHALE L 72, MMR (S, 1,915 FORE LEX OREO BEY EMDR S HTOEF. BHECORABRERISE (ASR ETALSN, BRB, PB MERE. BH CLASS ESRI HOMEY Ho TOS T. ABA CE, COMAMRERO 1,905 FORETN TE. [HES & PI 2 Fes BREE LL. (HCO TI, MII b LIT LIS RDN, Fb MACH BERR TORABLA THOSE, ER [Ml Cows, [HME £009 ae ROR COMI MLO LEAT, PRMEL LEELA 3. FBRFOKED ; os ABH TIL. 1,947 FOFBRE ©, HAGOL RBA MG LT 6 OMAHA ELA. FOMBAL FORMBY TH. * | See | mB Bike| 008 | WRONAMI— Ze T LAFRRCANELTS HLS EBA DSR E EE, Bek 100 = PRO UAB I-A CHR L TO SERR CH MITE CREE 350°) FFM LAI SLBA ONS B3Ike 850 PRO AABIA- AT-M SNS LAHSA Rit 1,200 F) | SRF. TSeer Be Eee eee eee 98 4 kat | 220 HERD FARES — AC LAE LASSI HRT HSH | GREE 1,420F) | Aoi OME, HEV, EMO DA I-— AT | WHC FRSNALYLENDRE 98 5 7k | ne EBC AED — AC LAL LES B HRY EL | GRet 1,832) | Lone 6 iE | 115 PBN ie BLM AD PE OPER oe RO HC L oid IL | (481 1,947 F) | FPR. LOMO, BACT SRE, WES SCSI BY BBA RU had T EIS Lai at LORE BREOD 39D TU - TIBI NTRS, ESLER ATT 2 RE BE, Heb BABU MiB 500 CRB CHR DUB REDH 80% E ANF BL EWC], 1,000 FM THEMED 94% EAN-TEBEVILETT. COMPELS, AHH OB 3 rkHE (1,200 F) ¥ CHIT TUES SRF O MAST CHE A AME (1,420 F) CHET TUT, (3b 5 DT EE LO RDNLORELRTRIT EG CECI RT. KMD E C4, BKM, HSVUHAK So TSH 4S CHR TH, MERU ER ROMMILAELAC. HLILATORRO HMI de CRB MY: HS GREE RAL RE CRS BRO MME ARCO L TRIE TLE 50 4. SRRFORA 8. DEF 6G ODKEILAU EERRS d, REN RRE OMA CHAI. FIR PEKONIWEIY, ROWE Y LE, SEFXCMICMMLT, BREC LICH HEMT CRIILE Lio BLAKE CB KET. SERRE ORO Db. MIR La (BORE Bl: (5. AMBRE & Ae] FBIM) YG LORMAN Se WIcAAL ELE. FSR AK CIE, FOES CERAM L CHS GALE Le SEAN BE > | RAD ER Sc Lo CK LADY, ESO Rb SYR TH MULE TS CAI Ae Hi E> + BCE MT ORE (LOHR L CHATS, GEO FIBER EH, Pad BREIL TS FBR L CERT Bo C9]+ ROFRERER ODI CEN, FROMMLT OCH dLORE (SBHEL CHEAT 3. + MA — EO BRT —FEBRLTOAM A SOLIGMHREE DOTHRT Bo SAS HRA TIS, HS FRR OSMECKO CERES HOLE LAS SLT. HROB 6 KETC, SXO7U-F CLIC FBEROIGHE L FEREOMAO RKRE SEL CPRRE SI LE Ure COLI CREB [FRBRE—-BR] (p. 280) CH. ABOYBRMEICO ROMANE THEA SITET, 5. RPI CALF PAOUICIE GPIB NOE ED DORNER ROK L BOI LAE CREAR LE Lo HR MREISH) 9,000 MT. DARED SRD 1 OWE BOKMIAPGRENTHOET, SPRBEO RAD 7 6, ROR LARS, TOPAIRE © BOI A WMH C. FOF ERE RUPERT LO BAROTT. SHLD EG (3. RFORP BB MO MTL, HAO CBE, HORE BIE Ue UCR LE LA, £B. BRIER DNSHR, RAOREOAEOFRR ENO FESUVVNCORRBLE LE (REL, ZOMBIE PALE OMEDTELK —— [6. Al] & 3H). [10]6. A fl TL tL Te er 1 Ly) BN beacsa), te a # FR Zeb child, son/daughter ee && companion ak CAE3 cv. confess, admit © BRE 225 805 cu. supply Be RCs 5) demand © PRB £24 offer o BaD {$2 votive offering eae 1 bo o DRMWLF/OQ RFBS/O MH @ RF OB L) BBFC D TA NABEDRAE TA THR LE LI. DIIEHBA ED CMRASRL THIET. ( ) BUEN WE OMETT. 50 8s 5 ee] pars Pb25 ad | pb aen Fe Dias(us) s MMF IL, TORAH ARERO [RL GO RLMKO SMO EM] CHS CeemLlet. % a pie <, Oe ¢ DLA, LS, LAW) Bf ae bxo5, £25, BA [AT] boc, 0, B28) QBOWUTOSFICMT SH WR bol, BOMTOSE BEET hd, cf E CTRL EMBO BAN, WEL TORFRS EARL CHV ET. ang DITA sr am Dua &KRA ORRAEY—-2 FRORAO LIA, MICMBRERT MS OE LA, OocoD AIRE & Gt aS (Pot LH 1 2 RM LOIRE (1-350) LP CE WEE LTROK) OKRA Nev a5 ae all right, secure, safe > #0" mR bad Japanese style ("ERB E RT.) 2) REET CHDK SILT BOY, FREI MES EATH O bD o Revi BEV very oO BR & (Hv cv. flunk, fail os 248A probaility, likelihood ELERIS DDD BPR BRE Ass tec valley @ ee 184% malt GB HER + CRIB 2 eR ®xrZ tA: 4 daimyo, feudal lord @®x A letter “ES DOT EIS LIME DIE ORR LR ‘Re 229 copper/green rust, patina @ e + pawn (in Japanese chess) CREOMADG TOS BMS, OWES M5 CHM LTB BRET MEL OE EDNSERCT Db. BAAVR HY ELA, EF. MORI DML T ¢ WSO, DPT 97TH, CNHEOMAIW THEVAMAL TS MBAT BES (Cte 2THdt. EH. ODWRHOEEL EA, ROR CHEERS Hh, Z ORC bE BCESL GROTH ET, {12 ]Oe fil ADP ATRES EMRE LIOKE OA SSB SOI DMEWE LR. See RRIBEE (REL. FP CORISERIEE L CHC < BBE HEED) £509 co. unity #7 three-way junction Sof OER EADIE 0 RE SebA (rice) bowl, teacup © K*BAF BS. Osaka Prefecture OBAMA PREBAG ET SICA, FOMeosk le. Prone ZORA A MERD (TKI OUCH SILER. CIB IEEE ECHO LNT BG TERIEMTH B. mA “WEY one person 0 =4+°RR 41445 twenty years old Ae REA OMA Ch SEER As bil, *beL Ime @) sae *SSDiD& light snowfall © BANB* cos TRE aE WIC F SISO CHa & LTA SEO) THSCLEMT. as Le sif> cv, depart, leave HE GSA cv, calculate, compute ut./ vie BARD BPE Cld lad / ARABS Se OAD, vt KE vi, PRL. Blt S 2+ ot. continue BC 27< vi, continue (13 JChe BED 1K 1 > GRECIAN SHIRE AR Le, oF ets =EL child, son/daughter cf. Kodomo can be written as FE & or th, VER So% novelist cf. #H(Uo Le) writer, #48(5 5) author abbr. MECH SILERS, BASRIT KA SA3 the Bank of Japan. cf. abbr. HEISE EA) O RUPAAA RAB OA junior college cf. abbr, WAUATE) Be RCH SIE BRT. 0 EMAL LemATEL subjective BAM HIE (Se oA TELS) objective Bow BAT sunrise PADAY (BOW) sunset ae @I-A7 v7 EOS 7-27 92 LOMAS CDDBLIN, SHH 7-7 Ty POS MCL MCR), WROBEL ALTHV ET. @! QA WEL BROFR E95 FF LET Bt, AE TIE 2 MMO IF ALTE Le. ORBFOHICMEWIEL EF) DAFA CDAFATIL, CMRES LORFECEBOUMT SRE COPELD CHARLELK. @BRIIBTSI54 SDIPLCS, HROFHR EET SIZ, BURMA & LORS SE CM THERLELKA. 7. % 5 REFER OWED RwdIZ, BYR A OMB WMT HY ES. OBR, QFHRE, QRHRE|, ORR 1OTH. IK, MIM EBM LES. { 14](A) RFORADLDA 2 TOSHA ® Bales] BFORAH (BRA ERIAMRA) HAD > TH AMA, HMR CHE EIS Ed. FMRI CIAAOLEREO TN TORAH VSO I LSM GM) CHR SN, BAT SFRRE LRP BSUS ORALMEN THEFT. MAD WAS) 2% HREM TORT. (B) RFORADADAS UGA REORAL OAD EIB IS. FIERY ITH AKT. QFER| F [Cia REOBE Fa) EL THNET. BES. HOROMMTCE Clb 0 SA. WHEICIE, SIE “Ma” LG AL OFEMRRE ERD). LAL DRELTO LG GMMOMABDETT STOKED, MABDLHKL-EONY —VHH), HMROMB Lo CLP DBIMIA TEATS LUTEET. in v7 b (eft) KR R 2 Of 34 b (right) BR 3 by 7 (top) ® @ PF | AK b 4. (bottom) % ® S 5 wr hy Fv 7b (top & left) RoR OR me V7 bREA (eft & bottom) ot 771 by FA b (top & right) yw ’ Audeo Ey? a—Y4%— (enclosure) Hex Rk A FIR Cl, COLI EPRRERONI —y Sho T. FORM CREE BAet, DET, BNROREE ESC, PRR ES LOE. 2) BRO FBR F +» —b CL OMRRORS EHMKET. Fr —b Cl, He RRA ELD BOWMIA PIE AMUN GATOR TH Bb, HMR OAL EMRE L 6 WER L CHIN T CES 0 SMM ROR SE bE, FRR CRF EMSET. THENDOTHERED FAC, HRM CHEAHEAR SH, TORFHSHRENTOET, [15]BN VORE I FIARRRY 2 DBO SNSIEMECHVETA, FOLIO WEILL SE OBRETHA TEPEVECA, PELTKIONA, AHMOL4 | PCL. AMD [A] PE THE CEMTRET. Hols [BI OWA, Eb OTH) PST. FO PO] PETES CEMCEET. OBER Meo, PO) Cel Pe) PIR OFFI kM BWA VIRRNE WEALAVET, ZOLI GBF, TTHIMPRIIOMRL THIET, ER, MARGIE, LOK EPRI 189FOW I, FRSITH| Rl Ce EMDNZRF I0FLANTHVI ET. HAWK LAGREMGENTHAME Wd ta iz, ERG Ih SMES BF SOLS BOOLET, REODRAEO DHBH? = Yes he i ABM DP 2TVSED — HATA DERE? REBDHS FHA No HON? PEED eee rit FRARRT + — bowie |_No ADFT D BD? JV Yes l | BURT (FUMRROBSE ELC (BERSBRS ) BEET puree Ext) fe J J L RRORE DHS Lb [ tC DRE UT BBY DDS [ 16 ] I ———(C) SR ERLAUES OBER | BEBICMEASN THAT TH? BHO) LBM (HARM aE, SHAME NT SRERSERLE LK. CORI SM THUMM SEE PROBE NS CM CRET HS, BHREFRAMO £5 IHG Ck ae Et. Wl. I-77 yIOBR 1, I-27 yINEBAR T- D7 7 2 CAS, Bl, BRBICMES HK BAS SAR CH 10 FF OBL 2ARMET IS 20°F FO) HOD LY, OGM BAL, BERR EMIT Be DIP OER DUS EHMNE SESECBCRRLTO ET. BULA ¢ BONA Y ar PHMYMoTHET. BEF Y a YONA FOIEY TH, 1. FRM SORHAS Go ARNE, TUNG RL, KOH te E TL. FA BEPO eA PY MR OBER, AERO A He Ze TH, BEA & (Bo TRI AR THE, FNENII THEDTEASRMMLET, MOHD FRILBSR AR MENA CHSOLERLTHETF, 1. COR 7 Yay Td, BHINTOERREMRL, HORANEMO GEE HLEt. 1) BRIO ILE SO BOTA $l) ORR BRT RR UNE 2) RECO AP Gets sv RIOR COOMERA EL fl) PeFS BRU RAHSOR BREFS/MS {17 ]3) LEO E tho AONE ol) XEVERMECRI FMEHMIAN TRS FERS CRS «AANA OV TRIAS I, CDRA Yay Ct, HRINTH SAE WIR L, HOTEL OBO BE EPRLET. ) REED FHAO PR OE a $l) BHeBfo PRY PL 3% F5R FHS SHR MTR BR IR 2) HEROD At fi) XOBR/REC RMT SO X OBR REC RAT S W(E)F3 > BETS (REL (iS Anh I, CDeF Ya rls, ARE ESHA TCT, PRORLAHOKE TOMO HE ‘FRLET. BIL, AFR RUIR EH THR EEO SOLACE POL SEE FORAOBRE ERS SOME MME BDLSIOEMRLELR, FR BORA GAM LTHVET. 2. I-77 9 CRI A T-27 77 CA, BHECHERE NEBR 1b, MBEV—7 (0, B B® > [IL-6. AB] BR) BOOT ORE tho TR ES, V-7 OS ORAL (d, HEREC RRO CROP Seok, oT ktA. CB, BVOC, H1 + Dk POPARII TBD, FS + 6 KMD} OD Pik CEE AMR Bb 1 Sat, Ro To dtA] 3. T-DA yD CPB DA PD 7 PDE ETL BRED B 1 TRUER b HE 3 RHEE T (1 -1200) OMIT SLISS SMB A, EGE 2 BIC ULES 4 Hed 6 8 6 oRMEE © (1201-1947) DAZE ADT SERB, THEMES TOET. [ 18 ]IV. ABM ORO 1. WRLE-UL ANB & tio TAPRWNS FR FS SOI 1d, ROR ODI — 2 #) 200~300 FE BRL TOSS EAMETT. & 5D LAKAI &, ARB OE BRP 5b. B81 ME (1—250) DF RREORMO GHOAKMS & iA CHAT & BEWFLETH. CDVANDERETCHIUL, ABU OSHEE I-77 7 7E SEAT LCRA LC, HEE < fRRI FLUE ENSTL G6 IRLAE £7 RR BLAE TDR LTB AIL, KEM OBEB E Hho C. FRE CHL TREE HR & REHE L. BE OMRE RYT OLA CEST. TOMA, I-77 y Dit SED EO MRA Z EERE CHE RD TUIZOW TLE D6 2. CL PSFBewmosr 2 C, BEM OE 1 RHE LO 2 ARHELS PARRA, 5B 3 7K MES PAR BEA, LAR ERIE, LTH 5 RHEE HS 6 RMIT ERE SI CLC ET. PARA OM + HAP LProwaic koC¥ cmb Mie ed Tb EO RVAD, ARRYICIEH LIKED MMA MRT SLE BHET. BL + 27k LORE OKMBINIT Cielo THBZLE . BPH ROS EL ct So tRCUMOEMY EG. EL IH F7Hy ATA, Bl + QrvRMIS 1 MICHIE BRAPMES CLT W FROM SNS EGRLTHVET. 3. RBM EROLKRFCRFBROFR ABO EP OMT L TORE ( DI, Co CAA ORE & Ae L tery LPR GEIC IO TRBLET, Lek, AK bo CHS SMA ) STO CT. ABORT B72 API RRP) Ty CHB E Ho TOE 3S bre [ marks the kun readings. Okurigana are placed in parenth- eses 50) oy bard me bess i FP) been ve D maw) 2) Readings which according to the Joyo kanji Hyo are limited in usage or to special cases are printed in light font. “ Bl res ees ete 7 DLA, LS, Lats) 58) a Pi5, a5, BA bs AT] pe), @«), B28) © Kanji similar in appearance : In some cases, kanji that are similar in appearance to a particular kanji entry are listed on the right side of the heading along with their number in the text, so as to prevent confusion. a8) ys] pA a7 iz R Dea AA 4 © Notation of difficulty Difficult vocabulary have been marked with special symbols for clear reference. Bene 1) Vocabulary which contain a kanji that has not yet been studied in the text. (Note that all the kanji in Levels | and 2 are treated as previously studied characters.) O ATRA Kovs 5s all right, secure, safe © fo" = 45 Japanese style (* denotes the kanji which has not yet been studied.) 2) Vocabulary which are made up of previously studied kanji but are considered difficult words. O AMIS astewts very o BR SC Kt cv, flunk, fail (26)‘Special vocabulary related to nature. @ ke tes (valley RE ka malt : “Special vocabulary related to history or literature. @ xZ% Sut 5 daimyo, feudal lord @x AD letter Special vocabulary which are used very rarely. a ALES copper/green rust, patina @ * 4. pawn (in Japanese chess) Since the vocabulary marked with these symbols are considered difficult in one’ s first encounter with them, there is no need to memorize them right away. Instead, start with the vocabulary that are not marked with these symbols (the workbook covers only the unmarked vocabulary). Most of the vocabulary marked with © appear again later in the text so that they can be studied once more. @ Appearance in text Vocabulary which contain a kanji that has not yet appeared as an entry or a kanji which does not appear as an entry at all are marked with the following symbols: ‘Kanji which have not yet appeared as an entry (kanji which soon appear thereafter as an entry are left unmarked). oo ° = £509 ev. unity 2° f§ = ADE three-way junction +-Kanji which do not appear as an entry in the text. © BH — BebA (rice) bowl, teacup © ASAP wardes Osaka Prefecture Special readings The following symbols have been added to vocabulary which have a special reading: Supplementary readings which appear in the appendix to the jayo Kan; These represent ateji and jukujikun which are recognized as Joyd Kanji readings. ame “ob 9 one person © STR Mkt twenty years old [27]“Readings which are not recognized as Joyo Kanji readings. a bil, “beL Ime sD “58002 light snowfall © Meaning This denotes compound verbs (compounds which can be used as verbs by the addition of sur). cv. Rae Lik cv. depart, leave ae UeSA cv. calculate, compute hese are used to indicate whether a verb is transitive or intransitive in cases where it cannot be determined from the English translation alone. EIFS = 95S ot. continue BE ¢ 2< vi. continue cf.--This marks notes on usage or related vocabulary. FRE LEb child, son/daughter cf. Kodomo can be written as $E % or FH VER Bom novelist. cf. ®¥(O> LP) writer, B8( 2 Ue) author abbr. This denotes abbreviations of compounds. BRSRIT CUAYAS3 the Bank of Japan cf. abbr. BBLS XA) © REMAS KABLOK junior college cf. abbr. A(K ARO) ‘This denotes antonyms. O BML Loratst subjective Be RHE (2eoHA THI) objective BOR GO sunrise BAOAY (BOW) sunset @ Cross reference with workbook Each section of the reference book corresponding to a lesson in the workbook is marked off with a dotted line, and the number of the corrosponding lesson is, also given. 52 10 [ 28 ]@ Columns In order to help you further expand your knowledge of kanji and kanji-based vocabulary, two different types of informative columns have been included in this text. = Easily Confused Kanji Kanji which can be easily confused due to common components or similarity in appearance are presented together in this column. = Related Vocabulary Vocabulary which are connected in meaning are presented together in this column. 7. Index Four types of indexes have been included to allow for speedy reference: on-kun, form, stroke, and vocabulary. These indexes can be used as described below. (A) When the reading is known: On- Kun Index This index can be used to look up a kanji when you know either its on or kun reading. All the readings for kanji entries are contained in the index (arranged in aiwe-o order), with the corresponding kanji and its number of order in the text, Okurigana are included for the kun readings. (B) When the reading is not known: Either the form index or the stroke index can be used to look up a kanji when you do not know the reading. Form Index In this index, use the structure of the kanji to help you find its location. As most learners know, kanji are not random collections of dots and lines; instead, most of them are made up of distinct components. There are a large number of such components, and there is a set pattern to how they are combined to form a kanji. The location of the main component can take one of the following eight types of positions. lo v7>b (left) tf we 2 0 34> (right) 3 Br 3° by 7 (top) > a P | 3 A (bottom) HR F 5f by FV7> (top & left) eB mR RB 6 VIbRKEA (left & bottom) dk #70 s’ HUES hy 774 b (top & right) ay & 2Y7a—Y %— (enclosure) Aw k a The above types of position are used to look up a kanji with the form index as follows: 1) Determine which component is the main component of the kanji that you wish to find 2) Look up the number of the main component by referring to the chart at the end of this text. The main components for each of the eight position types are arranged in order of stroke number, so it will be necessary to carefully check the main component's position and stroke number in order to use this index. 3) Use the component number to find the kanji in the index. The kanji are arranged under each component heading according to stroke number, and their entry nember is given. There are many cases where two components of a kanji are recognized as its main component, and either one can be used in this index to look up the kanji. For example, in the case of f&, both 4 on the left and % on the right can be used to look up the character. In the same manner, the kanji f§ can be referenced with its top component FH or its bottom component Stroke Index There are some kanji that do not fit into the eight position types, such as +b, 42, #8, and jf. All these kanji (185 characters) not found in the form index are included in the stroke index. Also found in the stroke index are kanji which are considered difficult to find through the form index (30 characters). It would be a good idea to go over the stroke index at least once in order to familiarize yourself with what sort of kanji are listed. (C) Looking up vocabulary: Vocabulary Index All the vocabulary contained in the reference book are listed in a-i--e-o order in the vocabulary index with the corresponding entry number of the kanji under which they appear. Thus the reference book can serve as a dictionary through the use of the vocabulary index to look up the location of a particular word to find its meaning. [ 30] | v a { Look up the kanji \ in the on-kun index. / EEE Do you know the reading of th kanji ? Yes a i No J Is there a main component that you recognize ? J Yes Is it on the component /Use the component number to look up the kanji in the form index. ——______ | EEE No. | Ee No ie en sue } } “Count the number of \ strokes and look up the kanji in the stroke Nindex 7 II. Overview of Workbook 1. Main Contents ian lesson of both volumes of the workbook focuses on approximately 10 kanji fealty 20 for Levels land 2) from the reference book in the order that es fake and provides a variety of approaches to help you master the usage of eae Vocabulary and expand your overall understanding of kanji-based cabulary. Each lesson is divided into three major sections as listed below:Section I: Double compounds, idiomatic expressions, and sentence patterns that use the vocabulary. Section II: Related vocabulary, other related words, contrasting expressions. Section II: Example sentences using the vocabulary. Now follow some examples of the material presented in each of the above sections. Underlined words are the vocabulary from the reference book. 7 on the basic usage of the vocabulary is learned by studying expressions containing them. 1) Double compounds containing the vocabulary, e.g.; APRS BRIT RR RTI 2) Broad idiomatic expressions using the vocabulary, eg.; Pho 2 FB RR BREPS/mS BRADPEALMS RE 3) Sentence patterns using the vocabulary, e.g.; FR EHR AN CRS AHR OUT RIA % Section II In this section, the connections in meaning between the vocabulary and related words are studied. 1) Related target vocabulary and other related words, eg.; WEP EME ERA FG FGR FRE SER MIR ER IR 2) Contrasting expressions, e.g.; XORR/RRIRRTS > XOBR/RRIRRTS M(e)FS —> Bl(e)tS SEL fet Ah Section III In this section, the usage of the vocabulary is learned in the context of example sentences. The example sentences have been chosen so as to be of interest to adult learners, and they are the most appropriate examples for learning proper usage of the vocabulary. The readings of the underlined vocabulary are given on the right of the sentences. [ 32] 2. Vocabulary Covered in Workbook The vocabulary treated in the workbook are only the ones in the reference book that do not bear any of the symbols for difficult words (©, @, @), @): see Il. 6 “Explanation of Entries”). The marked vocabulary have not been included because they do not belong to a corresponding stage of study. In addition, some unmarked vocabulary have not been included in the workbook: very basic vocabu. lary found in Levels 1 and 2, and rarely used special vocabulary found in Levels 5 and 6. 3. Division of Workbook The first volume of the workbook covers Levels 1-3 of the reference book (kanji no. 1-1200), and the second volume covers Levels 4-6 (kanji no. 1201-1947) IV. How to Use Kanji in Context 1. Target Level One of the assumptions for the effective use of Kanji in Context is that the learner has mastered the 200-300 kanji normally taught in a typical beginning course. In terms of this text, you should already be familiar with most of the key words for the kanji entries in Level 1 (kanji no. 1-250). If you have mastered these kanji, then you should be able to make effective use of the reference book and the workbook together to systematically learn the Ranji and vocabulary presented, If you are still at the beginning level, you can quickly increase your knowledge of compounds and other vocabulary by using the reference guide to systematically organize the kanji that you study in your beginning course textbook. As for the workbook, you should perhaps wait until you have increased your knowledge of Fanji and vocabulary to a certain extent before you start using it. 2. Where to Start For the most part, Levels 1 and 2 of the kanji entries in the reference book represent the beginning level of study, Level 3 represents the intermediate level, Level 4 represents the advanced level, and Levels 5 and 6 represent the post- advanced level. While it is possible for you to enter this text at any point in accordance with your current level of proficiency and preferred study method, generally it will be best to start at the beginning with Level 1. Although you are most likely already familiar with a large number of the kanji in Levels 1 and 2, Study of these levels is sure to help expand your knowledge of kanji-based Vocabulary. In addition, the lessons in the workbook corresponding to Levels 1 and 2 contain more kanji than the other lessons so that you can quickly and efficiently Proceed with your studies. [ 33 ]3. Studying Kanji and Kanji-Based Vocabulary with Kanji in Context Below are some pointers that will help you to get the most out of the special design of this text. However, as everyone has his or her own preferred study method, feel free to study this text in the manner that best serves your needs after you have become acquainted with its set-up. Step 1: Acquire a fundamental knowledge of the Aanji entries Fully memorize the meaning and reading of the key words in the reference book and the kanji from which they are composed. This study gives you a fundamen- tal knowledge of the kanji Step 2:_Learn the meaning and usage of the kanji entries Go over the vocabulary listed for each entry in the reference book to learn the meaning and usage of the hanji. Step 3: Study the vocabulary Memorize the meaning and reading for all the unmarked vocabulary in the reference book. Since the vocabulary marked with ©, @, @, and (@ are vocabulary for a more advanced stage of study, there is no need to learn them right away. Step 4: Study the usage of the vocabulary and learn related words Use the workbook to study the usage of the vocabulary from the reference book and other words related to the vocabulary. Be sure to fully memorize the meaning, reading, and usage of all the underlined words (the unmarked vocabu- lary from the reference book). If you are unable to recall the meaning or reading for a particular word, then go back to the reference book to get this information. Note: All the unmarked vocabulary from Levels 3 and 4 in the reference book are covered in the workbook, but only the unmarked vocabulary in Levels 1 and 2 which are not very basic words and the unmarked vocabulary in Levels 5 and 6 which are essential are taken up in the workbook. Step 5:_ Check your mastery Have your Japanese teacher or a friend make simple quizzes for you to check your mastery of the material. Use just the unmarked vocabulary in the reference book for the quizzes. Level 1)% o ° bud, YD Due, BECO) - Wb one 2.484 one minute SE £59 cv. unify SAREE OA TA general, usual, ordinary “E—7) HOD sole ae “we one person —A-A PUEDEN one (person) by one, one (person) at a time =o WED one (thing) -AT = wBeHT ata glance -#8 “ours the first day of a month) a WSIS one day | Db, bE(D) a> two minutes i 479 two persons = At two (things) =H Ow the second ay of a month), two days BAB ae oe —BPwowek) OSs eA) FMB BA) PORE RA)D PAE 2 RA/E@ 284) HAWED ZAGED) ERSARA) ABUEB SAME DEA) EA(EAKA) =+B “tom the twentieth (day of a month) © AT RR CES twenty years old tT] pan [Tt] PAR (9), Aol) SA three SARA three minutes SAKA three persons 407 three (things) 4om the third (day of a month), three days AOL three-way junction APSE crescent moon mL bk, (9), £2(9), SA a EA, L four wp EAA four minutes BA SISA four persons wa £29 four (things) 3H kom four days VACA Latokom April 4 0 WO" kom” crossroads, four way junction, WALA RA) ALAR IBA) BR(SRA) PACEKA) AACA) FALL IEA) ACL BAIR EIA) NAUEBIEA) LACE @IICA/CIEA) FAL FEA) lz bo A Deo, Wo(0) B = five By CAA. five minutes * BA cK five persons BO 439 five (things) Aa om the fifth (day of a month), five days | hae [BS be, (>), Go), tw a Bt six ae Sos six minutes AA CICA six persons AS #07 six (things) *a tlad the sixth (day of a month), six days ; ROW) BF cutting into six pieces +z PLS DRG, BR), a + Lb, 2% seven ey %%GA seven minutes tA %%IZA seven persons +73 % 7% seven (things) BABI) ae ae TOWED) ZO(ARO) 2 2(409) ADHD) OREO) A 2(e59) TBOeves) = Also» + B(eom) DSB (bem) o+ Bliiom) NACE Ge) WD(k 9) WO(2299) ZA (om) ALB (Soom) ANE NA 8 1K +B %O% the seventh (day of a month), seven days “7 “setts the Festival of the Weaver, the Star Festival | rise %, PC), Po(>), £5 oN (£5 eight NE (254A eight minutes DA (£5124 eight persons AD 52 eight (things) AB 452 the eighth (day of a month), eight days ABE “SBS fruit and vegetable shop YQ P2bE) cv. take out one's anger on someone ANE PAREKH double-flowered cherry tree {7 paws, ¢ | Dbo=IM, ==a(>) ca 395, ¢ nine ne 39544 nine minutes RA SM FIA nine persons no Z2M7 nine (things) 2LB clMs nine days FLA PLB (A220 September 9 B29) +B) AA (eon) +A (eae) WA(k 2a)S61 7KHE <10-15> BtOPAA 1 7 HiwKE Ge + BFA 9 @__ BOA ROR 16-19) 1 okie PLDI, Lo ee ~ #4 ~ thousand -K “UE one person "AA ALIS, BTABLE bes, & OF BINH Blanokd the Kuril oh “4.09 two persons os Islends : Cw ten 4 2 SAISA three persons PIF, wo todhe UeoeA ten min- | B DEA, IEA TACICA five or six persons boa 3 5 Ue dkACE) in full, thor: UE person WoLIU Monday mr veh 1d oughly aa 2A ten Haousans BEIOUE man 2% month, moon Ce FEA _ BILAL _ +A bes ten persons aA W>S2424 ten thousand yen BAZOWE woman 284 moon-viewing OTF cb @5L# cross 0 DR ARAU fountain pie eee BE 2 fountain pen BEE people *wr3% crescent moon eB things) - BAW dy hance, 4 + pases oe anything chould happen . Boe adult WbdO January +8 EBM the tenth (day of fe 3 t month), ten days Ag Hey» bEKAELD thorough, all pos %ZFL gocbetween, match- eA pei one month sible (means/etc.) maker i o+f tA tenfold ee BARA WXDSILN fine weather in : A enaserys L45& amateur May national holiday Day FRYAK FAVACA an American —B aya dhe fear Gay at . r% the first (day of a KG Lk3U Wei 7 oo PEA — BILL LA a Chinese month) KE TORI Wednesday : BAA — ELRAUA a Japanese =H “Acom the second (day of * OF water month), two days 7 aa +4. one thousand ee eeeth a Pe Ri FWEI waterworks, water +A weak cay, = joreigner =H. Aowm the third (day of a service, tap water 2A one thousand yen month), three days . 1 = ORE FeRe Mercury 7A S(U2,°8DF yesterday oH ae 2 ? a Ce Kiyomiza Tem- 81 ke riZd, m4 BAMA baw} branch off from ~ TOM EDI, EMHE after that Pees x ray e cf. HN (baNS) part : Dac 6 DEL from, separate from a person Wie AZ front and behind, PES rete before and after, about &¢ EIU Thursday! RE BitaA next year BRAD Tscss fifty-titty - . FRE ALICES,*HE0T the & tree KE AEA last year 09 DRO be share day after tomorrow AK trees De EL this year ceetacsad BS 3B behind, back AME big tree & &L year, age a db ] plA, eA BT HET later ORB b6 ee Jupiter tAdA (the year) 2000, 7 Dug ~(L AR ~(LeHE after ~ twa thousand years isi ¥ o ARG “SDA cottor Pe ik ner BAe DBE later i fa SABARW third-year 9 a ol wn i ‘ ; © ASL =H grove/thicket of trees student ASB ZAL3. this week BS Bi cna tebe Co ena on, months a = ae $A naive, & Lo& months and DA Cece : cat 1B) be late er) , : ae ee BBD —- ZF XKM following (vehi Diva, me Sep RAUWI the whole year >a ZA today, nowadays clefete.) throughout the year AE rele el 5 7 ft £3 today aoe B BASU Friday ASA tobLA ou date of birth a H " PUSF, LEG EL. this yea 54.5 . & A gold ED EASE pension 7 ef duos aun 3 DIA, Jb, DA, ALT aN fh woney OA GS this morning 3), BHD), OlE(S), O 3 “pe 3h Ss 1, DI BA ie ade icutnseia i me @ PEEP SAUL IAUm the reigning CES), ORF) ; 1 bee eames b 32 top; on, above & BATU Venus aie sBL " 2 = 5 b¥ coat, - Fe veeelnelie ttle BL one o'clock 2 Le 3b¥ coat, jacket Seay Uaz time 4 EFt *UL59% skilled, good (ten. ZAE3 main hall of a tem: 7 nis player/drawing/ete.) ple, golden pavillion aU = hor eT CHA moming BITA, ZHta gold Ph Fh %UEF onthe ground ate LaeR “s 4 © afternoon ssceaatas mE bis upper reaches of a pee £8 time U- five o'ctock p.m. river, upstream : Ade wi OMB ELS ta price increase; cv. raise pow LU clock, wateh wed. prices jus o *Uemh rain shower in late DER eEIU Saturday qucimar ate ete DER AVS HWS raise 2% soil, earth s #2. in front of, before LAs BAB rise, go up &% land Z| PA, BA, ate EER MF9TCAL*S inbound train pi «| 7) pba), bona), bor eee a s\> Saturn a esac bi LS DIES _ rise, go up (stairs) b BAS “acy 3), BO) pero cf. "B(IES) go up, climb b. souvenir ay z = | ABiEARR vnup, inde- 5 7 A ~ minute(s) pee eee up, inde | 9) bmg oes bB_ be more than, sur- B 3 ty Uw I AL enough, suifi- ae a : 7 He moe cient Fi cteceoneeuainat O EES — ORES have a rush of blood 18 a sath ini eat to the head, be crazy about (a ie Ke FOAA moisture, wate oly man/woman) E650 Sunda Age . alt ie =" oe SxS PAE satleratani renin, 4 DILYA), BE, OB, BC | oO LF IEF pat on, put something aa £3 day (of the week) wees (na) ‘on (top of) BITS bUVS share, divide 5th salt ef TAR << afternoon @tr LIA: saint 6 7BB mK 632-36) To? he # 4 RMR EA te <37-43> 981 IE o o we TK Tes ar FR nF ~OTt TK TH ET OEE LY 33 4 Firs TAF TS a F2 FSS REF FHe | eo PAE par DLA, Le, Be, aT B), B(HS), CHB), ¢ KF). CESS), BA 4), B(DS) SOTO subway Li bottom; under, beneath Lr#& rough copy, draft; cv, draft {OL% sock L&A. preliminary visit #bL% lower reaches of a river, downstream ~M&=ET under the supervi- sion of ~ (FFU. sewage, drainage WL ce. get off (@ train) 34 upand down, top and bottom; cv. go up and down 217 price reduction; cv. lower prices SB bring down, lower BAF put down cf. BAT (844) unload, drop off (a passenger) B96 go down cf. HIS (89%) get off (a train/etc.) (9 TAL® outbound train 63 in the daytime 0 BP MYR kobwa AG Sino. Japanese relations —BaY /SEBEwF all day long YEAR BOF throughout the world 0 wp LAL) double suicide; ce. commit suicide together O Pe] PH SeILEIRE EG small and medium-sized enterprises a Be pas 15 D&S Hi EL side, beside BNA — EES cross oH £223 profile 0 BT BIRA cv. cross, go across 3 [5] m5, 5 5 Dae eo BE right oF ET right hand/arm GE ASSL right foot/leg 0 eR JE< the right wing, rightist LEGS E057 control, affect = z be 52] pony z BEY left AF UOT left hand/arm ER UKYVHL left foot/leg ASF S IFS control, affect oR SE< the left wing, leftist v7 AR PIZA i: bee R 1ZA4 book wk ~l£A counter for long objects BA IEA, EoIRA Japan Re 1ZAUA_ one’s real intention one’s right mind AR (E450 originally, from the first oO RTHIS | AEF truly, really oe AD (EA E5M true, real o* YE the beginning, the origin 38 #L ps Vb) boca wm D6 desk O MED ER FLEIDL IDK arm chair theory | pes 8 boat R vat east RS-—Dy7S weLa-ays East ern Europe RELY vaLry7 East Asia PR Sw3k9 the Middle Bast RR £5823 Tokyo OR 2 GEG the Bast ORR %AEF the Kanto region : | Pte, au 6 BIEL a tL west ELa-oyr Europe Ba-ays Western BryTP RB Ie [LTYT West Asia ES SOBAES east, and west north, south, ome oR nT | ati ”A marx RAT Y AT a 13, 3t BEF x }) St Bt Sb PUR © ILA AL Akal a 0 Fe BR BNA bOe cre OE5 the West *A St. the Kansai region PBA, & Dam BE south 2 BRAT ANA South America To EARATYT Southeast Asia %Am cv. go south "ER kbar IS HAWS 3 chant of the ‘Tendai and Nichiren sects of Buddhism, taken from the Lotus Sutra mle¢ bar &*% north A &KTAYA North Amer- ica Skee north wind % 312 the Tohoku region, (the) northeast ome Hokkaido BAIR DAR South problem olk5 OKIE ern Territories the North. the North: vied Dart (33° direction, way (2559 direction e505 ous places Ra manners HOw the person over there (honorific) Pweg here and there, vari- way of eating, table whereabouts10 school By772I-R we som ~ ne Se YB @8 xR RH a g mid, Ue d af ae | btu, Lad oREB RAUEIU birthday Be ale DLA, Le, LAW) Al D&B, HB) HENS 94NB bedomn BUR Aw LO white Py HB blue at 3% yield, produce cf. “mtr (3 &) bear 4 B bl a L4 white 7 b jue EAB EE the Bo GQ\\/R/O) £0L4(/e/o) Haw BRED pale = pure white, as white as snow 7 ESEXLA PEELED lively, Oa eiiiny a RoP& °208B% deep blue, pale fresh E white person, Cauca- ae e sian © PRA ELMAR KY youth, Bag wed make the most of, R springtime of life make the best use of RK at Ble ¢ clear, obvious ae arene # OPE tebe dA juveniles, ATE % the art of flower OORUE 0 aR Ue (nights under the mid- young people arrangement 3 night sun Oar AX L429 copper/green rust, EE &RE—M draft beer RE eae eae baacead oO AEF HR G82. fresh vegetables Rr pes “| 5] btA RB AB grow, come out DA, CAC) 5 bas ee “Lik. lawn, plot of grass Rab Bate 0 ARIMA | ER AGMEA infrared light 2s. living, life ae een eps O a+ *5t EAL WIL the Red Cross 2 : : se Seno 0 EK 4400649 growth (of a A) aH Li58erS9 ciementany © ASAE Le £94 bronze(-colk plant) * Lapeet > slemensamy ored) a ee ; & Waa Lok 7's anc'e Cebole) Tite sp ae Hw 5A55F junior high <50-53> 38 1 7k: 2323 high school 25644 principal, schoot master ba, Da, > 3% house, home P26 family ®T family, home #U housework, housekeeping wees my wife Zo# state, nation Som novelist, author BYP72I— the Rackefeller family BBSEA landlord, owner of a rented house/apartment *A% room 44 department head UAL as personnel depart ment 4c? subordinate, one’s men (Aa headquarters, head office #40) outside, external %\a40) inside, internal Wha all (23: a portion, a part of 4:34 one portion, one part #WaRA. most of ~, the bulk of ~ uiee ee ee = i “2 7 FS mH SbU-0G) 56 1 KE ut 5 BRAT CBAFACI the Bank of 0 a Hee : BB ne Japan ck abbr, HBS © Ly 6 z cee 0 a U5 freedom, liberty : sR XA silver 1 a o aR L¥A nature aE Peano RGR FORA mercury Bit web company oa AFH (for) oneself, in per- te (2% flower shop. RE x0 i HE Lea society son 9% silver, silvery AH RBS Art ond venetabe aK Lebs£9 company president | “[gyp] mes shop aes ai) ae ae a 8) a=) bis, F235, BA aR Lewd company employee " | PISK), 3oGe+) ae fe aor TT] pec, 0), B22G) : ee . AE (ZAL® headquarters, main BHR UkILe car EB = ht, shed z oa office RAT XA23_ bank as ae . LES automatic ° BAR Ph roof 45 aaa te RRL, LL ® branch (office) WAT 9 £24. trip; co, make a trip, ’ ®¢ 52% move Bk KLE housetop, roof travel Re LA Shinto shrine i at 23e5 23 ae 7 BAT IV BL %W7 HM indoor Hh 1G Ep | oat elves, com oo ct. “fata Lt (swimming) pool ae at PTA a if 2 z t, behave, BoP 35.4% outdoor, open-air 47 ¢ WG BC go | FB) a ae 0 RE 5 ¢ houses 19 ccboctatclactectiaaed ee CALS train bee i A 45 BO%9 do, carry out, hold ee ee e @® @e B® main building/house a runs hae ene) & CA&b telephone DLA), LAWS), = be carried out, be held BR on tAS Alath), ~4(a) a PTA F sc i cite : : i J§ batt tts Sean ra BE BOTA (electric) power BRR UTAL® bicycle Ts FEU event ria Baretta Ba FATA cv. drive, work, % ee ete o APR ¥£5# administration él Beeeen operate BE TAGE store manager # £3 UneiGn next ee ES 242s tumble, fall down cht battery ae AVE \ZA-TA. the main office/store ~H8 x2 Sub lina fone/tweo/eve) aay Eaev roll (a_ stone/tire/ : TA bra ce/si an es ca RAS ORE L branch office/store ® Rp BAT* pilgrimage; co. make ble RAS 24H roll (over), tumble ORE — LtAb 3 branch manager a pilgrimage >be Pee = go rolling, RE St night stall/stand peta Ez TALS train wander, Grom one place/job ‘| nother o BR Att shops and stores ba) ake UTAL® bicycle 56 pais 2eL* company & (@% car oe 3 a 4, ‘ RR Lem society @ LR + CHL float, festival car 2 sar Ab road . ao conversation 2% station a A mL, L Fee waterworks, water 2222 infront of the station Re com the Diet 8 DATH(S) service, tap water 258L528 Tokyo Station Fe do % academic conference abs US L® car 2¢&4 national road : . KE Rip convention, general _ f = ti £54 road REGED stationmaster meeting, tournament, rally a Be ETAL bicyele : a a AB Patient ag Lad self, oneself, I igogn EF Herken ot been the oR 2L*< cv. bow slightly ast = by oneself, person- AT = oe REX cv, understand (the aT AST bank meaning of), learn how to do 13NE Nurs 7D pK z RRA HH MB <72-81> 1 KE Ra 2x5, BRED theartofthe KOF BAGO girl Her nly] L tea ceremony cf" #HEG® 5) a ee "|, Pel uh” the art of flower arrangement, ORF EvVS lost child 7 DbKCL 8 baba “@IR(FA LF) kendo, sword. Z - i smanship, “3o8(L » 5 £5) oat teFS son Ah bRCL,ADEL Ime ah ata elder sister judo WEF ScC LUE children who LOH Oa{ private univer HSA, “BALSA elder sister (polite) ORR LAEF Shintoism have returned to Japan after eee sityfeollege, cf MICH < at living abroad for some time Jo Rat <) national univer sik L86. sister eeeees sity/college, Ari (2 5 9 PEA, th 0 BFR LAL L EVA. mate employe S325) public high school beer (of a company) Hy PL 0 RFR LELLeMA female emp Bl che 8 oR Poese BOAR BeELOVE man lovee (Ae a on a AZ] HR WEIL younger sister B BED man Cat AF folding fan RR 5% father LEO sister we 228ES mountaineer, alpi i she sisters nist, woodsman Pleo, + BRA “BLIFA father (polite) © PAN A LEWEL sister city 0 Bk HAAR male, man DL, Be high (atmosphe- Soantcies ric) pressure HES —-HHRD rise, be raised ‘ K PRU Ru 3 DBS, BB(SW), BE(Y m # Par & 6 Det vs) KRY BAW big, large 2T cheap, inexpensive Oo AK BRAT flood cf. Hk (= Fw) flood kuv-@+ fall in the exchange é ret Lad rate of the dollar we | oO AVIS BBE very Res HALA co. feel relieved, stop KE Hwa. university, college worrying, feel at ease : BOR CLAIRE) cv. be wor A HULA large and small tied, be anxious size RS BAVA safety 0 RRA HME kG all right, secure safe OR bz i RE one ° RWI soybean i 3 PLA US ¢ big/powerful nation 1B D&rS(L), H5(K), kWSA large amount of fu money ML HSL new AL BULA great, serious, impor 16 tant, considerable (as in KL TIRE) o ) kw RRR <88-93> 8B 1 KE x RUUT not very ~, not so | 90 [yp ALS much ~ 5 nh i 2 Pe] PaLA(O) RA BEE adult = a ALA short Ki Foe HE CSAL BEIT Yamato a ae Chate, the ancient Japanese FER «—- HABE quick-tempered Rifo' RE PALA Yaato-e painting Aah geri Ee BEIRA strong points and bLsd weak points PEWS), 5, B 0 SUHAASE KAA HOA junior college eee cf. abbr. HERE AE) Leidiets a 0 KR'RAD = RARD short-term £9%529 elementary school id bead Ke UL £3 large and small x : size 2 A Dae aA Le3IcA children (used in # SE morning bus fares/etc.) aA LESUA insignificant per MSIE A, BERL breaktent son, small-minded person AM EW every morning aA aoe MAMBL HULA SA Asahi Shim AN aR YU the little finger, the lit. bun (a newspaper) tle toe ae SLILEC breakfast ANB ED lietleshind AY *US this morning AWM — S¥aT check 92 ani] Bath (small) stream RB be a sj 2) pus HFS adzuki bean B wB_ daytime, noon, midday gibt BOA BSS1RA lunch BBS ro : EKA, USLFA lunch break Bly Bate tong ee US daytime ae L®64r%4 company president Ae Bele lunch SPE 3:55 department head _ 33 [ KEEN] = B29.UMHA for along time RR re cL Br 5541 strong point, merit | * . BH GAFEAL £) weak’ point, He EB night shortcoming #29) ke wha for along time RA katt dawn, daybreals Rep kee in the night AR ZA® tonight RE La < midnight snack Wwise ua 1UUD 9 RAP RB #2 5NnoLle overnight train OPER &(@,“5-~ last evening, last night | PiIEA Be IZA evening, night BR OLA, ACTIZA dinner, supper Ae CAIEA tonight Hep, ZWUEA every night — BR, DEIZA one night BP PEISAL WF all night ong) > BRE (£Adadé late in life, one’s later years 5 7 | pes 2/7 | bes dR 5a% evening ya FO evening/setting sun & Pt 5 evening o+4F7 %lEt2 the Festival of the Weaver, the Star Festival o -H-F wobriwotA in a day, in a short time ia & PL Dr oS] pits RR 12 spring AMR 123244 spring vacation AROA Lor nox Day o aR NoLwA the first day of spring (in the lunar calendar) 0 PRK elec youth, the springtime of life TR OL WA cv, prostitute o AB L®A4* pornographic picture DY Vernal Equi 18 m7 RRKA a7 10 EMA oME 98 aK 5 Atk oe = Kb o wks @ ve 0H JAK KB, RAOB - x eeltalat A l@ ba, Deo %2 summer OSTA summer vacation LeAPLBIEF the four seasons, FL the summer solstice DLs bbe 4% autumn, fall && oe autumn breeze L@5%AMU Autumnal Equinox Day bea Dist © winter AORTA winter vacation RH winter sky, wintry weather EGAA cv, hibernate beA Dee © mountain [858A cv, begintoclimba mountain WEA cv. climb down a moun: tain @EA volcano BAF oA (Chinese-style) landscape paintings “22L float, festival car “o8@4 small artificial hill (in a landscape garden) ny an nie mnt aay © WAR on nya BITA ORB oS @~s ve Le Ep B ea Ok Ooms Nees rH <101-106> 38 1 KE btA Disb wb river ~htb ~ River *b%>% upper reaches of a river, upstream, ybL& lower reaches of a river, downstream Bib (small) stream “wb b dry riverbed meth rivers #4909 sonny, short hw morous verse prs, Led, o¢ But ‘WL stone CNL small stone WL (surname) toltA soap cf. TFA can be written as “#8, but it is not a Joyo Kanji. (SFR jewel, precious stone UL*®< magnet, compass ~<¢ hokw (unit of volume, approx. 180/) PTA "DR EP (surname) wim (surname) % rive field FTA paddy field, (rice) paddy WTA oil field “\atea the country, country- side, one’s hometown © DBB(A) #5 abundant, plenty #LE5 to a certain extent, somewhat; quantity, amount TIO many, a lot of Plas bt Cw), FOL) TORY few TCL a little, a few LrdRA doy Ladle girl LEFLEG alittle, a bit LEITID alittle, a few WALES cv, reduce POY ALF DAAY), BABY), HH (Bt), (SU), HES DD), BS), BCX), BK 3), BAS) # Be bright, light, cheerful wy St become light HSM clear, obvious Dwlk 6% clear, obvious 4E9HW cv, explain L3H cv. prove, certify; proof, evidence ALI DT ABLE tomorrow EWHGS day breaks £5 dawn, daybreak Hljatt dawn, daybreak 19SB 1 7kAE <107-113> ee 16 ik eR BK BC HB BLS th . : — un SERRE a “ ALAN SS a a a pal centrifugal TRS DSHS vl. spread, diff ae + 2 ease, i is a ee | tie 3 cman ae 3 ee disseminate, makes x mus ‘ : = ; vomething Dat ce. as ZABAIEY paps oo popular : duplicate overage ream ; BSS ol, widen, unf HE'SE clos 107 PA Be (BAO eternal roll, spread, extend, en Er meee eed 2 ou Pia 13 ><) m 5B berd, 25 ee rie eget es Seat eee ; is Oo NBR 2 BBY BW dark, gloomy " ye eee 2k BRE eee vast ae Shr re “ueowere aye ALD (photo) darkroom R . baled is DEW strong ee - a >A. light and shad : a ae : ade RLS kB become strong fine " annie x AU cv. hint, suggest BR 4 baa BD 2 kA strong point ~ Bw bad, wrong, evil, harm. = Bees a seat Oe : - al injury} ee 46 a KARE cv. study ba the first trai BSF BLOF delay, put off " ( poe eyes 6 be eaeart Lt) cea z a»), TEMPO) ree : O 2° R) HI cv. be late fey. (3%) thin, fine, slim, slender ELM eee i Re bles "2 Pls PAbsRZ BETS become thin, be qi eteee eee Hea : come et it RR 3 ‘i bao) pmaciated O MALES (85 878K} be very BRAS BbS_ end, be completed 4% fad \\ Ska fine (line), detailed, apy (witht work) Z ; ae i 2h hot trifling, small (change) ; RA B25 endiifinlshy complete BE AL late summer heat ante Svea details ©) ¢ ey naiaalicaie : PLA 0 EPR Lebeoage mi tee byswln deaiieds - i eae letailed state- oe aes c2be 92%, nitam bu Z bale), Bop) Lew hs (the latttrnin ofthe + @ ze a oe OLS amamer trent @ @F BSA@8 light snowfall 428 fall asteen, go 10 be lie oe Ley "GAs teauinel lown 120 Par ie PRU me #8 L5 > all day (lone) 1 xz eet : K BRED: REC) 4B LU 3 all the time . 2 at put child) to bed mae ae chy ie y down 18 : stra cold Es thick, big muti ; Be) blk, be FR Stri) chill, (have) the shiv- mS Caleta aiia tae os t See = : LAKUL® sh : Soe +e sleeping car A fend 0 FER BAR the cold, coldness ORR 3 a Lae — ae ; " ARB #3 (male given nathe) ba EN —_-RXLD food ag BAA lonely/impoverished | 9 *yp, be B( . cra kK BBR log aoa 4), BIST), BCS RE Lat meal om i a & R PATA agar @ x7 he sword a ae BEILEC breakfast OMIA —- WFAHMAD severely cold, col- | 125 yy] i me ex + Py elitr) Be WHEL AY Wosdh dest | PUed, b Rg 5 ee SFB WHESFS get up early - : & Dba WD, BCL Ci) Hee TR %5L¢ dinner, supper erica : BST wake up (a person) eH : W oR DACs), HDS), dads aaNN bee young Peer et ee test fs ee aa BOS happen, occur eI ‘ 3 eat_ ef, Kuw can be writ me ie a ns ten ag HF, but isnot a Jove shores deep, thick BA bib” young person , : 5 at oi AU i RS ir} deepen, promote BA(D) H&M) young (actor/ete.) alee mid (eee (better understanding/ete.) « OnE ZU be, RAS SPB get deeper, deepen i peer at oe i pve CMMI TSI el 0 BARE Ue RAe5edLS DUU(SS), HUE(HS) 132 ae PUA Laide? lates ‘ Young, worker CRS begin, star, com |” aK | Doren) ; bisdaard OHEBH SIS CeAS, BIKERS mence ee SVLA water depth @AlZ& men and women of 4b KL Ot drink : , Bus bE era eae Oe arias take (medicine), e 7 Ba Z 2 ren 0 BL IL VLC on, otherwise 3 BLAS begin, stars com R(A)M OAD drink, beverage 4s i RAK — DAAH drink’ H¥w shallow, slight = Eb outset, heaiqning #8 ae : BA RRR OAD ESTO drinking water 2>wL ce, begin, start, com- mence PRRIE WAL EC TA restaurant AME % shallowow a eee PUB VAL MIATA drunken driving 133 | bow 7 R D&B), BKB), EK) RS 6% come KA 6172 next month RE SvtaA next year ka Bic’ cv. come to Japan AR (34.54 originally, from the first KRS~H SRS~CS/m this coming ~ (date) ORT ARF cause, bring about, lead to * WR 2 mats)! BRT) WS *28 go back, return, leave (rom work/etc.) BRD RAT uae” 0e ea “OE day trip cv, return to one’s coun- mess DOS), OES) a HA DB get on, ride, take (a bus/ plane/ete.) 0 BEY ON BMEW motion sick: ness, carsickness, seasick- ness © RBH CL LGLSA train/bus ticket @ ARUH Kes 845 Maha yana Buddhism @ PRK Las l es meoaed Hinayana/Theravada’ Buddh ism boa oA EDS bB(NS), BAT), HB) 9% get off (train/bus/ete.) 24 ROY Bay Bao ES © rae ° THe "Ue VES FEN VEX VER a BNE © VE aB o TED SF 0 TER | a Bika. BRACES) ths hid ka wy) 339 getting on and off BAF unload, drop off (a pas, senger) cI LS CB exit on a train/ bus 4% fall, rain =45359£4 (amount of) rainfall ®24 cv. descend dace bo¢(d) 248 make, produce T3( 9 handmade % (RA composition od novelist cf H(U> L®) writer, #H (baL*) author SC Le writer We < masterpiece, piece (of art) BC OR etc.) work B60 product fine (artistic/fictional/ crop, agricultural £9.% action, movement, motion aig5 quette manners, form, et beni DET), PF(F3), OF (HB) STU rest, have a day off, be absent (from school/work) OFA summer vacation BRT AEE) Good night. DLETA RTHS short break rest, give a rest 39 U - holiday, day off HAF consecutive holidays > BAI BA Lepamiiomey the five-day workweek sys- tem) 138 | PUA D&(S), BRS), BES) nas AB look, watch, see REIS AbvS look up KP Ad 4B4t look down (from the rooffete.) BET AKT despise, look down on (in contempt) RA Abe point of view BA AlzA sample RAB 4&RB (can) be seen, (can) see, he in sight, appear (hono- 2 Tifie) HES BB show ER \UFA opinion, idea, sugges tion Le AA cv. visit (a factory! etc.) to learn something We) bxA wo 5, Rak AABEF cu. study ae AA study ote RAA% hardworking, | industrious uv 4g | rows iL ES! DFG), F025) EG Ft live EP “mje address o1ER L~54A inhabitants, resi- dents 9 AEE "Lear house, residence oH FL house, dwelling 6 1E RH mo OR 18) <139-145> 981 KE mL be(>) RO b2 have, take, hold, carry FE LITS BSHVS lift (up), hold up, flatter, praise Rat %L4 feeling, sensation, mood OR LUE co. support 143 me FO Elis) FoR L& know, learn, notice, be acquainted oA SUA acquaintance, friend fos. %U (prefectural) governor 0 x %LX knowledge, informa- tion 144 35 rPLe w bau, & a SO liquor, sake BE #2 liquor shop 0 1H Sal bar, pub BRIG AL Japanese sake RUBE VALOIATA drunken Fa driving “BAR gods sake offered to the Pe, & BH tea, Japanese tea 255* black tea bebA (rice) bowl, teacup 204 brown 204% living room Belo house tea-ceremony room/ BEF, BRED tea ceremony the art of the| mB. L de FRR ACD subway, under- ground railway HOEK = HT ground water aah &% land we 5aW place name A IZ5 region, district, prov- ince, countryside OR saestyty Teor 5s. comfort: able/cozy (room), feel at home OE LULA earthquake OD “aA surface of the earth, land, ground 0 BAUME. “eCvox timid, cowardly "Bk ao sO T HK STO subway, under- ground railway FALSE Lt private railway a tO¥S railroad a C9 iron PLe b&D a RRA £5827 BAL Toko * . Cee Ondo, Tokyo Dance Song aa eat ere 0 BX'F — PLOLE thefirstletter (ofa iM ~LS aA ~ week(s) word), initials 0K L®5%2 weekend 187 = mo5, ¢ > BAIA] Lejaej omen 3 bkb the five-day workweek sys- tem a <% mouth 164 peu AC) eC entrance ‘ oO SOB exit He EVIE’ every day zut 12 (%T (speak) fast EUL5 every week o ku #24 (volcanic) crater O DDR ER CFL MOLITA oral ex- £028 every month ROEL, ROA every year Mae PLY TO 1 DPRoK % PIE body HY 7:09. ¢ physical strength 0 wi < physique, build AR #wt eon the whole, by and large, roughly, for the most part; main (points) te ov What on earth (id you do/ete.) okie become one with, be united 4 ATO appearance “ClA84s appearance, form, style bra, Fe Dake, LS BER head $93 headache amination WES BAI with one voice, with one accord O'R ale a. Ded, EK be, & a a eye BBS BHcHw-S see (hono- rific) Be 2+ standard, vardstick, criterion BLMA ©42ROUE one's superior, one’s senior BFDA HL eowe one's inferior. one’s junior Bit & (FA before one’s eye, im- mediate, impending o Bay BCTH purpose ° B* &UEI goal, objective o°mB %AIE< face, honor, reputa- tion © BDHMAV IS £OHENE before one's eyes 29Bike 16-17 FF Roan Og 163, B PL Pe 5@4LA center, middle 8 bade 0" Hes ®ALA concern, interest gy AA car 0 Beas PALA cv. admire, be very ne impressed 184% sharp-eared i ORoe WALA admirable oO BRA Cue otolaryngology # a LAL w4 double suicide; a cv, commit suicide together | Per ORI LY See bam com 4 DTK fortable/cozy (room), - feel at home t hand as ST (postage) stamp i A | pusd, ua ey Aa THA this side il 2H po fo Ff C2 time, labor, effort 4 oe orn force, (physi FRI | OCOKG help, a TEE BRSELCE physical labor Celtel ie a laiiea lanes job that requires muscle power Gennis player/drawing/ete.) ABBA BREE powerful, x ighty, st FSR Att unskillful, poor (tennis ne ee SOE player/drawing/etc.) ey {92 (academic ability 0 AL athlete, player RY tue & ¢ (physical) o 48 Re reins cc BAT ANE CT with all one's 4 fe] might, to the best of one’s abil ia ; 7 » BB), of 3 9E¢ ability, capacity OTA EN a effort; cv. make R SL foot, leg, paw efforts ~k ~%< ~ pair(s) of (shoes? | 0 "HE GAD power, authority socks/ete.) ORE HIER WALI EK i . a: EP GALORE CIOTALE ORE SAK shortage, insutficieneys nuclear power plant cv.ti. lack, be short o| 7 ‘ i CRA 4£9 8 horsepower, energy OR RE &F 3% < water shortage (to do work) RNS 1B be enough, be sufficient | 0 7° YS929 ability RF &Y add, supply i 7 o RS “2 Japanese-style socks >>, 05 Dr(>), ACTS) PLA poss wn RO stand up we £24 mind, heart, spirit Ib LAS kbbAS stand up, stand mind, heart, spirit up and take action, rise (up Her Beit one’s real intention/ MELE Z RBLRS stop, halt, paws? 30 22D —-BPE stand out, be conspicu ous wah BIE position, standpoint, situation oo %45%X% sudden shower in the late afternoon RRNHF4— Vole Oeza— buffet-style dinner party RAF 26 Yow national university bwIVDI¢ neutral try coun. TAN MIEN] be built de bTb(d) tbs HES seat coe sit down, bank account hls, a DHBK), HO) Ba walk '2¥5 sidewalk (Bl9L*® pedestrian ~lE ~ step(s) LAME cw progress, ment kb sion improve, advance; advance, improve- oe: percentage, commis oA &O% walking, history (of a company/school/etc.) 4s pawn (in Japanese chess) bts DL) RS LS run 0 RE €9U® runner Oa B29Z9 co.runina race EF ABMASB 175-181) KE BRR “ULbt December bd DMF), EEL ix talk, tell, speak (22 speaker '$%L 52 (the line is) busy" (8%L4 talk, discuss (2% LAH talk, discussion * BIL stand chatting/ talking Ez TAb telephone BE @b conversation ue ial PRA, 6A ul PR) pac), accra) BH < &< hear, listen BAX = &8C hearer, listener BIC ZS 8224 (can) be heard, (can) hear aR LAsA newspaper O ARH OD eARVAYAD unheard-of, unprecedented beh, EK, SF D&(e) dtr read a ELE cv read books Re X ev. depart, leave Fh wL WD cv. go out Bl Loc cv. depart from a country He Loa’ co. attend (a class/ meeting/etc.), be present 0°38 dk THL BD cv. present, submit O TANK Fe 3A) cashier, teller ied Dae hiras 2 DUS), WULS), US) rxS (dB enter ANS vil put in, let in RICAB —-BlB_ ike, be pleased (vith) A())@ e166 entrance BAX" vow sunset AF (2 54*¢ cv, enter a school AH (6 5L* cy. enter/join a ‘company ABR EB FWA cv. be sent to a hospital, be hospitalized 8 {252 cv.enter a country. be admitted into a country AB cw FEES cv, enter, be ad: mitted OWA L% 3125 income 0 BX SAF cv. enter (a mar ket) run short @) wR ab RB IBT-191> 1 KE Dike 0 ADK BOLE cv. sweep away, D5(B), 3B) Wipe out HD 5% sell tea. boei, Lod E09 — FOU sales counter, depart- | 1 ba(B), SUES), 2K), ment where something is sold DHS) MNS 39 8NS de sold out HS put on, wear BCVA) 9960 sales, proceeds HAS —-BHH_ dress someone CV) 299A retail store Aly & 80 kimono o me CD) B23 90K advance TH Lee underwear ticket a AF* swimsuit, bathing sui o (DAHA F9 buy cv. be attached, stick (to) FL (W497 HOG shopping 131 PEO ORC) ER acl EES buyers’ |, - Dace), OFS) RH iwitu co buy and sell, ¢ take off (clothes/shoes/ trade/deal in etc.) o RR eb w> cv. buy up, pure Beck Kote cv. spin-dry (the + chase, bribe laundry) 189 © RARER KoteLs3 43. dehy. EA | ed dration 5 DweS(5) > Ake ol cv. escape, get out & if ah 5 1855 pay S : ot : o BURR HottK cv. be derailed, run Rab LSI pay off the track, digress (from the ‘ subject % Rah 4x) Lito v1 Hae ae () Pee > BUR HOE ov. escape from RIGA(\\) 22060. advance payment brisot 0 4am 420TH cv, become scarce, 29i med a 1B) DERG) < late ¢ work Hs (86% work, workings xs (gC worker OH BILI work, labor OHA = 4FLIL] worker, laborer O° RMS 3494S labor union OTR MMAT 2ILILALI working population, work force OSA = BFKIN AK manpower, work force, labor force ODD RR AILIDECRES labor shortage i PAL 8 bBa(C) aC BEC swim ARK FRAY swimming Buk RAAY long-distance swim- ming USES breaststroke PLY bI2C), 194 =e 5 324) gy JF copy, take (a picture) FR L LA. photograph, picture FAR LLA# photographer Oo RA Letty cv. sketch 198 2. PRU 3 1F be) FO 30 wait HE odDRe (EFS shdbd2e(e)TS arrange to meet, meet (at) ASL SbYZ ASHdxS arrange to meet, meet (at) EE — 2BALLO waiting room aa Oc RAR Bev. co. hope for, expect OFS La3kw ox. invite 198) ms, wD ii | we DHE) Bos HEH play Ba 324% amusement park, recreation grounds HEY R = F1LG_ promenade © WAL wOAMEA pleasure trip 197 pe 8 b & Cas) OE SS £2: call, call out to Uf LUT ask to come, call up (on the phone), summon o FR Caw I co.dreathe cf. "B% FS (WETS) breathe 198) y PHA 4 Ea DmaG) BI }59 wash BH. BSH lavatory, toilet AKL cv. do laundry %At <¢ & washing machine RAPA L FeeAhAL flush toilet ow ADF co. brainwash 199 mL 8 48 DoA (5) RG mF use {BVH Daas how to use, method of use © (RAVE LE 515 how to use, method of use ER ResL ambassador @ ee LL® messenger or m1 it of o ° ° 2 aK FoR El Bo ee ag Fe, ae we we w ne BF owt Bua BO3¢ Boa Bu(>) Rot pe Dot, IK) 3% song 3kI sing mL» singer <0” national anthem 2 school song Ad lanka, Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables ‘ba waka, Japanese poem of thiry-one syliables PLid D%5(5) 69° leam 26 LF cv, Jearn UL®4 ev.vi. study by one- self EL 4 co. prepare one’s les- sons A)89 to one's heart content, as hard as one can BLbdF unconsciously, in spite of oneself 204 10 LOE ability to think “LST decision making SS) OPA, oA 2 Dug), 2k 37 3 say, talk about, tell BMV RR We’ excuse we TAA message; cv. give/ send a message VAS language (517A dialect ZEIF language VELL a word, single word -25, 0 Deed), CBD), OE @) 2S EBS go along, pass through/along 2") eas street Ais BEB big street ~i ~¢" ~ street/avenue 6) ULES) pedestrian traffic (~LA)M (~L%)EBD as (pro mised/one is told/etc.) i BEEB) once ~ iii) ~E5) ~ ways (of doing something) 384 BEI go to (school/work), go to and from ae D328 cv, attend/go to school Eh 298A cv. commute, go to one's office kit 2325 traffic; cv. pass, go past/through ii xo 23% ce. notify, announce SUE A425 cv. correspond (by letters)FIRE $LU9-Z10) Rk AES @ 2 Oi 24324 traffic, transporta- tion US 25US de understood, be connected, run, be open to traf. fie ° if 24 connoisseur, expert o HR 2% wake, vigil be Dbr(S), pS) bE’ go across, go over bret (over) lay/build across, hand Ex» ev. go to America E29 overseas travel expenses E5WUA foreigners who came to ancient Japan, bringing certain expertise mts Deda) BCS send #4 % see someone off 4d) seeing someone off B<0PAF send back, return 35¢ 92% conjugational/de- clensional ending added in kana aiter a kanji BE EIA ce. remit/send money so FAZIO YD freight company shipping/ %5<0m farewell party (2529846 broadcasting station, radio/TV stat 36 a) pied = 38 DE(RB), E(B) Bid Ek stay, stop xiB28 (Aom (trip of) three days and two nights o BR Lw(ik¢O charges for ap. commodations ® 208 | vp, pad [SU ) peR(as). eH. 8H a) ZB —-BILAB_ remember, memorize BATS Beats remember, have/keep/bear something in mind BAD S HASH vi. wake up Betsy He 824 vi. wake up BYE LAE Heal eVe alarm (clock) Fors, bw< cv, perceive ORE mA < sense, sensation, feel ing aos [ae | pies 7 eo bbtdaa) mans bTNS forget Siig DENA thing left behind SS FFA year-end (din ner) party 20 | pees 13, PA) PLE(XB), EEO), CeEM(2zS) ASS L&*% study, investigate, examine PAF OWA BEF LA de in good health, be in good order iA &£36£5 cv. emphasize cf ER (U9 L) cv. attack importance to, regard as impor" tant” @ eR BO 6211-215> 3B 1 kA o BAS LEMRS prepare something, Be yweLI reply, answer; make arrangements, supply cu. reply, answer, respond ric RE PED answer, solution; a) Be wed cv. answer, solve n if LI) DIK), BIC) 0 BS EGA cv. reply, answer, (at an assembly) wT DH vt. continue K ~ ELH S GL O5US continue a9 Be bass talking/speaking n| D&L(ZS), BEDS) } 23< vi. continue aid ae HAG BLAS teach, tell JE) He &9ODC continue raining fi . + cf. -éswawkw is used only in 9 RAW BLAwK teaching method AK ¢. -isuzwkerw is used for other verbs. Khe Bed} be taught, be told HS 93% continuation, continu- RE &E5LO classroom ance, sequel & ILM professor; cv. teach FHS TOA procedures Bak PEOTESONS Ce Tene OBR BEGW< education; cv. edu- BR NA®< continuation, series; - cate pesseaaartctobaa cv. continue, be consecutive oe BEIM church Hee BL RCE one after another, in rapid succession YAR XVARLI Christianity 0 FEE 5X cv. inherit, succeed Oa Lw5ard. religion 0 AR BE Gee ¢ co. continue 25 bau m x p35 1 cal DBECK), BAUS), DmAA (ZB) &(<), HUIS) z PAwed & RAN} HS ot. open, make room BAD BAMRE think, consider, acts acatereanth 2 Wer i i BA < (vi. open, become empty/ BAR lata way of thinking, vacant, be through with, be free rags (as in not busy, have no plans) AR *A0R idea, thought, plan, ses i opinion, intention TS BTA en, open a store RS LZ3 thinking; cv.vi. think As aL cv, start, begin BEE — EAZILE reference book Me wurde co. open a meeting, 0 into session BEE S920 archeology © BAS'R HVMLLE opening core oR =3Nr en. consider, take many, into consideration re 299 cv.vi, be open to traf fie ng = te] bes BA < V5 open, unfold, found, 1 | DoK(AS), Cha establish, hold (a meeting/ J party), bloom, blossom BAD «SHAG answer, reply, res | HBR —-5.4.U=HR_ opening a beach to Pond the public for the summer (XZ) «SHA _ answer, reply, response 37BAS wala cv. develop 0 RRA TAR cx. develop, unfold 26 pau " BA De(US), E(SF), LH B), L(kS) Fd S LHS shut, close PALS LB be shut/closed, shut, close PALS = ELS close RUE AWTA cn, close a shop Ase “agsie cv. close a meeting, adjourn © FAB’ Nom eLE closing ceremony PAPA ON cv. open and close © FATS AWS cv. close (a road/port/ etc.) oS > LF shut (one’s mouth/a gate/ete.) 27 mL ‘ ak DE(HB), E(B) wk} ES stop, turn off wkd £44 stop, halt, be parked HiFi 25249 No Thorough- fare ak 3L co. stop, suspend, discontinue, cancel © "Sak BAL cv. forbid, prohibit, place a ban on LH UKELE. wharf, pier 218 PLs5 12 Ded), PUTS) EC #<~ burn, roast, bake, broil, grill, toast, bake, fire (pottery), scorch, be jealous BETS 214% be burnt, be baked, be toasted, be roasted, be suntan- ned Beit Dit cv. be suntanned 38 og Fit a oe st i Sy fie ffir = Fa ee iat a ie ° ° i id IU evening glow #ALEF cv. be burned down, be reduced to ashes L&3L2 ev. be burned down, be consumed by fire bless DIS), &RS) UF extinguish, switch off (a light), turn off (the gas), erase, wipe out, cross out EDGd cancel GLA eraser ERS disappear, go out (as ir a light/candle), melt (away), die away Lr3#& fire extinguisher LEG® cv. digest LEFUL* consumer pea Pa, REGIC), BEF), BS) %BF repair, fix, correct revise, improve ef. FCs +) cure, heal ABE reconsider, come to have a better opinion af %BB_ be repaired, be fixed cf. BCR S) get well, be cured BESDITAD direct (phone) line BES) wF direct current DC BA ei(< 39 3) alter nating current, AC BEOCIEA direct flight be cv, collect, gather &< LF special feature; co. feature EC LMISI special issue #AL@ 4 the complete works (of) 2¥4 gather, get together, meet bes bRBGLS), RBCS) #3 knock down, fell, beat, defeat, throw, topple BLS fall over, collapse, break down, die, be killed, be overthrown, 258A cv. go bankrupt; bankruptcy, financial failure 39aaa Nee cues PK IH @ Peet 0 as U@IEES serious illness ule) pps a disease Sp @ ORMGORM B5DPE0, BLOPLY nie} ineurable/fatal disease SHER W5ULBE post office om 2% fall ill, become sick, suf fer from BBR @9%9 co. mail OF Lote illness, sickness, dis ease il We PAA, OA 4 bE) en Be PUA SME = WI UAALC post office ue 6 RNR Cukor regular service Ca al Fa5d hospital flignt/ete ROK OA graduate schoo! 0 PRUE IT YAU EI BS jumping HZ on the bandwagon and ABE BIA ce. be sent to a increasing prices, hospital, be hospitalized % * UAHA I RE WA cn. leave the hospital, 2 eA “etierioad be discharged from the hospital TRAY = -XA9 useful, handy 4B AR KAU lavatory pes pee Oo AME LE5 38 1 ke @ AAR “sas early summer rain 26 tt PLU > ae “LER (rain) shower (in late 5 boM(zS) autumn and early winter) 4b LL work, business, job 233 | tem PeEI, Ge te EIFS Lav! finish (off/up), com- 1 RA plete oe Pe a 4k LASS Lbat be finished, be com- RE 2£58EF Tokyo pleted, be ready Re BEDE Kyoto © MTS LATS make (clothes), tai lor x UrE3&£3 co, goto Tokyo Zl - ORS 2B serve (a person), YOR &&E5 cv return to Tokyo work under/for O RCRA GORALABIS RAE BwIL waiter, waitress; Osaka and its neighboring ev. wait regions bl Ea me, F 234 BR Pau : pee 3 DFW), FWD), BA 2) 1 Le work, business, job e Set gov ERE ‘TALE event, happening, RB Ava movie Aecnience ER ee ee eae REL ACL deautiful, splendid, BRS 928 be reflected ee DOE thi eve et Se ee WE UOTE tings mater, eve 0 RLS «(HAH shine, took nice RS #U housework, housekeeping ——— RE we fire ms) | bas as i jl Ax UAL personnel affairs eee ap sU% wR usa sgibvie ASL RUS important Be 466 painter; artist oO Se & Maine, affair, matter, BRE 13L4¢ Japanese-style paint: Oo SER 23t dilettante ing CRE Pest picture, drawing, paint. | 288 Ba] hLO, Lb, & ing g 7 7 ORB 5H Western-style painting, | '® Toreien film $478) LOBA question; cv, ask O° Fh (354° Japanese film oe I Lo lity of. “HE CO £3) re Oa cv, create a plan/ K iganueeritity e project RE 1ZAL2 real nature, sub- stance, essence O'R UAL quality of a product cf. “HERE GED F) capacity/ performance (of a machine) ALei Saeeree = 6 ay ey RE _ uv go TOR AF Fi 6249-240) 1 KE Oo ee %L nature of the soil, geo- Burd 59 geography KASH KTR (most) favorite; be KR #W% atmosphere logical features » pas very fond of : : see 4209 physics 2 aw AK VELB hostage a KERAP RTE FASTER be a matter of ae sca 0 RR L* pawnshop 9 MIB HII. ON TRI physically taste 0 RR %25 weather, climate z DAA th gE Z3\» goodwill, good wishes, ng 45 : eK (FA pledge, word (as in Sheory # Kindness favor ORR BPE ce have an affair, be “get one’s word”) Oe BAY logic eee a f HE 2365% in good condi oO ARO vEworO deserted, 239 br tion, satisfactory emply 242 PLA Sayzy W5caT : . i i] DUG) GO), EK a HB bE 0 RAF BL WILF TRL friendly 0 AR ide indication, sign A¥ 29 UAB good-natured ROS . HRI LOBA question; cv, ask SH LALA ntoranh, viekon oH. person selenite Oo KOR —- WOU fire, heat questions : . sha Sine eine. inte ; xe epee wee =ZOw like, be fond of cf | 9 BRIO AW eg Loree timid, cow- Rega Bae problem, issue, ques- + rae (AB(RIEWS) get/grow any Hon Gn an exam) OMe LA83 vacuum foncl oF i ea FR] w {BA learning, study, stud: A LOA preference bt, Erg a Boat i pure white, snow ia PLY, L¥(), LF(RS), white Re BALI cv. ask questions 5 [ PITA, A LF(HS) a : Bip £264% pitch-black a eee eee HORT Z eee ‘ FE per Bae L¥ az quiet, silent, calm, Rw vs question Hoakty “#0 bright/deep red oe peaceful HAG \WAR% healthy, be in good 4 BOSbYS LesdeS make in Bote C2 088% deep blue, pale Pe ee ree HS — LFRS calmdown quiries (at an office), “nt oo ag © BUX LFS stillness, silence, inquire Howmet 256% pitchdark 4 EIFASA dualism Pe ete a » silence, pay. Ee bbz inquiry . C ., o ra Aa : BY Sbt Evbbt inquiry 0 RATA te ALR SIE (perfect BLGE at one’s feet, (one's) |g zeHh ye — AeWe cootheaded om tA®, LW wholesale store z ae BLA = 2AM the middle, the cen 38D —— L¥ED ocal/home (team, WEA —- VUTAS static electricity at Po ter, the heart etc.) °K barbed ue By) 25 ee a # Hog. $588 at the very begin oR W28E head/master of a 10 ning, first of all school (of flower arrangement/ | 94g ae ae ae tea ceremony/etc.) »y : 3% cx. cook; cuisine o i 243 ak mL o ER # AO. originally, primarily, ba) 4 38 rs fe . BE DEFRA charge, fee, fare 0A Dawe oy by nature Bat eae ueanaas a3 stage, cost of 7B AARA the first day of the aie? ea SRK CHA letter year i AR DES cu use W5N2FLIA toll road & ws paper rau FI] L239 victory LEX EFDA food, groce- Sr Ba LAaAL newspaper i | xh 7 head N29% wise, clever ries am at AR plore 3 copying RAR WA8% healthy, in good spi A )L- interest (on a loan/ete.) IB my an OL. blank oh ute ome 0% interest (on a toan/ " * oe Bt 4B feeling, mood, sensa- ete.) He 2499 ie 0" foe dL Japanese paper a o As X2& profit ev. cook; cuisine I fen HIZAZ <8lB_get/grow fond of SPR ABS vighthanded EAR ) os cv. understand, compre | 244 pia = hend cf. 3(b%3) une 4 bs samt BR TAS electricity AALS VORA leftthanded derstand, realize, find out 8 ~ HO) AR KAR lari 1 e [S&& popularity, popular “3 je . He LAY psychology APS == FAL favorite; be fond of 0 HPAI] Le) gravel, pebbles AR WEL sign/presense of people Oey LAD2*< psychology 42 43SL IRAE $LD1-298? 251 RS ORS # gL er 46 R PLs5 DPpS(5), A) SF laugh, smile bHw laughter a find, some: LITRZ JLB get, receive, accept, thing found interpret, understand . o 8oA t@5aA42ZA one hundred Oo Rt Le» cv, collect/gather thousand yen (news material/data/etc.) 43 Us eB WR TR i i 8274-280) a 2 KE m4 26 rs a JE PTA uPA] pat TA) porms), on(aa), ae DKG BI FFF invite a) RS % tell, report, 0 He 918 co, induce, cause, municate eae rigger Eee i Does eet eapel cliae a) CORI help, assist : 9 SMMEZ wots legend, tradition PAWF cv, invite, persu. ade, induce 0 I 24 go along 3a cv. kidnap ee TATA message; cv. give/ send a message ru 0 mR TAEF tradition > rE a DOAHS), D(H) oR “CAD legend RNS 20S be tired, grow weary 28 Fi Sree Pam HH tiredness, fatigue, 1 VIL) pwearc|), wad) weariness caren Bart cv. be mentally TAG Gee tow fred, worry, be: bored aS % °F pour, let flow, drain, oa U4. tiredness, fatigue, spread (rumors), broadcast weariness 2, bs Ue Est 2399. upper stream, upper class 26 Et! °°. 0 LICR Cra yesenaes 4 Db B(X4) upper class : Wait 594 middle stream, HENS {6% compare middle clase RUNS aes compare (visu- To ») 5 lower stream + si SARFIL 169 ~5RFW top-rank- he aaa ing hotel, one of the best o eae Ua< cv. compare hotels . RUT 3525. fashion, vogue, Oo BEY WIL cv. be proportional, i erate, fad, popularity eu Be be in proportion to in fashion, be popular/preva- lent/epidemic >. piso ow a BA cv, circulate, spread “ b&(HS), &(¥4) i te x 280 soe bod RE Hot ev. di le, Sener 2 DBS), BILD) OAR OE bares definite, fi BES B&B fall, drop Bes BOLA co. determine, be BSAC BIC settle down, calm determined, make up one's ona mind, resolve Bes BEF drop, throw down, lose Bolt never: aoe Y @8_ BULA BEL ost article/prop- wt DHF fail to use (an oppor, erty nity) I a8 8 BB &<+& falling rock(s) RRS 4M miss, overlook, a ae pass over, let go unchallenged) ae? EKG 6 fall, roll/tumble unpunished ee! Be lown : oO MNS DINE , get away HR oss Se lightning strike a eee a ORE 205 < cv. fall, crash 24 1B) > ~8 me nFB) prea, te, aes wa 3 ae Pe (2), HPE(S) KA ir Dik(LS), (e+) FES pass, go past, elapse aE wane ($i B clear (up), feel refre- XZ t89F8S go past, ae shed/better pass (a place/etc.) HAT BEA BR fine weather KA X OAFX drinking too much, 0 BR seh. seen : excessive drinking ik ine autumn day oui “ ENGE SX ANTE eating too much, 0 FRA 0 REE mitts fine weather excessive eating 0 BR 2UTA fine weather, clear 8 29% cv. pass (through) r sat, a © BKK HATZ majority, more oe than half az Bee © HIE BIL early death caused Bt 1 DawelyPs) by overwork o BR BTS 1B throw, pitch, give up 0 AR 2Tls process RF 23 pitcher MLD error, fault“ o BUR RE £4 contribution, letter FOF spend (a day/a vaca 200 from a reader (to the editor); fontete) =+ ¢v.vi, contribute (a letter/ 8 poem/ete.) to a publication bg e620 error Inill a i +o 0 RE 25L cx. invest i ee a8 oR EFULI cv. vote, cast " bocca) . j a ballot i o BR £38 speculation, venture WTS —- STB throw away, dispose | 203 KR) hee RCS APTS walk out on, for. ke 3) op cars)y, cae ¢ eu a EWS), EAT), O48 ae ‘ H, wang) BR FT abandoned dog o HZ See a wa AN Lie 3. round off (to BETS (cS run away, get away, the nearest whole number) a escape : o BUYS CUT run away, flee Ra choke saigce © SOE ON VE BEE £33 cv. run away, escape ‘3s BRAT cart release, set free, let aE escape FRO REATH eM IeaF fail to catch ee 50 st EEE <286-291> BR 2 KE bisO, ED Loclk cv. depart, leave koL® cv, depart (as in trains or buses) ~(82 departing from ~ ~l£9 departing at ~ (time) BODe co. invent (oA cv, discover 2525 ev. issue, publish Wo e< start cv, be inaugurated, (Bo &(CA proposer, pro- moter bes ERSe¢ co. arrive £35 T cannot possibly, (not) at all 5H ce. come, arrive bits DBCS), tk(5 5) Pom project “Et cv. create a plan/ watch, clock Bhs ade accounting household budget Z3ite sum, total Bods cv. add up, total; measure, plot, design btu, Usd D&K(HS), &K(¥S), eK) Got mine blitote cv, decide, deter- decision-making BEE RELA OEE £2 ee sek 0 EAS oO BA TAa o £6 BAT cv. be stable/steady HATOLE stable AbATH% unstable BL A oo MoT 33 | PHO, vO u[ PU, bed) oH cv. explain wO4ED cv. explain, com- iment on) L29#2 novel Leto editorial #o%r5 cv. preach (a ser- mon), lecture (a child) Bok< co, persuade 2 hypothesis RAD (political) speech; co, deliver a (political) speech 5-8 co, make an elec-s tion tour, go canvassing (for votes) 2 explain, expound, advocate, persuade 293 bau, Dei), Grr) 8 . EFS) iB Name cv. understand, com- prehend cf. 97 (4) un. derstand, realize, find out SLR BBR HC AU} Bat ° ARR hae comment, opinion we — cv, solve, settle ae bus away solve come untied, melt emt melt (now/ice/etc.) U7 emancipation from worldly attachments, salva tion from earthly bondage; cv. be emancipated 294 rar & Deuce) Bn BEE RE SAR co part in SACILE . participate, take reference book USA ov. bring 5) BE) BE cv. visit a shrine/ temple 295 pa 20 | DIRS), CD(S) Rin SAt cv. participate, take part in 0 mL cv. process (food/ tor 3. cx. join (a club/ association/ete.) 0 40 wb cv, join (a league/ federation/ete.) O pnd wha cv. heat MAD cv. end, conclude 0 Ae FOBA conclusion 0 RE RA V3 betrothal presents °F 3° dress/do up (one's hair), tie (up), fasten fet XB WbzAS bind, fasten, tie M3] oA 1 SHR Wok cv. marry, get mar- ied PMGTRMT LACAN 255 honeymoon 0 a8 CAR cv. get engaged 0 Ee DSA cv. divorce, get divor- ced 304 PA 12/ Pie= (a) DATA cv. drive (a car/ete.), operate a (machine) FATAL 345 motion, movement, exercise, athletics, (social) movement, campaign; cv. exer cise mt ah driver